regional training center mepco
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
1/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
2/39
TRAINING OF JUNIOR ENGINEERS
TOPICS
1- Types of Energy Meters and Their Readings
2- Calculation of Accuracy
3- Difference Mode of Defects in the meters
4- illing to Defecti!e " #oc$ed %remises
&- 'arious methods of stealing premises " their detection(
)- Method of Charging to Misuse of Electricity Energy
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
3/39
Energy Meter
*att hour meter or energy meter is an instrument +hich measures
amount of electrical energy used ,y the consumers( ME%C installthese instruments at e!ery place li$e homes. industries.
organi/ations to charge the electricity consumption ,y loads such
as lights. fans and other appliances(
Basic unit of poer is atts( ne thousand +atts is one $ilo+att(
0f +e use one $ilo+att in one hour. it is considered as one unit of
energy consumed( These meters measure the instantaneous
!oltage and currents. calculate its product and gi!es instantaneous
po+er( This po+er is integrated o!er a period +hich gi!es the
energy utili/ed o!er that time period(
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
4/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
5/39
These may ,e single or three phase meters depending on thesupply utili/ed ,y domestic or commercial installations( or small
ser!ice measurements li$e domestic customers. these can ,e
directly connected ,et+een line and load( ut for larger loads. step
do+n current transformers must ,e placed to isolate energy metersfrom higher currents(
Types of Energy Meters
1-Electromechanical Meter 2- tatic Energy Meter
3-mart Energy Meter
4-AMR mart Meter M5
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
6/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
7/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
8/39
E!ectro"ec#anica! "eters or$s on t#e principa! of
e!ectro"agnetic in%uction( 0t is the popularly $no+n and most
common type of age old +att hour meter( 0t consists of rotating
aluminum disc mounted on a spindle ,et+een t+o electro magnets(
peed of rotation of disc is proportional to the po+er and this po+er is
integrated ,y the use of counter mechanism and gear trains( 0t
comprises of t+o silicon steel laminated electromagnets i(e(. series an%
s#unt "agnets(
Series "agnet carries a coil +hich is of fe+ turns of thic$ +ire
connected in series +ith line +hereas shunt magnet carries coil +ith
many turns of thin +ire connected across the supply(
Brea$ing "agnet is a permanent magnet +hich applies the force
opposite to normal disc rotation to mo!e that disc at ,alanced position
and to stop the disc +hile po+er is off(
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
9/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
10/39
Series "agnet produces the flu6 +hich is proportional to the current flo+ing and
shunt magnet produces the flu6 proportional to the !oltage( These t+o flu6es lag
,y 78 degrees due to inducti!e nature( The interaction of these t+o fields
produces eddy current in the dis$. e6erting a force. +hich is proportional to
product of instantaneous !oltage. current and phase angle ,et+een them(
&ertica! spin%!e or shaft of the a!u"inu" %isc is connected to gear arrangement
+hich records a num,er. proportional to the num,er of re!olutions of the disc( This
gear arrangement sets the num,er in a series of %ia!s and indicates energy
consumed o!er a time( This type of meter is simple in construction and accuracy
is some+hat less due to creeping and other e6ternal fields( A ma9or pro,lem
+ith these types of meters is their easy prone to tampering. leading to
a re:uirement of an electrical energy monitoring system( These are !ery
commonly used in domestic and industrial applications(
Rea%ing '( T#eir rea%ing can )e ta$en fro" Rea%ing *ia!+*ru",
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
11/39
Accuracy '(
Accuracy of t#ese "eters can )e c#ec$e% )y
co"paring T(O -ti"e o)ser.e%/ 0 T(C -ti"e ca!cu!ate%/ of
"eters .erifie% )y %isc re.s it# t#e #e!p of stop atc#,
For"u!a for accuracy test is as un%er'(
1233 4 No, of Re.s of %isc T(C 5 6666666666666666666666666
Meter Re.s 7 R,8oa%
T(C ( T(O9 age Error 5 6666666666666666666 7 :33
T(G
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
12/39
E7a"p!e'( ;,;< $ !oa% is running on a sing!e p#ase S,B, "a$e"eter #a.ing Re.s =33 + $#, >ou #a.e o)ser.e% t#e ti"e of 3<
re.s of t#e %isc as ;< sec, t#en Accuracy?
T(O5Ti"e O)ser.e% 5 ;< Sec
Meter Re.s 5 =33
R+8oa%5;,;< $
T(C5?
1233 4 3<
T(C 5 6666666666666666666666666 5 ;3 Sec
=33 7 ;,;<
;3 ( ;<
9 age Error 5 6666666666666666666 7 :33
;<
9 age Error 5 ( ;39 S!o
It s#os t#at sing!e p#ase S,B, Ma$e "eter is (;
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
13/39
;(*igita! E!ectronic Energy Meters
Digital signal processor or high performance microprocessors are used in digital electric
meters( 2imilar to the analog meters. !oltage and current transducers are connected to a
high resolution ADC( -nce it con!erts analog signals to digital samples. !oltage and currentsamples are multiplied and integrated ,y digital circuits to measure the energy consumed(
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
14/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
15/39
@or$ing of Static Meter
Microprocessor also calculates phase angle ,et+een !oltage andcurrent. so that it also measures and indicates reacti!e po+er( 0t is
progra""e% in such a +ay that it calculates energy according to the
tariff and other parameters li$e po+er factor. ma6imum demand. etc
and stores all these !alues in a non !olatile memory EEPROM(
0t contains real time cloc$ -RTC/ for calculating time for po+er
integration. ma6imum demand calculations and also date and time
stamps for particular parameters( urthermore it interacts +ith !iui%
crysta! %isp!ay -8C*/ co""unication %e.ices and other meter
outputs( Battery is pro!ided for RTC and other significant peripherals
for ,ac$up po+er(
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
16/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
17/39
Rea%ing'(
Rea%ings of static energy "eters can easi!y )e ta$en
fro" its 8C*, Rea%ings para"eters e7#i)ite% on 8C* are gi.en
as un%er'(
:( Meter No,
;( Tota! # Rea%ings
1( Pre.ious Mont# M*I -$/
=( Current Mont# M*I -$/
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
18/39
1, S"art Energy Meters0t is an ad!anced metering technology in!ol!ing placing intelligent meters
to read. process and feed,ac$ the data to customers( 0t measures
energy consumption. remotely s+itches the supply to customers and
remotely controls the ma6imum electricity consumption( mart metering
system uses the ad!anced metering infrastructure system technology for
,etter performance(
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
19/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
20/39
T#ese are capa)!e of co""unicating in )ot# %irections, T#ey can trans"it t#e %ata
to t#e uti!ities !i$e energy consu"ption para"eter .a!ues a!ar"s etc an% a!so can
recei.e infor"ation fro" uti!ities suc# as auto"atic "eter rea%ing syste"
reconnect+%isconnect instructions upgra%ing of "eter softareDs an% ot#er
i"portant "essages, T#ese "eters re%uce t#e nee% to .isit #i!e ta$ing or rea%ing
"ont#!y )i!!, Mo%e"s are use% in t#ese s"art "eters to faci!itate co""unication
syste"s suc# as te!ep#one ire!ess fi)er ca)!e poer !ine co""unications,
Anot#er a%.antage of s"art "etering is co"p!ete a.oi%ance of ta"pering of energy
"eter #ere t#ere is scope of using poer in an i!!ega! ay,
Rea%ing'(
Readings can ,e ta$en from #CD as static meter
Accuracy of Static 0 S"art Energy Meter
;ou can easily chec$ the accuracy of static energy meter +ith help of clip on $+h meter(
Running #oad is a!aila,le on #CD of meter at ending parameters in $+h( ;ou can compare
this load +ith your $+h meter(
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
21/39
Diferent Faults in Energy
Meters
1.Terminal Burnt / Meter Burnt
2.Meter Dead / Sticking
3.LCD as!ed "ut
#.Dis$lay %eld
&.'eading Figure Missing
(.Sl)* Meter
+.Dis$lay ,$$ear / Disa$$ear itsel-
.,n)rmal 'ec)rdings 0 side
.Err)r "4E5ED )n LCD
16.'eadings 'eset 7 "8ers!))t
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
22/39
9ari)us Met!)ds )- Stealing
4remises
1. Meter 'e8ersed t!r)ug! terminal l)ck2. Tilted Meter
3. 4!ase 4)larity C!ange
#. Direct Su$$ly
&. L))$ in terminal l)ck )- meter
(. L))$ )n 49C cale u$side t!e meter: )n t!e $)le
+. %)le in meter -)r 'eading 'e8ersing
. B)dy tam$ered -)r grinding dial gears
. LCD ;ntenti)nally *as!ed / damaged *it! )8er
8)ltage/)8en/acid
16. Meter B)dy tam$ered -)r l))$s / 'em)te C)ntr)l De8ice
inside t!e meter c)8er
11. Meter
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
23/39
Billing / C!arging t) De-ecti8e / Stealing
4remises
;n Case )- de-ecti8e meter a8erage s!)uld ec!arged t) c)nsumer a-ter c)nsulting t!e C/L)ad.
;- $remises are l)cked t!en t!ree yearsc)nsum$ti)n data s!)uld e c)nsulted and 11m)nt!s a8erage )r c)rres$)nding m)nt!
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
24/39
%% System T) res)l8e t!e diference issues
regarding illing: ME4C" !as als) intr)duced %%System. %and !andling nits !as im$r)8ed t!e*)rking )- meter reading $r)cess. Due t) t!issystem: 'eading Sna$ )- e8ery ,/C 5). is a8ailalem)nt! *ise. ,n)rmal illing !as een st)$$ed.Sna$ )- E/meter *it! Final 'eadings is a8ailale in
Energy Bill.
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
25/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
26/39
#? ,M' 0 SM Meters
Now AMR (GSM) Meters have replaced static meters. It has
been designed on latest & fll! secred GSM based technolog!.
"ith the help of this s!stem #o can obtain all reading
parameters of an! AMR meter at an! time on !or laptop or
Smart $hone with a single & simple login I% within a mintetime.
• #o can easil! diagnose the falts occrring in Amr meters
while sitting in 'ce.
• In ase of an! billing dispte !o can disconnect the sppl!
of the consmer.
• No isse of abnormal charging will arose.
• AMR S!stem can save *+ !ears consmption record of
consmer which can be viewed ,conslted,printed within
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
27/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
28/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
29/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
30/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
31/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
32/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
33/39
AMR Meter-s woring on Gala/! Software
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
34/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
35/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
36/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
37/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
38/39
-
8/19/2019 Regional Training Center MEPCO
39/39
THANKS