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DuPont Engineering Polymers
StartwithDuPont
Processing Guide
Typical Processing Conditionsfor DuPont Engineering Polymers
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Typical Processing Conditionsfor DuPont Engineering Polymers
Injection Molding of EngineeringPolymersThe injection molding of thermoplastic resins is awell known and widely practiced science. But itmust be performed properly if the optimum proper-ties of the material are to be achieved. DuPontPolymers makes a number of engineering plasticsrepresenting a range of chemical types. Each hasits own specific processing characteristics whichmust be considered and understood before success-ful molding operations can be accomplished. Theinformation presented is intended to provide guid-ance in the molding and extruding of DuPont
Engineering Polymers. Additional information canbe found in the Molding Guide for each product.
Processing ConditionsThe optimum processing conditions for a plasticare determined by the nature of the plastic. It isimportant that the recommended processing condi-tions be followed, subject to the experience of themolder. Molding conditions can affect the perfor-mance of the polymer, especially toughness, moldshrinkage, weld lines, post mold shrinkage andsurface appearance of the molded part.
Sales InformationDuPont Engineering Polymers are manufactured inten countries and sold throughout the world. Localsales and technical support personnel are availableto serve you almost anywhere. For further informa-tion, please contact any of the regional offices onthe back cover.
Tables 15Tables 15describe typical processing conditionsfor injection molding of ZytelNylon Resin,MinlonEngineering Thermoplastic Resin, GlassReinforced Zytel, DelrinAcetal Resin, Hytrel
Engineering Thermoplastic Elastomer, RynitePETThermoplastic Polyester Resin, Rynite PBTThermoplastic Polyester Resin and Zenite.
Table 6Table 6describes typical extrusion conditions forZytel, Delrin, and Hytrel.
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Resin Grade
Resin Code Description
Table 1Zytel Nylon Resin
66 Nylon 101 General PurposeUnmodified101L General PurposeLubricated101F General PurposeFast Cycle103HSL Heat StabilizedLubricated103FHS Fast CycleHeat Stabilized105 BK010A Weather Resistant122L Hydrolysis Resistant132F Fast CycleLightly Nucleated133L NucleatedColor StabilizedLubricated
Toughened 408 Impact Resistant66 Nylon 408HS Impact ResistantHeat Stabilized
408L Impact ResistantLubricated450HSL BK Intermediate Impact Resistance, Heat Stabilized
and Lubricated3189 Impact Resistant3189HSL Heat S tabilizedLubricated
Super Tough ST800L Outstanding Impact ResistanceLubricatedNylon ST800HSL Heat Stabilized ST800L
ST801 Outstanding Impact ResistanceLubricatedST801HS Heat Stabilized ST801ST801W Weatherable, UV Resistant ST801
ST901L Amorphous Characteristics
ST901HSL Amorphous CharacteristicsHeat Stabilized
ST811HS Super Tough Nylon 6Heat Stabilized
612 Nylon 151L General PurposeLubricated153HSL Heat StabilizedLubricated157HSL BK010 Weather and Heat ResistantLubricated158L High Viscosity and Tougher Than 151LLubricated
Modified 109L Color StabilizedNucleatedLubricatedCopolymer
Transparent Nylon 330 General PurposeAmorphous Characteristics
Melt (Stock)Temperature*
280305C(535580F)
290295C(550560F)
290295C(550560F)
275300C
(530570F)
225290C(440550F)
230290C(450550F)
255290C(490550F)
300320C(570610F)
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SIunits. See your sales representative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
DehumidifyingDryer Conditions
Time/Temp.
Virgin resin is packaged dry inmoisture-proof boxes and bags.Pre-drying should not benecessary unless package isdamaged.
It is important to keep resin dryduring molding. If residence timein the hopper is over one hour, adehumidified hopper dryer is
recommended (80C[175F]).
Regrind resin must be dried at80C(175F). Time will dependon storage time, particle sizeand humidity.
The following are generalguidelines:
Time in Drying Time**Open Container (at 80C [175F])
04 hr 2 hr
424 hr 4 hr
15 days 24 hr
>5 days 48 hr
Nylon will discolor on drying. The
amount of color change dependson temperature and time.
Consult Molding Manual on Zytelfor more detailed information.
**Dew point 18C(
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Increasing backpressure increases thework done by the screwon the melt.
This has the followingadvantages anddisadvantages:
Advantages
Increases melt
temperature anduniformity.
Can be used tominimize unmeltedparticles.
Improves color mixingwhen colorconcentrates areused.
Disadvantages
Decreases output ofscrew.
Increases drool(nozzle).
Reduces glass fiberlength in glass-
reinforced resins,thus changingphysical properties(strength/impactresistance).
Increases equipmentwear with filledresins.
Scrubs barrel (blackspecks).
Screw retraction timeshould be approximately80% of the cool time foroptimum molding.
34138 MPa(5,00020,000 psi)
41138 MPa(6,00020,000 psi)
41138 MPa(6,00020,000 psi)
69138 MPa
(10,00020,000 psi)
55138 MPa(8,00020,000 psi)
34138 MPa(5,00020,000 psi)
41138 MPa(6,00020,000 psi)
62138 MPa(9,00020,000 psi)
101101L101F103HSL103FHS105 BK010A122L132F133L
408408HS408L450HSL BK
31893189HSL
ST800LST800HSLST801ST801HSST801W
ST901L
ST901HSL
ST811HS
151L153HSL157HSL BK010158L
109L
330
260300C 270C 275C 280C Moderate(500570F) (520F) (525F) (540F) to Fast
260300C 275C 280C 295C Moderate(500570F) (525F) (535F) (560F)
260300C 275C 280C 295C Moderate(500570F) (525F) (535F) (560F)
265305C 280C 285C 300C Moderate
(510580F) (535F) (545F) (570F) to Fast
225C 225C 230C 245C Moderate(440F) (440F) (450F) (470F)
230C 225C 230C 240C Moderate(450F) (440F) (445F) (460F) to Fast
255C 250C 255C 265C Moderate(490F) (485F) (490F) (505F)
275295C 290C 290C 280C Moderate(530560F) (550F) (555F) (535F)
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
Table 1Zytel Nylon Resin
Fill Screw Back InjectionSpeed Speed Pressure Pressure
Slow toModerate
Slow toModerate
Slow toModerate
Moderate
Slow toModerate
Slow toModerate
Slow toModerate
Slow toModerate
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SI
units. See your sales representative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
Reciprocating Screw Machine*
Typical Cylinder Temperatures
Nozzle Front Center Rear
ResinGrade
Code
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101101L101F103HSL103FHS105 BK010A122L132F133L
408408HS408L450HSL BK
31893189HSL
ST800LST800HSLST801ST801HSST801W
ST901L
ST901HSL
ST811HS
151L153HSL157HSL BK010158L
109L
330
4095C(100200F)
4095C(100200F)
4095C(100200F)
4080C(100175F)
4095C(100200F)
4095C(100200F)
4095C(100200F)
6595C(150200F)
Mold SurfaceTemperature* Comments
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
Molding wet nylon resin will show up as one or more of these:
drool and frothy melt
splay on part surface
brittle parts
Drool can be minimized by
decreasing nozzle temperature
decreasing melt temperature
decreasing cycle ensuring that resin is dry
using suck back, or
using a reverse taper nozzle.
If screw does not retract or retracts erratically, check rear zone temperature or heater band. Aluminumdistearate may be added (20 g per 22.7 kg[50 lb] maximum) to aid in screw retraction. Too much lubricantmay show up as surface splay and/or brittle parts. Also, moisture levels greater than 0.5% may causeerratic screw recovery. Check moisture and dry to less than 0.2%.
Nylon parts will absorb moisture after molding, which can cause changes in physical properties (moistureincreases impact resistance and elongation) and dimensions.
If higher toughness (impact resistance) is required, toughened compositions should be considered.
Nylon parts that have been degraded (as evidenced by brittleness or brown color) should not be regroundand remolded.
Dehumidified drying ovens and vacuum drying are also suitable.
Consult the Molding Manual on Zytel for additional details.
Table 1Zytel Nylon Resin
ResinGrade
Code
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SIunits. See your sales representative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
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GRZ Glass-Reinforced Zytel
General Purpose 70G13L 13% GlassLubricated70G13HS1L 13% GlassHeat Stabilized, Lubricated
70G33L 33% GlassLubricated70G33HRL 33% GlassHydrolysis Resistant,
Lubricated70G33HS1L 33% GlassHeat Stabilized, Lubricated70G43L 43% GlassLubricated
Improved Surface 72G13L 13% GlassLubricated,66/6 Copolymer
72G13HS1L 13% GlassHeat Stabilized, Lubricated72G33L 33% GlassLubricated,
66/6 Copolymer72G33HS1L 33% GlassHeat Stabilized, Lubricated72G43L 43% GlassHeat Stabilized, Lubricated
Impact Modified 71G13L 13% GlassLubricated71G13HS1L 13% GlassHeat Stabilized, Lubricated71G33L 33% GlassLubricated
Toughened 8018 14% Glass8018HS 14% GlassHeat Stabilized80G33L 33% GlassLubricated80G33HS1L 33% GlassHeat Stabilized, Lubricated80G43HS1L 43% GlassHeat Stabilized, Lubricated
Toughened, 82G33L 33% GlassLubricated, 66/6 CopolymerImproved Surface
GR 612 Nylon 77G33L 33% GlassLubricated77G33HS1L 33% GlassHeat Stabilized, Lubricated77G43L 43% GlassLubricated
290310C(550590F)
270285C(520545F)
290310C(550590F)
290310C(550590F)
280305C(540580F)
280305C(540580F)
Flame Retarded Nylon
Zytel FR10 General PurposeUnreinforced
FR50 25% Glass-Reinforced
Minlon FR60 Mineral-Reinforced
Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic Resin
Engineering 10B40 Mineral-ReinforcedThermoplastic 10B40HS1 Mineral-ReinforcedHeat StabilizedResin 20B Mineral/Glass-Reinforced
22C Mineral/Glass-Reinforced
11C40 Intermediate ToughenedMineral Reinforced
12T ToughenedMineral Reinforced
295305C(560580F)
280300C(540570F)
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
Resin Grade
Resin Code Description
Table 2Flame Retarded Nylon, Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic Resin and Glass-Reinforced Zytel
Melt (Stock)Temperature*
DehumidifyingDryer Conditions
Time/Temp.
250275C(480525F)
Virgin resin is packaged dry inmoisture-proof boxes and bags.Pre-drying should not benecessary unless package isdamaged.
It is important to keep resin dryduring molding. If residence time
in the hopper is over one hour, adehumidified hopper dryer isrecommended (80C[175F]).
Regrind resin must be dried at80C(175F). Time will depend onstorage time, particle size andhumidity.
The following are generalguidelines:
Time in Drying Time**Open Container (at 80C [175F])
04 hr 2 hr
424 hr 4 hr
15 days 24 hr
>5 days 48 hr
Nylon will discolor on drying. Theamount of color change depends ontemperature and time.
Consult Molding Manual on Zytel formore detailed information.
**Dew point 18C(
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Flame Retarded Nylon
FR10
FR50
FR60
Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic Resin
10B4010B40HS120B22C
11C40
12T
Reciprocating Screw Machine*
Typical Cylinder Temperatures
Code Nozzle Front Center Rear
34138 MPa(5,00020,000 psi)
34138 MPa(5,00020,000 psi)
34138 MPa
(5,00020,000 psi)
55138 MPa(8,00020,000 psi)
55138 MPa(8,00020,000 psi)
34138 MPa
(5,00020,000 psi)
34138 MPa(5,00020,000 psi)
34138 MPa(5,00020,000 psi)
34138 MPa(5,00020,000 psi)
34138 MPa(5,00020,000 psi)
34138 MPa(5,00020,000 psi)
GRZ Glass-Reinforced Zytel
70G13L
70G13HS1L70G33L70G33HRL70G33HS1L70G43L
72G13L72G13HS1L72G33L72G33HS1L72G43L
71G13L71G13HS1L71G33L
8018
8018HS80G33L80G33HS1L80G43HS1L
82G33L
77G33L77G33HS1L77G43L
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
Table 2Flame Retarded Nylon, Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic Resin and Glass-Reinforced Zytel
Fill Screw Back InjectionSpeed Speed Pressure Pressure
295305C 280290C 290295C 295300C Fast Slow
(560580F) (540550F) (550560F) (560570F)
220250C 230240C 240245C 245250C Fast Slow(430480F) (450460F) (460470F) (470480F)
280295C 270275C 275280C 290300C Fast Slow(540560F) (520530F) (530540F) (550570F)
295305C 280290C 290295C 295300C Moderate Slow(560580F) (540550F) (550560F) (560570F) to Fast
280290C 275280C 275290C 280295C Moderate Slow(540550F) (530540F) (530550F) (540560F) to Fast
280295C 270275C 275280C 290300C Fast Slow
(540560F) (520530F) (530540F) (550570F)
270275C 260265C 260265C 270280C Fast Slow(520530F) (500510F) (500510F) (520540F)
280295C 270275C 275280C 290300C Fast Slow(540560F) (520530F) (530540F) (550570F)
275295C 270275C 275280C 290300C Fast Slow(530560F) (520530F) (530540F) (550570F)
280295C 270280C 270280C 280295C Fast Slow(540560F) (520540F) (520540F) (540560F)
275295C 265270C 270275C 280295C Fast Slow(530560F) (510520F) (520530F) (540560F)
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SIunits. See your sales representative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
Increasing backpressure increasesthe work done by thescrew on the melt.
This has thefollowing advantagesand disadvantages:
Advantages
Increases melttemperature anduniformity.
Can be used tominimize unmeltedparticles.
Improves colormixing when colorconcentrates areused.
Disadvantages
Decreases outputof screw.
Increases drool(nozzle).
Reduces glassfiber length inglass-reinforcedresins, thuschanging physicalproperties(strength/impactresistance).
Increasesequipment wearwith filled resins.
Scrubs barrel(black specks).
Screw retraction timeshould be approxi-mately 80% of the cooltime for optimummolding.
ResinGrade
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4065C(100150F)
65120C(150250F)
65100C(150210F)
65100C(150210F)
65100C(150210F)
65120C
(150250F)
65120C(150250F)
65120C(150250F)
65120C(150250F)
65120C(150250F)
65120C(150250F)
GRZ Glass-Reinforced Zytel
70G13L
70G13HS1L70G33L70G33HRL70G33HS1L70G43L
72G13L72G13HS1L72G33L72G33HS1L72G43L
71G13L71G13HS1L71G33L
80188018HS80G33L80G33HS1L80G43HS1L
82G33L
77G33L77G33HS1L77G43L
ResinGrade
Code
Flame Retarded Nylon
FR10
FR50
FR60
Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic Resin
10B4010B40HS120B22C
11C40
12T
Mold SurfaceTemperature* Comments
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
Table 2Flame Retarded Nylon, Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic Resin and Glass-Reinforced Zytel
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SIunits. See your sales representative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
Breathing of fumes should be avoided. Consult Zytel Molding Guide for recommended moldingarea ventilation.
At higher temperatures and excessively long holdup time, decomposition of the flame-retardedresins may occur, evolving some hydrogen halides (which are corrosive). See MSDS forinformation on these resins.
Shutdown must always be preceded by completely purging the molding machine.
Glass-reinforced nylons and Minlon are abrasive to equipment. Bimetallic barrel liners andscrew flight lands of a hard surfacing alloy are recommended. The following processingconditions will aid in minimizing wear:
use suggested high rear zone cylinder setting
use minimum screw speed and back pressure
keep check valve in good operating condition
The surface appearance of the molded part depends partly on the mold surface temperature.The temperatures shown here will give the best surfaces. It may be necessary to increase thenozzle temperature to prevent freeze-off.
A fast, one-second injection speed normally gives the highest gloss.
Consult the molding manual on glass-reinforced Zytel and Minlon for additional details.
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Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
8
High Viscosity 100 High Viscosity100P Superior Processing100F Fast Cycle100AF TFE Fiber FilledLow Friction107 UV Stabilized (Delrin 100 Base)
General Purpose 500 General Purpose 500P Superior Processing
500F Fast Cycle500AF TFE Fiber FilledLow Friction500CL Chemically Lubricated507 UV Stablized (Delrin 500 Base)570 20% GlassHigh Stiffness, Low Warpage577 Black Weatherable (Delrin 570 Base)
Low Viscosity 900 Low ViscosityHigh Flow900P Superior Processing900F Fast Cycle900HP High Productivity1700HP Special Purpose High Flow
Toughened 100ST Super Tough (Delrin 100 Base)500T Toughened (Delrin 500 Base)
Most Flexible Grades G3548W Flexible Grade with Color Stable Antioxidantand Lowest Melting 4056 Flexible Grade
HTR8122 Most Flexible GradeG4074 Flexible Grade with High Heat StabilizerG4078W Flexible Grade with Color Stable Antioxidant
Low to Mid-Range 4069 Flexible Grade, High PerformanceFlexural Modulus 4556 Mid-Range Flexiblity With High Performance
5526 Mid-Range Flexiblity With High Performance5556 Mid-Range Flexiblity With High Performance5555HS Mid-Range Grade with High Heat Stabilizer
Mid-Range Flexibi li ty G4774 Mid-Range Grade with High Heat StabilizerG5544 Mid-Range Grade with High Heat Stabil izer6356 Mid-Range with High Performance
High Strength and 7246 High Modulus, High Strength, High PerformanceStiffness 8238 High Modulus, High Strength, High Performance
Special Grades HTR6108 Mid-Range with Low Permeability to Fuels andOils
HTR8068 Flame Retardant Grade, UL-94V-0
Hytrel Engineering Thermoplastic Elastomer
Resin Grade
Resin Code Description
Table 3Delrin Acetal Resin and Hytrel Engineering Thermoplastic Resin
Melt (Stock)Temperature**
DehumidifyingDryer Conditions
Time/Temp.
Delrin Acetal Resin*
Not Usually Required
Drying Conditions for Hytrel
Drying DryingTemperature Time
Dehumidified 110C 23 hrhopper (230F)
Dehumidified 80C overnighthopper (175F)
Air circulating 110C 46 hroven (230F) (in dry weather)
**Grades in bold type are also available in Delrin II.
**The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SI units. See your salesrepresentative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
Hytrel can be used directly fromundamaged sealed bags and maynot need to be dried prior to mold-ing. As manufactured, thesepolymers are dried to a moisturecontent below 0.1% and packagedin special moisture-resistant bags.However, since there is a possibil-ity of damaged or open bags, and inany case when using regrind, adesiccant hopper dryer should beused to ensure moldings of highquality. This will also protectagainst moisture pickup duringprocessing. Dehumidified hopperdryers reduce and control the resin
moisture content and improvequality.
195215C(380420F)
205225C(400440F)
205225C(400440F)
205225C(400440F)
180205C(355400F)
190220C(375430F)
220250C(430480F)
230260C(445500F)
240260C(465500F)
205C(400F)
24 hr at 80C(175F)
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100100P100F100AF107
500500P500F500AF500CL507570577
900900P900F900HP1700HP
100ST500T
G3548W4056
HTR8122G4074G4078W
40694556552655565555HS
G4774
G55446356
72468238
HTR6108HTR8068
Reciprocating Screw Machine*
Typical Cylinder Temperatures
Code Nozzle Front Center RearFill Screw Back
Speed Speed Pressure
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
Table 3Delrin Acetal Resin and Hytrel Engineering Thermoplastic Resin
Delrin Acetal Resin*
Hytrel Engineering Thermoplastic Elastomer
210C 205C 205C 205C Moderate Slow(410F) (400F) (400F) (400F) to Fast
205C 200C 200C 200C Moderate Slow to(400F) (390F) (390F) (390F) to Fast Moderate
195C 190C 190C 190C Moderate Slow to(380F) (370F) (370F) (370F) to Fast Moderate
205C 200C 200C 200C Moderate Slow to
(400F) (390
F) (390
F) (390
F) to Fast Moderate
175C 190C 190C 165190C Moderate Moderate(345F) (375F) (375F) (330375F)
220C 230C 230C 205230C Moderate Moderate(430F) (455F) (455F) (400455F)
190C 205C 205C 180205C Moderate Moderate(375F) (400F) (400F) (355400F)
240C 245C 245C 220245C Moderate Moderate(465F) (475F) (475F) (430475F) to Fast
230C 245C 245C 220245C Moderate Moderate
(455F) (475F) (475F) (430475F)
190C 205C 205C 180205C Moderate Moderate(375F) (400F) (400F) (355400F)
Increasing back pressure increases the workdone by the screw on the melt.
This has the following advantages anddisadvantages:
Advantages
Increases melt temperature anduniformity.
Can be used to minimize unmeltedparticles.
Improves color mixing when colorconcentrates are used.
May be required for better mixing with any
of the five Hytrel concentrates withspecial additives.
Disadvantages
Decreases output of screw.
Increases drool (nozzle).
Scrubs barrel (black specks).
Increasing back pressure increases thework done by the screw on the melt.
This has the following advantages anddisadvantages:
Advantages
Increases melt temperature and
uniformity. Can be used to minimize unmelted
particles.
Improves color mixing when colorconcentrates are used.
Disadvantages
Decreases output of screw.
Increases drool (nozzle).
Reduces glass fiber length in glass-reinforced resins, thus changing physicalproperties (strength/impact resistance).
Increases equipment wear with filledresins.
Scrubs barrel (black specks).
**Grades in bold type are also available in Delrin II.
**The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SI units. See your salesrepresentative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
ResinGrade
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*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SI units. See your salesrepresentative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
Rynite PET Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
General Purpose 530 30% Glass-Reinforced545 45% Glass-Reinforced555 55% Glass-Reinforced,
Highest Stiffness
408 30% Glass-Reinforced,
Improved Toughness
Low Warp 935 35% Mica/Glass-Reinforced940 40% Mica/Glass-Reinforced
Flame Retarded FR515 Flame Retarded15% Glass-ReinforcedFR530 Flame Retarded30% Glass-ReinforcedFR543 Flame Retarded43% Glass-ReinforcedFR943 Flame Retarded43% Glass/Glass FlakeFR945 Flame Retarded45% Glass/MineralFR946 Flame Retarded46% Glass/Glass Flake
Super Toughened SST35 Stiffened, Super Tough,35% Glass-Reinforced
Toughened 415HP Toughened, 15% Glass-Reinforced
DehumidifyingDryer Conditions Melt (Stock)
Resin Code Description Time/Temp. Temperature*
270290C(520550F)
250260C(480500F)
250260C(480500F)
270290C
(520550F)
270290C(520550F)
280300C(540570F)
280300C(540570F)
Table 4Rynite PET and Rynite PBT Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
250260C(480500F)
250260C(480500F)
250260C(480500F)
Rynite PBT Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
Unreinforced 6125 Heat Stabilized
Toughened 6400 Super Tough
Flame Retardant FR6944 Flame RetardedUL94 V-O
Glass Reinforced 7015 15% Glass Reinforced7030 30% Glass Reinforced
Glass Reinforced, FR7915 15% Glass Reinforced, F lameFlame Retardant Retardant
FR7930 30% Glass Reinforced, FlameRetardant
FR7930F 30% Glass Reinforced, High Flow,Flame Retardant
Resin Grade
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
Hopper Dryer Required
Air Temperature:120135C(250275F)
105C(225F) overnight
Dew Point:18C(0F) or lower
Air Flow Rate:0.81.0 CFM per lb/hr ofresin processed
Drying Time:Virgin resin 23 hrRecycled regrind 34 hrWet resin (See Drying Manual)
270290C
(520550F)
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ResinGrade
Code
Table 4Rynite PET and Rynite PBT Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
Rynite PET Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
530545555
408
935940
FR515FR530FR543FR943FR945FR946
SST35
415HP
Rynite PBT Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
6125
6400
FR6944
70157030
FR7915
FR7930
FR7930F
275300C 265295C 260295C 260290C Moderate(530570F) (510560F) (500560F) (500550F) to Fast
275300C 265295C 260295C 260290C Moderate(530570F) (510560F) (500560F) (500550F) to Fast
260295C 260280C 260280C 260275C Moderate
(500560F) (500540
F) (500540
F) (500530
F) to Fast
260295C 260280C 260280C 260275C Moderate(500560F) (500540F) (500540F) (500530F) to Fast
240260C 240260C 240260C 230250C Moderate(460500F) (460500F) (460500F) (450480F) to Fast
240260C 240260C 240260C 230250C Moderate(460500F) (460500F) (460500F) (450480F) to Fast
240260C 240260
C 240260
C 230250
C Moderate(460500F) (460500F) (460500F) (450480F) to Fast
240260C 240260C 240260C 230250C Moderate(460500F) (460500F) (460500F) (450480F) to Fast
240260C 240260C 240260C 230250C Moderate(460500F) (460500F) (460500F) (450480F) to Fast
260295C 260280C 260280C 260275C Moderate(500560F) (500540F) (500540F) (500530F) to Fast
Nozzle Front Center Rear Fill Speed
Reciprocating Screw Machine*
Typical Cylinder Temperatures
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
260295C 260280C 260280C 260275C Moderate(500560F) (500540F) (500540F) (500530F) to Fast
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SI units. See your salesrepresentative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
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Rynite PET Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
530545555
408
935940
FR515FR530FR543FR943FR945FR946
SST35
415HP
Rynite PBT Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
6125
6400
FR6944
70157030
FR7915
FR7930
FR7930F
Table 4Rynite PET and Rynite PBT Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
Increasing back pressure increases the work done bythe screw on the melt.
This has the following advantages and disadvantages:
Advantages
Increases melt temperature and uniformity.
Can be used to minimize unmelted particles. Improves color mixing when color concentrates are
used.
Disadvantages
Decreases output of screw.
Increases drool (nozzle).
Reduces glass fiber length in glass-reinforced resins,thus changing physical properties (strength/impactresistance).
Increases equipment wear with filled resins.
Scrubs barrel (black specks).
Screw retraction time should be approximately 80% ofthe cool time for opt imum molding.
Slow
Slow
Slow
Slow
Slow
Slow
Slow
Slow
Slow
Slow
Slow
Reciprocating Screw Machine*
ScrewSpeed Back Pressure Injection Pressure
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
ResinGrade
Code
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SI units. See your salesrepresentative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
34124 MPa(5,00018,000 psi)
34124 MPa(5,00018,000 psi)
34124 MPa(5,00018,000 psi)
34124 MPa(5,00018,000 psi)
55124 MPa(8,00018,000 psi)
55124 MPa(8,00018,000 psi)
5595 MPa(8,00014,000 psi)
69124 MPa(10,00018,000 psi)
5595 MPa(8,00014,000 psi)
5595 MPa(8,00014,000 psi)
5595 MPa(8,00014,000 psi)
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Rynite PET Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
530545555
408
935940
FR515FR530FR543FR943FR945FR946
SST35
415HP
Table 4Rynite PET and Rynite PBT Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
Rynite PBT Thermoplastic Polyester Resin
6125
6400
FR6944
70157030
FR7915
FR7930
FR7930F
Mold SurfaceTemperature* Comments
ResinGrade
Code
Part MinimumThickness Temperature
0.75 mm 110C(0.03 in) (230F)
1.5 mm 105C(0.06 in) (220F)
3.1 mm 100C(0.12 in) (210F)
6.3 mm 90C(0.25 in) (190F)
Part MinimumThickness Temperature
0.75 mm 95C
(0.03 in) (205F)1.5 mm 90C
(0.06 in) (195F)
3.1 mm 85C(0.12 in) (185F)
6.3 mm 75C(0.25 in) (165F)
3065C(90150F)
3065C(90150F)
3065C
(90150F)
3065C(90150F)
3065C(90150F)
Proper drying of polyesters is critical, to prevent resin degradation. Moisture content must beless than 0.02% for PET, less than 0.04% for PBT. If degradation should occur because ofexcessive moisture, there will be no evidence on the surfaces of partsthey will just bebrittle.
High surface gloss can be obtained if the mold surface temperature is 93C(200F) or hotter.This hot mold will also give optimum long-term dimensional stability.
To reduce wear, bimetallic barrel liners and screw flight lands of a hard surfacing alloy arerecommended.
Consult molding guide on Rynitefor additional details.
Screw compression ratios are a compromise between melt temperature uniformity and glassfiber length. A range of 3.03.5 has been found to be best.
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SI units. See your salesrepresentative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
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Resin Grade
Resin Code DescriptionMelt
Temperature*
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
DehumidifyingDryer Conditions
Time/Temp.
General Purpose HX1000 Neat ResinAmorphous HX1130 30% Glass
HX1330 30% Talc
High Temperature HX4000 Neat ResinCrystalline HX4100 30% Glass
HX4200 50% GlassHX4330 30% Talc
High Toughness HX6000 Neat ResinCrystalline HX6130 30% Glass
HX6150 50% GlassHX6330 30% Talc
Tough/High HX7000 Neat ResinTemperature HX7130 30% GlassCrystalline HX7150 50% Glass
HX7330 30% Talc
Hopper Dryer Required
Air Temperature:120150C(250300F)
Dew Point:18C(0F) or lower
Air Flow Rate:0.81.0 CFM per lb/hr ofresin processed
Drying Time:Virgin resin 23 hrRecycled regrind 34 hr
330340C(625645F)
340355C(640670F)
345360C(650680F)
355380C(670720F)
Table 5DuPont Liquid Crystal Polymer
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SI
units. See your sales representative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
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Reciprocating Screw Machine*
Typical Cylinder Temperatures
Nozzle Front Center Rear
Fill Screw BackSpeed Speed Pressure
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
Table 5DuPont Liquid Crystal Polymer
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SI
units. See your sales representative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
Resin Grade
Code
340C 335C 330C 325C Very Fast Slow(640F) (635F) (630F) (620F) (
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Reciprocating Screw Machine*
Pressure Holding (Packing) Mold SurfaceInjection Pressure Temperature* Comments
40125 MPa 30100 MPa 80120C(6,00018,000 psi) (4,50014,500 psi) (180250F)
30125 MPa 30100 MPa 80120C(4,50018,000 psi) (4,50014,500 psi) (180250F)
30125 MPa 30100 MPa 80120C(4,50018,000 psi) (4,50014,500 psi) (180250F)
30125 MPa 30100 MPa 80120C(4,50018,000 psi) (4,50014,500 psi) (180250F)
HX1000HX1130HX1330
HX4000HX4100HX4200HX4330
HX6000HX6130HX6150HX6330
HX7000HX7130HX7150HX7330
Typical Injection Molding Conditions for Zytel,Minlon, GRZ, Flame Retarded Nylons, Delrin,
Hytrel, Rynite, and Zenite
Table 5DuPont Liquid Crystal Polymer
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SIunits. See your sales representative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
Resin Grade
Code
Drying is critical, to prevent resindegradation. Moisture content must beless than 0.010%. If degradation shouldoccur because of excessive moisture,there will be no evidence on thesurfaces of parts.
Being a shear-sensitive resin, high fillrates are required to obtain a low meltviscosity for easy filling of long thin wall
sections. This also contributes to theanisotropic propertiesincluding highphysical properties, low thermalexpansion and low mold shrinkage inthe flow direction.
Gate locations should be chosen toavoid weld lines in critical areas.Multiple gates are generally notrecommended.
Zenite has excellent thermal stability. Inorder to minimize any possible effect ofglass breakage, it is recommended thatregrind be limited initially to 25%.
It is not necessary to purge with anotherresin if Zenite is to be molded uponreheating. When switching to or from
another resin, purge with low melt indexhigh-density polyethylene. This shouldbe a continuous purging wheneverbarrel temperatures exceed 315C(600F).
General purpose screws are recom-mended to reduce glass fiber breakage.To reduce wear, bimetallic barrel linersand screw flight lands of a hardsurfacing alloy are recommended.
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18
Typical Extrusion Conditionsfor Zytel, Delrin, and Hytrel
Zytel Nylon Resin
66 Nylon 42 High Viscosity45HSB Heat Stabilized 42Lubricated
612 Nylon 153HSL Heat StabilizedLubricated158L General Purpose159L High Viscosity
350PHS Super ToughPlasticizedHeat Stabilized351PHS Highly Plastic izedHeat Stabil ized
6 Nylon ST811HS FlexibleHeat Stabilized
Modified 91AHS Heat StabilizedLubricatedCopolymers
Delrin Acetal Resin
High Viscosity II150SA High Viscosity100ST Toughened
General Purpose II550SA General Purpose
Hytrel Engineering Thermoplastic Elastomer
Most Flexible G3548W Flexible Grade with Color Stable AntioxidantGrades and 4056 Flexible GradeLowest Melting
HTR8122 Most Flexible GradeG4074 Flexible Grade with High Heat StabilizerG4078W Flexible Grade with Color Stable Antioxidant
Low to Mid-Range 4069 Flexible Grade, High PerformanceFlexural Modulus 4556 Mid-Range Flexibility with High Performance
5556 Mid-Range Flexibility with High Performance5555HS Mid-Range Grade with High Heat Stabilizer
Mid-Range G4774 Mid-Range Grade with High Heat StabilizerFlexibility G5544 Mid-Range Grade with High Heat Stabilizer
6356 Mid-Range with High Performance
High Strength and 7246 High Modulus, High Strength and PerformanceStiffness 8238 High Modulus, High Strength and Performance
Special Grades HTR6108 Mid-Range with Low Permeabil ity to Fuels and Oils
HTR8139LV Mid-Range Flexibility with Excellent Flex FatigueResistance
High Viscosity HTR5612 Mid-Range Grade with High Heat StabilizerGrades HTR5612 BK Mid-Range Grade with High Heat Stabilizer
HTR4275 Mid-Range Grade with High Heat StabilizerHTR4275 BK Mid-Range Grade with High Heat Stabilizer
HTR8177 High Modulus, High Strength
Resin Grade
Resin Code Description
Table 6Zytel, Delrin, Hytrel
DehumidifyingDryer Conditions
Time/Temp.
Zytel must be dry prior to processing.
Virgin resin is packaged dry in moisture-proof boxes andbags. Predrying may not be necessary in noncriticalapplications.
Drying in dehumidified hopper driers is recommended(80C[175F] for 2 hr). Regrind or material from openedbags will require longer times.
Consult the Zytel Molding Manual for more detailedinformation.
Delrin does not usually require drying before processing.However, Delrin 100ST must be dried (24 hr at 80C[175F]).
Hytrel must be dry prior to extrusion.
Virgin resin is packaged in moisture-proof bags. Toensure dryness, resin should be dried in dehumidifying
driers a minimum of 2 hr at 105C(220F). Consult Rheology and Handling bulletin on Hytrel for
more information.
*The processing conditions presented here are representative of those typically used or preferred. Rounded numbers are shown for both English and SIunits. See your sales representative to obtain maximum part quality on any specific job.
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Typical Extrusion Conditionsfor Zytel, Delrin, and Hytrel
Typical Extruder Temperatures*
Center CenterRear Rear Front Front Head Die Melt Comments
Zytel Nylon Resin
290C 280C 280C 275C 275C 275C 290C(550F) (540F) (540F) (530F) (530F) (530F) (550F)
240C 240C 230C 230C 230C 230C 230C(460F) (460F) (450F) (450F) (450F) (450F) (450F)
230C 225C 220C 220C 220C 220C 220C(450F) (440F) (430F) (430F) (430F) (430F) (430F)
240C 240C 230C 230C 230C 230C 230C
(460F) (460
F) (450
F) (450
F) (450
F) (450
F) (450
F)
240C 240C 230C 230C 230C 230C 230C(460F) (460F) (450F) (450F) (450F) (450F) (450F)
205C 205C 200C 200C 200C 205C 210C(400F) (400F) (390F) (390F) (390F) (400F) (410F)
180C 180C 180C 180C 180C 180C 180C(355F) (355F) (355F) (355F) (355F) (355F) (355F)
195C 195C 195C 195C 195C 195C 195C(385F) (385F) (385F) (385F) (385F) (385F) (385F)
220C 220C 220C 220C 220C 220C 220C(430F) (430F) (430F) (430F) (430F) (430F) (430F)
225C 225C 225C 225C 225C 225C 225C(435F) (435F) (435F) (435F) (435F) (435F) (435F)
230C 230C 230C 230C 230C 230C 230C(445F) (445F) (445F) (445F) (445F) (445F) (445F)
240C 240C 240C 240C 240C 240C 240C(465F) (465F) (465F) (465F) (465F) (465F) (465F)
195C 195C 195C 195C 195C 195C 195C(385F) (385F) (385F) (385F) (385F) (385F) (385F)
220C 220C 220C 220C 220C 220C 220C(430F) (430F) (430F) (430F) (430F) (430F) (430F)
225C 225C 225C 225C 225C 225C 225C(435F) (435F) (435F) (435F) (435F) (435F) (435F)
240C 240C 240C 240C 240C 240C 240C(465F) (465F) (465F) (465F) (465F) (465F) (465F)
Table 6Zytel, Delrin, Hytrel
Zytel, Hytrel and Delrin tubing may be sizedusing common commercial methods employedwith other resins.
An extruder with an L/D ratio of at least 24/1is recommended.
It is recommended that the barrel beequipped with at least four heat controlzones.
Do not use undercut feed throats. Properly designed single-stage metering
screws are adequate. For high output a
barrier screw is preferred. A breaker plate of streamlined design is
suggested for supporting a screen pack oftwo 60 mesh and two 80 mesh screens.
The extruder head and adaptor must bestreamlined.
The die and mandrel design for a vacuumsizing process should have:
1. A ratio of die I.D./sizing plate I.D. of atleast 2/1 for small diameter tubing.
2. The annulus opening should be approxi-mately twice the tube wall thickness.
3. A minimum straight land length of 35 mmis recommended for both the mandreland die at the exit.
Use a drawdown ratio of 4/1 to 10/1 for free
extrusion. (The drawdown ratio is the crosssectional area of the die annulus divided by thecross sectional area of the tube.)
Delrin Acetal Resin
Hytrel Engineering Thermoplastic Elastomer
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DuPont Engineering Polymers226941B Printed in U.S.A.
R d N H 41525 (R 95 1)
For more informationon Engineering Polymers:
For Automotive Inquiries:
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(708) 735-2720
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U.S.A.
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(302) 999-4592
WEST
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The data listed here fall within the normal range of properties but they should not be used to establish specification limits nor used alone as the basis ofdesign. The DuPont Company assumes no obligations or liability for any advice furnished or for any results obtained with respect to this information.All such advice is given and accepted at the buyers risk. The disclosure of information herein is not a license to operate under, or a recommendation toinfringe, any patent of DuPont or others. DuPont warrants that the use or sale of any material which is described herein and is offered for sale by DuPontdoes not infringe any patent covering the material itself, but does not warrant against infringement by reason of the use thereof in combination with othermaterials or in the operation of any process.
CAUTION:Do not use in medical applications involving permanent implantation in the human body. For other medical applications, see DuPontMedical Caution Statement, H-50102.
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