Renewable •

Energy and Landscape Quality

Michael Roth Sebastian Eiter Sina Röhner Alexandra Kruse Serge Schmitz Bohumil Frantal Csaba Centeri Marina Frolova Matthias Buchecker Dina Stober lsidora Karan Dan van der Horst (eds.)

Content

07

Preface

08

0.1

lntroduction

10

0.2

COST RELY

Factsheet: A

Success Story

16

1 NATIONAL OVERVIEWS

98

2 INTRODUCTION: ENERGY LANDSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE QUALITY

104

2

lntroduction of RE Types a11d

Their Impacts on Landscape

128

2 2

Pan-European Policy Aspects

of RE and Landscape Ouality

130

Landscapes in Existing

Impact Assessments for

Renewable Energies

134

3 LANDSCAPE POTENTIAL AND VULNERABILITY TO RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT

139

3.1

What Fits Where? Landscape

Approach to Renewable

Energy Development

145

3.2

Developing Renewables

in Crowded Landscapes:

In Search of International

Smart Practice

152

3.3

Narrating the Smart

Practices of Renewable

Energy Development

166

3.4

The Potential and

Vulnerability of Landscapes

for Specific Renewable

Energy Production Systems

174

4 SOCIO-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION

179

4.1

Public Acceptance of

Renewable Energy Projects:

A Focus on Wind Energy

185

4.2

Participatory Planning of

Renewable Energy with a

Focus on Best Practice

200

4.3

Tool-box for Effective

Renewable Energy Planning

212

5 OUTREACH OF

~

COST RELY AND REFLECTION ON FUTURE STRATEGIES

214

5.1

Transformations in European

Energy Landscapes:

Towards 2030Targets

226

5.2

Adaptive Management

Strategies for Renewable

Energy Landscapes

236

5.3

Open Windows to European

Energy Landscapes

247

5.4

Speaking a Common Language:

The COST RELY Glossary as a

Basis forTransdisciplinary and

International Collaboration

256

5.5

Outreach of the COST

Action RELY: Summary of

Dissemination Activities

260

5.6

Impact through Education

266

References

288

Editor Profiles

292

List of Authors

295

Im print

20 28 36

1.1 1.5 1.9 Albania Bulgaria France

22 30 40

1.2 1.6 1.10 Austria Croatia Germany

24 32 44

1.3 1.7 1.11 Belgium Czech Republic Greece

26 34 46

1.4 1.8 1.12 Bosnia and Estonia Hungary Herzegovina

NATIONAL OVERVIEWS

48 62 74 86

1.13 1.19 1.24 1.29

lceland Malta Romania Sweden

52 64 76 88

1.14 1.20 1.25 1.30

lreland Montenegro Serbia Switzerland

54 66 78 90

1.15 1.21 1.26 Netherlands Slovakia 1.31

Israel Turkey

56 68 80

1.16 1.22 1.27 92

ltaly Norway Slovenia 1.32 United

58 72 82 Kingdom

1.17 1.23 1.28

Latvia Portugal Spain 96

1.33

60 FYR Macedonia

1.18 Lithuania

INTRODUCT 0 ENERGY LAN-SCAPEAND LANDSCAPE QUAL TV

LANDSCAPE POTENTIAL ANDVULNER­ABILITYTO RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT

145 153 164 3.2 3.3.1 3.3.7

it Fits Where? Developing Tackling Energy EnergyTourism: dscape Renewables Poverty with Embracing Visibility

Renewables: Solar of Renewables as Jroach to in Crowded Energy in Peripheral an Asset in the 1ewable Landscapes: Rural Areas Contemporary rgy In Search of Place Competition

.elopment International 154 166 Smart Practice 3.3.2

From Wasted Land 3.4 145 to Megawatts: The Potential

duction: 3.2.1 Developing and Vulnerability

, lssue to lntroduction Renewable Enei:gy of Landscapes on Post-industrial ortunity

146 Brownfields for Specific 3.2.2 Renewable Ouesting a ,Smart

156 Energy

dscape System Practice' in 3.3.3 Production

Renewable Energy Energy Roads

Development and Roofs: Systems Providing Synergy with Existing 166 dscape 147 1 nfra structu re 3.4.1 1amics 3.2.3

The Bond between Research Method 158 Landscapes and and Procedure 3.3.4 Renewable Energy

dscape 147 Farming, Fishing, 167 and Fermenting: racter 3.2.4 A Green Island 3.4.2

Dataset of Economy The How and Who Smart Practice of the Participative Case Studies 160 Pan-European

1dscape as 3.3.5 Expert Assessment Jurce 149

Exploiting 3.2.5 Water Courses 168 Results Sustainably: 3.4.3

Seeking a Synergy A Spatial cluding 151 of Hydropower Representation

'lughts: The 3.2.6 with Environment of the Experts' rative of Energy Discussion and Assessment 1dscape Policy lmplications 162

3.3.6 172 152 Harvesting Energy 3.4.4 3.3 and Food: Land Discussing Limi-Narrating the Use Synergy via tations and Future Smart Practices Technological lmprovements for

Innovation This Assessment of Renewable Energy 173 Development 3.4.5

Next Steps towards Research and Publications

SOCIO­CULTURAL ASPECTS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION

OUTREACH OF COSTRELYAN REFLECTION ON FUTURE STRATEGIES

226 247 256 5.2 5.4 5.5

~ra nsformations Adaptive Speaking Outreach of the :' European Management a Common COST Action :nergy Strategies for Language:The RELY: Summary .dndscapes: Renewable COST RELY of Dissemination ~owards 2030 Energy Glossary as Activities Targets Landscapes a Basis for

Transdisciplinary 260 226 and International 5.6 5.2.1 Collaboration Impact through

Jolicy Context lntroduction Education

227 248

1.2 5.2.2 5.4.1 260

Landscape Change Landscape Change lntroduction 5.6.1

and Adaptive Awareness-raising 249

Management 5.4.2 260

L :;enewables and 233 Methodological 5.6.2

.andscape Change 5.2.3 Approach RELY Education

Pathways of to Glossary 262 ~. Preparation ,. Landscape Change

i.4 5.6.3

11tegrated 235 252 Final Remarks

Landscape Change 5.2.4 5.4.3

Conclusions Overview of Glossa ry Terms

15 with Examples

Conclusions 236 254

5.3 5.4.4

Open Windows to Discussion

European Energy 255 Landscapes 5.4.5

Conclusion: 237 Future Use 5.3.1 The Photograph Database Project

238

5.3.2 Mapping the RELY Photographs

243

5.3.3 Views of Renewable Energy Landscape Sites