relation of form to structure (repaired)
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Relation of Form to Structure
FORM the shape and structure of something asdistinguished from its material and substance
Basic Forms
Cube (from square)
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Architecture_Design_pt.7_Skidmore_Owings_and_Merrill.fv
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Sphere (from circle)
Architecture_Design_pt._13_Santiago_Calatrava.fv
Architecture_Design_pt.__!en"o_#iano.fv
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Cylinder (from circle)
Architecture_Design_pt._1$_%ean_&ouvel.fv
Cone (from triangle)
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Pyramid (from triangle)
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STRUCTURE a stable assembly of structural elementsdesigned and constructed to function as a whole insupporting and transmitting applied loads safely to theground without exceeding the allowable stresses in themembers
Fundamental Structural Systems
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intel
Corbel
!rch
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Cohesi"e
#russ
#ypes of structures (according to beha"ior under the actionof an applied load or changing load$
!igid%f or pertaining to a structure or structural member ha"ing ashape that does not change appreciably under the action ofan applied load or changing loads
Bulk-active structurea structure or structural member that redirects externalforces primarily through thebulk and continuity of its
material& as a beamor column
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Vector-activea structure or structural member that redirects externalforces primarily through the composition of tension andcompression members& as a truss
Surface-activea structure or structural member that redirects externalforces primarily along the continuity of a surface& as a plateor shell
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Flexible
%f or pertaining to a structure or structural membercharacteri'ed by a lac of stiffness and ha"ing a shape that
responds to changes in loading
Form-active structurea structure or structural member that redirects externalforces primarily through the form of its material& as an archor cable
The Importance of Structural Thinking?
#he need to pro"ide buildings with mechanical andother en"ironmental subsystems that support the hori'ontal
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and "ertical mo"ement of men and materials as well aspro"ide for heating& "entilation& air conditioning& power&water& waste disposal& acoustical and lighting needs
! Pro"isions for heating& "entilation& !C& power& water andwaste ser"ices can be "isuali'ed in a tree diagram
* !coustics influenced by structural shape+ when astructure is flexible& "ibrations are transmitted
, dome roofs concentrate, dish roof disburses
C !rtificial and natural light
, good interface minimi'es structural interface, poor interface maximi'es structural interface
, natural light and structure interact at o"erall le"el
fully enclosed box represents simple
structural problem but pro"ides no naturallight
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fully transparent roof pro"ides natural lightbut poses a complex structural problem
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bearing wall and shear wall design is
simple but admits little light
frame design is more complex but allows
up to -./ of the walls to be transparent forlight and "iew
,