TRANSIENT TIDES OF LIGHT TU/e Industrial design B3.2

STUDENT: FRANKE KUIJPERS

COACH:R. VAN BERKEL

MEMINI

Student:Franke Kuijperss099417B3.2

January 2013

SPECIAL THANKS GOES TO:Roos van Berkel, coach and Laban/Bartenieff Movement Analysis expert Sietske Klooster, design-choreographer Geert van der Boomen, expert in electronicsCoaches of LTSM for their valuable feedback sessionsFriends and family for their help during testing

TABLE OF CONTENTS

3

INTRODUCTION

MISSION STATEMENT

PROCESS

PRESSURE COOKER

INSPIRATIONAL APPROACHES

OBSERVATIONS

CONCEPT DIRECTION

MOVEMENT RESEARCH

MATERIAL STUDY

NEW OBSERVATIONS

FORM RESEARCH

INTERACTION RESEARCH

PROTOTYPING

CONCEPT

FINAL PROTOTYPE

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5

6 - 7

8 - 11

12 - 13

14 - 15

16 - 19

20 - 21

22 -23

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28 - 29

USERTESTING

FUTURE

EVALUATION vision design process form and senses technology user focus conclusion

REFERENCES

APPENDIX connection approaches coachmeetings design process developed competencies usertest outcomes finalwrittencode

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INTRODUCTION

The project ‘Transient Tides of Light’ focused on translatinganaturalphenomenonwithinarepetitivebut irregular setting into a dynamic technological lighting environment. These phenomena are perceivedthroughthecontinuouschangeswithinthe combination of light and movement and cannot beinfluencedbypeople.Byresearchingmovementand light created by people on the one hand and by natureontheotherhand,itispossibletodefinearelationshipbetweenboth,whichenabledinteraction.

Inspired by the design approach and vision of Sietske Klooster,movementwastheleadingaspectinthisproject. By combining this approach and the Laban/Bartenieff Movement Analysis method, a movement design approach has been developed that match my vision.

Thegoaloftheprojectwastofocusonthedialoguebetweenlightandthehumanbodythroughmovement. This has been achieved by using a movement based design approach as a tool to lead thedesignprocesswhiletranslatingnaturallightand movement into an interactive light environment. This approach has been used to conduct research regarding the appearing and disappearing of light as a reaction to the moving body. The natural and irregular processwithintheappearanceanddisappearanceof light and movement formed the start for the movement based design approach.

Research, observations and explorations have led tothefinalconceptMEMINI.MEMINIisalampthat appears and disappears as a reaction on the movement of its user. The behaviour of the lamp is based on the observations of a natural phenomenon. With MEMINI the user is able to conduct a choreographyoflightandmovementwhichcanoffera moment of relaxation and peace.

I believe designing through moving and interacting can help designing movement and interaction. In order to design movement it is necessary to understand movement.InthisprojectIwanttobecomepartofthe movement I design. I aim on placing movement in the centre of the design process so it may lead to newideas.Designinginteractioncanbedoneinthesameway:Bybecomingtheinteractionitself.Withthis approach I hope to design concepts that have a stronginteractionandwhicharerelatedtothebody.Ibelievethisconnectionwiththebodybymovementandinteractioncreatesnewmeaningandvalueforthe user.

Thegoalforthisprojectwillbetodesignaproductthatfocusesontheareabetweentheuserandthedesign,bydesigningtheinteractionbetweenthem.Thedialoguebetweentheuserandtheproductwillbecomeveryimportant.Iwanttoachievethisbytaking movement as a basis for the project. Hereby Iwillmainlyfocusonresearchinghumanmovementandmovementcreatedbynature.Myfinaldesignwillnotonlycontainmovementbutitwillalsobefullydesignedthroughmovement.Thisproductwillprovideanexperiencetotheuserwhichcanbeinfluencedbytheuser.ThisprojectwillgivemetheopportunitytostartdevelopingmyownmovementdesignapproachwhichIhopetodevelopfurtherinthe future.

MISSION STATEMENT

Bracket Fungi

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6

Usually,adesignprocessstartswithconductingresearch.Byusingtheknowledgeandinspirationof this research, ideas are generated through brainstorming. Then the ideas are sketched and definedintoprototypes.

For this project a different approach has been taken. Exploring and observing both played an important partinthedesignprocess.Theywereusedastoolsto conduct research and generate ideas. ‘Form & Senses’and‘Ideas&Concepts’werecloselyrelatedtoeachotherandtheywenthandinhandduringthewholeprocess.Movementwasabaseforthisproject.Movementanddesignhavealwaysbeenaninspiringcombination for many designers. This project focused onintegratingmovementinthewholedesignprocessby having body movement play a leading part. This approach required input from the body of the userinwhichmyownbodyservedasbodyofageneraluserwhileconductingmovementsessionswithalamp.Lateronintheprocesstheconceptwastestedbyuserswhointeractedwiththefinalprototype.

Tofindouthowtogetthemostoutofthisproject,literaturehasbeenusedtofindouthowotherdesigners used movement as a design approach to lead a design further developed in the future. The Laban/ Bartenieff Movement analysis method and the approach of design-choreographer Sietske Klooster wereaninspirationtothisproject.

DESIGN PROCESS

THINKING MAKING EXPLORING ENVISIONING

Observing

Movement Based Approach Research

Making Movies

Concept directions

Movement Research

Low-fi Prototyping

Material Study

Form & Interaction explorations

Context

Choose concept

Prototyping

Electronics & Programming

Testing

While doing research in both of the movement design approaches it became clear that in order to design movement and interaction, one has to understand it thoroughly and become part of it. (Move to get moved, 2007) This lead to a project in whichmovementwasdesignedthroughmovingand the interaction through interacting. This project servedasanintroductiontoanewdesignprocesswhichwasawholenewexperience.Withtheknowledgegainedinthisproject,themovementbased design process can be further developed in the future.

THINKING MAKING EXPLORING ENVISIONING

Observing

Movement Based Approach Research

Making Movies

Concept directions

Movement Research

Low-fi Prototyping

Material Study

Form & Interaction explorations

Context

Choose concept

Prototyping

Electronics & Programming

Testing 7

Design Process

CHECKERED LAMPThe concept that has been made in the pressure cookerweekwasalsobasedonanobservationinnature.Itfocusedonwhatyouseecomparingtowhatyoufeelandwhatthereis.Sometimesthemindcangiveadistortedviewwhichcanleadintoadifferentdirectionofwhatisreal.Thismindtrickwasusedasinputfortheconcept.Alampwasmadeconsistingof a shade and the lamp itself. When looking at the lampitseemedliketheshadewasmoving,butitwasactuallythelampitselfthatwasmoving.Thelampdidnothaveaconstantandregularmovement,whichgavetheviewerafeelingofdizzinessandadifferentperceptionofwhatwasmovingandwhatwasnotmoving.

Theprojectstartedwithapressurecookerweekwithintroductionlecturesaboutlight&perceptiontogain understanding in the essence of light around us. AvisittothePhilipsLightningInstituteshowedtheimportance of light in stores and public spaces and theinfluenceoflightonoureverydaylives.Naturecanbeobservedinmanyways.Thepressurecookershoweddifferentpossibilitiesofhowtoobserve natural phenomena. Observing can be used a tool to help generate ideas. By making videos, writingdownobservationsandbyanalyzinganddistractingaphenomenon,itwaspossibletogetadifferentviewonaphenomenon.Partsthatusuallydid not stand out suddenly did and smaller and less obviousaspectsinaphenomenonwerediscovered.Thoseobservationswereusedasinputfordesigninga product.

PRESSURE COOKER WEEKS

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Videoobservationwater

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Lamp Pressure Cooker

MELVIN THE LIGHTMACHINEThisworkshopgaveanintroductiontoseveralelectronic techniques that can be used in combination withlight.Thegoalwastomakeaninstallationinwhichoneofthepartsreactstoanother.Eachpartwasmadebydifferentstudentsandfinallytheywerechained to each other. Thisinterestingcollaborationbetweenstudentswasawholenewexperiencewhichshowedthat,thougheachlinkbyitselfwasn’tthatspecial,connectingtheworkresultedinaninstallationthatwasbothspectacular and surprising. It taught to be part of awholeandbeingresponsibleofonelinkoftheprocess.Furthermore,itclearlyshowedthattensmall and seperate parts can lead to one very big experiencewhenconnectingtheelements.

MOVE WORKSHOPMovement in design can play a huge role for both userandproduct.ThisworkshopgaveinsightinhowtodescribethemovementinmeansoffourLaban categories: Body, effort, space and shape. As found out earlier, in order to understand or design movement one has to become the movement. The movingbodycanleadtodifferentinteractionswhichcan be used to design concepts and products. The movement found by observing can be described withwordswhichassociatewiththemovement.Those can be useful in the ideation process. By designinginaspecificwayyoucanevokeanddesigna certain movement and interaction for the user. It canalsohelpdefiningtheshapeofaproduct.Moreinformation on the Laban/Bartenieff Movement Analysis method can be found on page 12.

Lamp Pressure Cooker

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MAKE WORKSHOPInthemakeworkshoponeoftheobservedphenomenawaschosenanddefinedintoanexplorative prototype. After explaining the inspirationpointinjustafewwords,otherstudentsstartedtoworkonitaswell.Thisresultedintotallydifferentconceptswhichhaddifferentvalues.Itwasnicetoseeanddiscussotherwaysofworkingonthe same concept and the results could be used for another idea generation. Thephenomenonthatwaschosenwas‘bubbles’.Interestingaboutthebubbleswasthattheyweresometimes more visible than other times. This dependedonthebackgroundwhichchangedeverytime.Thisphenomenonwastranslatedintoaprototypewithafabricthatbecamemorevisiblewhenlightwasprojectedonthefabric.

A PHYSICAL SOMETHINGIt is impossible to design something that looks exactly likeanaturalphenomenonbecauseitwillbeneverable to compare to it. By the distillation of a small part of the phenomenon it is possible to keep the value of the phenomenon. This observation can lead toaconceptwhichdoesnotlookliketheoriginalphenomenonbutitisusedasinspiration.Inthiswayit is easier to capture the quality, beauty and essence of a phenomenon and translate this into a prototype.

Physical something

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‘Effort’takesintoaccountthewayapersonperformsan action and also the intention of doing so. The intention of a person affects the strength of the movement, the timing of the movement and also the degree of control over the movement. Effort has four effort factors:- Space (indirect - direct)- Time (sustained - sudden)- Weight (light - strong)-Flow(free-bound)These efforts can be combined to create different actions.

‘Shape’describeshowthebodychangesshapeduring a movement. This can be a self-oriented or an environmental-oriented shape change. It describes thedirectionorflowofashapeandthewaythatsomething is moving.

‘Space’involvesmotioninconnectionwiththeenvironmentandwiththemovementinitiation,spatialpathwaysandspatialtention.Thiscategorydescribeswaystodescribetheuseofspace:-Kinespheredescribesthevertical,horizontalandsagittal axis of the body.-Dynamosphereisthespaceonecanreachwitheffort.

In the project the Laban/Bartenieff Movement analysis methodwasusedtodescribethemovementofthebodywhileinteractingwithlight.

Forthisprojecttwomovementdesignapproacheswereusedasinputfortheproject:TheLaban/Bartenieff Movement Analysis Method and the approach of Sietske Klooster, a design-choreographer.For this project a movement based design approach wasdevelopedbycombiningthemethodoftheLaban/Bartenieff Movement analysis and the approachofSietskeKloosterwhichwastaughtintheassignment ‘Training the Creative Body’.

LABAN/BARTENIEFF MOVEMENT ANALYSISLaban/Bartenieff Movement analysis is used as a tool to analyse human movement. With this method movement can be discribed and analysed. The Laban/Bartenieff Movement Analysis distinguishes four movement components:- Body- Effort- Shape - Space

‘Body’ describes the physical and structural characteristics of the human body in motion. This aspectoftheMovementAnalysisdescribeswhichbodypartsaremoving,howtheyareconnectedtootherpartsofthebodyandhowtheyinfluencetheotherbodyparts.Itdescribeswherethemovementisinitiated.

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INSPIRATIONAL APPROACHES

SIETSKE KLOOSTER, DESIGN CHOREOGRAPHERSietske Klooster is graduated at the Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering of the Delft University.Inherstudyshedevelopedanewdesignapproach,calleddesignmovementwhichwasaninspirationto this project. With her approach Sietske tries to combine her interest and experience in dance and her profession as an industrial designer. Sietske designs products and installations that enable movement. Her approach involves movement, her designs evolve through moving and she uses her body to design movement. Sietske also teaches assignments and modules at the TU/e. (www.sietskeklooster.nl)

The assignment ‘Training the creative body’ given by Sietske,explainedhowdoughcanbeusedtodesignmovement through moving. With the hands one is able to shape. When designing bread it is not about whatyoucanthinkofwithyourheadbutitisaboutwhatyoucanmakewithyourhands.Ideasarosewheninteractingwiththedoughbyaddingpressureortension,etc.Thewayofkneadinginfluencedthefinalshapeofthebread.BecauseofthisassignmentIgotadifferentviewonhowthebodyinteractswithaproductandhowadesignercaninfluencethatinteraction.Ifmovingwhiledesigning,itispossibletodesign movement. The approach of this assignment wasusedintheprojectaswell:Designmovementbymoving.

Training the creative body

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OBSERVATIONS

COBWEB OBSERVATIONOne of the observations that is used for the project wasdonewhenlookingintothewater:

“I’m standing before a green old bridge looking into the water. I see the mirroring in the water, the flow of the river and the reflection of the bridge in the water. I see the grass in the water and the sun that shines behind the clouds. The clouds become more visible now. I hear birds and people passing by on their bicycle. In the corner of my eyes I see a willow move with the wind. This wind I can feel on my cheeks now. Then I focus back on the bridge again and I see a cobweb consisting out of trapezoids. There is a fly in the cobweb and through the cobweb I see now the water again, and the clouds through the water. The little fly goes much more up and down by the wind if comparing it to the cobweb itself. The cobweb looks like it is made out silk. It has a beautiful glance. But when I keep focusing on the cobweb I notice some parts of the cobweb has disappeared. This is because of the background which changes by the reflection of the clouds that are moving on the wind.”

Gathering information and inspiration from nature wasdonebyobservingnaturalphenomenawithlight, movement, continuous repeating rhythms and simultaneous changes. In nature there are countless phenomenawithlightandmovement,butthesearetoo complex to directly translate into a product. The translationwillthenbecometooliteralanditwillneverbeabletocompetewiththerealphenomenon.Throughdistillationofasmalleraspectwithinaphenomenonamoreabstracttranslationwasmade.When observing it is important not only to focus on whatthereistosee,butalsotouseothersenses,bydescribingwhatyoufeelandwhatyouhear.Bydescribingthecontextasawhole,inspirationwasgathered and used as input for a concept. When looking longer to a place and not focusing on only the commonthings,newthingswillappearthatwerenotvisibleinthefirstplace.Theseappearedtobeperfectto use as imput for an idea generation.

Click here for the video of the observations.

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Observation Videos Nature

DIRECTIONSThe observations led to many interesting directions, ofwhichfourkeptreturninginmanyinterestingobservations: appearing & disappearing, reaction & action, stillness & activity and darkness & light. These four directions could be related to each other during theprojectandtheywerefurtherexploredbytheuseofwordwebs.

CONCEPT DIRECTION

APPEAR AND DISAPPEARAppearinganddisappearingwasnotonlyfoundintheobservationofthecobwebsandthefallingbubbles,but there are many things in nature such as the sun and the moon and the stars that appear and then disappear again. This appearance and disappearance couldbeseenasatransienttidewhichkeepschanging because of the changing environment or becauseitchangesovertime.Thisdirectionwasusedas leading input for the design process.

WHAT HOWFUNCTION

Hide

Obscure

Surprise

Be mysterious Suddenly

Slow

Gradually

Uncontrolled

Fast

Narrowing

Controlled

Unexpected

Animal

Human Product

In steps

Constant

Alternately

Camou�age

Move

Stimulate senses

Scare

Visible

Invisible

DayNight

Material

MagicScienti�c reaction

After a gesture

Before a gestureFading

Dimming

ClosingWidening OpenNarrowing

Directing

Morphe

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ACTION AND REACTIONAnotherdirectionthatkeptreturningwasactionandreaction.Thereasonwhysomethingishappeningis often a reaction to something else. In nature this is often because of changes, danger or because of peoplewantingtobeinvolvedinit.Anactionofaperson is often provoking a reaction and in design thiscanplayamajorrolewhendesigninginteraction.Thereforethisdirectionwasfurtherexplored.

WHAT HOWFUNCTION

MentionResponse

Suddenly

Slow Gradually

UncontrolledFast

Controlled

Unexpected

Animal

Human Product

In steps

Constant

Alternately

Answer

Visible

Invisible

DayNight

Material

Device

After a gesture

Before a gesture

Ask

Communicate

Talk Play

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STILLNESS AND ACTIVITYIn the context of movement stillness and activity aremainkeywords.Therehastobeactivityinorderto have movement. The activity can be constant but becauseoftherelationtotransienttidesitwillbebetter to make the activity irregular. By involving stillnessaswell,theactivitywillbecomemorestrikingandthiswillprobablyevokeanearlierreactionontheactivity.

WHAT HOWFUNCTION

HideBe born

Die

Live

MoveSuddenly

Slow

Gradually

Uncontrolled

Fast

Narrowing

Controlled

Unexpected

Animal

Autonome

Human Product

In steps

Constant

AlternatelyOpen

Close

Scare

Obscure

Run

Visible

Invisible

Appear

Notice

DayNight

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DARKNESS AND LIGHTWithoutdarknessthereisnolightandwithoutlightno darkness. With light and darkness it is possible to make something appear and disappear by making it visibleorinvisible.Withsufficientlightoneonlyhastolookatanobjecttoseeit.Withinsufficientlight,the other senses become important too. (De kleur van de maan, 2009) Body movement can then play an important role. A lot of the observations further in theprocessweredoneinthedarkbecauseappearingand disappearing seemed to be more interesting in the dark.

Testing

WHAT HOWFUNCTION

Close

Open

Obscure

AwakeReaction

Action

Scare

Rhythms

Asleep

Suddenly

Slow

Gradually

Uncontrolled

Fast

Directing

Narrowing

Controlled

Unexpected

Sleep

In combination

Re�ections

Shadows

DayNight

Sight

No sight

In steps

Colors

Colors19

Inordertofindouthowabodycanappearanddisappear in front of a light source, research wasconducted.Inthisresearch“appearinganddisappearing”wastranslatedduringinteractivemovementsessionswithalightsourceandthebody.Thebodywasusedtomakelightappearanddisappear and vice versa; to make the body appear anddisappearwithrespecttothelight.Thesemovementsessionswererecordedandanalysed.Thisresearchgaveinsightonhowbodymovementcaninfluencelight.Eachmovementcouldbedescribedasaninteractionwithlight.Theseobservationswereaninspirationtofindoutwhichmovementandinteractioncouldbeusedforthefinaldesign.

MOVEMENT RESEARCHOBSERVED INTERACTIONS

Catching light

Touching light

Walking over light

Directing light

Saving light

Picking up light

Hiding light

Warm up to light

Protecting light

Taking away light

Bending light

Reaching for light

Kneading light

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Video movement session

Themovementsthatweremadeinthemovementsessionscouldbetranslatedintowordswhicharepart of the Effort Factors of the Laban/Bartenieff Movement Analysis method. In almost all of the sessionstherewerefoundslowmovementswithmanyverticaldimensions.Themovementswereoften initiated from the hands and used central and peripheralspatialpathways.Thewordsthatgaveagooddescriptionofthemovementswere:- Light- Gentle- Fine- Soft- Protecting- Safe- Within a sustained time - Slow- Accelerating and Decelerating- Legato- Controlled- Careful - Bound

Whendesigningadialoguebetweenabodyanda product, the movement of the body and the movement of the product should react on each other. By matching the movements of the product and user they can complement each other and there can be communicated through movement.

Click here for the video of the movement sessions.

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Video movement session

Video movement session

Duringmaterialstudytherewasfoundouthowmovement qualities and characteristics can be experiencedthroughmaterial.Withaflashlightanddifferent materials, the impact of light on material and viceversawereobserved.Forexample,movingthelamp had a different effect than moving the material. When moving both, it again gave a different effect. Goalofthisstudywastodecidewho,orwhatwouldbemovingforthefinalconcept.

Differentmaterialpropertieswerediscoveredandtheyallhadtheirowninfluenceonlight.Thereisshinymaterialthatreflectsthelight,materialthatabsorbs light, material that is transparent, semi-transparent or non transparent. Colour and texture alsohasinfluenceonthelight.Thesepropertiescan be referred to as optical properties. The looks andtextureofamaterialcaninfluencethewayofinteractingwithit.Ifsomethinglooksfragileitneedstobedealeddifferentlythanwhenitlookssturdy.Thishastobetakenintoaccountforthefinaldesign.Theobservationswereagaincapturedinavideo.

Click here for the video of material study and here for the video of the lamp.

MATERIAL STUDY

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Movie material study

Movie material study

Movie material study

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Movie lamp

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Whengoingoutsideinthedarkwithonlyatorchitisamazinghowmanythingswillonlygetnoticedwhenshining light on it directly. When it is dark the objects that are still visible become more important and interesting because there are less objects visible than normal.Thepartwherelightisshinedbecomesveryvisible and it immediately has a bigger impact. Then therestoftheenvironmentwillbecomeevenmoredarkandunnoticeable.Howthingslookwithlightshining on it depends a lot on the shape of the object that gets illuminated.

BRACKET FUNGI Inputforresearchwastheobservationofbracketfungi in the dark. The bracket fungi are mushrooms thatgrowinclumpsandtheyhaveawhiteborder.Whenshininglightonitthewhiteborderbecamemorestrikingwhileotherpartsofthebracketfungibecamelessvisible.Thiseffectwastriedtocapturebyshininglightoncardboardcoveredwithaluminumfoil. When shining light on it the edges light up and seemtoappear.Theyreflectedthelight.Thiswasverybeautifulandmysterious.Dependingonwherethelightshineditgaveadifferentvieweverytime.

To see the video of the bracket fungi exploration, click here.

NEW OBSERVATION

CLAY MODELSInordertofindoutdifferentinteractionsrelatedtoformclaymodelsweremade.Theinspirationcame from the shape of a bracket fungi, consisting oflayeredsegments.Theuserwasaskedthesamequestionwitheverymodel:“Whatifthiswouldbealamp?Howwouldyouinteractwithit?”Holeswereoftenrelatedtoputfingersinwhilealargesurfacewasrelatedtostrokingwiththewholehand.Protrusionswereoftenrelatedtofinetouchesorpressing.

Movie elvenbankjes

FORM RESEARCH

INTERACTION AND TECHNOLOGYTobeabletodesignadialoguebetweenanobjectand a person an interaction had to be designed. In themovementsessiondifferentinteractionswithlightwerediscovered.Theseinteractionswereallfocused on disappearing and appearing in front of a light. When the person appears in front of the light the light reacts on that. This required an interaction wherethemovementofthepersoncouldinfluencetheobject.Thelightobjectshould‘see’whenthe person appeared and it should react on that movement by appearing back to the person. This is for instance possible by using a movement sensor, a touch sensor, a light sensor or a proximity sensor. Duringalltheobservationsdifferencesweremadeinwhatwasmovingandwhatwasnotmoving.Insomesessionsthelightwasmovingwhileinothersessionsthebodyortheproductitselfwasmoving.

INTERACTION RESEARCH

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IR proximity sensorsClay Models

That’swhyadicisionhadtobemadeinwhatwouldbemovingforthefinalprototype.Sincebodymovement had played an important role from the beginningoftheproject,therewaschosentohavebodymovementasinputforthefinalprototype.Thereactionoftheproductwouldbelight.Thenalightsensorwasnottherightdicision,sincethat reacts on light or on darkness and not on movement.Thetouchsensorwasalsoeliminatedinanearlystage.Thewantedinteractionwastomakethe light object react on the movement of the user withouttheuserhavingtotouchthelamp.Inthiswaynophysicalconnectionwouldhavetobemade.Thiswouldmakethedialoguebetweenproductanduserstronger.Finally,therewaschosenforaproximitysensor,sincethiswasthecheapestsolutionanditwouldworkwhenitwouldbefullydarkasthisalsowasthecaseintheobservations.

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Trying to combine the technology research and the research done on the bracket fungi, a prototype wasmadeconsistingofaninfraredsensorusedasaproximity sensor. If the sensor sensed that something wasnear,lightswenton.Thelampconsistedoffoursegmentsofwhicheachhadtheirownsensorinit.Thisresultedinalampwhichwouldinteractwiththeuserbytheusersmovements.Inthiswayadialoguewascreatedinwhichtheuserwouldmovetowardsthelampandthelampwouldreactonthatmovement.

Themovementthatthisconceptevokedwasquite the same as found in the earlier movement explorations: It asked for light and gentle accelerating and decelerating movements of the users’ body. The fragileshape,thematerialandthewhitecolorwasevoking these rather soft movements.

PROTOTYPING

First Prototype

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Live passes by in full speed. We live in a society where competition and perfomance play a very big role. The growth and development of everything around us is almost impossible to follow. We constantly want to move further at full power and often we forget to stand still for a while. These high expectations in live make people feel rushed, nervous and tensed. (Ontspannen door het leven, 2006)

MEMINI FromtheresearchandexplorationsthatweredonetheconceptMEMINIwascreated.MEMINIisalampwhichfocusesontheinteractionbetweenthe lamp and the user by means of movement and light. The lamp evokes a reaction from the moving personandtriestohaveadialoguewiththeuser.MEMINI appears and disappears as a reaction on the movement of the user and it is based on the appearing and disappearing in nature.

MEMINIwantstomaketheuserobserveandinteract. This has to be experienced in a conscious way.Everyoneneedsamomentinwhichtheirfocuswillbeonrelaxation.Somepeopleplaysport,otherslisten or play music or dance. These hobbies all give a certain distraction and inner rest.

CONCEPT

Thefeelingthatwasgainedwhiledoingtheobservationsintheearlierstadiaoftheprojectwasmostly rest and peace. This meant observing nature had some sort of a similar impact as playing music or dancing: It helped to relax.

By letting the user observe MEMINI and interact withit,MEMINIwantstogivetheuserafocusedinteractioninwhichtheuserwillonlypayattentiontothedialoguewiththelamp.Bythistheneedforinner rest can be supported. With MEMINI it is possible for the user to make a light and movement choreography.

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FINAL PROTOTYPE

FORMThefinalprototypeconsistedoffour‘platforms’thatlightedupwhenahandwasnear.Inthiswaytheusercouldcreatealightchoreographywhichwillgiveafeelingthatisslightlysimilartodancingormakingmusic.Toimprovethefinalshapeforthefinalprototype,irregularitieswereappliedtotheplatformsin order to make them look more natural. The tight and clean shapes used in the previous prototype askedforrectilinearmovementswhilethiswasnottheintention.Thewavingshapeofthefinalprototypewouldevokelessstraightmovementsalongthesidesoftheplatformsanditwouldinvitetomorewavingmovements.Moreoverfabricwasaddedtogivetheplatforms more dimension and to make the lamp look softer.Thiswouldevokeaninteractionthatwouldbemoregentleandsecure,aswasfoundinthematerialexploration sessions. The fabric also gave a nice look whenlightsfromtheupperplatformshinedonit.

GND

5 V Pin 8 Pin 9 Pin 10 Pin 11 Pin 12 Pin 13

Pin A0 Pin A1 Pin A2 Pin A3 Pin A4 Pin A5

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ELECTRONICSTheelectronicsusedforthisprototypewereeightinfraredsensors,ofwhichfouremittorsandfourdetectors, used as a proximity sensor. Each proximity sensorwasconnectedtotheirownplatform.Whenthe infrared sensor detected something close to the platform,lightswentoninthatplatform.Thiswouldmakeitpossibletogetadialoguebetweentheuserand the lamp. Alotoftimewentintoprogrammingandcalibratingthe electronics. The parts had to be integrated separately to prevent errors from occuring.Infraredwasagoodsolutiontomakethelampfullyoperatewhenitwasplacedinadarksurrounding,butsince infrared is very sensitive for UV-light, calibration had to be done in the dark. If only a little bit of light wouldfallononeofthesensorswhilecalibrating,thelightswouldgoonintheplatformconnectedwiththat sensor. A video of the electronics can be found here.

Schematics of Prototype

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Final Prototype

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Fromthebeginningoftheprojecttherewasafocusonbodymovementinrelationtolight.Thefinalprototypearosefrommovementsessionswiththebodyoftheuser.Inthiswaytheuserwasinvolvedintheprocessinanearlystadium.Whenthefinalprototypewasfinished,atestwasconductedwithalargerscaleofusers.TogetherwitheightusersmovementsessionswereheldtogetherwithMEMINI.Inthesetestsacoupleofquestionswereasked:Thefirstquestionwastodescribethefeelingbeforeinteractingwiththelamp.ThiswouldmakeitpossibletounderstandwhichinfluenceinteractingwithMEMINIwouldhave.Thentheuserhadtocomeupwithawaytoappearphysicallybeforethelamp.Sometimewasgiventointeractwiththelamp.Next,theuserwasaskedagainhowtheyfelt,nowduringtheinteractionwiththelampandonemoretimewhenfinished.Finallytheywereaskediftheycouldrelateittosomethingorwheretheywouldseethislamp.Meanwhilethemovementoftheuserwasanalyzed.The outcomes of the usertest can be found in the appendix.

Concludedfromtheusertestitwasfoundoutthatthereweretwomaindifferentwaysofappearinginfrontofthelamp.Therewasacarefulandgentlemovement,whichwasmorefeminineandtherewasamovementthatwasslightlyfasterandbigger.Thismovement appeared to be more masculine. In the feminineway,thelampalsoreactedgentler.Itturnedonandoffslowlyandgradually.

USERTESTING

Themasculinewayresultedinshortmomentsoflightwhichcouldbecomparedtotheflashofacamera.Thesemovementsmadebytheuserweremorerobotic, yet still looking light.

Themovementsintheusertestwasmuchinlinewiththe movements found in the movement sessions in thebeginningoftheproject.Somewordsthatcoulddescribe the movement in the usertest corresponded to the earlier movement session: light, gentle, accelerating and decelerating and controlled. Yet, the speedofthemovementswassometimesdifferent.Inthefirstmovementsessionsthemovementwasoftenwavingandthemovementwasinitiatedfromdifferentangles.Intheusertestthemovementwasofteninitiated from the front and less from the sides. There wasalsoadifferencebetweenmenandwomen.Allmenusedfastermovementswhichweremoreroboticwhilewomenusedmovementsthatwereabitmorewavingandgraceful.Theremayhavebeenarelationbetweenthemovementthatwasmadebysome users and their rhythmic background as there wasreferredtoplayingthedrumsandmostofthewomenhadabackgroundindancing,buttherewasnot done enough research in this area to substantiate this hypothesis.

Click heretoseethevideoofusersinteractingwiththe prototype.

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MEMINInowreactsonthemovementofthebodymainly focusing on the movement of the hands. In the futureitwouldbenicetoseeifMEMINIcouldgrowintoalifesizelampwhichwouldallowtheusertomove in more directions and to use different body partsforinteractingwithMEMINI.Itwouldthenbepossible to see it more like an interactive art object insteadofalampathome.Itstillwouldhavethequalityofformingadialoguebetweenthelampandtheuser,butitwouldencouragetheusermoretoreallydesignalightandmovementchoreographywiththelamp.IntheusertesttherewasasmalldifferencefoundinhowpeopleinteractedwithMEMINIbutthisdifferencewouldbebiggerwhenitwouldbepossibletouselargermovementsthatwouldusemorespatialpathways.Inthiswaythechoreographythatwouldariseshallrepresenttheusermorethanwhenonlyusingthehandsandcentralspatialpathways.

ItwouldalsobeinterestingtoseewhathappensifMEMINIandtheuserswitchplaces.Now,MEMINIis the main object and it is placed in the middle of the interaction. The user moves around MEMINI. A nextresearchquestionwouldbe:WhatiftheuserisplacedinthemiddleandMEMINIwouldconsistoflittle particles that are placed around the user? In this waythemovementthattheuserwouldhavetomaketointeractwithMEMINIwouldagainbeabetterrepresentation of the user and the choreography that willbecreatedwillbemoreunique.

FUTURE

User testing

User testing

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DESIGN PROCESSThis project served as an introduction to design my ownmovement-baseddesignapproachanditgavetheopportunitytodiveintoanewdesignprocesswhichIverymuchlikedbutIfounditveryhardtoworkwith.UsuallyinaB3.2projectallthethingsthatarelearnedinthepastfewyearsarecombinedintooneproject.InthisprojectthiswasdifferentsinceIdecidedtostartdevelopingatotallynewapproachthatwouldbetterfitwithmyvision,goalsandwhoIam.IthinkthereasonwhyIfounditsodifficulttodothiswasthatIhadnocluewheretostartandwhatIcouldexpect.Ioftenhadnoideawherethingswouldlead me. I did not like the feeling of being lost and not knowingifthethingsIwasdoingwouldbeuseful.ThestructureIoncehadinmydesignprocesswasalsodifferentsoIcouldn’trelyonmyoldworkandways.

YetIbelievethisprojectwasagoodintroductiontofindouthowtointegratemovementinthedesignprocessandwhichrolemovementcanplaywhendesigning. I think in the future it is best to combine myolddesignmethodstothenewone.InthiswayIwillprobablybeabletogainricherconcepts,whichItendtofindhardwhenonlydesigningfrommovement.Istillthinkthisapproachwillhavehugebenefitswhendesigninginteractionormovement.

EVALUATION

VISIONThisprojectwasagreatopportunitytodesignaccording to my vision and to improve my vision. Through the years I came along several inspirational aspectswhichformedmyvision.MyfirstdiscoveryofwhatIwasinterestedinwasdesigningforexperience.IfollowedtheassignmentKanseiDesignwhichtaughtme to design for senses and the body. In doing so, I believeastrongercommitmentbetweentheuserandthe product can arise. AsecondaspectIwasfascinatedbyismovementina design and the movement of the users. Because of thisprojectIwasabletodivedeeperintothissubjectandfocusonmyownmovementdesignapproach.Ibelieve designing through movement and interacting can help designing movement and interaction. This can helptodesignawantedexperience.ThissemesterItried to place movement in the centre of the design process by designing through moving. By relating my ideasandconceptstothebodyitleadtonewideaswithatangibleconnectionfortheuser.Ibelievethisconnectionbetweenaproductandthebodycancreatenewmeaningandvaluefortheuser.

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FORM AND SENSES The ideation phase and the shape of the prototype wasnowderivedfromoneoftheobservations,butiftherewasmoretimeleftIwouldhaveconductedmoreresearchonshape.IwouldhavemadeabiggerprototypeandIwouldexperimentwithswitchingtheplace of the user and the lamp as told in the chapter ‘future’.Form&senseswasnowstronglyrelatedtothe ideas & concepts part and the development of these competencies accompanied each other.

TECHNOLOGYInthepastIgainedsomeknowledgeinelectronicsbutIhadnotworkedwithsensorsandprogrammingin a long time. During this semester I got more familiarwithwritingaprogramandsinceIonlyhadlittleexperiencewithwritingprogramswitharduino and processing, I believe I have improved a lot.LookingbackitwouldhavebeenbetterifIhadchosenadifferentsensor,sinceinfraredwastoosensitiveandalotoftimewasspendoncalibrating.TheroomwhereIwasmakingtheprototypeandshowingtheprototypewasn’ttotallydarkwhichledtocomplications.Ithoughtthiswouldnotbeaproblem, since the lamp had to operate in the dark to getthenicestresults,butitbecamefrustratingwhennotbeinginatotallydarkroomwhencalibratingthelamp.YetIwasproudtohaveaworkingprototypeonthefinalexibition.

USER FOCUSInthissemesterIinvolvedtheuserinadifferentwaythanIwasusedtoinearliersemesters.BecausethisprocesswasveryexperimentalIfounditdifficulttoinvolve real users from the beginning of the project. SinceitwasatotallynewdesignapproachformeIdidn’tyetknowwhattoexpectofthemovementdesignapproach.Thereforeitwashardtogetinputfromusersandtoprovidethemwithcleartasks.That’swhytheobservationsandideagenerationwasdonebymovementresearchwithmyownbody.Iused my body as general body for any user. This made itabletodouserresearchwhileexploringwithbodymovement.Ianalyzedhowmybodyreactedonthelightandhowthelightreactedonmybody.Lateronthis could be abstracted to more users. Intheendoftheprojectthefinalprototypewastestedwithusers.ItriedtoanalysethemovementsthattheusersmadeandIalsotriedtoseewhatkindofmovementsthelampwasevoking.Therewasahugesimilaritybetweenthemovementsfoundduring the movement sessions in the beginning of the project and the movements done by the users in the usertest.

If I had made a bigger prototype it could probably have been possible to get more feedback out of the usertestsbecausenowthemovementthatthelampwasevokingwasrathersmall.IfIwouldfollowmyfutureplans,theprototypewouldbecomebiggerandthe movements made by the users too.

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CONCLUSIONOverallIamveryhappywithwhatIhaveachievedand learned this semester. In this semester I started toworkaccordingtomyvisionwhichgavemeawarenessofawholenewdesignapproach.ItriedtodesignmyownmovementbaseddesignapproachbycombiningtheknowledgeIhadgainedintheassignmentofSietskeKloosterwiththemeetingswithmycoachwhoisalsoanexpertintheLaban/Bartenieff Movement Analysis method. I have managed todoaprojectinwhichmovementwastheleadfromthebeginninguntiltheend.Inowhaveamuchclearerviewonhowtointegratemovementinmydesignprocess and I have managed to improve my vision as a designer. In the future I can elaborate the movement designprocessbycombiningitwithotherdesignprocesses. I noticed the movement design approach isusefulwhendesigninginteractionsandmovement,thoughitwouldleadtobetterconceptsthataremore‘outofthebox’ifitiscombinedwithotherbrainstormtechniques.Idohaveabetterviewonwhattoexpectfromworkingwithamovementbaseddesignapproachandhowtosetclearerresearchquestions for my movement based design approach. In thiswayIwillbeabletoworkwithadesignprocesswhichincludesmovementasitdidnow,butwhichismore structured again.

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REFERENCES

Move to get moved: a search for methods, tools and knowledge to design for expressive and rich movement-based interaction: Caroline Hummels, Kees C. J. Overbeeke, Sietske Klooster, 2007

http://sietskeklooster.nlretrieved in January 2013

Handout workshop LMA Shape and space, Roos van Berkel, 2009

Handout workshop LMA Effort, Roos van Berkel, 2010

Ontspannen door het leven, Reinholt Rutte, 2006

De kleur van de maan, Paola Bressan, 2009

The spell of the sensuous: Perception and Language in a More-Than-Human World, David Abram, 1996

Help in electronics:http://domoarigatomissesmicherro.tumblr.com/post/1642076856/project-5-prototype-inputs-output, retrieved in November 2012

http://www.instructables.com/id/Linefollower-robot-from-Arduino-and-junk-thought/step3/Sensor-schematic/, retrieved in November 2012

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CONNECTION INSPIRATIONAL APPROACHESThe Laban Movement Analysis method, the assignment training the creative body and my project had in common that they all had movement as a base. InmyprojectItriedtocombinetheknowledgeIgotinmyassignmenttogetherwiththeknowledgeIhadgained about the Laban/Bartenieff Movement Analysis method and the expert and coach meetings of Roos van Berkel. In the assignment training the creative body I had a material,dough,whichIhadtoformwithmybodytoafinalshape.Ianalyzedtheimpactthatthedifferentwaysofkneadinghadonthefinalshape.Ialsotriedto focus on the interaction of eating bread and the experienceofdifferentwaysofeating.With the Laban Movement Analysis method I learned howtodescribemovementsthataremadebythehuman body. With this method I became able to analyzemovementsandnamethem.Ilearnedtolookat not only the moving object itself but also to its surroundings.Byfocusinghowsomethingismovingtowardseachotherorinthespace,Igotaclearerviewontheimpactofmyproduct.Itriedtousethisinformationinmyownproject,byhavingmyownbodyasinput.ThroughmovingtowardslightItriedtocomeupwithusefulinteractionswhichcouldbeanalysedbyusingtheLaban/Bartenieff Movement Analysis method.

APPENDIX

COACHMEETINGS WITH ROOSIn the coachmeetings of this project many questionswereaskedbyRoosvanBerkel.Duringthe coachmeetings I used the expertise of Roos indesigningwithmovementtodevelopmyownmovement design approach. Roos often indicated questionsIcouldanswerwhileobserving.Herabstractwayofthinkinghelpedmetoanalyzeandobserve my surroundings better. While looking at thingsanddoingthings,Ialsolookedonhowmybodyhelpedwithitandreactedonit.ThishelpedmetoformulatequestionsthatIwantedtohaveansweredby the end of the project: What should my product doandhowdoesmyproductreactonthebody?Which movement does the product evoke by the user?Whatwillbethedeeperlayers?Bywritingamission statement my goals of the project and the waytoachievethosegoalsbecameclear.Thedialoguebetweentheproductandtheuserbecamethefocuspoint of the project.RoossaidIhadtoseemyownbodyasmaterialinteractingwithlight.Thishelpedmewithdoingmovementresearch.BymovingtowardsalightsourceinmultiplewaysItriedtoobservedifferentwaysofinteractingbetweenalightandthebody.Thisresearch,basedonknowledgeIgainedinthe assignment Training the Creative Body could be further analysed by using the Laban/Bartenieff MovementAnalysis,thatwasintroducedtomebyRoos.

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IDEATING

PLANNING

VALIDATING

PROTOTYPING

CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

TESTING

FOLLOW-UP

PRODUCING

IDEA DEVELOPMENT

RESEARCH

TIME

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DECISIONS

PRESENTING

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MISSION STATEMENT

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SKETCHINGRESEARCHING

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MATERIAL

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COSTS

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IMPROVING

CONTACT

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PROFIT

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B1.2

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DESIGN PROCESSInthepastthreeyearsIhavelearnedhowto go through the different aspects of the designcycle.EachsemesterIlearnednewchainsofthedesignprocesswhichIcouldadd in the design cycle. This helped me to developmyowndesignprocesswhichIcan use in future projects. Above you can seewhichaspectsIlearnedthissemesterandhowthatenrichedmyknowledgeofthe design process.

Amissionstatementwashelpfulwhendoing an abstract and large project like thisone.IthelpedmetofocusonwhatIwantedtoachieveandhowIcoulddo this. I noticed that the movement based interaction approach I had this semesterisveryusefulwhendesigninganinteractionorwhendesigningmovement.Ialsolearnedthatobservingandfilmingisanicewayofgeneratingideas,butIbelieveitwouldsuitmebetterifIwouldcombineitwithotherwaysofideagenerating to gain more richeness in my concepts. Overall, I think I have learned some very strong and useful aspects of thedesigncyclewhichIcanuseinfurtureprojects.

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COMPETENCIES DEVELOPED WITHIN THIS PROJECT

IDEAS AND CONCEPTSIdeatingcanbedoneinseveralwaysandeverydesignerdoesitintheirownway.FromthebeginningofthisstudyIalwaystriedtofindawaythatfitsmemostandwhichgetsthemostoutofme.ThissemesterIchosetofocusonadesignapproachthatwouldfitmyvisionasadesigner;amovementbaseddesignapproach.Bydoingresearchandideatingbymoving,Itriedtogivemoredepthtomyideas.Ilearnednewbrainstormtechniquesbyobserving(researching)andtranslatingobservationsintoprototypes.Thiswasaveryhands-onapproachwhichneededadifferentideationprocess.Ididobservationsofnaturebutalsoofthemovingbodywhileinteractingwithlight.I’velearnedthatthiswayofbrainstormingcanresultinideasthatfitmewellasadesigner.

INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGYFortheproject‘TransientTidesofLight’Imadealightobjectwhichincludedpartsoftechnologywhenusingandprogrammingsensorstogetaspecificinteraction.AsadesignerIaimondesigningproductsthatgiveanexperiencetotheuser.ThissemesterItriedtodesignwithmovementtodesignmovement.Ifinditinterestingwhenaproduct‘looks’or ‘acts’ alive. This means that a product should be intelligent to some extent. As a designer I don’t aim on making directlyintelligentproducts,butIdobelieveitoftencancreatemorevalue.InthissemesterIgotaclearerviewonhowtousedifferentsensorsandhowtoprogramthem.Iusedmovementofthebodyasinputformyproductandlightasthe output. This I achieved by using infrared proximity sensors.

USER FOCUS AND PERSPECTIVEUser focused design is an important aspect in this study. In past semesters I learned that user research can be valuable whendesigning:Byhavingtheuserscontributingtotheprocessdesignerscangetinputandinspiration.Theycanhelptodesign(co-design,co-creation)orgiveinputbyansweringquestionsinaquestionnaireorinterview.Usersarealsoimportantinalaterstadiumoftheprocesswhiletestingtheprototypes.Ausercanhelptomaketheproductasuccessandsincetheuserwillhavetobuytheproducteventually,itisimportanttokeepinmindtheirwishesanddesiresfromthebeginningoftheprocess.ThissemesterIfocusedonmyownbodyandusedmyownbodyasbodyoftheuser.InthiswayImanagedtohaveauserfocusedapproach.WhiletestingmyproductafterprototypingIusedrealuserswhichcouldvalidatetheproductandgivenewinsightsandfeedback.

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FORM AND SENSESIfollowedtheassignment‘TrainingtheCreativeBody’togetfamiliarwithdesigningwiththebodytocreateshapesandinteractions.Iwentfurtheronthisapproachinmyprojectbyfocusingonmovementexplorationsandthebehavioroflight.Theprocessconsistedofmovementexplorationsfollowedbyformandmaterialexplorations.Ihadahands-onapproachwhichwasinitiatedbythemovementofmyownbody.InthisprojectForm&SenseswashighlycombinedwithIdeas&Concepts.

DESIGN AND RESEARCH PROCESSESThissemesterIappliedliteratureandmovementdesignmethodsforinspirationandinformationtomonitormyowndesignandresearchprocess.IamfascinatedbydifferentlearningapproachesandIalwaystrytofindthebestoneformyself.ThissemesterIhadaveryabstractprojectandincombinationwiththenewdesignapproachitwasharderformetotakesteps,butImanagedtoleadmyowndesignprocessinadirectionIwantedittogowiththehelpfrommycoach, Roos van Berkel.

SELF-DIRECTED AND CONTINUOUS LEARNINGInthepastyearsofmystudyIhaveconstantlytriedtopickupnewskillsandintegratetheminmyproject.Thisresultedinaniterativedesignprocesswhichchangedeverysemester.ByworkingwithandbuildingupontheknowledgeIalreadyhad,Itriedtoachievemoredepth.Ilearnedbyintegratingskillsinmyproject.BytryingtoachievegoalsIlearnednewskillsandIbackedthemupwithmyexistingskills.

TEAMWORK AND COMMUNICATIONSincemyprojectwasanindividualproject,myteamworkexperienceswerelimitedtodiscussionswithotherstudentsinthepressurecookerweeks,andworkingwith2expertsand8users.InmyassignmentIdidworkinteamsandinbothofthemIhadtheroleofteamleader.Iamveryfondofworkinginteamsbecauseitkeepsmemotivatedandinspired.

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USERTEST OUTCOMESThreequestionswereaskedbeforeconductingtheusertestwhichtheycouldansweraftertheusertest.Ihaveconductedthistestwith8persons.ThequestionsIaskedthemwere:

Question 1: Try to focus on the feeling before, during and after the actionQuestion 2: Appear before the lamp and disappear again.Question 3: Which reaction does the lamp give you?

Person 1:- Woman, 20- Movesslowly- Tries to fade in and fade out- Takessometimetofigureoutitdoesn’t need to get touched- Feeling before: Interested, - Feeling during: Interested, fun. - Feeling after: Playful.- Quote:“Itfunctionslikeamirror.”

Person 2:- Man, 15- Fast movement, short reaction- Staccato movements, robotic movements.- Feeling before: normal- Feeling during: normal- Feeling after: normal

Person 3:- Woman, 22- Gentle,weavingmovements.Her movements look a bit like dancing.- Feeling before: Exiting- Feeling during: Fun- Feeling after: More focused

Person 4: - Man, 22- Waitsslowlyforareactionandthentries togetawayasfastaspossibleagain.It looks a bit like he got stung by the light.- Feeling before: Peaceful- Feeling during: Curious- Feeling after: Enjoyed- Quote:“Ittookmesometimetofigure outwhatwasexpectedfromme. Ididn’tunderstandhowtointeractwithit atfirst.”

Person 5:- Woman, 18- Refers to making music - Quote:“ItfeelslikeIamplayingthedrums. Maybe music can be integrated too!”- Aftersometimestartworkingwithtwo hands, drumming pattern- Feeling before: Just normal- Feeling during: Playful- Feeling after: Happier

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Person 6:- Woman, 52- Carefully turns on the light by appearing slowlyanddisappearingslowly.- Feeling before: Happy- Feeling during: Excited- Feeling after: Happy Quote:“Itlookslikeartanddanceis combined to one project. I see it as an art installation.”

Person 7:- Woman, 21- Usessubtlemovementswhichresultsin flashinglights.- After some time the lights are on for a longer time.- Feeling before: Curious- Feeling during: Happy- Feeling after: Happy

Person 8:- Man, 24- Usestwohandstoturnonasmuchlightas possible. He uses fast movements to turn thelightsonandoff.Afterawholehetries to leave a trace of light.- Feeling before: Bored- Feeling during: Surprised- Feelingafter:Satisfied

FINAL WRITTEN CODE

//variables:int sensorValue0 = 0;int sensorMin0 = 0;int sensorMax0 = 5000;int sensorValue1 = 0;int sensorMin1 = 0;int sensorMax1 = 5000;int sensorValue2 = 0;int sensorMin2 = 0;int sensorMax2 = 5000;int sensorValue3 = 0;int sensorMin3 = 0;int sensorMax3 = 5000;

void setup() { pinMode(9, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(9, HIGH); pinMode(10, OUTPUT);digitalWrite(10, HIGH); pinMode(11, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(11, HIGH); pinMode(3, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(3, HIGH);

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while(millis()<5000){ sensorValue0 = analogRead(sensorPin0);if(sensorValue0<sensorMax0){ sensorMax0 = sensorValue0; } sensorValue1 = analogRead(sensorPin1);if(sensorValue1<sensorMax1){ sensorMax1 = sensorValue1; } sensorValue2 = analogRead(sensorPin2);if(sensorValue2<sensorMax2){ sensorMax2 = sensorValue2; } sensorValue3 = analogRead(sensorPin3);if(sensorValue3<sensorMax3){ sensorMax3 = sensorValue3; } if (sensorValue0 > sensorMin0) { sensorMin0 = sensorValue0; } if (sensorValue1 > sensorMin1) { sensorMin1 = sensorValue1; } if (sensorValue2 > sensorMin2) { sensorMin2 = sensorValue2; } if (sensorValue3 > sensorMin3) { sensorMin3 = sensorValue3; } }}

void loop() { sensorValue0 = analogRead(sensorPin0); sensorValue1 = analogRead(sensorPin1); sensorValue2 = analogRead(sensorPin2); sensorValue3 = analogRead(sensorPin3); sensorValue0 = map(sensorValue0, sensorMin0, sensorMax0, -255, 255); sensorValue1 = map(sensorValue1, sensorMin1, sensorMax1, -255, 255); sensorValue2 = map(sensorValue2, sensorMin2, sensorMax2, -255, 255); sensorValue3 = map(sensorValue3, sensorMin3, sensorMax3, -255, 255);

sensorValue0 = constrain(sensorValue0, 0, 255); sensorValue1 = constrain(sensorValue1, 0, 255); sensorValue2 = constrain(sensorValue2, 0, 255); sensorValue3 = constrain(sensorValue3, 0, 255); analogWrite(ledPin0, sensorValue0); analogWrite(ledPin1, sensorValue1); analogWrite(ledPin2, sensorValue2); analogWrite(ledPin3, sensorValue3); }