released 4 science items · 2013-11-26 · • earth science • life science 2003 cognitive...

4RELEASED

SCIENCE ITEMS

This book contains the released Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2003 grade 4 science assessment items. This is not a complete set of all TIMSS 2003 assessment items because some items are kept confidential so that they may be used in subsequent cycles of TIMSS to measure trends.

How Can This Set of Released Items Be Used?

In teacher-designed assessments. The items in this book present different ways of measuringstudents’ understanding in various content and cognitive domains. A teacher may use theseitems to create an assessment according to the needs of the class after reviewing the items andselecting items of interest.

For feedback on student understanding. Student responses can be scored according to thescoring information provided in the book. Items that coincide with concepts taught in classallow the teacher to gain feedback on the students’ understanding of assessed concepts. Forexample, a teacher might decide to examine the incorrect or partially correct responses of theclass. The teacher might use the items to identify particular difficulties or misconceptionsexperienced by individual students, which can serve as the basis for some remedial teaching orfocused practice.

To benchmark student performance. The teacher might also compare the percent of studentsin the class who responded correctly to an item with the percent of students who respondedcorrectly to the same item in other education systems or in the United States.

18679.0206

TIMSS and PIRLS are copyrighted and are registered trademarks of IEA. Released items from TIMSS and PIRLS assessments are for non-commercial, educational, and research purposes only. Translated versions of items remain the intellectual property of IEA. Although the items are in the public domain, please print an acknowledgement of the source, including the year and name of the assessment you are using. If you publish any part of the released items from TIMSS 2003, please use the following acknowledgement:

SOURCE: TIMSS 2003 Assessment. Copyright © 2005 International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). Publisher: TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center, Lynch School of Education, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA and International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), IEA Secretariat, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Guide to the Content and Layout of This Book

This book contains the released items from TIMSS 2003. Due to slight revisions in terminology and released information between cycles, the format for the items in each cycle differs slightly. Each item appears on a single page and is accompanied by a number of descriptors.

2003 Content Domains:

• Physical science (chemistry and physics)• Earth Science• Life Science

2003 Cognitive Domains:

• Factual knowledge• Conceptual understanding• Reasoning and analysis

Looking at Which decays fastest, the first item from TIMSS 2003, the content domain (physical science) and the cognitive domain (conceptual understanding) are also accompanied by the main topic (chemical change).

International item numbers identify each item. This number appears just below the item box.

Correct answers are shown beneath each item. These correct answers take two forms:

• Letter code. This form is used for the correct response on multiple-choice items.

• Scoring guide. This form is used to assist in scoring write-in responses. In some cases, partial credit may be awarded and these items will provide guidelines for fully correct, partially correct, and incorrect responses.

Sample student responses are provided for some extended response items.

International benchmarks are provided in a table next to each item. These consist of statistics on the percentage of students in each country who answered the question correctly. The countries are ordered in terms of this percentage. The international average is included as well, and this display also indicates which countries scored significantly higher, significantly lower, and not significantly different from this international average.

Correct Response:

Main TopicContent Domain Cognitive Domain

Overall Percent Correct

TIMSS 2003 4th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items

Country average vs. International average:

Higher pNotdifferent OLower q

PhysICal sCIenCe ChemicalChange ConceptualUnderstanding

Whichdecaysfastest

Item Number: S011008

D

S011008

If you throw each one of these things away, which will decay fastest?

a A glass bottle

b A metal can

c A plastic bottle

d An apple core

Belgium (Flemish) 94 pChinese Taipei 93 pJapan 92 pRussian Federation 92 pNorway 91 pNetherlands 86 pLatvia 79 pEngland 77 pUnited States 73 pHong Kong, SAR 72 pNew Zealand 70 pAustralia 69 OIran, Islamic Republic of 69 OSingapore 67 OHungary 66 OInternational average 65 OLithuania 64 OScotland 63 OItaly 62 OSlovenia 47 qCyprus 42 qMorocco 29 qPhilippines 29 qTunisia 23 qMoldova, Republic of 22 qArmenia 0 q

Copyright © 2005 International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). 3

Correct Response:







B


Candle flame last to go out

S031061

The pictures below show four identical burning candles. Each is covered bya glass container of a different size. Which candle flame will be the last togo out?

a b

c d

Cyprus 81 pNetherlands 81 pSingapore 81 pHong Kong, SAR 80 pHungary 79 pLatvia 78 pBelgium (Flemish) 78 pChinese Taipei 75 pItaly 74 pSlovenia 73 OUnited States 72 pLithuania 71 OEngland 69 ONorway 68 OAustralia 66 ORussian Federation 66 OInternational average 66 OScotland 65 ONew Zealand 63 OMoldova, Republic of 61 OArmenia 55 qIran, Islamic Republic of 52 qJapan 51 qPhilippines 47 qMorocco 34 qTunisia 30 q


Correct Response:







Activitythatresultsinnewmaterial


S031420

Which of these activities will result in a different kind ofmaterial being formed?

a A nail is left outside and it rusts.

b A glass is dropped and it shatters into small pieces.

c A rubber band is stretched until it breaks.

d A pencil is sharpened to a point.

Hong Kong, SAR 61 pChinese Taipei 57 pHungary 55 pRussian Federation 51 pItaly 49 pLatvia 49 pEngland 47 pNew Zealand 43 pArmenia 41 OAustralia 40 OJapan 40 OLithuania 39 OScotland 39 OSingapore 38 OInternational average 38 ONetherlands 37 ONorway 37 OUnited States 36 OSlovenia 31 qMoldova, Republic of 30 qIran, Islamic Republic of 27 qCyprus 22 qBelgium (Flemish) 21 qMorocco 20 qPhilippines 17 qTunisia 16 q

a


Correct Response:






PhysICal sCIenCeClassification

andCompositionofMatterConceptualUnderstanding

Whatstrongmagnetsseparate


C

S011006

A strong magnet will separate a mixture of

a clear glass and green glass.

b paper cups and plastic cups.

c iron nails and aluminum nails.

d sand and salt.

Japan 86 pNetherlands 85 pRussian Federation 85 pCyprus 83 pIran, Islamic Republic of 82 pLithuania 82 pMoldova, Republic of 82 pEngland 82 pItaly 81 pHungary 80 pChinese Taipei 79 pSingapore 79 pArmenia 78 OLatvia 76 OUnited States 76 OAustralia 75 OInternational average 75 OScotland 73 OHong Kong, SAR 72 OSlovenia 72 ONew Zealand 70 qBelgium (Flemish) 67 qPhilippines 65 qNorway 63 qTunisia 56 qMorocco 55 q


Correct Response:







andCompositionofMatterFactualKnowledge

Commonsubstancesthatdissolveinwater


D

S031035

Which of these things will dissolve in water?

a iron filings

b wood chips

c sand

d sugar

Chinese Taipei 94 pRussian Federation 93 pLithuania 91 pSlovenia 91 pJapan 87 pItaly 86 pLatvia 85 pHong Kong, SAR 84 pHungary 83 pIran, Islamic Republic of 83 pEngland 81 pSingapore 76 OUnited States 76 OInternational average 75 OMoldova, Republic of 74 OMorocco 74 OScotland 73 OArmenia 72 ONew Zealand 72 OAustralia 71 ONetherlands 71 OBelgium (Flemish) 62 qCyprus 61 qNorway 55 qPhilippines 54 qTunisia 36 q






Item Number: S031406A

sCORInGCorrect Response

• Namesanobjectmadeofmetal.Examples: Jewelry, money, electrical wires, magnet, pots/pans, cans, building materials (bridges,

beams in buildings, steel rods), boats, cars, etc.

• Othercorrect

Incorrect Response

• Onlygivesthenameofatypeofmetal.Examples: Copper, silver.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegible,orofftask)

Objectsmadeofmetals/name

S031406

Many objects are made of metals (like copper, iron and gold).This is because metals have many useful properties.

A. Name one object that is made out of metal.

B. What property of the metal makes it useful for this object?

a. PhysICal sCIenCe Classification and Composition of Matter Factual Knowledge

B.PHysiCALsCieNCe Classification and Composition of Matter ConceptualUnderstanding

Content Domain Main Topic Cognitive Domain

Scotland 86 pSingapore 84 pEngland 84 pHungary 83 pLithuania 83 pNew Zealand 83 pAustralia 80 pBelgium (Flemish) 80 pUnited States 79 pJapan 78 pLatvia 78 pSlovenia 78 pNetherlands 74 pChinese Taipei 73 pRussian Federation 71 pHong Kong, SAR 69 OMoldova, Republic of 68 OInternational average 65 OItaly 62 OCyprus 57 qNorway 50 qArmenia 40 qIran, Islamic Republic of 39 qPhilippines 23 qTunisia 22 qMorocco 5 q


Student Responses


Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:

Objectsmadeofmetals/name(continued)Item Number: S031406A






Item Number: S031406B


• NamesacorrectpropertyofmetalthatisclearlyrelatedtotheuseoftheobjectnamedinpartA.Examples: It’s shiny. (Part A: Bracelet); It conducts heat. (Part A: An Iron)

Magneticproperty.(PartA:Compass);Electricitycanflowthroughit.(PartA:Wire)It can be hammered into thin sheets without breaking. (Part A: Kitchen foil)It is strong and will not break. (Part A: Pole)

• Othercorrect

Incorrect Response

• Names only a type of metal that the object in Part A is made of. [No property identified.]Examples:Silver(PartA:Bracelet);Copper(PartA:Wire);Iron(PartA:Magnet)

Aluminum (Part A: Kitchen foil)

• NamesauseoftheobjectnamedinPartAinsteadofapropertyofmetal.Examples: To sit on. (Part A: Desk); To cut with. (Part A: Scissors)

It is used for money. (Part A: Coin)


Objectsmadeofmetals/property

A.PHysiCALsCieNCe Classification and Composition of Matter FactualKnowledge

B. PhysICal sCIenCe Classification and Composition of Matter Conceptual Understanding

S031406

Many objects are made of metals (like copper, iron and gold).This is because metals have many useful properties.

A. Name one object that is made out of metal.

B. What property of the metal makes it useful for this object?

Content Domain Main Topic Cognitive Domain

Lithuania 45 pHungary 38 pSingapore 38 pChinese Taipei 33 pJapan 28 pRussian Federation 28 pEngland 27 pInternational average 19 OAustralia 18 OHong Kong, SAR 18 OLatvia 18 ONew Zealand 18 OCyprus 15 qBelgium (Flemish) 15 qIran, Islamic Republic of 14 qSlovenia 14 qUnited States 14 qScotland 14 qArmenia 13 qItaly 13 qMoldova, Republic of 13 qNorway 11 qNetherlands 10 qTunisia 5 qPhilippines 4 qMorocco 2 q


Student Responses


Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:

Objectsmadeofmetals/property(continued)Item Number: S031406B


Correct Response:







D

Truestatementforallobjects


andCompositionofMatterFactualKnowledge

S031409

Which statement is true for all objects?

a All objects are shiny.

b All objects are hard.

c All objects are rough.

d All objects have mass.

Singapore 90 pHungary 85 pHong Kong, SAR 83 pLithuania 83 pChinese Taipei 82 pRussian Federation 81 pMoldova, Republic of 77 pAustralia 75 pUnited States 73 pJapan 71 pEngland 70 pLatvia 68 ONew Zealand 67 OBelgium (Flemish) 65 OInternational average 63 OItaly 61 OCyprus 59 OArmenia 55 qIran, Islamic Republic of 51 qNetherlands 50 qScotland 50 qPhilippines 48 qSlovenia 45 qNorway 37 qMorocco 36 qTunisia 21 q








andCompositionofMatterReasoningandAnalysis

identifywood,rockandiron


sCORInGTo be fully correct, all three materials must be identified correctly. Partial credit is given if one or two of the substances are identified correctly. If two substances are identified with the same number, neitheronecanbeconsideredascorrect.Forexample,aresponseof2,1,1shouldbescoredaspartiallycorrect.Aresponseof2,2,2shouldbescoredasincorrect.

Correct Response

• All three materials identified correctly: wood = 2; rock = 3; iron = 1

Partial Response

• Two materials identified correctly (1 left blank)

• Onlywood identified correctly (2); rock and iron are blank or reversed

• Onlyrock identified correctly (3); wood and iron are blank or reversed

• Onlyiron identified correctly (1); wood and rock are blank or reversed

• Otherpartiallycorrect(withatleastonematerialcorrect)

Incorrect Response

• incorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegibleorofftask)

S031053

The properties of three materials are compared in the table below.One of the materials is wood, one is rock and one is iron.

Property Material 1 Material 2 Material 3

Sinks in water? Yes No Yes

Burns easily? No Yes No

Attracted by a magnet? Yes No No

Identify the three materials by filling in the spaces below.

Wood is material number: _______________

Rock is material number: _______________

Iron is material number: _______________

Singapore 74 pJapan 69 pNetherlands 59 pHong Kong, SAR 58 pEngland 53 pBelgium (Flemish) 52 pChinese Taipei 48 pLithuania 45 pCyprus 44 pLatvia 42 ORussian Federation 42 OItaly 41 OAustralia 39 OUnited States 39 OScotland 38 OInternational average 38 ONew Zealand 37 OHungary 35 OSlovenia 35 ONorway 25 qTunisia 15 qArmenia 14 qPhilippines 12 qIran, Islamic Republic of 9 qMoldova, Republic of 9 qMorocco 7 q


Student Responses


Correct Response:

Partially Correct Response:

identifywood,rockandiron(continued)Item Number: S031053



Incorrect Response:

Student Responses (continued)

identifywood,rockandiron(continued)Item Number: S031053


Correct Response:







Whichbulbwilllight

PhysICal sCIenCe electricityandMagnetism ConceptualUnderstanding

C

Japan 95 pHong Kong, SAR 94 pChinese Taipei 91 pEngland 89 pSingapore 85 pCyprus 81 pSlovenia 81 pUnited States 81 pNew Zealand 80 pLatvia 79 pLithuania 79 pAustralia 78 OScotland 78 ORussian Federation 77 OItaly 76 OMoldova, Republic of 75 OBelgium (Flemish) 75 OInternational average 75 OHungary 74 ONorway 72 OPhilippines 72 ONetherlands 66 qIran, Islamic Republic of 65 qArmenia 53 qTunisia 37 qMorocco 31 q


Correct Response:






PhysICal sCIenCe electricityandMagnetism ConceptualUnderstanding

Figurewheretwomagnetsrepel


C

S031306

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Which of the figures above shows a situation where two magnets repel eachother?

a Figures 1 and 3

b Figures 2 and 3

c Figures 1 and 4

d Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4

N N SS

N S NS

S N SN

S S NN

Singapore 73 pJapan 65 pChinese Taipei 62 pHong Kong, SAR 54 pUnited States 50 pEngland 44 pRussian Federation 41 ONetherlands 40 OAustralia 39 OHungary 38 OInternational average 38 OArmenia 37 OItaly 36 OMoldova, Republic of 36 OScotland 34 qCyprus 33 qLithuania 33 qNew Zealand 33 qBelgium (Flemish) 33 qLatvia 31 qSlovenia 28 qIran, Islamic Republic of 27 qNorway 24 qPhilippines 22 qMorocco 21 qTunisia 19 q


Correct Response:







B

Renewableenergysource

PhysICal sCIenCeenergyTypes,sources,

andConversionsConceptualUnderstanding

S011011

A renewable energy source is a source that will not run out. Which is anexample of the use of such a source?

a A coal furnace heating a house

b A windmill pumping water on a farm

c A kerosene lamp lighting a room

d A diesel truck traveling along a road

Japan 71 pHong Kong, SAR 64 pChinese Taipei 60 pLatvia 54 pAustralia 52 pNetherlands 52 pEngland 52 pBelgium (Flemish) 52 pNew Zealand 51 pUnited States 51 pCyprus 49 pRussian Federation 48 OArmenia 46 OLithuania 45 ONorway 45 OInternational average 45 OSingapore 44 OScotland 44 OSlovenia 37 qItaly 36 qMoldova, Republic of 36 qMorocco 35 qHungary 34 qPhilippines 30 qIran, Islamic Republic of 22 qTunisia 18 q


Correct Response:







B

Objects floating in water

PhysICal sCIenCe ForcesandMotion ConceptualUnderstanding

S011001

The picture shows three solid objects of the same size floating in water.

Which object weighs the most?

a Object A

b Object B

c Object C

d They all weigh the same.

Object AObject B

Object C

Japan 94 pNetherlands 92 pSingapore 92 pEngland 92 pChinese Taipei 91 pNorway 91 pUnited States 91 pScotland 91 pBelgium (Flemish) 91 pAustralia 90 pCyprus 90 pNew Zealand 90 pHong Kong, SAR 89 pItaly 89 pHungary 88 pSlovenia 88 pLatvia 85 ORussian Federation 85 OLithuania 84 OInternational average 83 OMoldova, Republic of 82 OArmenia 72 qIran, Islamic Republic of 70 qPhilippines 52 qMorocco 50 qTunisia 50 q


Correct Response:







B

Whichcanmakeobjectsrepel

PhysICal sCIenCe ForcesandMotion FactualKnowledge

S031313

Which of the following can make objects repel each other?

a gravity

b magnetism

c both gravity and magnetism

d neither gravity nor magnetism

Japan 70 pChinese Taipei 64 pHungary 57 pSingapore 56 pEngland 50 pCyprus 46 pUnited States 45 pLithuania 43 pHong Kong, SAR 42 OLatvia 41 OScotland 41 OItaly 39 OInternational average 39 ONetherlands 37 ORussian Federation 37 OAustralia 35 OMoldova, Republic of 32 qIran, Islamic Republic of 31 qMorocco 29 qNew Zealand 29 qBelgium (Flemish) 29 qNorway 26 qSlovenia 26 qTunisia 24 qArmenia 23 qPhilippines 19 q


Correct Response:






D


Weightonscale

PhysICal sCIenCe ForcesandMotion ReasoningandAnalysis

S011009

The same brick is put on a scale in three different ways.

What will the scale show?

a 1 will show the greatest weight.

b 2 will show the greatest weight.

c 3 will show the greatest weight.

d All will show the same weight.

1. 3.2.

Lithuania 88 pMoldova, Republic of 87 pRussian Federation 86 pChinese Taipei 85 pSlovenia 85 pLatvia 84 pHungary 79 pSingapore 79 pItaly 78 pEngland 76 pAustralia 74 OArmenia 74 ONetherlands 74 OUnited States 73 OBelgium (Flemish) 73 OIran, Islamic Republic of 72 OInternational average 72 OHong Kong, SAR 69 OScotland 68 qJapan 66 qNew Zealand 66 qCyprus 63 qMorocco 54 qNorway 54 qPhilippines 52 qTunisia 45 q


Correct Response:







PhysICal sCIenCe HeatandTemperature ConceptualUnderstanding

Whymadeofcopper

S011

014

Jessica gave some reasons why kettles and kitchen pans are often made of

copper. Which reason is correct?

a Copper is a good conductor of heat.

b Copper is easy to melt.

c Copper is difficult to shape.

d Copper dissolves in hot water.

Singapore 87 pChinese Taipei 84 pJapan 82 pRussian Federation 81 pEngland 79 pUnited States 74 pLatvia 73 pScotland 72 pAustralia 70 pNew Zealand 69 pHong Kong, SAR 66 pLithuania 65 OItaly 63 OBelgium (Flemish) 62 OInternational average 62 OSlovenia 61 OCyprus 57 qNetherlands 56 qMoldova, Republic of 55 qNorway 49 qIran, Islamic Republic of 45 qPhilippines 45 qMorocco 44 qHungary 38 qTunisia 37 qArmenia 36 q

a







PhysICal sCIenCe Light ConceptualUnderstanding

Twothingswrongwiththeshadow


S031072

There are two things wrong with the shadow of the man shown in thepicture above.

Write down the two things that are wrong.

1.

2.

Japan 63 pSingapore 48 pEngland 46 pHong Kong, SAR 44 pLatvia 39 pChinese Taipei 38 pAustralia 31 OHungary 31 pRussian Federation 31 pNew Zealand 30 pUnited States 27 OBelgium (Flemish) 26 OInternational average 25 OItaly 23 OLithuania 21 OCyprus 20 OScotland 18 qSlovenia 17 qNorway 13 qArmenia 10 qIran, Islamic Republic of 7 qPhilippines 5 qMorocco 4 qTunisia 3 qMoldova, Republic of 1 qNetherlands 0 q



Twothingswrongwiththeshadow(continued)Item Number: S031072

sCORInGNote: To receive full credit, responses must identify an error in both the direction/angle and the pose of the shadow of the man. Direction/angle: shadow should be on the other side of the man away from the sun. Pose: shadow of the left hand should be raised; shadow on the right hand should be down at his side.Partialcreditisgivenforresponsesthataddressonlyoneofthesefactors.statementsabouttheshadowofthemountainsdonotcontributetothecorrectnessofthescore.

Fully Correct Response

• Identifies an error in BOTH the direction/angle and the pose of the shadow of the man.Examples: The shadow should have the main raising one hand. The shadow should be opposite

the sun.The man’s hand is sticking out, but the shadow is not. The shadow is not behind him.The position of the shadow is wrong. The shape of the shadow is wrong.The man has his arm out and the shadow has it on his hip. The shadow is on the side facing the sun.

• Otherfullycorrect

Partial Response

• Identifies only the direction/angle of the shadow of the man. [No mention of the pose.]Examples: The shadow is on the wrong side of the man. The hill has a bump, but its shadow

has a curve.

• Identifies only the pose of the shadow of the man. [No mention of the direction/angle.]Examples: He put out his hand, but the shadow did not show it right. His other hand is straight

but the shadow is not.

• Otherpartiallycorrect

Incorrect Response

• Responsetoovague.Examples: The shadow of the man. The shadow of the hill.

The hands. The head.


Examples: He has no hair. He has no face.


Student Responses



Correct Response:




Student Responses(continued)




Incorrect Response:

Student Responses(continued)



Correct Response:






PhysICal sCIenCe Light FactualKnowledge

Whichcouldcauserainbow


D

S011029

Which pair together could cause a rainbow?

a Fog and clouds

b Rain and snow

c Clouds and ice

d Sunshine and rain

Belgium (Flemish) 98 pHungary 97 pLatvia 97 pNetherlands 97 pEngland 97 pScotland 97 pHong Kong, SAR 96 pChinese Taipei 95 pNew Zealand 95 pNorway 95 pSlovenia 95 pUnited States 95 pLithuania 94 pRussian Federation 94 pAustralia 93 pItaly 93 pJapan 93 pMoldova, Republic of 93 pSingapore 93 pInternational average 88 OArmenia 87 OCyprus 77 qIran, Islamic Republic of 67 qPhilippines 62 qMorocco 56 qTunisia 49 q




Correct Response:






PhysICal sCIenCePhysicalstates

andChangesinMatterConceptualUnderstanding

soapbubbles


S011017

When you make soap bubbles, what is inside the bubbles?

a Air

b Soap

c Water

d Nothing

Japan 82 pRussian Federation 81 pHungary 80 pSingapore 80 pEngland 78 pNetherlands 77 pUnited States 76 pMoldova, Republic of 75 pItaly 70 pLatvia 70 pLithuania 70 OAustralia 69 ONew Zealand 67 OInternational average 66 OArmenia 64 OChinese Taipei 64 OCyprus 64 OSlovenia 64 OBelgium (Flemish) 64 ONorway 60 qScotland 57 qHong Kong, SAR 51 qIran, Islamic Republic of 48 qPhilippines 48 qMorocco 43 qTunisia 38 q

a


Correct Response:








Boilingwater


C

S011030

What happens to water when it boils?

a It changes color.

b It becomes heavier.

c It changes into water vapor.

d It stops bubbling.

Italy 95 pJapan 93 pLatvia 91 pMoldova, Republic of 91 pSlovenia 91 pHungary 90 pCyprus 88 pHong Kong, SAR 88 pRussian Federation 88 pEngland 88 pChinese Taipei 87 pSingapore 87 pNetherlands 86 ONorway 86 pBelgium (Flemish) 85 pLithuania 83 OUnited States 82 OInternational average 82 OIran, Islamic Republic of 78 qArmenia 76 qAustralia 72 qNew Zealand 72 qScotland 69 qMorocco 66 qPhilippines 66 qTunisia 62 q









Differencebetweensolidsandliquids



• Referstodifferencesinarrangement(space,distance)orspeedofparticles(molecules).Examples: In solids molecules are packed together.

Liquid particles are more spread out and fast.

• Refers to solids having a fixed shape OR liquids taking the shape of their container (or similar)Examples:Liquidscanfilltheshapeofanycontainer,solidscannot.

A liquid can take any form.

• Refers to solids as hard OR liquids as soft, wet, flowing, runny, poured (or similar).Examples: Solids can’t spill and liquids can.

Liquids can be poured.You can drink liquids, you cannot drink solids.Solids are hard and liquids are soft.

• OthercorrectExamples: Solids can be melted into liquid, but liquids are already liquid.

Incorrect Response

• Refersonlytoexamplesofsolids/liquidswithnoorincorrectpropertygiven.Examples:Waterisaliquidandiceisasolid.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegible,orofftask)Examples: Solids are cold.

One is harder than the other.A solid is strong.

S031370

Describe one difference between solids and liquids.England 74 pSingapore 73 pUnited States 67 pChinese Taipei 66 pAustralia 64 pHungary 64 pNew Zealand 62 pJapan 59 pScotland 57 pHong Kong, SAR 56 pItaly 55 pSlovenia 51 pRussian Federation 49 pLatvia 44 OInternational average 44 OCyprus 41 OMoldova, Republic of 37 qBelgium (Flemish) 32 qLithuania 30 qIran, Islamic Republic of 29 qPhilippines 22 qArmenia 21 qNetherlands 21 qNorway 16 qTunisia 11 qMorocco 8 q


Student Responses


Differencebetweensolidsandliquids(continued)Item Number: S031370

Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:








andChangesinMatterReasoningandAnalysis

solid,liquid,andgasinacontainer/identify


S031372

The figure above shows a box that contains a material that could be a solid,a liquid or a gas. The material is then put into a box four timesas large.

Look at the figures below. They show how the different types of materialwill look when put into the larger box.

A. Identify which figure shows a solid, which shows a liquid and whichshows a gas. (Write the word solid, liquid or gas on the line next to eachfigure below. Use each word only once.)

__________________

__________________

__________________

B. Explain your answers.

sCORInGNote: If any state (solid, liquid or gas) is listed more than once, then none of the duplicated responses willbeconsideredcorrect.Forexample,aresponseof“liquid,gas,gas”shouldbescoredincorrect.

Correct Response

• Identifies all 3 correctly: Liquid – Solid - Gas

Incorrect Response

• Onlyliquidiscorrect.

• Onlysolidiscorrect.

• Onlygasiscorrect.


Singapore 83 pHong Kong, SAR 81 pLatvia 77 pItaly 76 pEngland 74 pHungary 72 pChinese Taipei 71 pJapan 70 pRussian Federation 70 pLithuania 68 pSlovenia 66 pUnited States 61 pNew Zealand 60 OMoldova, Republic of 59 OInternational average 57 OAustralia 56 OScotland 55 OCyprus 49 qBelgium (Flemish) 45 qNetherlands 41 qIran, Islamic Republic of 37 qPhilippines 35 qNorway 34 qArmenia 33 qTunisia 26 qMorocco 20 q


Student Responses


solid,liquid,andgasinacontainer/identify(continued)Item Number: S031372A

Correct Response:



solid,liquid,andgasinacontainer/identify(continued)Item Number: S031372A


Incorrect Response:








andChangesinMatterReasoningandAnalysis

solid,liquid,andgasinacontainer/explain


S031372

The figure above shows a box that contains a material that could be a solid,a liquid or a gas. The material is then put into a box four timesas large.

Look at the figures below. They show how the different types of materialwill look when put into the larger box.

A. Identify which figure shows a solid, which shows a liquid and whichshows a gas. (Write the word solid, liquid or gas on the line next to eachfigure below. Use each word only once.)

__________________

__________________

__________________

B. Explain your answers.

Japan 30 pLithuania 28 pSingapore 28 pChinese Taipei 26 pNew Zealand 25 pHungary 24 pAustralia 22 pLatvia 21 pEngland 20 pItaly 19 pUnited States 18 pRussian Federation 17 OCyprus 16 OInternational average 15 OSlovenia 12 qHong Kong, SAR 11 qNetherlands 10 qScotland 10 qNorway 7 qBelgium (Flemish) 7 qIran, Islamic Republic of 6 qPhilippines 4 qArmenia 3 qMoldova, Republic of 3 qMorocco 1 qTunisia 1 q



sCORInGFully Correct Response

• Explanation refers to at least one property of each of the three states that differentiates them:

i) Liquids: flow (or take the shape of their container); cannot be compressed; have a definite orfixed volume; seek the lowest level (or similar).

ii) Solids: keep a definite or fixed shape (volume); are hard (objects); cannot be compressed.

iii) Gases: expand or can be compressed (to fill a container of different sizes/shapes); can spreadout,canrise(orsimilar).

Examples: Liquid can take any shape or form; solid can be hard; gas can take up a lot of room.Liquidrunsandfindsthelowestlevel;solidkeepsthesameshape;gastakesupalltheroom.Liquidwouldflowdownandcoverthebottom;solidisformedintoashapeandleave some room on the bottom; gas would spread out.Watercannotbecompressed;solidisanobject;aircanbecompressed.

• Otherfullycorrect

Partially Correct Response

• explanationincludesapropertythatcorrectlydifferentiatesatleastoneofthestates(solid,liquidorgas)butnotallthree.Examples: Solids remain the same, gases go everywhere.

Liquids run, gases evaporate; solids don’t go anywhere.The solid stays the same. The gas expands all the way.Liquidandgasbothfollowtheshapeofthecontainer;solidshaveadefiniteshape.

• Otherpartiallycorrect

Incorrect Response

• Referstoobservations,usesorexamplesofsolids,liquidsorgases,butinadequateforansweringquestion.Examples: The liquid is water; the solid is a block of wood; the gas is oxygen.

Solids are heavier.Blocks are made of solids.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegibleorofftask)

solid,liquid,andgasinacontainer/explain(continued)Item Number: S031372B


Student Responses


Correct Response:




Incorrect Response:










• Referstowaterexpandingorincreasinginvolume(explicitlyorimplicitly).Examples:Waterexpanded.

Its volume increased.There was not enough room in the bottle for the water to freeeze.The water got bigger when it froze.Whenwaterfreezesitexpands.

• Othercorrect

Incorrect Response

• Refers ONLY to water freezing or turning into ice (or similar). [No mention of water expansion.]Examples: It turned into ice and broke.

It turned into solid.Because of the ice.The freezer was too cold and it froze the water so hard it broke the glass.

• Refers ONLY to pressure or force of ice (or similar). [No mention of water expansion.]Examples: The pressure on the inside.

The force of water and cold air broke the glass.Because of the pressure from the ice.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegible,orofftask)Examples: The glass froze and turned to ice.

It got too cold


Closed glass bottle filled with water

PhysICal sCIenCe PropertiesandUsesofWater ReasoningandAnalysis

S031005

A closed glass bottle filled with water was left in the freezer overnight.In the morning the glass was found broken.

Why did freezing the water cause the bottle to break?

Russian Federation 39 pAustralia 29 pJapan 27 pMoldova, Republic of 27 pSingapore 27 pItaly 25 pNorway 24 pEngland 24 pHong Kong, SAR 23 pUnited States 23 pLithuania 22 ONew Zealand 22 OLatvia 21 ONetherlands 21 OHungary 19 OInternational average 19 OArmenia 18 OBelgium (Flemish) 15 qChinese Taipei 14 qSlovenia 14 qScotland 13 qCyprus 9 qMorocco 7 qIran, Islamic Republic of 6 qTunisia 4 qPhilippines 1 q


Student Responses


Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:

Closed glass bottle filled with water (continued)Item Number: S031005


Correct Response:






eaRTh sCIenCeearthinthesolarsystem

andUniverseConceptualUnderstanding

Whichdiagramshowsshadow


C

S011027

At different times during a sunny day a tree was seen to cast a shadow ofdifferent length as shown in the diagrams below. Which diagram shows theshadow at mid-day (12 noon)?

A. B. C. D. E.a b c d e

Chinese Taipei 88 pHong Kong, SAR 86 pJapan 86 pHungary 83 pEngland 83 pLithuania 78 pSingapore 78 pItaly 77 pAustralia 75 pLatvia 75 pMoldova, Republic of 75 pNew Zealand 75 pBelgium (Flemish) 75 pNorway 72 ONetherlands 70 OSlovenia 70 OUnited States 70 OInternational average 70 ORussian Federation 69 OScotland 69 OArmenia 60 qPhilippines 57 qCyprus 52 qIran, Islamic Republic of 47 qTunisia 42 qMorocco 35 q


Correct Response:







andUniverseFactualKnowledge

Whichishottest


D

S011018

Which of these is hottest?

a The Earth

b Mars

c The Moon

d The Sun

Norway 99 pLatvia 98 pLithuania 98 pMoldova, Republic of 98 pRussian Federation 98 pScotland 98 pBelgium (Flemish) 98 pNew Zealand 97 pSlovenia 97 pUnited States 97 pEngland 97 pAustralia 96 pHungary 96 pNetherlands 96 pSingapore 96 pArmenia 92 OItaly 92 OInternational average 91 OJapan 90 OHong Kong, SAR 85 qIran, Islamic Republic of 85 qCyprus 83 qTunisia 82 qChinese Taipei 81 qMorocco 68 qPhilippines 68 q


Correct Response:








earth’smovement


B

S011022

Each year the Earth moves once around

a Mars

b the Sun

c the Moon

d all of the other planets

Russian Federation 87 pLatvia 86 pHungary 84 pIran, Islamic Republic of 84 pArmenia 82 pLithuania 80 pNorway 80 pEngland 79 pMoldova, Republic of 78 pUnited States 74 pHong Kong, SAR 70 OAustralia 69 OBelgium (Flemish) 69 OItaly 68 OInternational average 67 ONew Zealand 66 OScotland 66 OChinese Taipei 63 qNetherlands 62 qSingapore 62 qSlovenia 60 qJapan 58 qCyprus 55 qPhilippines 46 qMorocco 30 qTunisia 29 q


Correct Response:








Howmuchtimetonextfullmoon


C

S031060

Kate sees a full moon. About how much time will go by beforethe next full moon?

a one week

b two weeks

c one month

d one year

Chinese Taipei 62 pLatvia 47 pMoldova, Republic of 46 pNew Zealand 45 pSlovenia 45 pUnited States 43 pNorway 40 OAustralia 39 OJapan 38 ORussian Federation 38 OEngland 38 OHong Kong, SAR 37 ONetherlands 37 OInternational average 37 OSingapore 36 OScotland 36 OIran, Islamic Republic of 34 OItaly 34 OBelgium (Flemish) 34 OPhilippines 33 OLithuania 32 qArmenia 30 qTunisia 27 qCyprus 26 qHungary 26 qMorocco 24 q








• easTwithexplanationstatingthatthesunrisesintheeast(orsimilar).Examples: East. The Sun comes up on the East side.

East.TheSuntravelsfromEasttoWest.East.Whenthesuncomesuponthatsideitmakesashadowonthewestside.East. Area 4 is shaded in the morning because the Sun in on the East side.

• Othercorrect

Incorrect Response

• easT with no explanation or incorrect explanation. [May include a true statement that does not answer the question.]Examples: East. Because it is closest to the pond.

East. Because it’s on the East side.East. Because the Sun travels across the sky.

• WesTwithanexplanationstatingthatthesunrisesintheWest(orsimilar).Examples:West.Whenthesunrisesinthemorningit’sonthewest.

• WesTwithnoexplanationorotherincorrectexplanation.Examples:West.Theoaktreesarethere.



S031440

A plan of Rebecca’s house and garden is shown below. There are four areasin the garden where she would like to grow some plants(Areas 1, 2, 3, and 4).

Which side of Rebecca’s house will receive the most sun in the morning?

(Check one box.)

C East side (Area 3)

C West side (Area 4)

Explain your answer.

Area 4

Area 3

Area 2

Area 1 SouthHouse

oak trees

Pond

North

EastWest

Questions for Garden continue.

Garden: which side of the house gets most sun


andUniverseReasoningandAnalysis

Chinese Taipei 55 pHong Kong, SAR 51 pJapan 45 pSingapore 42 pHungary 41 pLatvia 34 pNetherlands 33 pItaly 30 OSlovenia 30 OUnited States 29 OAustralia 28 OCyprus 28 ONew Zealand 27 OInternational average 26 OLithuania 23 OBelgium (Flemish) 22 ORussian Federation 21 qEngland 21 OMoldova, Republic of 16 qNorway 14 qIran, Islamic Republic of 13 qScotland 11 qMorocco 10 qPhilippines 7 qTunisia 7 qArmenia 4 q


Student Responses


Correct Response:

Garden: which side of the house gets most sun (continued)Item Number: S031440



Incorrect Response:


Garden: which side of the house gets most sun (continued)Item Number: S031440







eaRTh sCIenCeearthProcesses,

Cycles,andHistoryConceptualUnderstanding

Directionofwater



• DrawsanarrowonthediagramthatisonriveroralongtheriverbelowthefeederriversandstreamswithanarrowheadpointingtowardstheGreatOcean.

• Othercorrect

Incorrect Response

• Drawsanarrowpointingtheoppositewayoraprosedescriptionofthisdirection.

• Drawsanarrowthatpointsinanyotherdirection.


S011032

Draw an arrow on the Old River to show the direction that the water flows.

Snow Covered Mountains

MountainPond

SmallStreams

Great Ocean

OldRiver

Chinese Taipei 64 pRussian Federation 64 pMoldova, Republic of 62 pJapan 58 pLatvia 56 pNetherlands 54 pEngland 52 pItaly 51 pSingapore 51 pSlovenia 50 pNew Zealand 49 pAustralia 48 OScotland 48 OCyprus 47 OHong Kong, SAR 47 ONorway 45 OHungary 44 OInternational average 44 OArmenia 42 OBelgium (Flemish) 40 qUnited States 37 qLithuania 30 qIran, Islamic Republic of 18 qMorocco 14 qTunisia 13 qPhilippines 12 q


Student Responses


Directionofwater(continued)Item Number: S011032

Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:








Cycles,andHistoryConceptualUnderstanding

Watervaporwhenitgetscold



• Referstocondensationorfreezing(orequivalent).Examples: It freezes.

It condenses.Condensation.It condenses and turns into rain.

• Mentionscloudformationoraformofprecipitation(e.g.,rain,snow,fog,etc.)Examples: The water vapor changes to rain.

It changes to snow.Watervaporturnsintoclouds.It rises into the clouds and becomes rain droplets.It turns foggy.It rains.

• OthercorrectExamples: It falls to the ground.

Incorrect Response

• Mentions only that the water becomes cold. [No mention of a change of state or precipitation.]Examples: The water vapor becomes cold.

Its temperature drops.

• Mentions only that water vapor rises (or similar). [No mention of condensation or precipitation.]Examples: The water vapor will rise on a hot day.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegible,orofftask)Examples: It disappears.

S031382

On a hot, humid day the air contains a lot of water vapor. What happens tothe water vapor in the air when the air becomes very cold?

Netherlands 72 pSingapore 68 pBelgium (Flemish) 67 pHungary 65 pLatvia 60 pUnited States 58 pChinese Taipei 57 pRussian Federation 55 pEngland 54 pAustralia 53 pItaly 49 ONorway 49 OMoldova, Republic of 48 ONew Zealand 48 OLithuania 47 OScotland 47 OInternational average 47 OCyprus 45 OJapan 45 OSlovenia 43 OArmenia 37 qHong Kong, SAR 34 qIran, Islamic Republic of 28 qPhilippines 20 qTunisia 18 qMorocco 12 q


Student Responses


Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:

Watervaporwhenitgetscold(continued)Item Number: S031382


Correct Response:







Cycles,andHistoryFactualKnowledge

Wherearefossilsfound


D

S011005

The fossils of dinosaurs that lived millions of years ago can be found in

a the water of oceans.

b the ice on ponds.

c the trunks of trees.

d rocks in the ground.

Chinese Taipei 93 pJapan 90 pAustralia 89 pHong Kong, SAR 89 pUnited States 89 pLatvia 88 pLithuania 88 pSlovenia 88 pNetherlands 87 pNew Zealand 87 pEngland 87 pSingapore 86 pBelgium (Flemish) 86 pHungary 85 pRussian Federation 85 pScotland 85 pItaly 79 OInternational average 76 OCyprus 75 ONorway 75 OMoldova, Republic of 64 qArmenia 59 qIran, Islamic Republic of 43 qPhilippines 34 qTunisia 34 qMorocco 28 q


Correct Response:







Cycles,andHistoryReasoningandAnalysis

Townwhereitismostlikelytosnow


D

S031383

Clouds Lowest Highestin the Sky Temperature Temperature

Town A no 10oC 25oC

Town B yes 20oC 30oC

Town C no -10oC -1oC

Town D yes -15oC 5oC

The table above shows some weather information for four different townsduring a 24-hour period. In which town did it most likely snow?

a Town A

b Town B

c Town C

d Town D

Belgium (Flemish) 57 pJapan 56 pHungary 54 pNetherlands 54 pEngland 49 pSlovenia 43 pCyprus 40 pLatvia 40 OUnited States 40 pItaly 39 OLithuania 38 ONorway 37 ORussian Federation 37 OAustralia 36 ONew Zealand 36 OInternational average 36 OSingapore 35 OChinese Taipei 34 OScotland 34 OMoldova, Republic of 32 OHong Kong, SAR 31 qArmenia 19 qIran, Islamic Republic of 16 qTunisia 13 qPhilippines 12 qMorocco 9 q


Correct Response:







saltiestwater

eaRTh sCIenCeearth’sstructure

andPhysicalFeaturesConceptualUnderstanding

S011007

Look at this diagram.

The saltiest water is in the

a Great Ocean

b Mountain Pond

c Old River

d Small Streams

Snow Covered Mountains

MountainPond

SmallStreams

Great Ocean

Old River

Italy 95 pChinese Taipei 94 pJapan 91 pCyprus 87 pSlovenia 85 pHungary 82 pLatvia 82 pUnited States 82 pRussian Federation 81 pEngland 81 pNorway 80 pBelgium (Flemish) 80 pScotland 79 pMoldova, Republic of 76 ONetherlands 76 OAustralia 74 ONew Zealand 73 OInternational average 73 OHong Kong, SAR 71 OArmenia 65 qLithuania 65 qSingapore 63 qIran, Islamic Republic of 47 qPhilippines 43 qMorocco 37 qTunisia 23 q

a


Correct Response:






C


Layersofearth



S012007

The picture shows the three main layers of the Earth.

Where is it the hottest?

a Layer A

b Layer B

c Layer C

d All three layers are the same temperature.

B

C

A

United States 90 pItaly 89 pNetherlands 88 pNew Zealand 87 pHong Kong, SAR 86 pEngland 86 pMoldova, Republic of 84 pScotland 84 pNorway 83 pHungary 81 pSlovenia 81 pBelgium (Flemish) 81 pAustralia 80 pLatvia 80 pJapan 79 pChinese Taipei 78 OSingapore 76 OInternational average 76 OLithuania 75 OCyprus 73 ORussian Federation 70 qArmenia 65 qMorocco 52 qIran, Islamic Republic of 51 qPhilippines 48 qTunisia 47 q


Correct Response:








Rockcarriedfarthestdowntheriver


B

S031082

Lily found four rocks of the same material in a riverbed. They had differentshapes and sizes.

Which rock has most likely been carried the farthest down the river?

a b

c d

Hungary 86 pLithuania 83 pChinese Taipei 82 pEngland 80 pNetherlands 79 pRussian Federation 79 pBelgium (Flemish) 78 pAustralia 77 pLatvia 76 pNew Zealand 76 pUnited States 76 pItaly 75 pMoldova, Republic of 75 pCyprus 73 OSlovenia 71 OScotland 70 OInternational average 69 OHong Kong, SAR 68 OJapan 64 qNorway 63 qArmenia 60 qIran, Islamic Republic of 57 qSingapore 57 qPhilippines 50 qMorocco 47 qTunisia 24 q


Correct Response:







andPhysicalFeaturesFactualKnowledge

earth’ssurface


a

S011003

What covers most of the Earth’s surface?

a Water

b Bare rock

c Farm land

d Cities and towns

United States 86 pLithuania 83 pRussian Federation 82 pSingapore 82 pEngland 82 pArmenia 80 pLatvia 79 pMoldova, Republic of 79 pAustralia 77 pNorway 77 pScotland 77 pNew Zealand 76 pChinese Taipei 75 pHungary 74 pSlovenia 72 OHong Kong, SAR 71 OItaly 71 OInternational average 68 OBelgium (Flemish) 65 OJapan 60 qNetherlands 56 qCyprus 54 qPhilippines 53 qIran, Islamic Republic of 45 qMorocco 30 qTunisia 20 q


Correct Response:








Gasweneedtobreathe


B

S011012

What gas in the air do we need to breathe in order to live?

a nitrogen

b oxygen

c carbon dioxide

d hydrogen

e water vapor

Hungary 95 pHong Kong, SAR 94 pNetherlands 94 pSingapore 94 pRussian Federation 93 pSlovenia 93 pBelgium (Flemish) 93 pAustralia 91 pCyprus 91 pLithuania 90 pUnited States 90 pItaly 89 pNew Zealand 89 pEngland 89 pScotland 88 pChinese Taipei 85 OLatvia 85 OInternational average 84 ONorway 82 OIran, Islamic Republic of 78 qMoldova, Republic of 77 qJapan 75 qArmenia 72 qMorocco 62 qTunisia 59 qPhilippines 53 q


Correct Response:








ironandaluminum


e

S011013

Large amounts of metals like iron and aluminum are found in

a dead trees

b water

c animal bones

d oil wells

e rocks

Japan 69 pHong Kong, SAR 65 pItaly 64 pRussian Federation 58 pCyprus 53 pHungary 51 pSingapore 51 pChinese Taipei 48 OMoldova, Republic of 48 OUnited States 48 ONetherlands 47 OEngland 45 OInternational average 45 OArmenia 44 OLithuania 44 ONew Zealand 44 OBelgium (Flemish) 44 OAustralia 43 OIran, Islamic Republic of 43 ONorway 42 OLatvia 40 qScotland 35 qPhilippines 33 qSlovenia 33 qMorocco 28 qTunisia 12 q


Correct Response:







andPhysicalFeaturesReasoningandAnalysis

Terry’srocks


D

S011023

Terry tested four rocks to see how hard they are. He rubbed each of themagainst some hard steel for one minute. He drew pictures of what theylooked like before he rubbed them and after he rubbed them.

Circle which of Terry’s rocks is the hardest.

BeforeTest

AfterTest

a b c d

Netherlands 85 pEngland 85 pUnited States 84 pHong Kong, SAR 83 pJapan 80 pSingapore 80 pChinese Taipei 78 pBelgium (Flemish) 78 pLatvia 77 pSlovenia 74 pRussian Federation 72 pScotland 72 pAustralia 71 pItaly 70 pNew Zealand 70 pNorway 68 OInternational average 66 OHungary 65 OCyprus 64 OMoldova, Republic of 61 OLithuania 59 qArmenia 47 qIran, Islamic Republic of 38 qPhilippines 36 qMorocco 26 qTunisia 20 q


Correct Response:






B


Bestlocationtogrowcrops


andPhysicalFeaturesReasoningandAnalysis

S031379

Look at the picture above. Where is the best location to grow crops?

a Location A

b Location B

c Location C

d Location D

ocean

desert

A

mountains

B

C D

river

Japan 75 pHong Kong, SAR 70 pLatvia 70 pUnited States 70 pHungary 69 pLithuania 69 pNetherlands 69 pEngland 69 pItaly 68 pScotland 68 pChinese Taipei 67 pAustralia 66 pNew Zealand 63 pNorway 63 pRussian Federation 63 pSingapore 62 pCyprus 59 OInternational average 57 OSlovenia 56 OMoldova, Republic of 54 OBelgium (Flemish) 44 qArmenia 34 qIran, Islamic Republic of 32 qMorocco 27 qPhilippines 24 qTunisia 22 q








• Explains that some species will die; others will be more abundant.Examples: Fish die, plants grow more because there is more water.

• Explains that many plants and fishes die.Examples: They die.

They are almost cooked.

• Explains that fish try to leave.Examples:Thefishswimaway.

• OthercorrectExamples: Fish die, plants live.

Incorrect Response

• Thedescriptionorexplanationgivenisnotadequate.Examples: They cannot breathe.

They can do better and do worse.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegible,orofftasks)


Plants and fish in river

lIFe sCIenCe Changesinenvironment ReasoningandAnalysis

S011019

Write down what happens to plants and fish in a river when a factory pourslarge amounts of hot water into the river.

Russian Federation 90 pHong Kong, SAR 88 pJapan 87 pSingapore 87 pAustralia 86 pChinese Taipei 85 pLatvia 85 pUnited States 85 pNetherlands 84 pNew Zealand 82 pBelgium (Flemish) 82 pScotland 80 pSlovenia 79 pEngland 79 pCyprus 78 pLithuania 75 OMoldova, Republic of 75 OInternational average 73 ONorway 70 OHungary 69 OItaly 69 OArmenia 57 qTunisia 43 qIran, Islamic Republic of 40 qPhilippines 40 qMorocco 22 q


Student Responses


Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:

Plants and fish in river (continued)Item Number: S011019


Correct Response:






C


Wherewegetmineralstomakethings

lIFe sCIenCeUseandConservationofNaturalResources

FactualKnowledge

S031398

Minerals are used for making many things including jewelry, chalk, andconcrete. Where do we get the minerals needed to make these things?

a from air

b from wood

c from rocks

d from crops

Hungary 85 pChinese Taipei 84 pRussian Federation 79 pJapan 76 pItaly 75 pLatvia 72 pHong Kong, SAR 67 pUnited States 67 pIran, Islamic Republic of 62 OSlovenia 59 OEngland 59 OInternational average 59 OBelgium (Flemish) 58 OAustralia 57 OLithuania 57 OArmenia 52 qCyprus 49 qNetherlands 49 qScotland 49 qMoldova, Republic of 48 qSingapore 48 qNew Zealand 47 qNorway 47 qMorocco 46 qTunisia 43 qPhilippines 30 q


Correct Response:






lIFe sCIenCeDevelopmentandLifeCycle

ofOrganismsConceptualUnderstanding

Larvaefoundinabagofrice


D

S031

003

Larvae were found in a bag of rice. What best explains how the larvae got

there?

a They came from water in the bag.

b They came from air in the bag.

c They came from the rice itself.

d They came from eggs laid by insects.

bag of rice

larvae

rice

Lithuania 91 pHungary 84 pLatvia 84 pBelgium (Flemish) 81 pSlovenia 80 pRussian Federation 76 pNetherlands 75 pAustralia 74 pChinese Taipei 73 pJapan 73 pNew Zealand 73 pEngland 73 pNorway 72 pSingapore 69 OUnited States 69 OScotland 69 OMoldova, Republic of 68 OInternational average 67 OHong Kong, SAR 66 OIran, Islamic Republic of 63 OItaly 61 qPhilippines 52 qCyprus 49 qTunisia 40 qArmenia 36 qMorocco 31 q









Physicalchangeaschildrenbecomeadults



• Describesacorrectdevelopmentalchange.Examples: Boys start growing beards.

They start growing hair on their bodies.Girls start menstruating.They start developing their sex organs.Boys voices break and deepen.Girls hips will widen.Womengetbreasts.They can start having babies.

• Describesamoregeneralphysicalchange.Examples: They develop muscles and get stronger.

They lose their little teeth and get new bigger teeth.

• Othercorrect

Incorrect Response

• Mentionsonlythattheygetsmarterorlearnmore.Examples: They get smarter and smarter.

They learn to read.

• Mentionsonlythattheygrow,getbigger,older,orsimilar.Examples: They grow up.

Their feet get bigger.

• Mentionschangesthatoccurafteradulthood.Examples: They get gray hair.

They stop growing taller.They go bald and get wrinkled.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegibleorofftask).Examples: They look different.

Their personality and attitude changes.Puberty.They mature.

S031251

Children grow taller and become heavier as they develop into adults.Describe one other physical change that takes place in children's bodies asthey become adults.

Japan 55 pChinese Taipei 47 pNetherlands 40 pEngland 37 pLatvia 36 pRussian Federation 36 pItaly 34 pNorway 33 pUnited States 33 pBelgium (Flemish) 33 pSingapore 32 pAustralia 31 OLithuania 29 OHungary 28 OScotland 28 ONew Zealand 27 OInternational average 27 OMoldova, Republic of 26 OCyprus 22 qSlovenia 17 qHong Kong, SAR 16 qArmenia 14 qMorocco 10 qTunisia 9 qIran, Islamic Republic of 7 qPhilippines 6 q


Student Responses


Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:

Physicalchangeaschildrenbecomeadults(continued)Item Number: S031251









Organismsthatgivebirthorlayeggs


sCORInGFully Correct Response

• Organisms that give birth: human, Dog, Whale

• Organisms that lay eggs: Frog, Butterfly, Bird

Partially Correct Response

• One organism omitted or misclassified.

• Two organisms omitted or misclassified.

Incorrect Response


S031252

Some of the organisms shown above give birth to young that develop insidethe mother. Some of the organisms have young that hatch from eggs thatare laid outside the mother.

In the table below, write down the names of the organisms that belongto each group.

Organisms that give birth Organisms that lay eggs

human

whale

butterfly

frog

dog

bird•

Singapore 84 pUnited States 76 pNew Zealand 74 pNetherlands 73 pAustralia 72 pJapan 67 pEngland 67 pItaly 64 pRussian Federation 63 pBelgium (Flemish) 63 pHungary 62 pLatvia 62 pLithuania 60 OScotland 59 OHong Kong, SAR 58 ONorway 58 OInternational average 58 OCyprus 54 OChinese Taipei 53 qSlovenia 52 qMoldova, Republic of 51 qArmenia 46 qPhilippines 41 qIran, Islamic Republic of 35 qMorocco 23 qTunisia 19 q


Student Responses


Correct Response:

Organismsthatgivebirthorlayeggs(continued)Item Number: S031252



Incorrect Response:










sCORInGNote: To receive credit, responses must state a specific benefit to plants. Credit is given both for pollination or reproduction in flowering plants as well as other more general benefits of ‘insects’ in gardens. Responses that refertopollen but with no or inadequate description of the benefit to plants are scored as incorrect. Specific organisms named (e.g., worms, spiders) do not have to be ‘insects’ in order to be considered as correct as long as the benefit to plants is correct.

Garden: why insects are important for flowering plants



S031443

Rebecca noticed that the leaves on her rose bushes were getting eaten byinsects as shown in the picture below.

Rebecca was planning to use insect spray to kill the insects. Her friendGwen said that the insect spray might kill other insects that are importantfor some of the flowering plants in the garden.

Why are some insects important for flowering plants?

insects

End of Garden section.

Russian Federation 41 pHungary 39 pLatvia 37 pNetherlands 33 pItaly 28 pLithuania 28 pUnited States 27 pAustralia 26 OChinese Taipei 24 OJapan 24 OBelgium (Flemish) 24 OEngland 22 OSlovenia 21 OInternational average 21 OHong Kong, SAR 19 ONew Zealand 19 OSingapore 18 OMoldova, Republic of 17 OCyprus 14 qIran, Islamic Republic of 14 qArmenia 13 qNorway 10 qPhilippines 10 qScotland 10 qMorocco 5 qTunisia 3 q



Garden: why insects are important for flowering plants (continued)Item Number: S031443

sCORInG(continued)Correct Response

• States that some insects (e.g., butterflies, bees) are needed for pollination or reproductionofplants(orsimilar).Examples:Beescarrythepollenfromoneflowertoanotherflower.

Some insects are important because plants can’t reproduce without them.They take the pollen to others of the same species.Bees pollinate the plants.

• statesthatsomeinsectseatotherinsectsthatarebadforplants(orsimilar).Examples: They will eat all the bad bugs in the garden.

Some insects are important because they eat other insects.Spiders and ladybugs will eat the bugs that are killing the plants.

• OthercorrectExamples:Wormsdigintothesoilandbringinairfortheplants.

Incorrect Response

• Givesonlyageneral/vagueresponserelatedtoinsectshelpingplantswithinadequatedescription.Examples: Some insects are helpful to plants.

They need them to grow.

• Names a specific insect important to plants but with no specific benefit to plants given.Examples:Bees,ladybugs,butterflies,etc.

• Refers to pollen but with no or inadequate description of the benefit to plants.Examples: Bees need pollen.

Bees are for pollen.They produce the right kind of pollen for the plant.



Student Responses



Correct Response:




Incorrect Response:



Correct Response:







ofOrganismsFactualKnowledge

insectcorrectlypairedwithitsyoungform


D

S031017

Which of these insects is correctly paired with its young form?

Housefly Grasshopper ButterflyMosquito

a b c d

United States 91 pSingapore 90 pJapan 89 pAustralia 84 pEngland 84 pRussian Federation 82 pNew Zealand 81 pHungary 80 pChinese Taipei 79 pNorway 79 pScotland 78 OHong Kong, SAR 76 OBelgium (Flemish) 75 OLatvia 74 ONetherlands 73 OInternational average 73 OCyprus 72 OItaly 71 OMoldova, Republic of 70 OSlovenia 69 OLithuania 66 qPhilippines 62 qArmenia 55 qIran, Islamic Republic of 51 qTunisia 26 qMorocco 0 q


Correct Response:






lIFe sCIenCeDiversity,Adaptation,andNaturalselection

FactualKnowledge

Plantfoundintropicalrainforest


B

S031287

Which of these types of plants are usually found growing in atropical rain forest?

a b

c d

Netherlands 92 pHungary 88 pUnited States 86 pLatvia 85 pAustralia 82 pLithuania 81 pEngland 80 pBelgium (Flemish) 80 pItaly 79 pMoldova, Republic of 77 pRussian Federation 73 pScotland 71 pNew Zealand 70 pNorway 67 pSingapore 65 OInternational average 63 OChinese Taipei 62 OHong Kong, SAR 54 qSlovenia 47 qArmenia 41 qJapan 39 qPhilippines 38 qCyprus 35 qIran, Islamic Republic of 29 qMorocco 26 qTunisia 23 q


Correct Response:






lIFe sCIenCeDiversity,Adaptation,andNaturalselection

ReasoningandAnalysis

Physicalfeaturetogetridofbodyheat


D

S031284

Animals usually have physical features that help them live in certainplaces. Look at the picture shown above. This animal lives in a hot desert.

What physical feature does this animal have that helps it lose heat?

a a thick coat of fur

b a bushy tail

c small eyes

d large ears

Lithuania 52 pLatvia 48 pScotland 48 pUnited States 44 pEngland 44 pNorway 41 pNew Zealand 40 pAustralia 38 ORussian Federation 37 OSlovenia 36 OJapan 35 OBelgium (Flemish) 35 ONetherlands 34 OInternational average 33 OChinese Taipei 29 qMorocco 29 OHong Kong, SAR 28 qCyprus 23 qSingapore 23 qPhilippines 22 qArmenia 20 qItaly 18 qTunisia 18 qIran, Islamic Republic of 12 qHungary 0 qMoldova, Republic of 0 q







Garden: why plants need light to grow



• statesthatplantsneedlightinorderundergophotosynthesisORmaketheirownfood(orsimilar).Examples: Plants make food using light.

It’s for photosynthesis.They won’t make food if there is no light.To make foodSunlight gives them food.Plants get their food using sunlight.

• statesthatplantsneedlightforenergy(orsimilar).Examples: Sunlight is the source of energy for all living things.

The Sun warms the plant and gives it energy.They turn the Sun’s rays into energy.Plants get energy from the Sun.

• Othercorrect

Incorrect Response

Givesonlyageneralresponserelatedtoplantsneedinglightinordertolive/grow(giveninthestem).Examples: Plants will wilt and die without light.

They cannot grow without it.To live.Light makes it grow.

• Mentionsonly the need for heat/warmth. [No mention of energy.]Examples: The heat from the sun helps them grow.

Living things need warmth.


a. lIFe sCIenCe ecosystems Conceptual Understanding

B.LiFesCieNCe Types,Characteristics,and Classification of Living Things FactualKnowledge

S031439

Rebecca moved into a new house. She wanted to grow plants in differentareas of her garden.

A. Rebecca knows that plants need light to grow.Why do plants need light to grow?

B. Plants also need water to grow.Name one other thing plants need in order to grow well.


S031439





Singapore 69 pHong Kong, SAR 40 pChinese Taipei 32 pItaly 28 pUnited States 25 pHungary 20 OMoldova, Republic of 20 OEngland 20 OInternational average 16 OIran, Islamic Republic of 15 OArmenia 14 OJapan 13 qLatvia 13 ONetherlands 12 qLithuania 11 qPhilippines 11 qAustralia 10 qCyprus 9 qRussian Federation 9 qNew Zealand 8 qNorway 7 qSlovenia 6 qScotland 6 qBelgium (Flemish) 6 qTunisia 5 qMorocco 3 q


Student Responses


Garden: why plants need light to grow (continued)Item Number: S031439A

Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:







Garden: one other thing plants need to grow



• States fertilizer, nutrients, minerals, plant ‘food’ (or similar term meaning nutrients).

• statesair(oxygenorcarbondioxide).

• statessoil,dirt,earth(orsimilar).

• statespropertemperature(heat,warmth,etc.).

• Othercorrect

Incorrect Response

• Repeatslight,sunlightorsun.

• Repeatswater,moistureorsimilar.


A.LiFesCieNCe ecosystems ConceptualUnderstanding

B. lIFe sCIenCe Types, Characteristics, and Classification of Living Things Factual Knowledge

S031439





S031439





Japan 67 pSingapore 66 pNetherlands 64 pEngland 64 pUnited States 61 pHungary 57 pLatvia 57 pAustralia 55 pChinese Taipei 51 pIran, Islamic Republic of 50 OSlovenia 50 OScotland 49 OHong Kong, SAR 48 ONew Zealand 48 OItaly 45 OInternational average 45 ORussian Federation 43 OBelgium (Flemish) 42 ONorway 38 qLithuania 35 qCyprus 32 qMoldova, Republic of 30 qTunisia 27 qArmenia 22 qPhilippines 15 qMorocco 11 q


Student Responses


Garden: one other thing plants need to grow (continued)Item Number: S031439B

Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:


Correct Response:






lIFe sCIenCe ecosystems FactualKnowledge

Herbivorousanimal


D

S011010

Which animal eats only plants?

a Cat

b Dog

c Lion

d Rabbit

Hungary 99 pLatvia 98 pRussian Federation 98 pLithuania 97 pChinese Taipei 95 pHong Kong, SAR 95 pItaly 95 pSingapore 95 pArmenia 94 OCyprus 94 pNetherlands 94 ONew Zealand 94 OSlovenia 94 OUnited States 94 pAustralia 92 ONorway 92 OEngland 92 OBelgium (Flemish) 92 OInternational average 92 OMoldova, Republic of 91 OJapan 90 qScotland 90 qIran, Islamic Republic of 88 qMorocco 82 qTunisia 82 qPhilippines 77 q


Correct Response:






C


Wheretadpolegetsitsfood

lIFe sCIenCe ecosystems FactualKnowledge

S031338

The picture above shows a pond and some of the organisms that live in andaround the pond. They all depend on each other for food. The tadpole mostlikely gets its food from which of the following?

a sun

b fish

c duckweed plant

d heron

Heron

Sun

Fish Tadpole

Duckweed Plant

Chinese Taipei 90 pJapan 87 pItaly 84 pBelgium (Flemish) 84 pSingapore 83 pEngland 83 pScotland 82 pLithuania 81 pNetherlands 81 pRussian Federation 81 pUnited States 81 pAustralia 80 pHong Kong, SAR 79 pHungary 78 pMoldova, Republic of 77 pNew Zealand 76 pNorway 73 OInternational average 72 OCyprus 65 qSlovenia 65 qLatvia 61 qIran, Islamic Republic of 57 qArmenia 49 qMorocco 47 qPhilippines 43 qTunisia 35 q







lIFe sCIenCe ecosystems ReasoningandAnalysis

Garden: why roses will not grow under oak trees


S031441_1

Rebecca wanted to plant each area with different types of plants. Shecollected pictures of her favorite plants and found out how much sunlightthey needed to grow well. She put the pictures and the information shefound into a scrap book as shown below.

A. Rebecca wanted to grow roses in Area 1 under the oak trees. Her friendGwen disagreed and told her that the roses would not grow well inArea 1. Explain why Gwen says this.

This Garden question continues.

Light needed to grow well Light needed to grow well

Fern

Rose

Wood rush

Shade

Sun all day

Part shade

Shrub

Shooting Star

Tomato plant

Afternoon sun

Morning sun

Sun all day

Continued

Netherlands 82 pChinese Taipei 78 pJapan 77 pSingapore 77 pEngland 75 pLatvia 72 pBelgium (Flemish) 72 pUnited States 71 pAustralia 70 pHungary 70 pNew Zealand 67 pHong Kong, SAR 63 pLithuania 60 ORussian Federation 60 OScotland 57 OInternational average 55 OSlovenia 52 OItaly 51 OMoldova, Republic of 50 OCyprus 43 qNorway 42 qIran, Islamic Republic of 27 qPhilippines 19 qArmenia 17 qTunisia 9 qMorocco 8 q



Garden: why roses will not grow under oak trees (continued)Item Number: S031441A


S031441_2

B. Look at the information for each plant given in Rebecca’s scrap book andthe plan of her garden above. Write the names of the plants that wouldgrow best in each area in the boxes below.

Area 4

Area 3

Area 2

Area 1 SouthHouse

oak trees

Pond

North

EastWest

Area 4

Area 1

Area 3

Area 2





sCORInGNote: Responses that refer to the amount of light or shade in Area 1 either explicitly or implicitly by referringtotheneedforsungivenintheinformationinthescrapbookshouldbescoredascorrect.ResponsesthatrefertotheoaktreesWiTHOUTanymentionoflightorshadearescoredasincorrect.

Correct Response

• Referstotherenotbeingenoughlight(ortoomuchshade)inArea1fortherosestogrow(explicitlyorimplicitly).Examples: Because the oak trees will block out the sun.

The trees will provide too much shade.There isn’t much light in Area 1.Roses need lots of sun to grow.Because it needs sun all day.They would not get much sun.Too much shade.

• Othercorrect

Incorrect Response

• Refers only to the oak trees. [No explicit reference to light/shade.]Examples: Because of the oak trees.

There is no room for roses under the oak trees.The oak trees soak up all the water.





Correct Response:

Student Responses



Incorrect Response:









Garden: plants that grow well in four areas

S031441_1

Rebecca wanted to plant each area with different types of plants. Shecollected pictures of her favorite plants and found out how much sunlightthey needed to grow well. She put the pictures and the information shefound into a scrap book as shown below.

A. Rebecca wanted to grow roses in Area 1 under the oak trees. Her friendGwen disagreed and told her that the roses would not grow well inArea 1. Explain why Gwen says this.

This Garden question continues.

Light needed to grow well Light needed to grow well

Fern

Rose

Wood rush

Shade

Sun all day

Part shade

Shrub

Shooting Star

Tomato plant

Afternoon sun

Morning sun

Sun all day

Continued


lIFe sCIenCe ecosystems ReasoningandAnalysis

Japan 25 pChinese Taipei 23 pUnited States 23 pNetherlands 22 pEngland 22 pAustralia 20 pHungary 20 pRussian Federation 20 pNew Zealand 19 pLatvia 18 OSingapore 18 pBelgium (Flemish) 18 pHong Kong, SAR 15 OSlovenia 14 OInternational average 13 OItaly 12 OScotland 11 OLithuania 9 qNorway 7 qMoldova, Republic of 6 qCyprus 4 qArmenia 2 qIran, Islamic Republic of 2 qMorocco 2 qTunisia 2 qPhilippines 1 q



Garden: plants that grow well in four areas (continued)Item Number: S031441B


S031441_2

B. Look at the information for each plant given in Rebecca’s scrap book andthe plan of her garden above. Write the names of the plants that wouldgrow best in each area in the boxes below.

Area 4

Area 3

Area 2

Area 1 SouthHouse

oak trees

Pond

North

EastWest

Area 4

Area 1

Area 3

Area 2






• Identifies the correct plant(s) in all four areas:

Area 1 (shade or part shade): fern or wood rush

Area 2 (sun all day): rose or tomato plant

Area 3 (morning sun or part shade): shooting star or wood rush

Area 4 (afternoon sun or part shade): shrub or wood rush

[Consistent with correct identification of morning sun on the East (Area 3) given in previous question.]

• As above but plants in Areas 3 and 4 are reversed.

[Consistent with an incorrect identification of morning sun on the West (Area 4) given in previous question.

Partial Response

• Identifies correct plants in at least one area but less than four areas.

Incorrect Response



Student Responses



Correct Response:



Incorrect Response:




Correct Response:






lIFe sCIenCe HumanHealth ConceptualUnderstanding

Washinghands


S011031

How can washing your hands help keep you from getting sick?

a It washes away germs.

b It makes your hands look nice.

c It keeps your skin from drying out.

d It makes your hands warmer.

Chinese Taipei 98 pJapan 98 pHong Kong, SAR 97 pUnited States 97 pEngland 96 pScotland 96 pLatvia 95 pNew Zealand 95 pRussian Federation 95 pItaly 94 pSingapore 94 pAustralia 92 pLithuania 92 pCyprus 91 pSlovenia 89 ONetherlands 87 OHungary 86 ONorway 86 OInternational average 86 OIran, Islamic Republic of 84 OMoldova, Republic of 84 OArmenia 69 qBelgium (Flemish) 67 qPhilippines 62 qMorocco 58 qTunisia 47 q

a








sCORInGNote: To be correct, responses must mention a specific effect. General or vague responses that refer onlytoillness,etc.,shouldbescoredasincorrect.

Correct Response

• Mentionsskincancerorcancer.Examples: They will get sunburn or sun cancer and might die.

They might get skin cancer.Cancer.

• Mentionssunburn,tanning,orsimilar.Examples: They will get sunburn.

Sunburn and heat rash.The sun could burn their skin and their skin would turn red.They can get a sun tan if they are not protected from the sun.Their skin can get burned from the sun.Their skin changes into a darker color when they lie in the sun for a long time.

• Mentionsaheat-relatedillnesssuchassunstroke,dehydration,heatrash,orsimilar.Examples: People can get heat stroke from the hot sun.

Heat rash.Stroke could happen.

• OthercorrectExamples: You could go blind if you looked directly into the sun.

Sun allergy.

Incorrect Response

• Mentions only the sun causing illness (or similar). [No specific effect identified.]Examples: Getting too much sun makes you feel sick.

It can make people ill.It’s bad for the whole body.


Protectionfromthesun

lIFe sCIenCe HumanHealth ConceptualUnderstanding

S031330

People need to protect themselves from getting too much sun. Name onething that can happen to their bodies if they are not protected from the sun.

Netherlands 87 pEngland 84 pNew Zealand 83 pAustralia 81 pHungary 81 pScotland 80 pUnited States 79 pLithuania 78 pLatvia 77 pBelgium (Flemish) 76 pSlovenia 74 pItaly 72 pSingapore 72 pNorway 71 pCyprus 69 pRussian Federation 69 OJapan 67 OChinese Taipei 66 OInternational average 65 OHong Kong, SAR 61 OMoldova, Republic of 57 qIran, Islamic Republic of 47 qArmenia 41 qTunisia 22 qPhilippines 21 qMorocco 7 q


Student Responses


Protectionfromthesun(continued)Item Number: S031330

Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:


Correct Response:







Plantgrownforfood

lIFe sCIenCe HumanHealth FactualKnowledge

S011021

Which plant is grown for food?

a Rice

b Tobacco

c Orchid

d Cotton

Chinese Taipei 99 pHong Kong, SAR 96 pRussian Federation 96 pLithuania 93 pLatvia 92 pCyprus 88 pHungary 88 pJapan 88 pMoldova, Republic of 88 pArmenia 87 pIran, Islamic Republic of 87 pItaly 85 pSingapore 84 OEngland 84 OScotland 84 ONorway 83 OSlovenia 83 OInternational average 82 ONetherlands 80 OPhilippines 75 qUnited States 75 qBelgium (Flemish) 74 qAustralia 72 qNew Zealand 65 qMorocco 58 qTunisia 49 q

a


Correct Response:






lIFe sCIenCe ReproductionandHeredity ConceptualUnderstanding

effectonadultheight


S011033

What will most likely affect your adult height?

a The height of your parents

b The height of your brothers and sisters

c Your hair color

d Your weight

Russian Federation 75 pNetherlands 68 pNorway 61 pLithuania 59 pSlovenia 57 pItaly 56 pMoldova, Republic of 51 pLatvia 49 pEngland 49 pHungary 48 pBelgium (Flemish) 45 ONew Zealand 44 OInternational average 43 OIran, Islamic Republic of 42 OAustralia 41 OSingapore 41 OUnited States 38 qScotland 38 qArmenia 35 qPhilippines 29 qCyprus 27 qChinese Taipei 26 qHong Kong, SAR 25 qJapan 25 qTunisia 22 qMorocco 20 q

a


Correct Response:






lIFe sCIenCe ReproductionandHeredity ConceptualUnderstanding

explainyellowcolorofaplant


B

S031269

A plant has yellow flowers. What best explains why the flowersare yellow?

a The sunshine colored the flowers yellow.

b The flowers of the parent plants were yellow.

c It was very warm when they flowered.

d It rained every day.

Italy 79 pLithuania 77 pCyprus 70 pRussian Federation 66 pSingapore 64 pLatvia 63 pHungary 62 pJapan 62 pArmenia 60 pHong Kong, SAR 60 pBelgium (Flemish) 59 pMoldova, Republic of 58 ONetherlands 57 OEngland 56 ONorway 54 OInternational average 54Chinese Taipei 53 OUnited States 46 qAustralia 43 qSlovenia 43 qScotland 43 qNew Zealand 42 qPhilippines 38 qMorocco 29 qIran, Islamic Republic of 28 qTunisia 28 q


Correct Response:






D


Body’suseofexcessfood

lIFe sCIenCestructure,Function,andLife

ProcessesinOrganismsConceptualUnderstanding

S011004

If the body takes in more food than it uses,

a breathing becomes faster.

b weight is lost.

c the heart rate increases.

d the food is stored as fat.

Japan 86 pLithuania 82 pHungary 81 pNetherlands 80 pHong Kong, SAR 77 pLatvia 76 pSingapore 76 pUnited States 76 pEngland 76 pBelgium (Flemish) 76 pNew Zealand 75 pScotland 75 pItaly 74 pMoldova, Republic of 74 pNorway 74 pRussian Federation 71 OSlovenia 71 OChinese Taipei 70 OInternational average 69 OAustralia 68 OArmenia 58 qCyprus 56 qIran, Islamic Republic of 46 qTunisia 41 qPhilippines 40 qMorocco 39 q


Correct Response:








Teeth


D

S011015

The teeth that people use for grinding their food are labeled in the pictureas

a 1 only

b 3 only

c 1 and 2

d 3 and 4

1

2 2

2 2

3

3 3

4

44

4 Upper Teeth

Lower Teeth

1

3

Japan 90 pNetherlands 88 pLithuania 87 pSingapore 86 pRussian Federation 84 pHong Kong, SAR 82 pHungary 82 pLatvia 82 pChinese Taipei 81 pUnited States 81 pMoldova, Republic of 80 pBelgium (Flemish) 79 pInternational average 74 OEngland 73 OCyprus 72 OIran, Islamic Republic of 72 ONew Zealand 71 OArmenia 70 qItaly 70 OScotland 70 ONorway 69 qAustralia 68 qSlovenia 68 qPhilippines 54 qTunisia 45 qMorocco 43 q


Correct Response:






D


Plantsandwaterabsorption



S011026

Which part of the plant takes in the MOST water?

a Part A

b Part B

c Part C

d Part D

Part B

Part D

Part A

Part C

Hungary 95 pJapan 94 pCyprus 92 pMoldova, Republic of 92 pArmenia 91 pAustralia 90 OEngland 90 pLatvia 89 ONew Zealand 89 pRussian Federation 89 OSlovenia 89 pItaly 88 ONetherlands 88 OUnited States 88 pHong Kong, SAR 87 ONorway 87 OBelgium (Flemish) 87 OChinese Taipei 86 OLithuania 86 OInternational average 86 OSingapore 85 OScotland 83 qPhilippines 82 OMorocco 75 qIran, Islamic Republic of 74 qTunisia 64 q









• statesthatthebodyreleasessweatorequivalent.Examples: Her body sweats to cool down.

She sweats.Sweat.It gives off sweat.Perspire

• OthercorrectExamples: Blood vessels dilate.

Incorrect Response

• Refersonlytovoluntaryorexternalactivities.Examples:Shecouldjumpintoalake.

Beth could fan her hand in front of her face.Drink water.She needs to rest.Take a shower.Shecouldtakeherjacketoff.Do a cool down exercise.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegible,orofftask)Examples: Her heart beats faster.

Whatthebodydoestocooldown



S031246

Beth is playing soccer. She gets very hot. Name one thing her body does tocool down.

Hong Kong, SAR 55 pNetherlands 45 pUnited States 38 pRussian Federation 36 pAustralia 32 pEngland 32 pLatvia 30 pItaly 29 pNew Zealand 29 pScotland 29 pChinese Taipei 27 pBelgium (Flemish) 26 OSingapore 25 ONorway 24 OSlovenia 24 OInternational average 24 OArmenia 21 OJapan 20 qMoldova, Republic of 19 qHungary 12 qLithuania 12 qIran, Islamic Republic of 9 qCyprus 8 qTunisia 4 qMorocco 3 qPhilippines 2 q


Student Responses


Whatthebodydoestocooldown(continued)Item Number: S031246

Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:


Correct Response:







ProcessesinOrganismsFactualKnowledge

Airwhenapersonbreathes


C

S011025

Where does air go when a person breathes in?

a Into the heart

b Into the stomach

c Into the lungs

d Into the liver

Lithuania 95 pHungary 94 pRussian Federation 93 pHong Kong, SAR 92 pItaly 92 pLatvia 92 pSlovenia 91 pEngland 91 pAustralia 90 pMoldova, Republic of 90 pNorway 89 pUnited States 89 pScotland 89 pSingapore 88 pNew Zealand 87 pNetherlands 86 pCyprus 84 OBelgium (Flemish) 84 OInternational average 83 OIran, Islamic Republic of 81 OArmenia 76 qTunisia 68 qChinese Taipei 67 qMorocco 67 qJapan 58 qPhilippines 39 q


Correct Response:







ProcessesinOrganismsFactualKnowledge

interpretationofsenses


S012033

Humans interpret seeing, hearing, tasting and smelling in the

a brain

b spinal cord

c receptors

d skin

Russian Federation 84 pMoldova, Republic of 82 pNorway 79 pHong Kong, SAR 77 pHungary 75 pEngland 69 pBelgium (Flemish) 69 pNew Zealand 68 pAustralia 67 pUnited States 66 pScotland 65 pSingapore 64 pJapan 62 OLatvia 61 OInternational average 59 ONetherlands 52 qMorocco 48 qChinese Taipei 46 qItaly 43 qSlovenia 40 qPhilippines 39 qLithuania 38 qIran, Islamic Republic of 37 qTunisia 23 qArmenia 0 qCyprus 0 q

a


Correct Response:







ProcessesinOrganismsReasoningandAnalysis

Pulse/breathingrateafterexercise


C

S012

010

Immediately before and after running a 50 meter race, your pulse and

breathing rates are taken. What changes would you expect to find?

a no change in pulse but a decrease in breathing rate

b an increase in pulse but no change in breathing rate

c an increase in pulse and breathing rate

d a decrease in pulse and breathing rate

e no change in either

Chinese Taipei 92 pNetherlands 86 pHong Kong, SAR 85 pSingapore 85 pLithuania 78 pNorway 77 pSlovenia 77 pHungary 74 pEngland 73 pJapan 72 pRussian Federation 72 pLatvia 70 OAustralia 67 OInternational average 67 OUnited States 65 OItaly 63 ONew Zealand 63 qScotland 63 OArmenia 60 qMoldova, Republic of 59 qBelgium (Flemish) 58 qCyprus 52 qIran, Islamic Republic of 52 qTunisia 48 qMorocco 47 qPhilippines 29 q








• statesthattheseedswereblownintothegarden(bythewind)orsimilar.Examples: The wind blew them.

Theyflewintothegarden.They were carried through the air.Someoneblewtheplantforwishesandtheseedsflewoff.

• OthercorrectExamples: Birds could have dropped them.

Incorrect Response

• statesonlythatsomeoneplantedtheseedsthere(orsimilar).Examples: Rebecca must have planted them and forgot about it.

Somebody else put them there.

• States only that the seeds came from a plant. [No method of dispersal included.]Examples: The seeds fell from the plant.

Some other plants might have grown the seeds.She got them from another plant.



Garden: how seeds get into garden


ProcessesinOrganismsReasoningandAnalysis

S031442

Rebecca planted her garden. After a few months, she noticed some plantsgrowing that she had not planted. She knew that the plants must havegrown from seeds. She collected some seeds from one of the plants. Theplant and seeds are shown in the picture below.

How did the seeds most likely get into her garden?


Plant Seeds

Japan 81 pChinese Taipei 69 pNetherlands 68 pBelgium (Flemish) 61 pEngland 59 pLithuania 58 pRussian Federation 57 pHungary 56 pLatvia 56 pHong Kong, SAR 53 pUnited States 47 pSlovenia 43 OItaly 42 OInternational average 42 OMoldova, Republic of 40 OAustralia 39 OSingapore 39 ONew Zealand 34 qNorway 33 qScotland 33 qCyprus 27 qArmenia 18 qIran, Islamic Republic of 11 qPhilippines 10 qTunisia 5 qMorocco 3 q


Student Responses


Garden: how seeds get into garden (continued)Item Number: S031442

Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:


Correct Response:







B

lIFe sCIenCeTypes,Characteristics,and

Classification of Living ThingsConceptualUnderstanding

Whichdoesn’tlayeggs

S011016

Which one of these animals does NOT lay eggs?

a chickens

b dogs

c frogs

d turtles

Singapore 97 pUnited States 97 pBelgium (Flemish) 97 pAustralia 96 pRussian Federation 96 pScotland 96 pItaly 95 pLithuania 95 pEngland 95 pChinese Taipei 94 pLatvia 94 pNorway 94 pJapan 93 pNew Zealand 92 pMoldova, Republic of 91 ONetherlands 91 OSlovenia 91 OHungary 90 OHong Kong, SAR 89 OInternational average 89 OCyprus 88 OArmenia 82 qIran, Islamic Republic of 79 qPhilippines 75 qMorocco 69 qTunisia 52 q








Classification of Living ThingsConceptualUnderstanding

Areplantslivingornonliving



• lIVInGwithacorrectexplanationthatreferstoreproduction,responsetostimuliorcellularstructure(orsimilar).Examples: They reproduce.

They respond to light (a stimulus).They are made up of cells.Plants can move, grow and reproduce.They reproduce and respond to changes.

• lIVInGwithacorrectexplanationthatreferstobasicneeds,life/deathcycle,growth,movement,functions,etc.Examples: They make their own food.

They breathe.They grow.They require air (oxygen).They need light to grow.They need air, water and food or they will die.They can die.They eat and drink.

Note: Some human terms for function are accepted as applied to plants even if they are not strictly correct. For example, ‘breathe’ is accepted as meaning that plants take in air (oxygen, carbon dioxide) and ‘drink’ is accepted as meaning that plants take in water.

• Othercorrect

Incorrect Response

• lIVInGwithnoexplanationoranincorrectexplanation.Examples: They are green.

Because of sun and rain.

• NON-LIVINGwithorwithoutexplanation.

Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegible,orofftask)

S031218

Are plants living or nonliving?

(Check one box.)

C Living

C Nonliving

Explain your answer.

Singapore 84 pJapan 77 pLatvia 72 pItaly 71 pNetherlands 70 pHungary 66 pChinese Taipei 65 pBelgium (Flemish) 64 pSlovenia 63 pEngland 63 pNew Zealand 61 pAustralia 60 pUnited States 60 pHong Kong, SAR 57 OLithuania 55 OInternational average 53 OScotland 50 OCyprus 48 qMoldova, Republic of 43 qNorway 41 qIran, Islamic Republic of 40 qRussian Federation 40 qArmenia 32 qTunisia 20 qPhilippines 19 qMorocco 14 q


Student Responses


Areplantslivingornonliving(continued)Item Number: S031218

Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:


Correct Response:







Groupthatconsistsonlyoflivingthings


Classification of Living ThingsFactualKnowledge

S031212

Which group consists only of living things?

a rabbit, seed, bird

b seed, bird, wind

c volcano, candle, rabbit

d wind, candle, volcano

Italy 89 pSingapore 89 pHong Kong, SAR 87 pJapan 87 pRussian Federation 86 pHungary 84 pLatvia 78 pMoldova, Republic of 76 pChinese Taipei 72 pNetherlands 72 OUnited States 72 pEngland 72 OCyprus 69 OScotland 69 OInternational average 69 OAustralia 65 OLithuania 65 qNew Zealand 64 qBelgium (Flemish) 64 qIran, Islamic Republic of 61 qArmenia 58 qSlovenia 58 qNorway 50 qPhilippines 49 qMorocco 41 qTunisia 40 q

a


Correct Response:







Classification of Living ThingsFactualKnowledge

Whichareinsects


S031349

Which of these are insects?

a 1 and 3 only

b 1 and 4 only

c 2 and 4 only

d 3 and 4 only

1 2 3 4

Lithuania 94 pSingapore 92 pItaly 91 pJapan 91 pRussian Federation 91 pUnited States 91 pNorway 90 pChinese Taipei 89 pNetherlands 89 pBelgium (Flemish) 89 pAustralia 88 pHungary 86 pEngland 86 pCyprus 85 pMoldova, Republic of 85 pNew Zealand 85 pLatvia 84 pScotland 83 OHong Kong, SAR 81 OInternational average 81 OSlovenia 79 OIran, Islamic Republic of 76 qPhilippines 64 qArmenia 59 qTunisia 49 qMorocco 35 q

a


Content Domain Page

Physical Science S011008 Whichdecaysfastest 3

S031061 Candleflamelasttogoout 4

S031420 Activitythatresultsinnewmaterial 5

S011006 Whatstrongmagnetsseparate 6

S031035 Commonsubstancesthatdissolveinwater 7

S031406A Objectsmadeofmetals/name 8

S031406B Objectsmadeofmetals/property 10

S031409 Truestatementforallobjects 12

S031053 Identifywood,rockandiron 13

S031038 Whichbulbwilllight 16

S031306 Figurewheretwomagnetsrepel 17

S011011 Renewableenergysource 18

S011001 Objectsfloatinginwater 19

S031313 Whichcanmakeobjectsrepel 20

S011009 Weightonscale 21

S011014 Whymadeofcopper 22

S031072 Twothingswrongwiththeshadow 23

S011029 Whichcouldcauserainbow 28

S011017 Soapbubbles 29

S011030 Boilingwater 30

S031370 Differencebetweensolidsandliquids 31

S031372A Solid,liquid,andgasinacontainer/identify 33

S031372B Solid,liquid,andgasinacontainer/explain 36

S031005 Closedglassbottlefilledwithwater 41

Earth Science S011027 Whichdiagramshowsshadow 43

S011018 Whichishottest 44

S011022 Earth’smovement 45

S031060 Howmuchtimetonextfullmoon 46

S031440 Garden:whichsideofthehousegetsmostsun 47

S011032 Directionofwater 50

S031382 Watervaporwhenitgetscold 52

S011005 Wherearefossilsfound 54

S031383 Townwhereitismostlikelytosnow 55

S011007 Saltiestwater 56

S012007 LayersofEarth 57

S031082 Rockcarriedfarthestdowntheriver 58

S011003 Earth’ssurface 59

S011012 Gasweneedtobreathe 60

S011013 Ironandaluminum 61

S011023 Terry’srocks 62

S031379 Bestlocationtogrowcrops 63

Content Domain Page

Life Science S011019 Plantsandfishinriver 64

S031398 Wherewegetmineralstomakethings 66

S031003 Larvaefoundinabagofrice 67

S031251 Physicalchangeaschildrenbecomeadults 68

S031252 Organismsthatgivebirthorlayeggs 70

S031443 Garden:whyinsectsareimportantforfloweringplants 74

S031017 Insectcorrectlypairedwithitsyoungform 78

S031287 Plantfoundintropicalrainforest 79

S031284 Physicalfeaturetogetridofbodyheat 80

S031439A Garden:whyplantsneedlighttogrow 81

S031439B Garden:oneotherthingplantsneedtogrow 83

S011010 Herbivorousanimal 85

S031338 Wheretadpolegetsitsfood 86

S031441A Garden:whyroseswillnotgrowunderoaktrees 87

S031441B Garden:plantsthatgrowwellinfourareas 92

S011031 Washinghands 98

S031330 Protectionfromthesun 99

S011021 Plantgrownforfood 101

S011033 Effectonadultheight 102

S031269 Explainyellowcolorofaplant 103

S011004 Body’suseofexcessfood 104

S011015 Teeth 105

S011026 Plantsandwaterabsorption 106

S031246 Whatthebodydoestocooldown 107

S011025 Airwhenapersonbreathes 109

S012033 Interpretationofsenses 110

S012010 Pulse/breathingrateafterexercise 111

S031442 Garden:howseedsgetintogarden 112

S011016 Whichdoesn’tlayeggs 114

S031218 Areplantslivingornonliving 115

S031212 Groupthatconsistsonlyoflivingthings 117

S031349 Whichareinsects 118

Item Index 2003

released 4 science items · 2013-11-26 · • earth science • life science 2003 cognitive...

Documents