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REPORT ON THE

First International Conference

on Coastal Conservation and Management

in the Atlantic and Mediterranean

April 17-20, 2005

Hotel Vila Galé Tavira, Tavira, Portugal

ICCCM’05 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COASTAL CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT

IN THE ATLANTIC AND MEDITERRANEAN Tavira – Algarve, Portugal April 17-20, 2005

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ICCCM’05 Final Report

Project part-funded by the European Union

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE:

Alexandra Sena, CCDR Algarve, Portugal

Óscar Ferreira, University of Algarve, Portugal

Paula Noronha, Institute of Nature Conservation, PNRF, Portugal

Fernando Veloso Gomes, IHRH/FEUP, University of Porto, Portugal

Francisco Taveira Pinto, IHRH/FEUP, University of Porto, Portugal

Filomena Correia, Faro Municipality, Portugal

Luciana das Neves, IHRH/FEUP, University of Porto, Portugal

SCIENTIFIC AND INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE:

Fernando Veloso Gomes, IHRH/FEUP, University of Porto, Portugal

Francisco Taveira Pinto, IHRH/FEUP, University of Porto, Portugal

Giovanni Randazzo, University of Messina, Italy

Kathy Belpaeme, Center for Integrated Coastal Zone Management, Belgium

Roland Paskoff, University of Lyon, France

Pat Doody, EUCC, United Kingdom

Gregorio Iglesias, University of Coruña, Spain

Kazimierz Furmanczyk, University of Szczecin, Poland

Juan Luis Suarez de Vivero, University of Seville, Spain

Albert Salman, EUCC - The Coastal Union, The Netherlands

Andrew Cooper, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Paolo Ciavola, University of Ferrara, Italy

Gerald Schernewsky, Baltic Sea Research Institute, Germany

Sebastião Braz Teixeira, CCDR Algarve, Portugal



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SPONSORED BY

Hydraulics and Water Resources Institute (IHRH/FEUP)

EUCC – The Coastal Union

Algarve’s Coordination Commission of Regional Development (CCDR)

Institute of Water (INAG)

Tavira Municipality

Sea Institute (IMAR)

Algarve’s Municipalities Association (AMAL)

Ports and Maritime Transports Institute (IPTM)

Algarve Tourism Office

Institute for Nature Conservation (ICN)

Ria Formosa Natural Park (PNRF)

Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)

Eurocoast-Portugal Association (AEP)

Water Resources Portuguese Association (APRH)

International Association for Hydraulics Research

Luso-American Foundation

Abreu Agency

CoPraNet, INTERREG IIIC programme of the European Community

Centre for Marine Research (CIMA)

Algarve’s Operational Programme (PROAlgarve)



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CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS

ICCCM’05 has brought together in Tavira over 200 participants from 22 different countries

(Table 1) all over the Atlantic and Mediterranean and with several different backgrounds.

Table 1 – Number of participants by country.

COUNTRIES NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS

Albania 1

Belgium 2

Brazil 12

Croatia 3

Denmark 1

France 9

Germany 4

Ghana 1

Greece 3

Italy 16

Lithuania 2

Nigeria 2

Poland 1

Portugal 94

Slovenia 1

Spain 28

Sweden 1

The Netherlands 8

Tunisia 1

Turkey 1

UK 14

USA 12

Names, affiliation and countries of all ICCCM’05 delegates are listed in Annex A – List of

Participants.



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Opening Ceremony

Eng. Macário Correia, President of the Association of the Municipalities of Algarve and

of the Municipality of Tavira

Eng. Campos Correia, President of CCDR Algarve

Eng. Paulo Silva, PNRF

Dr. João Menezes, ICN

Dr. Alexandra Sena, Member of the Organizing Committee

Prof. Óscar Ferreira, Member of the Organizing Committee

Prof. Veloso Gomes, Member of the Organizing Committee

Prof. Francisco Taveira Pinto, Member of the Organizing Committee

Invited Speakers

Biliana Cicin-Sain, University of Delaware, USA

Ivica Trumbic, United Nations Environment Programme, Croatia

Charles Finkl, Coastal Educational Research Foundation, University of Florida, USA

Maria do Rosário Partidário, New University of Lisbon, Portugal

Juan Luis Vivero, University of Seville, Spain

João Albino Silva, University of Algarve, Portugal

Pat Doody, UK

Tim Stojanovic, Cardiff University, UK

Post-Conference Short Course

Tomás B. Ramos, University of Algarve, Portugal

Fátima Navas, Junta de Andalucía, Spain

Cliver Gilbert, Coastlink, UK



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CONFERENCE SUB-THEMES

Key topics to each conference sub-themes were:

1. Strategic Environmental Assessment in Coastal Areas

- Assessment, best practices and case study reports

- Methods and techniques

- Indicators of sustainable development

- Other indicators (governmental actions, ecological indicators)

2. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)

- Integrated approaches on estuaries and adjacent coastal zones

- Integrated coastal interventions and soft protection measures

- Governing and Governance

- Socio-Economic costs and benefits of ICZM

3. The Sea

- Coastal Laws, their application and associated problems

- Sea and coastal pollution

- Transport and coastal pollution

- Civil protection

4. Living with Erosion

- Erosion versus land use (studies and conflicts)

- Sedimentary budgets and coastline evolution

- Storms and consequences

- Coastal erosion indicators



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5. Tourism and Coastal Conservation

- Tourism and Natural Areas

- Tourism and Coastal Hazards

- Good practices for tourism on coastal zones

- Defining, measuring and evaluating the carrying capacity of Tourism

- Towards quality of coastal tourism



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ABSTRACT

This multi-disciplinary international conference was convened as a forum for scientists, engineers,

planners and managers to discuss recent or new advances in the scientific, technical, social and

economic understanding of environmental issues concerned coastal processes.

The conference has included an interesting and varied programme, including three field trips to

the diverse and scenic coastal environment of the Algarve region. International experts have

offered a post-conference short course on coastal development indicators to 23 participants.

Other purposes of ICCCM’05 concerned promoting an international exchange of knowledge

between researchers, managers and technicians working in coastal conservation and

management, in the Atlantic and Mediterranean. The Conference also aimed at sharing

experiences and developing contacts and networking possibilities, which in turn could result in a

broad integrated network of coastal practitioners.

It is anticipated that a second International conference dealing with coastal conservation and

management will follow in 2007.

This report summarizes topics in discussion and conference programme contents within an

Executive Summary and ends with an Outlook.



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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Coastal zones offer favourable conditions for economic growth and therefore attract many

activities. These very often imply pressures on the natural areas, which in turn can cause specific

environmental issues. An increased human development on the coastal zones carries the risk of a

substantial reduction of its important ecological functions and even their complete and irreversible

destruction, in some areas.

Recently developed projects dealing with coastal conservation, integrated coastal zone

management, sustainable coastal development and other related issues were presented at the

conference as did current networking opportunities for coastal practitioners and recent guidelines,

recommendations and concepts that arose from World Summits, EU research and innovation

development activities, among others.

The structure of ICCCM’05, 3 plenary sessions, 5 parallel ones, 3 workshops, 3 field trips and one

post-conference short course, has facilitated not only the presentation of recent and ongoing

projects, but also the debate of relevant issues concerned coastal conservation and management

and the opportunities to gather feedback from practitioners. List of presentations in the plenary

and parallel sessions is available in Annex B.

A very positive feature of this conference was its capacity to attract delegates from diverse fields

of coastal sciences allowing the debate between groups with different views. Different concepts

arose, as did varied issues and concerns about the optimal development and practice of coastal

conservation and management in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.

Another important feature were the keynote lectures given by world specialists. Several key

points emerged from these (learn more about these keynote lectures on the ICCCM’05 Book of

Abstracts).

New Trends on Coastal zone Management and Conservation: An International Perspective,

Prof. Dr. Biliana Cicin-Sain, University of Delaware, USA

In coastal management, important needs include:

1) scaling up of programs to encompass larger parts (and ultimately, all) of the coastal zones;

2) codifying lessons learned over 30 years of coastal management and moving toward international certification; and

3) establishing better systems of indicators (environmental, socio-economic, and governance indicators) to measure the performance of coastal management programs.

In national ocean management, there is especially a need to bring together and begin to codify emerging international practice in integrated oceans policy, building on the experience of more than 20 nations and 3 regions of the world which have made specific strides toward integrated ocean policy.



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In many nations, especially SIDS countries, there is an urgent need to delimit EEZ and continental shelf areas.

In most nations, there is a need and opportunity to incorporate networks of marine protected areas within broader EEZ governance regimes. Policy frameworks, too, need to be set up for new uses of the EEZ, such as offshore windfarming and offshore aquaculture.

Mediterranean Protocol on Integrated Coastal Management: Prospects and Challenges,

Dr. Ivica Trumbic, United Nations Environment Programme, Croatia

No regional sea in the world has such a large number of regional protocols nor has yet adopted a protocol on integrated coastal management. A protocol on integrated and sustainable coastal area management in the Mediterranean is now a necessity and the time has come to apply it. In that respect, the Mediterranean region is once again proving to be a spearhead and a world leader in regional management of sustainable development.

The protocol on ICAM should be as detailed as possible to establish the legal framework for the methodological requirements of integrated management for the complex sea-land area. It should, at the same time, accept the realities and emerge from the current political, socio-economic and environmental context in the Mediterranean. It must be carefully drafted to take into account the existing Conventions and protocols, assessments of the different initiatives, and national legislation. The content of the protocol may be more or less flexible, while remaining binding. Nonetheless, the content must be substantial enough to allow concrete application and to stimulate the Parties and all social and economic stakeholders.

Threats and Obstacles to Coastal Conservation and Management: Examples from Florida

and Other Developed Coastal Regions, Prof. Charles Finkl, Coastal Educational Research

Foundation, University of Florida, USA

In order to avoid unwanted effects of popular backlashes, unintegrous management procedures must be replaced by increased levels of awareness and new paradigms. Recontextualization of environmental management paradigms, which involves a new kit of tools that are required to achieve truly sustainable development, features the recognition that environmental improvement (subsequent to degradation by human action) is a market instead of a cost.

New approaches that will be brought about by changes in attitude will provide a new basis for cooperation, collaboration, and collegiality in sustainable development by creating property rights, environmental insurance programs, empowerment of stakeholders, etc. Application of strategic environmental assessment must recognize the socio-economic consequences of strategic decisions along with opportunities for participation and conflict resolution. In a word, we need to transform the existing regulatory culture from one focused on resource protection to one of giving priority to accommodating the users of natural resources where the public replaces the permit application as ‘customer.’

Strategic Environmental Assessment of coastal planning and programme development in

Europe, Prof.Rosário Partidário, New University of Lisbon, Portugal

Some countries have developed approaches to SEA and coastal planning, often (1) linked to ICZM (Integrated Coastal Zoning Management) or (2) directly addressing planning proposals for coastal planning and development. The EU in particular has been promoting the (3) use of SEA notably in the context or coastal erosion (European Commission, 2004).

The above paragraph indicates three ways in which SEA is being used:

(a) linked to other sectoral planning and strategic management instruments to facilitate and assist planning processes, particularly in devising options for development



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(b) as an impact assessment instrument addressing proposals as they become formulated and before decision is taken

(c) as an environmental policy instrument through which certain environmental problems get deserved attention and can be addressed in a wider range of policy and planning sectors

In the case of coastal areas the EC (2004) exposes 8 principles in formulating national strategies for integrated coastal zone management (ICZM):

(1) A broad overall perspective

(2) A long-term perspective

(3) Adaptive management

(4) Local specificity

(5) Working with natural processes

(6) Involving al the parties concerned

(7) Support and involvement of relevant administrative decision levels

(8) Using a combination of instruments

These clearly expose the more political, governance driven character of SEA, as opposed to the technical, project oriented nature, that characterizes environmental impact assessment (EIA). This may also be the difference between using SEA for its benefits as a strategic facilitator of sustainability processes, as opposed to applying SEA to ensure legal compliance with environmental requirements (Partidário, forthcoming).

The Sea: Coastal Laws. Their Application and Associated Problems, Juan Luis Vivero,

University of Seville, Spain

Coastal legislation can be seen to be incapable of bringing the processes of coastal and marine degradation to a halt in the face of the momentum and dynamism shown by economic activities that entail the intensive exploitation of coastal areas and their resources. Perhaps the explanation can be found in structural inadequacies of coastal legislation which mean that it cannot deal with the forceful local and regional interests that satisfy short-term needs for local development whilst simultaneously providing substantial profits for key sectors, such as tourism, intensive agriculture, aquaculture, second homes and the building industry.

Along with the political factor, the failure of, and crisis in, public policies in the sustainable development of coastal zones are related to the legal peculiarities of the maritime domain, characterised by the fact that these constitute a borderland, an interphase where the public and the private come together, with difficulties for the legal definition of ownership of property rights, and for the distribution of powers and responsibilities between the different levels of administration. In the same way, as a frontier area, the coastal and marine medium is immersed in a continuous process of jurisdictional expansion that tends to erode what is free and common in order to privatise and nationalise it.

The crisis in public policies and the failure to adapt legislation to the new functions and economic realities of the coastal-marine area can be overcome through initiatives of an eminently political nature which would invert the economic policy-land management relationship and come to terms with the failure of trying to rationalize economic activity through the instruments of land and town-planning management. The new relationship would have a more pragmatic nature, and its point of departure would be the formulation of an economic policy which from the outset has the objective of sustainability at its very core.

Tourism and Coastal Conservation, Prof. João Albino Silva, University of Algarve, Portugal

The proposed model holds to this undeniable principle of sustainability, so fundamental in a coastal tourism destination, but seeks to conciliate the applicability of that principle with the conditions of the local economy, as tourism is considered to be the main



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activity. It’s about making a balanced use of the resources that are the productive base of tourism, allowing the rebirth and maintenance of local economies based in tourism, and, at the same time, in founding product responses to the present and potential clients of those resources, as the only way to assume the economic and social sustainability of the destinations.

That balance can only be reached by adopting the nuclear idea that tourism destinations have to be guided, coordinated and managed by introducing institutional coordination mechanisms of the stakeholders involved in the transformation process of the destination, as the only way of assuring environmental, economic and social sustainability.

Coastal Conservation and Management, Pat Doody, UK

In this wider context it is also argued that by adopting a more flexible approach to habitat and species protection, new and more innovative solutions to coastal conservation will be recognized. These will be built on:

(1) A better understanding of the geomorphology of the coast and its relationship with the catchment and nearshore marine environment;

(2) Recognition of the value of coastal habitats, not just for wildlife but also other environmental and socio-economic interests;

(3) Acceptance that change can help heal degraded coastal systems.

This wider perspective provides opportunities for a much more dynamic approach to coastal conservation. In this context Restoration must be added to the suite of actions associated with the Conservation and Management of coastal assets. Here the values attached to any one stage in the development of a coastal ecosystem (or habitat) change depending on the nature of the issue being addressed. The presentation will explore how changes to the system are achieved and the trade off in terms of inherent values of adopting such an approach.

Science-Based Management of Seaport Activities and Projects in Protected Areas: Findings

from ECOPORTS EU Research Project, Tim Stojanovic, Cardiff University, UK

The response of ports to the conservation imperative remains varied, with a number of major port developments contested on nature conservation grounds, yet more proactive ports even introducing conservation initiatives such as bird roosts or otter steps.

The ECOPORTS environmental research programme highlights the opportunities for the (otherwise highly competitive) port sector to collaborate in sharing knowledge and avoiding double work. Self-regulation by ports is important because in the concept of sustainable development, ports themselves most develop the capacity (including training) to internalise their environmental issues.

In some cases, the Schemes of Management for Natura 2000 sites have struggled engage stakeholders, or to express nature conservation aims within the prescribed goals of port managers- to optimise transport, terminal and port planning systems. The ECOPORTS project has provided a start to create a ‘level playing field’ in which green ports are not disadvantaged by their efforts. Ports have a strong preference for practical, non-bureaucratic solutions to environmental issues.

Three workshops were held at ICCCM’05: Data Harmonisation and Integration for Coastal/Marine

Stakeholders; Tourism and Coastal Conservation; and Coastal Practice Network - The Network

Expansion (Annex C – Workshops Agenda). All, but especially these later, allow to probe and

debate emerging issues, to learn people’s opinions and to gather feedback from practitioners.

Other specific outcomes that should be sought through each of the workshops were as follows:



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Data Harmonisation and Integration for Coastal/Marine Stakeholders: to educate

participants in data harmonisation and integration technologies and techniques and to gain

their active support for the MOTIIVE and RISE projects and objectives. Main goals

achieved were to further disseminate MOTIIVE and RISE projects and to explore the

knowledge and the gaps of participants in issues concerned data harmonisation and

integration technologies and techniques.

Tourism and Coastal Conservation: the structure of this workshop was based upon the

presentation of a set of three case studies in Algarve, abstracts are presented bellow,

followed by discussion periods, on which it was possible to learn how participants felt

about tourism and coastal conservation issues while professionals and/or citizens and to

debate contentious matters (e.g. whether its sustainable or fair to have golf courses in

some areas).

Abstracts

TOURISM GOLF SCENARIOS THE ALGARVE CASE

Sport tourism, in particular golf, is an emerging form of tourism. This is the case of the Algarve region where golf has great economic, social and environment impacts. As this new form of tourism proves to be very profitable the supply rises over the demand. This paper presents a sustainability assessment framework developed for the Algarve’s golf courses. This framework was used for the definition and evaluation of three alternative development scenarios and their associated impacts. It was concluded that the development of further golf activity in the Algarve should be framed within high service and environmental quality standards. The sustainability area for golf course development should vary between 29 and 41 golf courses.

TOURISM IN PROTECTED AREAS: A HYPOTHETICAL APPLICATION OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL TAX AT PARQUE NACIONAL DA RIA FORMOSA (ALGARVE / PORTUGAL)

The study is based on the interactions between nature conservation and recreational uses inside Ria Formosa Natural Park, a sand island at the south of Portugal. The contingent valuation method is applied to evaluate the willingness to pay of the recreational users, under a scenario in which a certain amount must be aggregate to promote a nature conservation intervention on the territory. Knowing the total number of visits and the aggregate consumer surplus, the paper quantifies and suggests an application of an environmental tax by visit, and promotes the confront of this option with a second one based on the restrict application of the physical capacity of charge.

TOURISM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A LOCAL ANALISYS LOULÉ CASE STUDY

Sustainable Development implies the challenge of creating the required conditions to meet the evolved people’s needs at the current and future time. The main purpose of this paper is to make Sustainable Development to become operative, being Loulé municipality - one of the most representative tourism municipalities in the Algarve Region - its target study.

From the decision maker’s awareness to the creation of political opportunities for sustainable development, there is a big gap which is needed to be evaluated in order to reduce, or if possible, overcome it, in the near future. In this context, we argue that the systemic approach and is inherent modelling system form the fundamental basis for the decision-making process aiming the Sustainable Development.



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Coastal Practice Network - The Network Expansion: to disseminate the CoPraNet work and

to reinforce the ongoing initiatives for its expansion, especially in Portugal. In parallel

there were presentations on coastal management, public participation, climate change and

sustainable tourism, among others. These presentations inevitably launch a debate from

which arise interesting views and ideas on how to attract as much institutions as possible

into this network expansion process.

Outstanding results of CoPraNet workshop

A variety of issues have been presented and discussed ranging from coastal management and public participation in Germany, examples of implementation of measures for sustainable beach management in the region of Algarve (Portugal), an Irish initiative to implement a national coastal practice network and the theme of climate change and coastal tourism development.

Participants had the opportunity to informally discuss and improve their knowledge on how network partners and potential associated partners are dealing with these issues and above all how can they participate and join efforts to enlarge the network. It has been recognized that different European regions and municipalities are dealing with the same problems, adopting different measures and solutions, and how helpful is to learn from each other experiences. This has been highlighted by the case presented by the Regional Authority of Algarve, in terms of experiences about sustainable beach pavilions management. This thematic has been recently under the network attention during a workshop held in March in the Municipality of Zandvoort, the Netherlands.

In terms of national, regional and local level of networking, CoPraNet partners shared their views about the improvements within their region and area of influence since the start of the coastal practice network. Communication and understanding has considerably improved in their working relationships, as Sefton County Council and Down District Council have expressed it.

The participants will all kept informed of the developments of the coastal practice network and the activities of associated partners.

Another also important feature of the ICCCM’05, were the field trips. During one-afternoon,

conference participants had the chance to get an insight view of some areas in the coastal region

of Algarve. Three field trips were made.

One of the field trips was made to observe and debate the coastal management problems along a

part of the cliffed coast of Algarve (from Albufeira to Vale do Lobo, Figure 1). Some of the most

important tourism resorts from Algarve are located at this coastal sector, which is facing a general

retreat trend. Average shoreline retreat rates range from few centimetres per year to more than

3m/yr, depending on factors such as cliff lithology, exposure to wave incidence and location in

relation to jetties or groins. Human occupation is therefore threatened at several places and

coastal management actions (e.g. beach nourishment, cliff cementation) have been taken in the

past when problems were observed. The field trip stops showed the most important examples of

shoreline retreat and/or management problems at this coastal sector.



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Another field trip was done by boat to the Ria Formosa lagoon system and Terra Estreita beach.

Main goals of this trip were to observe the natural hydrodynamics of the system and the

undertaken counter-measures of dune preservation and restoration (Figure 2).

Finally, the third visit was to the Interpretative Centre of the Natural Reserve of the Coastal

Wetland of Castro Marim and Vila Real de Santo António allowing bird watching and habitats

observation (Figure 3).

Figure 1. Field Trip 1 – Coastal Erosion and Management at the Cliffed Coast of Algarve.

Figure 2. Field Trip 2 – Visit to Ria Formosa Lagoon – Ria Formosa Natural Park.

Figure 3. Field Trip 3 – Castro Marim Wetlands and Adjacent Coastal Zone.



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SHORT COURSE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS IN COASTAL AREAS

After the conference, on the 21st of April, 23 persons had the opportunity to participate in the

Short Course on “Sustainable Development Indicators in Coastal Areas”. The course programme

was divided into three modules (Annex D – Short Course Content): Introduction and

Methodologies; A GIS-Based Set of Indicators for the Environmental Monitoring of the Coastal

Zone of Andalucía; and Making the Coast Visible – the development and implementation of a

Europe-wide set of sustainability indicators.

The purpose of the first module was to provide a view on the evolution and concepts behind the

different sustainable development indicators, notably paradigm shifts, changes in the use and

implementation of indicators at the different levels (international, national, regional and local) and

future developments.

In the second module, ‘A GIS-Based Set of Indicators for the Environmental Monitoring of the

Coastal Zone of Andalucía’, a system developed for the coast of Andalusia, in the south of Spain,

using geographical information technologies was presented. This system, developed in the scope

of a partnership between the University of Seville and the Environmental Department from the

Regional Government of Andalusia, aims at providing a flexible user-friendly tool for coastal

management and monitoring fed with relevant aggregated information for better planning

decisions.

Finally, the third module was exclusively devoted to the analysis of the guidelines and

recommendations of the EU in this field, notably the ones resulting from the EU Demonstration

Programme on ICZM and the EU Working Group on Indicators and Data. Future developments and

prospects of future partnerships were also discussed.



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QUESTIONNAIRE TO PARTICIPANTS

After the conference, participants were requested to assess the suitability of the format, dates and

venue of ICCCM’05, as well as the success of this initiative and the relevance of creating a series

of similar events, by means of a questionnaire.

Bellow are the aggregated results of those questionnaires. It is important to note that, the

majority of those answering the questionnaire, found the length, dates and venue of the

conference adequate, as did in general the format and the relevance of the topics discussed.

Also to note that almost 90% of those answering the questionnaire expressed their content and

their will to participate in forthcoming ICCCM conference and that, for about 30% of them, their

coming to ICCCM’05 has resulted in the impossibility of going to other conferences this year.

On matters of the topics in discussion, 25% mentioned that they would prefer ICCCM’05 to focus

more on narrowly defined issues, notably on the implementation of ICZM, examples of coastal

management and conservation best practices, coastal erosion, sustainable tourism and climate

change.

Question: Do you like the length of this conference? Question: Do you like the format of the Conference?

94%

3% 3%

It is just fine It is too short NA

54%

17%

17%

2%10%

Just fineToo many parallel sessionsNot enough time for discussionsNeed more workshops, earlyToo many workshops, not enough plenary sessions

Question: Do you like the bandwidth of issues covered by this conference?

Question: Does the decision to attend this conference prevent you from attending another

conference this year?

75%

25%

I like that the conference has a broad bandwidth of topics

I would prefer this event to focus on one or two morenarrowly defined issues

30%

63%

7%

Yes No NA



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Question: Do you think this is a good time of the year to have such a conference? Question: Do you like this type of place?

95%

3% 2%

Yes No NA

94%

6%

Yes No

Question: Would you be interested in attending another conference of this type every second year?

88%

5% 2% 5%

Yes No Yes, alternate with Littoral NA



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OUTLOOK

A prime goal of CoPraNet is to greatly expand the current network to realize the European

Commission’s aim to have a full Coastal Practitioners Network that could be self-supporting by the

end of the CoPraNet project. In this sense, ICCCM’05 provided extremely worthwhile networking

possibilities that have already resulted in the submission of three proposals for international

exchange and co-operation and will certainly result in furthermore.

Moreover, the workshop CoPraNet – The Network Expansion, has also provided an excellent

opportunity to present current project network and to encourage and invite the Institutions to

enter the network as Associated Partners. In particular, this event was especially relevant to

expand further the CoPraNet in Portugal.

The conference offered also an excellent opportunity to communicate and learn relevant

information about coastal conservation and management related issues, particularly on the topics

in discussion. From the presentations several key topics arose, notably that:

the incorporation of coastal erosion issues into project specific Environmental Impact

Assessment, at an appropriate strategic level, is lacking;

coastal management important needs include: 1) scaling up of programs to encompass

larger parts (and ultimately, all) of the coastal zones; 2) codifying lessons learned over 30

years of coastal management and moving toward international certification; and 3)

establishing better systems of indicators (environmental, socio-economic, and governance

indicators) to measure the performance of coastal management programs;

innovative tools and technologies, such as geographic information technologies, are

envisaged to enhance significantly the approaches to coastal conservation and

management;

more strategic and proactive approaches to coastal erosion are needed for the sustainable

development of vulnerable coastal zones and the conservation of coastal biodiversity.

Finally, it is anticipated that a second International conference dealing with coastal conservation

and management will follow in 2007, on which will be possible to better evaluate and assess the

success of this initiative, especially in terms of networking opportunities.

ANNEX A

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

ANNEX B

LIST OF PRESENTATIONS

* Programme subject to amendment, please check all information during the conference ** All chair persons have been invited and may be subjected to change

KEYNOTE PRESENTATIONS Monday, April 18, 2005 | 10:00 - 12:00 | Plenary I

Room Infante Santo Chairperson: Fernando Veloso Gomes and Francisco Taveira Pinto (IHRH/FEUP, Portugal)

Page 3 New Trends and Challenges in Coastal and Ocean/Sea Management and Conservation: An International Perspective

Biliana Cicin-Sain

Page 7 Mediterranean Protocol on Integrated Coastal Management: Prospects and Challenges

Ivica Trumbic

Page 13 Strategic Environmental Assessment of Coastal Planning and Programme Development in Europe

Maria do Rosário Partidário

Tuesday, April 19, 2005 | 10:45 -12:30 | Plenary II

Room Infante Santo Chairperson: Óscar Ferreira (University of Algarve, Portugal)

Page 11 Threats, Obstacles and Barriers to Coastal Environmental Conservation: Societal Perceptions and Managerial Positionalities that Defeat Sustainable Development

Charles Finkl & Craig Kruempel

Page 23 Coastal Conservation, Management and Restoration

Pat Doody

Page 21 Integrated Management and Sustainability of Coastal Tourism Destinations: A Model of Diagnosis

João Albino Silva; Júlio da Costa Mendes & Adão Flores

Wednesday, April 20, 2005 | 14:00 -15:00 | Plenary III

Room Infante Santo Chairperson: Alexandra Sena (CCDR Algarve, Portugal)

Page 17 The Sea: Coastal Laws. Their Application and Associated Problems

Juan Suárez de Vivero

Page 25 Science-Based Management of Seaport Activities and Projects in Protected Areas: Findings from ECOPORTS EU Research Project

T.A. Stojanovic; C.F. Wooldridge & H. Ormerod-Smith


ORAL PRESENTATIONS Monday, April 18, 2005 | 14:00 - 15:30 | Parallel Sessions A

Room Alcácer Quibir Sub-Theme 1: Strategic Environmental Assessment in Coastal Areas

Chairperson: Maria do Rosário Partidário (New University of Lisbon, Portugal)

[14:00] Page 33 Coastal GIS for Conservation and Management

Françoise Gourmelon & Iwan LeBerre

[14:20] Page 35 Coastal Management in Azores. Indicators Checklist for Monitoring Program

Andrea Botelho; Ana Costa; Helena Calado & João Porteiro

[14:40] Page 39 Strategical Environmental Assessment for Coastal Zone Management

Helena Calado; Joana Cadete & João Porteiro

[15:10] Page 43 Littoral Management Including Sustainability and Quality of Life

Juan M. Santiago & Miguel A. Losada João Figueira de Sousa & Maria João Martins

Room Dom Sebastião Sub-Theme 2: Integrated Coastal Zone Management

Chairperson: Biliana Cicin-Sain (University of Delaware, USA)

[14:00] Page 77 Integrated Coastal Zone Management: Experiences from The Netherlands

F.A. van Kouwen; Carel Dieperink; Martin Wassen & Paul Schot

[14:20] Page 81 Towards Integrated Coastal Zone Management of Banda Aceh Beach: Description of the Coastal System

Ella Meilianda; Marjolein Dohmen-Janssen; Suzanne Hulscher & Jan Mulder

[14:40] Page 89 Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) and Marine & Coastal Protected Areas (MCPAS). Examing Coastal Governance & Networks in Wales, UK

Evangelia Moutselou

Room Infante Santo Sub-Theme 4: Living With Erosion

Chairperson: Andrew Cooper (University of Ulster, Northern Ireland)

[14:00] Page 157 Oceanfront Shoreline Changes Associated with a Locationally Stable Inlet System: Rich Inlet, North Carolina, USA

William Cleary; Chester Jackson & Adam Knierim

[14:20] Page 159 The Ebro Delta: New Chances for Erosion Management

Jordi Serra; Carlota Montori; Oriol Gelizo & Elisabet Roca

[14:40] Page 161 Beach Sand Loss from Headland-Embayment Systems: Multifarious Causes and Human Response Options

Andrew Cooper

[15:10] Page 165 Microscale to Mesoscale Controls on Aeolian Sediment Transport from Beach to Foredunes

Derek W.T. Jackson; Kevin Lynch & Andrew Cooper


Monday, April 18, 2005 | 16:00 - 17:30 | Parallel Sessions B


Chairperson: Francisco Andrade (Marine Laboratory of Guia, Portugal)

[16:00] Page 47 Environmental Risk Assessment - A Current Synopsis of the Cardiff Bay Barrage, Wales, UK

Allan T. Williams & Michael R. Phillips

[16:20] Page 51 Environmental Assessment in the Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia, Brazil

A.L.R. Wagener; U. Lima; C. Hamacher; J.A.A. Lacerda; A.L. Scofield; S. Camargo; D. Reitermajer; N. Miekeley; R. Campos & J.M. Godoy

[16:40] Page 53 Environmental Indicators for Beach Management: Case Study in the Canary Islands

Cristina Ana Pérez Alemán; Yaiza Fernández-Palacios Vallejo; S. Pérez-Santana; N. Cárdenes; M. González; J.J. Hernández Brito & R.J. Haroun

[17:00] Page 55 Strategic Environmental Assessment in Tróia (Portugal)

Francisco Andrade; M. Adelaide Ferreira; Nuno Gomes; João Joanaz de Melo; Pedro Leitão & Manuel João Pinto


Chairperson: Ivica Trumbic (UN Environmental Programme, Croatia)

[16:00] Page 91 Integrated Coastal Zone Management: Towards an Atlantic Vision to an Integrated and Sustainable Management of the Natural and Environmental Coastal Resources

João Figueira de Sousa & Maria João Martins

[16:20] Page 93 Coastal Management and Protection Between Local Culture and Community Politic

Céline Chadenas & Claire Choblet

[16:40] Page 99 Long-Term Management Strategies for Integrating Natural Resource Conservation and Shoreline Protection

Jeffrey Zappieri

[17:00] Page 101 The Coastal Zone of Egypt, Environmental Issues, Management and Capacity Building

Randa M. Hassan


Chairperson: Fernando Veloso Gomes (IHRH/FEUP, Portugal)

[16:00] Page 169 Beach and Dune Erosion: The Concept in Three Dimensions and its Measurement. Case Study of Reducing Sand Cover Over Buried Large-Diameter Oil and Gas Pipelines in North-East Scotland

William Ritchie

[16:20] Page 173 Analysis of the Portuguese West Coast Morphology and Morphodynamics Correlation. A GIS Tool for Coastal Erosion Management

Joaquim Pais Barbosa; Fernando Veloso Gomes & Francisco Taveira Pinto

[16:40] Page 175 Geotextile Containers – Successful Solutions Against Beach Erosion and Scour Problems under Hydrodynamic Loads

Burkard Lenze & Jörg Klompmaker

[17:00] Page 177 Australian & German Experiences on the Use of Geotextile Containers

Simon Restall; Warren Hornsey; Hocine Oumeraci; Marc HInz; Fokke Saathoff & Katja Werth


Wednesday, April 20, 2005 | 09:00 -10:30 | Parallel Sessions C

Room Alcácer Quibir Sub-Theme 3: The Sea

Chairperson: Michelle Portman (University of Massachussetts, USA)

[09:00] Page 131 Towards Environmentally Sound Marine Transportation

David Johnson

[09:20] Page 133 Environmental Effects of Marine Fish Pond Culture in the Ria Formosa (Southern Portugal)

rançois Noël Hubert; Marc Pellaud & Sofia Gamito

[09:40] Page 137 Static Laws in Dynamic Environments

Adelaide Ferreira; João Joanaz de Melo & Francisco Andrade

[10:00] Page 141 Fisheries Management and Marine Biodiversity: The Case of New England Groundfish

Michelle E. Portman

Room Infante Santo

Sub-Theme 4: Living With Erosion

Chairperson: Duncan FitzGerald (Boston University, USA)

[09:00] Page 179 Sediment Transport Trends and Management Implications at Wells Inlet, Maine, USA

Duncan FitzGerald; Zoe Hughes & Mark Rits

[09:20] Page 183 Cliff Vulnerability to Erosion in SW Spain: Contributing Factors and Management Considerations

Laura del Río & F. Javier Gracia

[09:40] Page 187 Neural Network Analysis of Bayed Beaches for Coastal Erosion Control

Gregório Iglesias; G. Diz-Lois & F. Taveira Pinto

[10:00] Page 191 River Mouth Development in the Northern Adriatic: The Bevano Case Study and the Dilema of No-Intervation

Paolo Ciavola; Yann Balouin & Clara Armaroli

Room Dom Sebastião

Sub-Theme 5: Tourism and Coastal Conservation

Chairperson: Júlio Mendes (University of Algarve, Portugal)

[09:00] Page 215 Surfing Reef Design Criteria Propostion with Application to a Real Case

Luiz António Franco de Oliveira filho, Luiz Guilherme Morales de Aguiar & Enise Valentini

[09:20] Page 219 The Management of Beaches: Implementing the Carrying Capacity Concept

Carlos Pereira da Silva; Saudade Pontes & José Carlos Ferreira

[09:40] Page 223 Coastal Tourism and Public Access: A Case Study of North Carolina Beaches in the United States

Bob Buerger; Jeffery Hill & James Herstine

[10:00] Page 227 Tools for Tourist Coastal Zones Environmental Enhancement and Sustainable Development

Claudio Comoglio; Jacinto Barroso; Serena Botta & Sérgio A. Morais


Wednesday, April 20, 2005 | 15:10 -16:30 | Parallel Sessions D


Chairperson: Allan T. Williams (University of Glamorgan, UK)

[15:10] Page 59 Using Grazing to Mitigate Effects of Atmospheric Nitrogen Pollution on Sand Dunes

Laurence Jones; H.L. Wallace; D.G. Hewett; S. Haria; T. Ash; P.M. Rhind & B.A. Emmet

[15:30] Page 63 Coastal Scenic Assessment: Portugal -The Lisbon Metropolitan Area

Aysen Ergin; Allan Williams; A. Micallef & Carlos Pereira da Silva

[15:50] Page 67 Coastal Zones Monitoring Using Remote Sensing Satellite Data

Ana C. Teodoro; André Marçal & Fernando Veloso Gomes

[16:10] Page 71 ICM Assessment of Access Channels Located in Backbarrier Systems. A Conceptual Model

A. Pacheco; A. Carrasco; A. Villa-Concejo; T. Garcia; Ó. Ferreira & J.M.A. Dias


Chairperson: José Carlos Ferreira (New University of Lisbon, Portugal)

[15:10] Page 95 South Area of the Coastal Zone of Rio de Janeiro State Conflicts Analysis: Case Study of the Municipality of Paraty - Brazil

Mariana de Faria Benchimol & Marcus Polette

[15:30] Page 103 Changes in Coastal Landscape of the Costa Brava (Catalonia, Spain) in the Last 50 Years

Carolina Martí & Josep Pintó

[15:50] Page 107 The Internet as Facilitator Tool for Integrated Coastal Management for South America

Liliana P. Silva & Marcus Polette

[16:10] Page 111 Spatial Behaviours and Land Use Evolution Patterns on Developed Coastal Areas: Fuzzy Data Integration Through Multi-Criteria Analysis for Cellular Automata Modelling

José Carlos Ferreira; Jorge Rocha & José A. Tenedório


Chairperson: Giovanni Randazzo (University of Messina, Italy)

[15:10] Page 195 Morphodynamic Variation Between the Adjacent Beaches of Caños and Zahora (Cádiz, SW, Spain)

Javier Benavente; G.C. Malvarez; Laura del Rio; F. Navas & F. Javier Gracia

[15:30] Page 199 Negative Response to Remedial Measures of Shore Protection in Sicily: The Case of the Tindari Headland Spit (Northern Sicily)

Giovanni Randazzo; Francesco Geremia & Stefania Lanza

[15:50] Page 201 Responding to Climate Change Based on Recent Coastal Evolution: A Case Study of the Western Solent, UK

David Johnson & Andrew Colenut


Wednesday, April 20, 2005 | 16:40 -18:00 | Parallel Sessions E


Chairperson: Albert Salman (EUCC – The Coastal Union, The Netherlands)

[16:40] Page 115 The Action Plan of “Barrinha de Esmoriz” – A Governmental Commitment in a Portuguese Coastal Lagoon

Fátima Lopes Alves; Luísa Pinho; Celeste Coelho & Álvaro Santos

[17:00] Page 119 "Canarias, por una Costa Viva" An Integrated Environmental Awareness Raising and Marine Research Project in the Canary Islands, Spain

Yaiza Fernández-Palacios; F. Tuya; C. Fernández-Gil; Y. Cárdenes; J.J. Hernández Brito & R.J. Haroun

[17:20] Constraints to the Implementation of ICZM

Alan Pickaver

[17:40] Page 125 Tidelands Management: Implementation of the Massachusetts' Public Waterfront Act

Michelle E. Portman

Room Alcácer Quibir

Sub-Theme 3: The Sea

Chairperson: Juan Luis Vivero (University of Seville, Spain)

[16:40] Page 145 Numerical Simulations of the Bacterial Pollution Along the Coast of the Venice Province (Nothern Adriatic)

Isabella Scroccaro; Andrea Cucco; Paolo Osti & Georg Umgiesser

[17:00] Page 147 The Effects of the Land and Sea Breezes on the Photochemical Pollution in the Coastal Area of Normandy (North-Western France)

Aurélie Dudouit

[17:20] Page 151 Strategies to Evaluate Contamination in Todos os Santos Bay (Bahia, Brazil) using Marine Invertebrates

A.L.R. Wagener; E. Francione; M. Peso-Aguiar; U. Lima; A.L. Scofield; S. Camargo; C. Hamacher; D. Reitermajer; N. Mickeley & R. Campos

[17:40] Page 153 Development of a Prototype of a Decision Support Computer System for the Combat of Oil Pollution at Sea

David Pulquério, Rita Sá, P. Sebastião & Carlos Guedes Soares


Chairperson: Paolo Ciavola (University of Ferrara, Italy)

[16:40] Page 203 Differential Behavior of Diverse Sectors of an Urban Beach: La Victoria (Cádiz). Implications in Nourishment Design

Javier Benavente; Giorgio Anfuso; A. Ghetti & M.A. Santa Rosa

[17:00] Page 205 Nearshore Bars as a Natural Protection of Beaches, Field Evidences from Lido di Dante Beach, Adriatic Sea

Yann Balouin; Paolo Ciavola; Clara Armaroli & Dario Capatti

[17:20] Page 209 Tendency of Coastline Changes of Hel Peninsula

Kaziemierz Furmanczyk; S. Musielak; J. Dudzinska & A. Lecka

[17:40] Page 211 The Planning in the Minimisation of the Risks Associated to the Increasing Vulnerability of the Coastal Edge of the Centre Region of Portugal

António Mota Lopes; Margarida Nunes & Teresa Carvalho


POSTER PRESENTATIONS

Monday, April 18, 2005 | 12:00 - 12:30 | Poster Exhibition Sub-Theme 1: Strategic Environmental Assessment in Coastal Areas

Page 233 Algarve's Sustainable Development Indicators System -Environmental Component

A. Franco; P. Coelho; P. Vaz; I. Beja; A. Dores & T.B. Ramos

Page 235 Impact of the Realization of a Sea-Water Feed Canal for the Zarziz Saltworks Located in South-Eastern Tunisia

Mohamed Choura; Wassim Hamza; Ridha Amdouni & Jamel Rouis

Page 237 A Case Study: The Kwinte Bank (Belgian Shelf)

Valérie Bellec & Vera van Lancker

Page 239 Proposal to Sanitation in Marujá Community - State Park Cardoso Island, São Paulo, Brazil

Maria Angelica Barbosa Beccato & E. Salati

Page 243 Marine Ecological Quality Assessment: Trophic Indices in an Area Affected by Finfish Cage Aquaculture

Vesna Flander Putrle; Valentina Turk & Alenka Malej

Page 247 Internet Training and Information Modules on Coastal Issues

Gerald Schernewski; Stefen Bock; Silke Rödiger & Anke Vorlauf

Page 249 The Cousteau Label - Awarding The Best Pratices of Coastal Management

Tarik Chekchak

Page 253 Baseline Habitat Mapping Using GIS as a Coastal Management Tool at the Ria de Alvor, Algarve, Portugal

Helena Baker & Will Simonson

Sub-Theme 2: Integrated Coastal Zone Management

Page 257 A Finite Element Ecological Model for the Lagoon of Venice (VELFEEM): Analysis of the Sedimentation Processes

Donata Melaku Canu; Georg Umgiesser & C. Solidoro

Page 259 Towards an Integrated Coastal Zone Management Program of the Littoral Between FNIDEQ and MDIQ (NE of Morocco)

E. Bello; A. Macías; D. Benitez; G. Anfuso & D. Nachite

Page 261 Subsidies for the Co-Management of Crab-uçá in Cananéia -SP - An Ecological and Etnobiological Approach

Mayra Jankowsky; José Salatiel Rodrigues Pires & Nivaldo Nordi

Page 265 Management Plans in Coastal Wetlands - Achievements of the Preliminary Management Plan of 'Reserva Natural das Lagoas de Santo André e da Sancha' (Portugal)

Carlos Loureiro Ferreira

Page 269 Territorial Integration of Populations of Threatened Species and Ecological Connectivity in the Southwest Coast of Spain

José Carlos Muñoz Reinoso; Braulio Asensio & Francisco Rodríguez Infante

Page 271 The Limestone Cliffs of the S. Pedro de Moel Coast (Portugal. A Contribution of Geological Heritage to Land Use Planning

C.B. Duarte; L.V. Duarte & A.O. Tavares


Page 273 GIS and ICZM - A Case Study for Impacts Visualization

Susana Lacerda; Helena Calado; João Porteiro & L. Paramio

Page 277 Integrated Beach Management in the Riviera del Beigua (NW Italy)

Francesca Palmisani, Rosanna Dursi, Roberta Ivaldi, Valentina Marin & Mauro Fabiano

Sub-Theme 3: The Sea

Page 283 Natural Seeding Production of the Edible Green Alga Monostroma SP. In Southern Brazil: Cultivation as an Alternative of Income to the Local Fishermen Community

Franciane Pellizzari; Eurico C. Oliveira; Nair Sumie Yokoya & Theresinha Absher

Page 287 Curonian Spit Shore: Before and After Hurricaine "Anatoly"

Ramunė O. Urbonienė & Algimantas M. Olšauskas

Page 291 Downscaling to the Coastal Zone in MAMA: Application to the Nador Lagoon, Morocco

Georg Umgiesser & Isabella Scroccaro

Page 295 Diversity and Community Structure of Epibenthic Invertrebates and Fish on Soft Bottom Sediment

C. Almeida; D. Machado; P. Veiga; C. Afonso; P. Monteiro; L. Bentes; R. Coelho & J.M.S. Gonçalves

Page 297 Radioactive Contamination of the North-Atlantic Monitored Along the Portuguese Coast with Bio Indicators

João M. Oliveira; Anabela Lucas; Albertina Libânio & Fernando P. Carvalho

Page 299 Optimum Management Strategies for the Environment Improvement of Butrint Lagoon, SW Albania

C. Oikonomou; V. Kapsimalis; Ç. Durmish; T. Llahanaj; G. Papas; A.P. Karageorgis; C. Anagnostou & K. Pavlopoulos

Page 303 Comparison of Different Methods for Microbiological Beach Quality Assessment: Coliforms Bacteria in Sea Water, Interstitial Water and Beach Sediments

Mauro Fabiano & Valentina Marin

Page 307 Evolution of Aguda's Small Scale Fishery over the Past 20 Years

Mike Weber & Jaime Prata

Sub-Theme 4: Living With Erosion

Page 281 Coastal Management Based on an Agenda 21: the Oder/Odra Estuary Case Study

Nardine Löser, Gerald Schernewski, Peter Dehne & Thorsten Permien

Page 309 Application of Formulations and Models to Estimate the Longshore Sediment Transport Between Praia Vieira and Praia Velha, West Coast of Portugal

Sérgio H.C.D. Larangeiro; Filipa S.B.F. Oliveira & Rui Taborda

Page 311 Medium-Term Evolution of a Stretch of the Portuguese Central Coast Based on the Analysis of Aerial Photographs and Hydrographic Surveys: First Results

Filipa S.B.F. Oliveira; Lourival O. Trovisco & Sérgio H.C.D. Larangeiro

Page 313 Mathematical Modeling for the Shoreline Effects of Karasu Marina, Turkey

M. UfukTuran & V. Firat Sever

Page 315 Conservation and Recuperation of Dune Systems and Tourism - Soft Intervention Techniques to Dampen Erosional Processes

Luísa Ramos

Page 317 Morphodynamic Characteristics and Seasonal Variations of Maroccain Beaches Between Ceuta and Cabo Negro

G. Anfuso; E. Bello; J. Benavente; D. Nachite; R. Guiati; A. Ghetti; Y. Meklach & A. Macías

Page 321 Combined Wave and Tidal Effects on Sandy Beaches at a Short-Term Time Scale

Filipa S.B.F. Oliveira

Page 325 A Numerical Study of Sand Mining in a Conceptual Scenario Test

Mariana Ramos; Paulo A. Silva; André Fortunato; Anabela Oliveira & Francisco Sancho António H. da Klein; Fernando L. Diehl & Lindino Benedet

Page 331 Beach Rotation and Coastal Erosion in Armação de Pêra Bay. The Example of Salgados - Galé Sector (Algarve, Portugal) -

Celso Aleixo Pinto & Sebastião Braz Teixeira


Page 335 Forecasting Coastal Utility System (FOCUS)

Derek W.T. Jackson; Gonzalo Malvarez; Emilia Guisado Pintado, Joni Backstrom & Andrew Cooper

Page 337 Managing Rural Activity Beaches in Ireland: An Integrated Approach

John McKenna & Andrew Cooper

Page 341 Leirosa Sand Dunes: A Case Study on Coastal Protection

Catarina Schreck Reis; José Antunes do Carmo & Helena Freitas

Page 343 Development of Deterministic Models in a Blowout of Coastal Dunes (Barreira do Inferno) on the North-East of Brazil

P. Fracasso; L. Menezes; Y.A. Reyes-Peres; R. Cavalcante Freire; A. de Medeiros Souza; D. Siqueira de Gauw; V. Dantas de Araújo; C.J. Appi; J.L. Porsani & F. Pinheiro Lima Filho

Page 347 Underwater Walk at Praia da Marinha, Algarve

Paula Gaspar; Sebastião Braz Teixeira; Jacinta Fernandes; Luis Bentes; Joaquim Ribeiro; Pedro Gil Lino & Jorge M.S. Gonçalves

Page 349 Methodology for the Control of Beach Nourishment Works in the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Spain)

J.J. Muñoz Perez; A. Herrera; G. Gomez Pina & L. Fages

1 Geomorphology and Vegetation: A Contribution for a Synthesis on Erosion vs. Stability Bioindicators of the Coastal Zone

Ângela Lomba, João Honrado, Helena Granja, Jean Favennec & Juan Vidal Romani

Page 353 Influence of Urban Infrastructures Location in the Event of Littoral Storms. The Maritime Sea Walkway in the Rincón de la Victoria, Málaga on the March 26 - 29, 2004 Storm Event

Pedro Fernández & Carolina Pérez

Page 355 Portuguese Experiences on the Use of Geosynthetics in Coastal Erosion Control

Luciana das Neves; Fernando Veloso Gomes; Maria de Lurdes Lopes & Francisco Taveira Pinto

Page 359 Managing the Coastal Zone of the Centre Region of Portugal

Margarida Nunes; Teresa Carvalho; Helena Duarte; Pedro Raposo Sub-Theme 5: Tourism and Coastal Conservation

Page 363 Opportunities and Threats Posed by Tourism Development in Natural Areas. Case Study: Park of Nature "Biokovo", Dalmatian County, Croatia

Lidija Petrić

Page 367 The Role of EcoTourism and the Coasts in the Nigerian Environment

Christabel I. Okeke

Page 371 Impacts and Potentialities of Tourism on Artisanal Fishermens' Communities at Corumbau Marine Extractive Reserve, Bahia State - Brazil

Fernanda Terra Stori; Regina di Commo; Marcus Polette & Nivaldo Nordi

Page 375 Foredune Fragmentation and Tourist Pressure in Two Natural Places in the Coast of Huelva, SW Spain

Sara Muñoz Vallés; Juan Gallego-Fernández & Claudia Dellafiore

Page 379 Integrated Quality Management Coastal Recreation and Tourism Business Destinations Strategy

Elena Vitkienė

Page 383 Effect of Human Trampling on Mediterranean Sandy Beaches: Sandhoppers as Bioindicators?

A. Ugolini; G. Galanti; S. Somigli; G. Ungherese; A. Perfetti; F. Borghini & S. Focardi

Page 387 Residues of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Coastal Environments - A Review

Fernando P. Carvalho

ANNEX C

WORKSHOPS AGENDA

Workshop Title: Data Harmonisation and Integration for Coastal/Marine Stakeholders Time: 09.00h to 12.00h, 19 April 2005 Workshop Aim: The aim of the workshop is to inform coastal and marine stakeholders of:

1. The benefits of data harmonisation across different themes, underpinned by core reference data defined by the EC INSPIRE initiative.

2. The benefits of developing and implementing a common coastal/marine spatial data infrastructure (CSDI) and minimum requirements for such an information infrastructure.

3. The benefits and limitations of applying open source tools for coastal data management, especially in regard to globally recognised OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) interoperability specifications. (Introducing the “Use Case” template to collect standardised data in future on cost-benefit parameters of participants’ projects).

4. What is required of them in order to more fully participate in the OGC open source specification process and application of the OGC Reference Model for interoperability, e.g. participation in OGC SIGs (special interest groups) and WGs (working groups).

5. Introduction to the EU-funded special support action (SSA) MOTIIVE, which aims to examine the cost benefit of using non-proprietary data standards for coastal and marine applications and RISE, a second SSA investigating data harmonisation and integration technology via OGC for land-based spatial data.1

The overall goal for the workshop is to educate participants in data harmonisation and integration technologies and techniques and to gain their active support for the MOTIIVE and RISE projects and objectives.

Draft Agenda

09.00 Introduction to the workshop - aims and objectives.

09.10 Introduction to INSPIRE and its implications for the coastal and marine environment.

09.30 Introduction to coastal/marine spatial data infrastructure (CSDI/MGDI) requirements, benefits and responsibilities of stakeholdes.

10.00 The role of open source tools to increase the efficiency of spatial data management in cross-disciplinary, integrated environments.

10.30 Break

10.40 Introduction to MOTIIVE and what is expected from the coastal/marine stakeholder community.

11.15 Brief introduction to RISE, and its formal relationship to MOTIIVE regarding land-based spatial data.

11.30 Presentation of a draft coastal/marine stakeholder “Cost-Benefit Use Case Template”.

11.50 Q & A session

12.00 Close 1 MOTIIVE addresses the harmonisation requirements between the INSPIRE ‘Annex II’ data component “Elevation”, comprising terrestrial, bathymetric and coastal elevation data, and INSPIRE’s Annex III marine thematic data for “sea regions”, “oceanic spatial features” and “coastal zone management areas”.

Coastal Practice Network Workshop at ICCCM’05 – The Network Expansion CoPraNet, the Coastal Practice Network is an INTERREG IIIC project which has the aim of developing a network of coastal stakeholders to exchange information and best practice on coastal management. It will run for three years until December 2006. The challenges of the network are to establish an “open source” ICZM-platform and to integrate ICZM-projects and networks so they can stimulate rather than compete, to make coastal practitioners the main drivers of ICZM community and to promote the exchange of experiences in several languages. The current project network is formed by 21 partners in 11 countries, however the CoPraNet wants to greatly expand the current network with Associate Partners to realize the European Commission aim to have a full Coastal Practitioners Network that can be fully self-supporting by the end of the CoPraNet project. The CoPraNet partnership is committed to share their views and discuss the needs and benefits of the network expansion. Therefore, the CoPraNet network invites coastal councils, planning agencies and coastal networks to join the workshop (free of charge). The workshop will address topics such as:

What are the needs for an extended network? What are the potential themes of it? Who would be interested to join as CoPraNet Associated Partners (Members?) How would CoPraNet Associated Partners (Members?) foreseen their participation?

Would be willing to pay a fee for it? …

If you participate in this expanding Coastal Practice Network as an Associate Partner, you will be able to:

- directly plug into a network of like-minded partners with similar aims, - draw on European expertise by exchanging and applying best practices in coastal

planning, - participating in an European benchmarking programme for sustainable coastal

tourism (QualityCoast), - find partners for new projects, partnerships and exchanges, - access European best practice information through the CoPraNet newsletter,

website and Helpdesk, - participating in testing the EU ICZM (Integrated Coastal Zone Management)

Progress Indicator - participate in the CoPraNet workshop programme 2005-2006, on a cost basis,

including (UK: Sefton, Merseyside, Netherlands: Zandvoort, Poland: Oder Delta, Greece: Sifnos; Samothraki, Venice, and …)

Joining the expanding Coastal Practice Network will enable you to be involved in the equalisation of sustainable tourism management practices in Europe, the introduction of better coastal, environmental, management practices, and the improvement of information flow to coastal stakeholders. In short, you will be in the forefront of the implementation of coastal management throughout Europe.

TOURISM GOLF SCENARIOS - THE ALGARVE CASE

Antónia Correia

Faculty of Economics, University of Algarve, Portugal

Nuno Videira; Inês Alves; Catarina Ramires & Rui Subtil

Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Algarve, Portugal

Victor Martins

Economics and Management Institute, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal

Abstract

Sport tourism, in particular golf, is an emerging form of tourism. This is the case of the Algarve region where golf has great economic, social and environment impacts. As this new form of tourism proves to be very profitable the supply rises over the demand. This paper presents a sustainability assessment framework developed for the Algarve’s golf courses. This framework was used for the definition and evaluation of three alternative development scenarios and their associated impacts. It was concluded that the development of further golf activity in the Algarve should be framed within high service and environmental quality standards. The sustainability area for golf course development should vary between 29 and 41 golf courses.

Keywords: Golf; Sustainability; Scenarios, Regional Development

TOURISM IN PROTECTED AREAS: A HYPOTHETICAL APPLICATION OF AN

ENVIRONMENTAL TAX AT PARQUE NACIONAL DA RIA FORMOSA (ALGARVE / PORTUGAL)

Fernando Pereira Antunes Perna

University of Algarve / High School of Tourism, Hospitality and Management

Abstract

The study is based on the interactions between nature conservation and recreational uses inside Ria Formosa Natural Park, a sand island at the south of Portugal. The contingent valuation method is applied to evaluate the willingness to pay of the recreational users, under a scenario in which a certain amount must be aggregate to promote a nature conservation intervention on the territory. Knowing the total number of visits and the aggregate consumer surplus, the paper quantifies and suggests an application of an environmental tax by visit, and promotes the confront of this option with a second one based on the restrict application of the physical capacity of charge.

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY OF COASTAL TOURISM DESTINATIONS: A MODEL OF DIAGNOSIS

João Albino Silva, Júlio da Costa Mendes, Adão Flores

Faculty of Economics, University of Algarve

Abstract

The aim of this communication is to present a diagnosis model that is being developed in one of the Algarve’s destination – the Arade region.

Tourism assumes a primary role both in the organisation and in the implementation of economic activities, as by the phenomena linked to it, which compose an essential piece of modern life.

The exploitation of resources, that many times were just natural public assets, saw their use enlarged to other attraction areas, such as the ways of living of the resident communities, their historic and ethnologic heritage. The development of technology allowed the industrialisation of entertainment and leisure to give new uses to the attractions, enlarging and deeping the tourism experience.

This search of originality together with the increasing of holidays created a spatial concentration of the tourism industry in delimited communities and areas, rising the concept of tourism destination as a privileged area of space use - as an object of consumption by the tourist, and as a space of production of services and products and specially, of experiences.

These well defined spaces of the tourism industry brings to evidence all categories of social, environment and economic impacts, not always positives, that are needed to mind, limit and manage in a sustainable perspective, assuming this important issue together with the competitiveness of the tourism destinations and forcing the “design” of intervention strategies in the tourism destination itself.

The proposed model holds to this undeniable principle of sustainability, so fundamental in a coastal tourism destination, but seeks to conciliate the applicability of that principle with the conditions of the local economy, as tourism is considered to be the main activity. It’s about making a balanced use of the resources that are the productive base of tourism, allowing the rebirth and maintenance of local economies based in tourism, and, at the same time, in founding product responses to the present and potential clients of those resources, as the only way to assume the economic and social sustainability of the destinations.

That balance can only be reached by adopting the nuclear idea that tourism destinations have to be guided, coordinated and managed by introducing institutional coordination mechanisms of the stakeholders involved in the transformation process of the destination, as the only way of assuring environmental, economic and social sustainability.

This proposed model is being developed and tested in a coastal area of Algarve. The diagnosis of the sustainability of the resources is the starting point to design new products and improve the older ones. It diagnoses the satisfaction level of the tourists with the supplied experience and analyses the multiple dimension of the perceived quality by all the main stakeholders of the destination as a fundamental base of the satisfaction of that experience that it’s intended to be renewed and authentic.

TOURISM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A LOCAL ANALISYS LOULÉ CASE STUDY

Maria de Fátima Madeira Laginha Louro

Abstract

Sustainable Development implies the challenge of creating the required conditions to meet the envolved people’s needs at the current and future time. The main purpose of this paper is to make Sustainable Development to become operative, being Loulé municipality - one of the most representative tourism municipalities in the Algarve Region - its target study.

From the decision maker’s awareness to the creation of political opportunities for sustainable development, there is a big gap which is needed to be evaluated in order to reduce, or if possible, overcome it, in the near future. In this context, we argue that the systemic approach and is inherent modelling system form the fundamental basis for the decision-making process aiming the Sustainable Development.

Keywords: Sustainable Development; sustainable Tourism Development; Systemic Approach; Local Scale.

ANNEX D

SHORT COURSE CONTENTS

COURSE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS IN COASTAL AREAS

Schedule*:

[09:00 – 10:30] Part I – Introduction and Methodologies [10:30 – 11:00] coffee break [11:00 – 12:30] Part I – Introduction and Methodologies (cont.) [12:30 – 14:00] lunch [14:00 – 15:30] Part II- A GIS-Based Set of Indicators for the Environmental Monitoring of the Coastal Zone of

Andalucía [15:30 – 16:00] coffee break [16:00 – 18:00] Part III- Making the Coast Visible: the development and implementation of a Europe-wide set of

sustainability indicators * schedule subject to amendment.

Course Content:

Part I – Introduction and Methodologies

Tomás B. Ramos University of the Algarve, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences

Campus de Gambelas, 8000-117 Faro, Portugal. [email protected]

1. History of sustainability indicators and main concepts: parameters (raw data), indicators, indices and headline indicators

2. Methods for developing sustainable development indicators

2.1 Conceptual frameworks for the design of indicators

2.2 Criteria for indicator selection and development

2.3 Aggregation methods

2.4 Advantages and drawbacks

3. The current use of indicators: local, regional, national and global scales

3.1 The national and international experience

3.2 The interrelations between indicators and other environmental assessment and management tools

4. Future developments

Part II- A GIS-Based Set of Indicators for the Environmental Monitoring of the Coastal Zone of Andalucía

Fatima Navas Coastal Management and Information Systems Research Group

University of Seville, Spain

1. Introduction to the Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Europe. Andalucía as a showcase study Region

2. Presentation of the Coastal Environments of Andalucía

3. Presentation of the Existing GIS-Based Coastal Management Tool for Andalucía

4. Environmental Monitoring of the Coastal Zone of Andalucía Based on Indicators:

4.1 Objectives

4.2 Design and Elaboration of Indicators

4.3 Presentation of resulting Indicators

5 Conclusions

Part III- Making the Coast Visible: the development and implementation of a Europe-wide set of sustainability indicators

Clive Gilbert COASTLINK, Technical Director, Model d’evaluation du niveau de développement durable des zones côtières

européennes, Member, EU Working Group on Indicators and Data, [email protected]

1. The Demonstration Programme and the EU ICZM Recommendation (2002)

2. EU ICZM Expert Group - two questions:

. • How can Member States measure the extent to which ICZM is being implemented?

. • How can Member States tell whether they are moving further towards or away from a more sustainable coast, and at what pace?

3. Working Group on Indicators and Data - two answers:

. • The ‘progress’ indicator (2003)

. • Set of sustainable development indicators (2004)

4. The progress indicator – test by course participants

5. The sustainable development indicators

. • choice of goals, indicators and measurements

. • questions of scaling and comparability – can the same indicator be used at local, regional, national and European levels?

. • calculating the indicators – the evidence so far

6. Converting data into information

. • indicator fact sheets

. • indicators, politics and ICZM

7. Next steps – an invitation to participate

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