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  • Reference Frame in Practice Workshop 1A - FIG · 2013. 9. 25. · Reference Frame in Practice Workshop 1A The Development of the Papua New Guinea Geodetic Datum 1994 (PNG94) FIG Commission
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Reference Frame in Practice Workshop 1A The Development of the Papua New Guinea Geodetic Datum 1994 (PNG94) FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific Richard Stanaway (UNSW) and Robert Rosa (PNG Unitech)

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  • Reference Frame in PracticeWorkshop 1A

    The Development of the Papua New Guinea Geodetic Datum 1994

    (PNG94)

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    Richard Stanaway (UNSW) and Robert Rosa (PNG Unitech)

  • What is PNG94?

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    Geocentric Datum – ITRF92 realised by 14 fiducial stations computed at epoch 1994.0 (1st January 1994) –same realisation as GDA94 in Australia

    Reference Ellipsoid: GRS80Map Projection: Papua New Guinea Map Grid 1994

    (PNGMG94)Zones 54, 55 and 56

    Projection type: Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)Southern Hemisphere

  • PNG94 Fiducial Network

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

  • FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

  • FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    GPS Campaign 1992

  • GPS Campaign 1993

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

  • Tide Gauge GPS Connections

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

  • PNG94 Fiducial Network Computation

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    GAMIT/GLOBK Software used (Peter Morgan at U Canberra)to compute ITRF92 coordinates at epoch of measurement

    ITRF92 coordinates of global IGS network used to compute orbits

    Coarse site velocity model (from two year timeseries) used to compute coordinates at epoch 1994.0 (PNG94 and GDA94)

    Formal Uncertainty of coordinates 10 cm at 1σ

  • PNG94 Secondary and Tertiary Networks

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    1999 adjustment: Prof. John Allman, Jan van der Kevie and Robert Rosa

    Doppler and Terrestrial Observations and additional GPS measurements were combined in a block adjustment over PNG constrained by coordinates of the PNG94 fiducial network(using NEWGAN and Ashtech PRISM software)-Primary Network of ~ 900 stations~ 400 with positional uncertainties (PU) of < 0.25 mRemainder with PU up to 10 metres!

  • PNG Geoid Model 1994

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    Developed by Prof. Bill Kearsley (UNSW) using limited gravity data and tide gauge connections.

    Zero order term of 0.94 m applied to align gravimetric geoid with MSL.

    Uncertainties of 2 m in some areas (e.g. Lae) but usually < 0.5 m

    MS-DOS executable program to extract N values

  • Problems with PNG94

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    Static Datum in a very complex tectonic environment – regular large earthquakes(cannot measure baselines across plate boundaries)

    Cannot transform current ITRF to PNG94 with any precision without a suitable transformation strategy

  • Geodynamics studies in PNG

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    GPS campaigns to monitor plate tectonics in PNG:

    UNSW and NMB (1990-1994)RPI and UCSC (USA)UniTECH and RVO(1993-2001)

    ANU (RSES Geodynamics)(1996-2008)

    Resulting in improved plate model and site velocity for PNG –Uncertainty of coordinates now 15 mm at 1σ

  • Recomputation of PNG94

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    Quickclose in conjunction with PNG OSG geodetic section have re-computed and densifiedthe PNG94 network to improve uncertaintiesImplemented a semi-dynamic datum(deformation model using estimated site velocities and known coseismic offsets) to enable ITRF and WGS84 coordinates to be propagated to epoch 1994.0

  • Current PNG94 zero and first order network

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

  • New PNG08 quasigeoid model

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    Based on EGM2008and fitted to observed MSL at TG around PNG2.5’ grid of N values

    Precision 0.2 m 1σ

    ASCII, Leica, Topcon and Trimble formats for use in GNSS

  • PNG94 access on internet

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    ASPNG web-sitehttp://www.aspng.org

    Coordinates lists

    Station diagrams coming soon but many available athttp://rses.anu.edu.au/geodynamics/gps/png/site_info/sitelogs.html

    http://www.aspng.org/�http://rses.anu.edu.au/geodynamics/gps/png/site_info/sitelogs.html�http://rses.anu.edu.au/geodynamics/gps/png/site_info/sitelogs.html�http://rses.anu.edu.au/geodynamics/gps/png/site_info/sitelogs.html�

  • Improved AGD66(PNG) to PNG94 transformation Model

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    GNSS observations on legacy datum AGD66 primary survey control will enable better transformation parameters to be estimated.

    Unfortunately many primary control stations are on remote mountain peaks and are very costly to access / limited utility – so reliance on second and third order control in towns to estimate parameters.

    Complicated by overlapping and inconsistent realisations of AGD66 as well as tectonic deformation between 1970-1994

  • IGS Contributions – LAE1 GNSS CORS

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    LAE1 in operation since 1998 and on IGS network since 2001 – Run by Surveying Dept at PNG Uni of Technology (Unitech)

    An important IGS Reference Frame station and used for ITRF

    Problems in recent years with software incompatibility with new Windows software and with internet and power outages as well as lack of funding.

  • APREF Contributions – NMB2 GNSS CORS

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    Some success!

    PNG Government funded CORS station at NMB NMB2 in Port Moresby – October 2011

    On APREF network and collocated with DORIS beaconMORB on IDS network

  • Contributions to SPSLCMP

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    SEAFRAME Tide Gauge and CORS at Manus IslandManaged by GeoscienceAustralia

  • Impediments to applied geodesy in PNG

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    Insufficient funding from national government to fund geodetic infrastructure. Situation has improved however as there was no funding between 2001 and 2011.Severe shortage of geodesy staff within Office of Surveyor-General (OSG) – salaries not competitive with private sectorInternational contractors and consultants not connecting their surveys to PNG94 and established height datum.adhoc realisation of ITRF and WGS84 leading to inconsistent spatial data and DEM on major projects (by not connecting toPNG94). Increase in “private” and overlapping geodetic networks.Vandalism of geodetic infrastructure by raskols and landownersInadvertent destruction of geodetic control by constructionUnreliable power supply and internet for active CORS operationLack of robust transformation parameters between AGD66 and PNG94 leading to 8 metre errors in GIS data (default parameters are often used)

  • Planned improvements to PNG’s datum

    FIG Commission 5 Position and Measurement United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management – Asia Pacific

    Airports survey planned for 2013-2014. GNSS survey of 300+ airstrips in PNG – a major densification of the datum. A really good example of cooperation between government departments (Civil Aviation – PNGASL/NAC and Department of Lands)Repeat GNSS observations on all geodynamics stations concurrent with airports survey will provide sufficient data for precise site velocity model in PNG (Direct input from scientific studies into the datum)Gridded velocity and sesimic patch model for PNG, to enable PPP and Auspos solutions to be propagated to epoch 1994.0 and to facilitate GNSS post-processing within ITRF using input PNG94 coordinatesConstruction of CORS at each major provincial capital to support local GNSS surveys and DCDB updates.

    10Q tru!

    Reference Frame in Practice�Workshop 1AWhat is PNG94?PNG94 Fiducial NetworkSlide Number 4GPS Campaign 1992GPS Campaign 1993Tide Gauge GPS ConnectionsPNG94 Fiducial Network ComputationPNG94 Secondary and Tertiary NetworksPNG Geoid Model 1994Problems with PNG94Geodynamics studies in PNGRecomputation of PNG94Current PNG94 zero and first order networkNew PNG08 quasigeoid modelPNG94 access on internetImproved AGD66(PNG) to PNG94 transformation ModelIGS Contributions – LAE1 GNSS CORSAPREF Contributions – NMB2 GNSS CORSContributions to SPSLCMPImpediments to applied geodesy in PNGPlanned improvements to PNG’s datum


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