repot on gsm based arm

Smart and Intelligent GSM based Automatic Meter Reading & Control System

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Over-view of GSM based AMR & Control System

Since the first Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network started to

commission and operation in 1991, the world has adopted the standard for mobile

communication. After the adoption, countries around the world are developing GSM

infrastructure for wider nationwide coverage at a rapid rate. The SMS was developed as part

of the Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) phase2 specification in 1992 as a

text paging mechanism in addition to the original GSM voice service. It experienced an

astronomical increase usage making it as a popular communication means for notification.

The SMS has extended their service to content providers to deliver a wide variety of services

to mobile phone users. SMS is one of the convenient mean of communication especially for

reminder, notification, and a short note when the mobile phone user is not expect to answer or

respond immediately. With the advancement and booming of ICT and internet technology

makes online information system applications such as e-commerce are gaining more

acceptances by the public. The convergence of GSM and ICT network allow more mobile

and wireless applications to be implemented such as electricity meter reading, billing,

payment and distribution control

But a new technology is named Automatic Meter Reading System is discuses. Apart

from being a boom, AMR wipes out all the cons of conventional systems. Automatic Meter

Reading System is a sophisticated system which allows companies to collect the reading

without visiting the site.AMR include various technology for data collection such as power

line communication, Zig-bee, Radio Frequency (RF Method) and GSM network but GSM

network is best among this technology.

The GSM based AMR system. Automatic meter reading system helps the customer

and energy Service provider to access the accurate and updated data from the energy

meter.AMR System can send energy consumption in hourly, monthly or on request. This data

is sent to central system for billing and troubleshooting. These data are stored into the

database server for processing and recording. This technology mitigates labor cost, collection

time, energy theft, avoids late payment. Adding to this it increases data security, improved

customer service, reduced revenue losses. This system is not only sending the data but also it

Dept., of CS&E ,VVCE


does provide power disconnect/connect feature, power cut feature and tempering alert

feature. All these advantages give this product an edge over other pragmatically prevailing

devices.

1.2 Problem statement

Now a day’s Current electricity billing is done by labor and manual reading from

houses to houses. This requires huge number of labor operators and long working hour to

achieve complete area billing.

1.3 The solution

With the help of GSM networks a gsm modem and microcontroller equipments are

used with the digital energy meter we can get automatic energy meter bill reading system.

1.4 Existing System

At present, most of the houses in India have the traditional mechanical watt hour

meters and the billing system is not automated. At the end of each month a person from the

electricity board goes to every house and takes the meter reading manually. These meter

readings are used for electricity bill calculation and this bill sent to consumer house by post.

Customer goes to electricity department for paying this bill amount. But in this technique we

are required great number of persons for reading the meters. The procedures of sending the

bills to customer are very laborious and cumbersome.

1.5 Proposed System

The proposed system automatically reads the energy meter data and sends it to the

Service provider on reception of a specific message from Service provider. It uses a GSM

modem for this purpose. The system can also provide the facility to disconnect the supply of

a customer in case of any payment related issue.



CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 GSM BASED POWER METER READING AND CONTROL

SYSTEM

Mr.Rahul Ganesh Sarangle, Prof.Dr.Uday Pandit Khot, Prof. Jayen Modi, Automatic

Meter Reading (AMR) technologies, electrical utilities (EUs) have been exploiting their own

infrastructure to bill their customers in an efficient and economical way. Since the amount of

data that has to be send is quite low related to the available time to perform this task, AMR

applications have been demanding low bit rates. At this moment, EUs are exploring and

demanding other services as load and alarm management, remote monitoring and

disconnections, etc. In this context, the Low Voltage modems should provide more

throughout while keeping the cost of the hardware low.

The results of the power-flow studies are compared to those determined using the

actual customer meter readings.

• Daily kWH

• Monthly kWH

2.2 Smart and Intelligent GSM based Automatic Meter Reading System

Abhinandan Jain, Dilip Kumar, Jyoti Kedia, The purpose of enhancing the

management level of the meter reading of power enterprises, web services based GSM

automatic meter reading system is put forward the characteristics of GSM technology and

Web Services technology are analyzed, and the architecture of web services based GSM

automatic meter reading system.



Microprocessor-based automatic meter reading system is implemented, which

provides a cost-effective, reliable, and interference free data transfer between remote meter

reading units and the utility control centre. The meter reading and management processes are

free from human involvement. Based on the existing telephone networks, it is very flexible

for the utility companies to access, service and maintain this meter reading system. A user

friendly and window based user interface is designed which fully utilizes the personal

computer's terminate and stay resident programming technique to achieve communications

between the remote meter reading units and the personal computers in the utility control

center. This paper describes the hardware design of the remote reading unit and the software

implementation of the communication module and user interface.

2.3 GSM Based Automatic Meter Reading System Using ARM Controller

Bharat Kulkarni, To implement GSM based aARM system, an ARM processor based

board is used. It uses a 32-bit processor with on-chip ADC, timer/counter module, PWM and

UART module to interface a GSM modem and energy meter.

The energy meter which generates the pulses as well as count the energy consumed is

used. The digital energy meter is having a LED which blinks for a specific number of times

to indicate the energy consumed (e .g. 1 Unit = 1600 pulses). These pulses are fed to ARM

based system which is programmed to count these pulses. The system reads these pulses and

after counting specific number of pulses it increments the internal counter by one which

indicates the number of units consumed.

2.4 Automatic Power Meter Reading System Using GSM Network

The GSM Power Meter is the integration of a single phase Class 1,IEC61036 standard

compliance digital kWh power meter and a GSM modem. A SIM card with a unique special

service number is require for the GSM power meter to receive and to reply its meter reading

to the energy provider using SMS On the ICT side the eBIS application software was

installed in the application terminal where the energy provider operator uses to perform meter

reading routine in the monthly interval through the GSM network.



The design of the GSM Power Meter is an integration of a single phase Class1,

IEC61036 standard compliance digital kWh power meter, Power to Communication (P2C)

Interface board, Distribution Control Board and a GSM modem The digital power meter is

used to measure the power consumption drawn from the energy provider sub station to the

consumer in kWh unit. A Single Phase digital Watt Hour Meter ATec12 from ATec was

chosen for GSM Power Meter implementation.

The Power to Communication (P2C) interface board is used to interface the impulse

and synchronize count from the power meter optocouple circuit and to store the meter reading

into its internal non-volatile EEPROM memory at every single impulse count interval. In the

event of power failure the last meter reading information will be stored in the EEPROM.

Upon power restoration the power microcontroller will retrieve the last meter reading and to

continuous sync with the digital power meter. GSM modem SIM-T03 from SIMCOM was

chosen to use in the prototype implementation. The GSM modem used a RS232 serial

communication protocol and AT command to communicate to the power meter.



Chapter 3

Methodology

3.1 Architecture of Automatic Meter Reading & Control System:

Fig 3.1 shows Architecture of Automatic Meter Reading System & Control System:

AMR Continuously monitor and record the energy meter. This can be achieved by

using microcontroller unit. Microcontroller unit are interfaced with digital energy meter.

Microcontroller unit are interfaced with the RTC by using 2 wire serial interfaces for date and

time and RTC memory are also used as data storage permanently. Microcontroller unit are

also interfaced GSM modem for remote monitoring and control domestic energy meter. The

data received through GSM Modem and network. Data is being sent to the AMR on request

and within a particular interval. Once the meter received the request of data from the energy

provider, SMS gateway will immediately reply the meter reading with that date and time. The

data received from meter is stored in database server through SMS gateway for processing

and record. This data received from meter are stored in database server according to Meter ID

that is providing to customer house. At the end of each month the server using the detail of

database server and calculate the bill amount and send the complete detail of consummation



of unit, and total bill amount. User can verify the same AMR possess have transparency on

the part of customer and Service provider.

3.2 Working of GSM based AMR & Control System:-

3.2.1 Meter side

Fig 3.2.1: Block Schematic for GSM based power meter reading & Control System

(Meter side)

The figure 3.2.1 shows the block schematic for the meter side for the measurement of

meter reading from the remote location. The message which is send by the server side for the

request of the reading which is firstly received by the GSM modem, then

microcontroller(Master) first read the message from the sim card, then Master controller will

communicate with the slave microcontroller which is continuously taking the reading from

the meter via serial peripheral interface, the slave who setup the communication with master

and slave will send the current reading which is store in the Stack of the slave will send it to

the Master microcontroller.

The message which is replied on the request of the server which is receive by the

server’s modem , then the modem will forward the message to the database for the data

collection system the whole system for the server side is shown in figure 3.2.2



3.2.2 Server side

Fig 3.2.2: Block Schematic for GSM based power meter reading & Control System

(Server side)

The message send from the server side or from user to control the power of the

appliances which is receive by the GSM modem shown in fig 3.2.2, the microcontroller reads

the message of the sim and it according to the data of the message like how much power need

to control, is given to Zero crossing detector, zero crossing detector generates delay for the

particular which decides for how much time Triac is on or off, accordingly the internal PWM

will drive the loads with the help of phase reference of AC cycle.

3.3 Data Flow Diagram of AMR & Control System:

3.3.1 Meter side



Fig 3.3.1: Meter side program flow

According to the hardware circuit design features, meter reading terminal program

flowchart was introduced as shown in figure 3.3.1. First the system initializes each module,

and then reads the meter reading regularly and stores them. When the receiving the

command, meter send the current status along with the energy consumption

3.3.2 Server side

Fig 3.3.2: Server side program flow

According to the hardware circuit design features, server side terminal program

flowchart was introduced as shown in figure 3.3.2. First the system initializes each module,

and then the server which send the reading request to the meter through GSM modem. When

the server receives the reading, it will store the data in the database and sends the

consumption to the user via sms.



3.4 System Design:

In fig.3.4 shows a complete set up of GSM based energy meter .Microcontroller

interfaced with GSM module and energy meter .Pulse and unit in energy meter are

continuously increment according to power consumption. For implementation of AMR a SIM

card is required for the GSM modem of energy meter .A Identification (ID) number allotted

according to SIM contact number. According to requirement of data electricity department

sent a message to particular energy meter. When microcontroller received a message its

respective port bit are high and an interrupt signal occur. Microcontroller starts to execute to

the interrupt service subroutine until it reaches last instruction of the subroutine. After

executing of RET instruction microcontroller return to main program that is increment of

pulse program. After Every one month data will be received by the electricity company

automatically and Electricity Company can be access the system at any time on request.

Fig 3.4 shows the Design of GSM based AMR & Control System



3.5 System Implementation

Fig: 3.5 Implementation of GSM based AMR & Control system

The complete system is made up of multiple GSM power meters installed in the city,

SMS gateway, Application Terminal, Database Server, Email Server, Printer and Web server.

The GSM power meter is working in conjunction with the GSM network to retrieve power

meter reading. The GSM power meter is a single phase digital kWh power meter which

utilizes the GSM network to send the power usage reading back to the energy provider

wirelessly upon request from the energy provider SMS gateway. The GSM Power Meter is

the integration of a single phase Class 1, IEC61036 standard compliance digital kWh power

meter and a GSM modem.

A SIM card with a unique special service number is require for the GSM power

meter to receive and to reply its meter reading to the energy provider using SMS. The special

service number SIM card is working similarly with mobile phone number except it is not

meant for voice service. The SIM card service number is also use to identify and retrieve the

owner or customer details from the database server for billing purposes. On the ICT side the

eBIS application software was installed in the application terminal where the energy provider

operator uses to perform meter reading routine in the monthly interval through the GSM

network. Upon meter reading execution the SMS gateway performs cell board casting of



request SMS to all GSM power meter to request for their meter reading. Once each individual

GSM power meter received the request SMS from the energy provider SMS gateway, they

will immediately response by composing its reading in six digits kWh unit and reply to the

energy provider SMS gateway by SMS. All the received SMSes will be stored in the SMS

gateway. Upon completion within a given period of time, the eBIS will start to sort the

received SMS according to the post code area based on the GSM power meter number. From

the sorted list it also look for any non reply GSM power meter due to SMS data packet loss

and compiled a list for second request. After second request is executed and if there is still no

reply, a field engineer will be sent to carryout field inspection on the particular faulty GSM

meter to rectify the problem. After the completion of the meter reading request the

application terminal will starts to retrieve the meter reading from the SMS gateway and to

store and update to the database server accordingly. From the database eBIS will starts to

calculate the billing amount for an individual meter base on the tariff rate from the energy

provider.

The billing notifications are sending to an individual owner through Email by the

Email Server, SMS to the owner through SMS gateway and hard copy printing through the

Print Server for postal mail for owner who prefer hard copy bill. A Web portal is setup at the

Web server to provide easy checking and pay online services. Once the owner received the

billing notification from SMS, Email or hard copy printing bill, the owner can access the web

portal and logon to check their billing detail since the web server is linked to the database

server. The owner can choose to pay their bill online using credit card as the web server is

connected to the e-commerce server that handles any banking transaction. The owner can

choose to pay their bill by cash at any of the energy provide outlet that have access to the

eBIS application terminal. The owner can use their mobile phone as well to retrieve their own

GSM power meter reading verification. This can be achieved by just sending a check SMS to

the owner GSM power meter number.

Once the GSM power meter receive the SMS it will then compose the current meter

reading and reply to the owner using SMS. With this the owner can also monitor their power

Usage anytime and anywhere. In the event if the consumer fail to make payment after the

payment date, the eBIS will send a power cut SMS to the particular GSM power meter to cut

off the power supply to the consumer at the same time also notified the consumer through

SMS that their power supply has been cut off due to no payment. Once payment has been

made, the eBIS will send a power restore SMS to the particular GSM power meter to restore

power supply to the consumer.



CHAPTER 4

FEATURES & APPLICATIONS

4.1 Features:

Provides user friendly remote energy meter monitoring.

Supports controlling of meter.

Can be controlled anywhere in the world.

Non-volatile memory based energy-reading storing.

Auto disconnect feature.

4.2 Comparison between Automatic Meter Reading System and

Conventional Metering System

Table 1 comparison between amr and conventional meter



4.3 Advantages of GSM based AMR

On Company Side:-

Smart automated processes instead of manual work.

Detection of tampering alerts from Meters.

Accurate measurement of transmission losses.

Streamlined high bill investigations.

E-Waste

scalability to handle any number of remote locations

Data transfer integrity and load tested for receiving data from multiple locations

Remotely connect/ Dis-connect power supply through meter.

On Consumer Side:-

Precise consumption information

Clear and accurate billing

Automatic outage information and faster recovery

Better and faster customer service

4.4 Dis-Advantages of GSM based AMR

GSM network’s Failures

Little Expansive to implement this system

GSM modem battery failures

4.5 Applications of GSM based AMR & Control system

Applications:

Electricity departments.

Household Energy meter monitoring.

Railway electrical systems.

Industrial Energy remote monitoring.

Remote controlling systems.



Table 2 list of technology choices available for different uses

Many of the Clients using GSM based AMR as shown below



Chapter 5

Result Analysis

Table 3 Analysis of cost in different aspects

Fig 5.1 AMR Business Case



Output

Fig 5.2: output analysis



Future Enhancement:

Fig Prepaid Metering System

Prepaid Metering System:- It is a computerized automatic charge collection system. GSM Service

provider is the first organization that has introduced the Prepaid Metering System for single

or 3-Phase power supply. Prepayment metering is simple and user friendly. Prepayment or

“pay as you go” has been accepted by the utilities worldwide as a way to improve customer

service, cash flow and the revenue cycle. It is altogether a new arena in India and is likely to

be important for revenue and energy management. This will benefit the State Electricity

Boards (SEBs), private utilities and the electricity consumers.



CONCLUSION

The development of GSM based energy meter demonstrates the concept and

implementation of new power metering system. GSM based AMR have low infrastructure

cost, low operating costs, more data security and less man power required. It not only solve

the problem of manual meter reading but also provide additional feature such as power

disconnect, power connect , power cut alert and tempering alert customer can also pay bill via

online login on authenticated web. Data base server can stored the current month data and

also all previous month data for future use. So it saves a lot amount of time and energy.



REFERENCES

[1] Md. Wasi- ur-Rahman, Mohammad Tanvir Rahman, Tareq Hasan Khan and “Design

of an Intelligent SMS Based Remote Metering System” Proceedings of the International

Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

Vol. 1 Issue 3, May – 2012 ISSN: 2278-0181 www.ijert.org 5 IEEE International

Conference on Information and Automation

[2] Tanvir Ahmed, Md Suzan Miah, Md. ManirulIslam And Md. Rakib Uddin

“Automatic Electric Meter Reading System:” Proceeding of the International Journal of

Engineering and Technology Volume 8 Issue 3 2011

[3] Wu Kehe Zhang Xiaoliang ; Wang Yuanhong ; Xu Yuhan ,

” Design and implementation of web services based GPRS automatic meter reading

system”,3rd international conference Aug 2001.

[4] Ll Li, Xiaoguang Hu, Jian Huang (2008), Research on the Architecture of AMR

Reading in Next Generation Network, The IEEE International Conference on Industrial

Informatics

Websiteswww.ijera.com

eeexplore.ieee.org

http://www.amr-ami-systems.com

http://ijarcet.org/index.php/ijarcet/article/view/148

http://www.edgefxkits.in/embedded/gsm-based-energy-meter-reading-with-load-control


http://www.edgefxkits.in/embedded/gsm-based-energy-meter-reading-with-load-control

http://ijarcet.org/index.php/ijarcet/article/view/148

http://www.amr-ami-systems.com/

http://www.ijera.com/

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