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Report on the State of the Environment of Macao 2017

42

4. Solid Waste

In 2017, Government of the

Macao SAR launched the

Macao Solid Waste Resources

Management Programme

(2017-2026)1 , which sets the

solid waste policies, specific

waste reduction targets and

action plans for Macao in the

coming decade, and promotes

the achievement of “waste

reduction at source and

resources recycling”. The

generation, treatment,

disposal and recycling of

solid waste in Macao in 2017

will be introduced in this

chapter.

Indicator for environmental analysis in this chapter

Generation, Treatment and Disposal of Solid Waste

Recycling of Solid Waste

1 Macao Solid Waste Resources Management Programme (2017-2026)

http://www.dspa.gov.mo/pdf/20171227_SolidWastesManagementPlan_TC.pdf

4.1 Generation, Treatmnt and Disposal of Solid

Waste

DPSIR Framework

Status

With the improvement of economy and the recovery of visitor arrivals, the

disposal quantity of municipal solid waste in Macao increased slightly in

2017, and the disposal quantity of municipal solid waste per capita also

continued to rise (see Figure 4.1 and Table 4.1). The major physical

composition of municipal solid waste are paper/cardboard, organic

substances and plastics (see Figure 4.2 and Table 4.3).

The increase in special and hazardous waste in 2017 was mainly due to

the rise in waste tyres and chemical waste by about 10% (see Figure 4.3

and Table 4.4).

The number of waste vehicles in 2017 was doubled due to reinforced

control of vehicles, phasing out of two-stroke motorcycles and the impact

of the typhoon. Except for the reduction in heavy vehicles, the number of

other types of waste vehicles increased significantly compared to 2016

(see Figure 4.6 and Table 4.6)

D Driving Forcess

P Pressures

S States

I Impacts R Responses

Resposta

http://www.dspa.gov.mo/StateReportHTML/2016/pdf/en/04.pdf

http://www.dspa.gov.mo/pdf/20171227_SolidWastesManagementPlan_TC.pdf


43

Status

It is noteworthy that in 2017, a variety of wastes including the quantities of

construction waste, sea mud, slag and fly ash decreased compared with

2016 (see Figure 4.4 and Table 4.5). In 2017, Government of the Macao

SAR completed the consultation on the Construction Waste Management

System of Macao as well as promoted the classification and waste

reduction at source of construction waste through different measures to

the construction sector in order to reduce the construction waste.

Meanwhile, the quantities of fly ash and slag also dropped with effective

measures such as reducing input of non-combustible materials to the

incinerator and controlling the heat of combustion of solid waste. It is

believed that the quantity of sea mud was reduced with the reduction of

large-scale construction works that require basement excavation.

In 2017, the solid waste generated by the electricity supply company

decreased significantly compared with 2016. The reduction of oily waste

is believed to be related to the optimized management, regular cleaning

of oily waste from the sludge tank, reduced proportion of fuel oil

generation of electricity and restoration of natural gas generation of

electricity (See Figure 4.5).

Trends

In the past decade, the disposal quantity of municipal solid waste in

Macao and the disposal quantity of municipal solid waste per capita were

on the rise.

In the past decade, the number of waste vehicles, except the doubling in

2017, remained relatively stable.

In the past decade, the solid waste generated by the electricity supply

company showed a downward trend.

Figure 4.1 Disposal quantity of municipal solid waste and disposal quantity of

municipal solid waste per capita in the past years

(Data source: DSPA, 2018) Notes: 1 The gray line is the trend line of disposal quantity of municipal solid waste.

2 The percentage in the figure is the variation between 2017 and 2016.


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Table 4.1 Numerical data and percentage increase/decrease in the disposal

quantity of municipal solid waste and disposal quantity of municipal

solid waste per capita between 2016 and 2017

2016 2017 Percentage

increase/decrease

Disposal quantity of municipal solid

waste per capita (kg)1 2.10r 2.16 +2.9%

Disposal quantity of municipal solid

waste (tonne)2 502,595r 510,702 +1.6%

(Data source: DSPA, 2018)

Notes: 1 Disposal quantity of municipal solid waste per capita = disposal quantity of municipal solid

waste ÷ (mid-year population × days of the year).

2 Municipal solid waste refers to the solid waste generated from daily life, commercial and

industrial activities; which includes domestic waste as well as commercial and industrial waste. r Revised figure.

Environmental knowledge

Table 4.2 Disposal quantity of municipal solid waste per capita in recent years

City/Region

Disposal quantity of

municipal solid waste per capita

(kg/capita‧ day)

Data source

Macao 2.161 Report on the State of the Environment of

Macao 2017, Macao

Singapore 1.492 Yearbook of Statistics Singapore, 2017,

Singapore

Hong Kong 1.413 Monitoring of Solid Waste in Hong Kong

2016, Hong Kong

Beijing 1.104 Beijing Statistical Yearbook 2017, Beijing

Guangzhou 0.984 Guangzhou Statistics Handbook (2017),

Guangzhou

Shanghai 0.714 National Bureau of Statistics of China -

National Data, China

Notes: 1 Data of 2017 is cited. Disposal quantity of municipal solid waste per capita = disposal quantity

of municipal solid waste ÷ (mid-year population × days of the year).

2 Data of 2016 is cited. Waste for disposal per capita = disposal quantity of waste (domestic

waste + non-domestic waste) ÷ (mid-year population × days of the year).

3 Data of 2016 is cited. Per capita disposal rates of municipal solid waste = disposal quantity of

municipal solid waste (daily average) ÷ mid-year population. Municipal solid waste includes

domestic waste, commercial waste and industrial waste.

4 Data of 2016 is cited. Daily mean quantity of domestic waste for removal per capita = removal

quantity of domestic waste ÷ [resident population (end-year) × days of the year].


45

Figure 4.2 Physical composition of municipal solid waste in the past years


Table 4.3 Physical composition of municipal solid waste between 2016 and

2017

2016 2017

Wood 3.1% 5.1%

Metals 2.9% 3.8%

Glass and rubble 3.6% 3.3%

Fabrics 3.9% 5.2%

Papper/cardboard 24.4% 29.7%

Plastics 21.0% 23.0%

Organic substances 38.5% 27.4%

Others 2.6% 2.6%


Figure 4.3 Quantity of special and hazardous waste transferred for treatment

in the past years (Data source: DSPA, 2018) Notes: 1 The gray line is the trend line..


Figure 4.4 Waste disposed in landfills in the past years (Data source: DSPA, 2018)

Notes: 1 The gray line is the trend line of construction waste.



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Figure 4.5 Solid waste generated by the electricity supply company in the

past years

(Data source: CEM, 2018)

Notes: 1 Data of 2014-2017 are estimated figures.

2 The gray line is the trend line.

Figure 4.6 Quantity of waste vehicles in the past years (Data source: DSAT, 2018)

Notes: 1 The gray line is the trend line of the total number of waste vehicles.


Table 4.4 Numerical data and percentage increase/decrease in the quantity of

special and hazardous waste between 2016 and 2017

(Unit: tonne) 2016 2017

Percentage

increase/

decrease

Special and hazardous waste 1 3,365r 3,751 +11.5%

(Data source: DSEC, 2018)

Notes: 1 Special and hazardous waste includes waste tyres, slaughterhouse waste, animal carcasses,

medical waste, oil residues, chemical waste and waste oil, etc. r Revised figure

Table 4.5 Numerical data and percentage increase/decrease of quantity of

construction waste, sea mud, slag and fly ash between 2016 and

2017

2016 2017

Percentage

increase/

decrease

Slag (tonne) 112,365 101,266 -9.9%

Construction waste ('000 m3) 3,165r 2,933 -7.3%

Among which: Sea mud ('000 m3) 1,965 1,408 -28.3%

Fly ash (tonne) 20,585 19,242 -6.5%


Notes: 1 Sea mud is a kind of excavation material generated in civil works. r Revised figure.


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Table 4.6 Numerical data and percentage increase/decrease of quantity of

waste vehicles between 2016 and 2017

(Unit: no.) 2016 2017

Percentage

increase/ decrease

Totel number of waste vehicles 12,856 26,224 +104.0%

• Heavy vehicles 331 322 -2.7%

• Semi-trailers 28 34 +21.4%

• Industrial machines 7 9 +28.6%

• Light vehicles 6,002 9,745 +62.4%

• Heavy motorcycles 3,838 7,403 +92.9%

• Light motorcycles 2,650 8,711 +228.7%

(Data source: DSAT, 2018)

4.2 Recycling of Solid Waste

DPSIR Framework

Status

In terms of recovery of recyclable waste, based on import/export statistics

of plastics, rubber, paper and metals reveals that recovery rate of

recyclable waste in 2017 slightly increased compared with 2016 (see

Figure 4.7). Meanwhile, in 2017, plastics collected through “EcoFun -

Waste Sorting can be Fun” Scheme of DSPA and “Waste Separation and

Recycling Programme” of IACM increased from 2016 but paper and

metals collected decreased slightly. Additionally, the glass bottle recovery

program was suspended since October 2017 owing to the typhoon.

Regarding electronic waste treatment, DSPA launched the “Computers

and Communication Equipments Recovery Programme” 1 in October

2017. By the end of 2017, 7,646 computers or communication

equipments had been recovered. Additionally, some equipments were in

conformity with requirements were donated to charities after treatment,

while the rest were dismantled and recycled.

1 Computers and Communication Equipments Recovery Programme

http://www.dspa.gov.mo/richtext3.aspx?a_id=1506045567

D Driving Forcess

P Pressures

S States

I Impacts R Responses

Resposta


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Status

Table 4.7 Types and quantity of computers or communication equipments recovered through the 2017 “Computers and Communication Equipments Recovery Program” (Unit: no.)

Desktop Laptop Cathode ray tube/

Liquid crystal display

Total

number

1,317 346 710

Printer Scanner Others1

261 43 4,969 7,646

(Data source: DSPA, 2018) Note: 1 Other items include: telephone, adapter, fan, optical disk drive, floppy disk drive, CPU, projector,

fax machine, pager, walkie-talkie, type-writer, camera, memory stick, mouse, keyboard,

loudspeaker, ink box or toner cartridge of printer.

In 2017, DSPA continued to establish about 900 collection points in

different districts of Macao through “Used Battery Collection Scheme”1

and collected 6,471 kg of used batteries, which were transported to

others regions to for resource processing in accordance with the

transboundary movement requirements of the Basel Convention.

1 Used Battery Collection Scheme http://www.dspa.gov.mo/richtext2.aspx?a_id=101411

Status

In 2017, DSPA and IACM jointly recovered about 237,860 kilograms of

food waste, which significantly increased compared with 2016. In fact, in

recent years, Government of the Macao SAR has continuously expanded

the recycling network of food waste and conducted various food waste

recycling schemes. Specifically, apart from the establishment of the first

on-site food waste treatment project for public housing at Seac Pai Van, a

food waste processor with daily capacity of 1,000 kg has been installed at

the Macao Refuse Incineration Plant, and promotion of recovery of food

waste has also been continued in large-scale food festivals in 2017.

Trends

In the past decade, varieties of recycled waste have continuously

increased, the recycling network expanded and the recovery quantity

increased. However, the overall growth of recovery rates of waste

resources according to the import/export statistics, such as plastics,

rubber, paper and metals were still gentle due to the large growth rate of

solid waste.

http://www.dspa.gov.mo/richtext2.aspx?a_id=101411


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Figure 4.7 Recovery rate of recyclable waste based on calculation of import

and export statistics in the past years


Notes: 1 It includes plastics, rubber, paper and metals.

2 As recyclable waste recovered in Macao is basically transported to the Mainland China and

other countries for recycling, the above calculation is made in accordance with import and

export statistics of DSEC including quantity of plastics, rubber, recovered (waste and scrap)

paper or paperboard and scrap metals.

3 The gray line is the trend line.


Table 4.8 Numerical data and percentage increase/decrease in the quantity of

recycled waste collected by DSPA and IACM between 2016 and 2017

(Unit: kg) 2016 2017

Percentage

increase/

decrease

Recycled plastics 1 248,693 278,932 +12.2%

Food waste 2 221,751r 237,860 +7.3%

Recycled paper 1 2,891,111 2,571,041 -11.1%

Recycled aluminum/iron cans 1 (no.) 1,262,893 1,100,943 -12.8%

Recycled metals 1 188,413 153,390 -18.6%

Recycled glass 3 660,217 491,480 -25.6%

Used batteries 4 831 6,471 Note5

(Data sources: DSPA, IACM, 2018)

Notes: 1 Recycled plastics, recycled paper, recycled aluminum/iron cans (number) and recycled metals:

Including recovery quantity in the “EcoFun-Waste Sorting can be Fun” scheme of DSPA and

that in the “Waste Separation and Recycling Programme” of IACM.

2 Food waste: Including food waste recovery quantity treated by the food waste demonstration

project and on-site treatment studies of DSPA and the food waste recovery plan of IACM.

3 Recycled glass: Recovery quantity collected through the glass bottle recovery program of

IACM, which has been suspended since October 2017 due to influence of the typhoon.

4 Used batteries: Used batteries collected through the “Used Battery Collection Scheme” of

DSPA, which started from the end of 2016.

5 As the “Used Battery Collection Scheme” started from the end of 2016, considering the data did

not cover the whole year and thus incomparable, the percentage increase/decrease is not

calculated. r Revised figure.


50

Generally speaking, the disposal quantity of municipal solid waste,

disposal quantity of municipal solid waste per capita, quantity of special and

hazardous waste and waste vehicles of Macao in 2017 increased from 2016

to varying degrees. The quantities of construction waste, sea mud, slag, fly

ash and solid waste generated by the electricity supply company decreased

by taking various waste reduction measures. In the meantime, the varieties

of recycled waste have continuously increased and the recycling network

expanded. In 2017, according to the import/export statistics, the recovery

rates of recyclable waste such as plastics, rubber, paper and metals also

increased slightly from 2016.

In the past decade, the disposal quantity of municipal solid waste of Macao

has continued to rise while the disposal quantity of municipal solid waste per

capita still remained high. It is suggested to make more efforts to promote

legislation and supporting infrastructures with respect to the Macao Solid

Waste Resources Management Programme (2017-2026), continue to

strengthen “Waste reduction at source and resources recycling”, to promote

“Polluters pays principle” such as plastic shopping bag levy scheme,

construction waste management policy, municipal solid waste levy scheme

as well as special and hazardous waste management and levy scheme

through policies, economic incentives and control measures. Besides, it is

suggested to expand the recycling network, launch recovery equipment

subsidy program and food waste recycling pilot scheme, optimize resources

recovery facilities and environmental protection infrastructures, strengthen

publicity and education of waste reduction and green consumption as well as

promote reduction and recycling of various wastes through closer regional

cooperation so as to promote effective utilization of resources.

= “Good” = “Equal” or “Similar” = “Bad”

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