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D R A F T

RCRA FACILITY INVESTIGATION DATA SUMMARY AND FINDINGS REPORT

BOEING RFI SUBAREA 1A CENTRAL SANTA SUSANA FIELD LABORATORY, VENTURA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

Prepared For:

THE BOEING COMPANY

Prepared By:

MWH 300 North Lake Avenue, Suite 400 Pasadena, CA 91101

July 2015

___________________________________ Dixie Hambrick, P.G. 5487 Program Director

___________________________________ Benjamin Stewart, P.G. 8012 Project Manager

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Boeing RFI Subarea 1A Central Data Summary and Findings Report July 2015

ES-1 ES-

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This Data Summary and Findings Report (DSFR) was prepared for The Boeing Company (Boeing) to present the findings and recommendations of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Facility Investigation (RFI) for the 1A Central Subarea at the Santa Susana Field Laboratory (SSFL) in Ventura County, California. This Boeing RFI Subarea 1A Central DSFR (1A Central DSFR) presents the RFI results and recommendations for Corrective Measures Study (CMS) evaluation and No Further Action (NFA) for all media within this subarea. Data and information evaluated at the subarea scale, such as the vapor intrusion evaluation and data usability assessment, are also presented in this report.

Individual DSFRs for RFI sites and for areas unaffiliated with RFI sites (unaffiliated areas) accompany this 1A Central DSFR. These include DSFRs for the Advanced Propulsion Test Facility (APTF) RFI Site, the Building 1359 (B359) RFI Site, the Happy Valley North (HVN) RFI Site, and 1A Central Unaffiliated Areas. The individual DSFRs present data and information evaluated at the RFI site-scale to assess sources, nature and extent, and transport and fate of contamination, and to assess potential risks to human health and the environment. The RFI site DSFRs also provide information on site-specific evaluations, such as air dispersion modeling results, evaluation of vadose zone contaminant transport to groundwater, groundwater source zone evaluation, and associated groundwater plume characterization.

RFI characterization has been conducted at Boeing RFI Subarea 1A Central RFI sites in accordance with California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) approved work plans since 1996. Most recently, data gap analysis and investigation was performed for all media following the DTSC-approved Master Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Facility Investigation Data Gap Work Plan (Master RFI Data Gap Work Plan; CH2M HILL, 2013a) and the Comprehensive Data Quality Objectives Report, RCRA Facility Investigation (DQO Report; CH2M HILL, 2013b). Master RFI Data Gap Work Plan Addenda for each 1A Central RFI site and unaffiliated areas identified data gaps to complete characterization for nature and extent, transport and fate, risk assessment, and groundwater modeling requirements. Iterative evaluations of the data using the media-specific data quality objectives were performed, and subsequent data gaps identified where necessary. This iterative process was continued until characterization was deemed complete for each RFI site and the unaffiliated areas. The public was given the opportunity to provide input on this process during work plan-specific and other routine public meetings conducted at the SSFL during 2013 and 2014.

A comprehensive review process was performed to identify areas of known, suspected, or potential chemical use, storage, handling, or disposal; these areas were identified as chemical use areas (CUAs) or potential chemical use areas (PCUAs). CUAs and PCUAs were investigated for potential contamination. If sampling results at PCUAs exceeded screening levels, they were

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identified as CUAs, or added to an existing CUA1. CUAs were combined into CUA clusters, based on similarities in operational history, geographic proximity, lithologic features, analytical data, previous CMS recommendations, and documented dense nonaqueous phase liquid release locations. CUA clusters were evaluated and investigated following the Master RFI Data Gap Work Plan and DQO Report characterization guidelines (CH2M HILL, 2013a, 2013b), as specified in the DTSC-approved work plans.

The CUA clusters were carried forward to media-specific DQO evaluations for surface water bodies (if present), soil and sediment, the vadose zone (soil and unweathered bedrock), and groundwater and seeps as specified in the DQO Report. In addition to the media-specific evaluations, various assessments and other evaluations were performed including: data usability assessments, air dispersion modeling, vapor intrusion pathway evaluations, sewer and reclaimed water system assessments, groundwater flow and contaminant transport modeling, and human health and ecological risk assessments (HHERAs).

The recommended CMS areas in Boeing RFI Subarea 1A Central are presented in Table ES-1 and shown on Figure ES-1. For each RFI site, Table ES-1 also provides a short description of: historical use; estimated risks and hazards; associated risk drivers identified during the HHERAs; and the results of vadose zone and groundwater plume evaluations. Although the most likely future use of the SSFL will be for recreational purposes, risk assessment CMS recommendations are based on the hypothetical future suburban resident exposure scenario to provide conservative estimates for CMS planning. In addition, CMS recommendations for ecological risks are based on small home-range receptors (e.g., deer mouse) using the high ecological risk-based screening level. Potential risks to large home-range receptors (e.g., mule deer), will be evaluated on a subarea- and facility-wide basis, and presented in a forthcoming Large Home-Range Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) Report.

Based on the comprehensive characterization and subsequent risk assessments performed using the Subarea 1A Central RFI data, a total of 26 soil CMS areas and 6 soil vapor CMS areas have been identified to address estimated potential risks above DTSC risk threshold values for the hypothetical future suburban resident and small home-range ecological receptors (CMS areas recommended based on the hypothetical future resident are more conservative, so they are also protective of the future recreator). Based on vadose zone to groundwater modeling evaluations, 12 CMS areas and 43 CMS locations (based on individual sample locations) have been identified to address potential chemical migration from the vadose zone to groundwater. Assessment of soil beneath a subsurface, mastic-wrapped pipeline at the B359 RFI Site to determine the need of corrective measures is also recommended once that pipeline is removed during future remediation activities. Recommended soil, soil vapor, and vadose zone CMS areas cover 1 For one PCUA at the Building 359 RFI Site, soil sampling beneath one segment of a subsurface, mastic-wrapped pipeline cannot be performed until the pipeline is removed. This segment of the pipeline is partially within two soil CMS areas, and as such, will be assessed by screening level samples to determine if corrective measures are needed when this pipeline is removed during future remediation activities.

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approximately 5 acres in Boeing RFI Subarea 1A Central and are driven by: volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), total petroleum hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, dioxins/furans, energetics, and select inorganics and metals.

In addition, much of the groundwater present within Boeing RFI Subarea 1A Central is recommended for CMS based on the results of risk assessment and groundwater flow and contaminant transport modeling. A total of 20 specific chemicals of concern in groundwater have been identified for CMS evaluation. Figure ES-1 displays the estimated extent of TCE in groundwater above the groundwater characterization level to represent the approximate extent of chemicals recommended for CMS in groundwater; as noted above and presented in Table ES-1, groundwater CMS recommendations are chemical specific. VOCs (primarily trichloroethene [TCE] and associated daughter products) are the predominant chemicals of concern in groundwater, with other chlorinated solvents, perchlorate, n-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, hydrazine, 1,4-dioxane, dioxins/furans, and select metals and inorganics also recommended for CMS evaluation.

The soil, soil vapor, and vadose zone CMS areas and locations, and chemicals of concern in groundwater recommended in this 1A Central DSFR, will be evaluated further for corrective action in the forthcoming CMS Reports.

The portions of Boeing RFI Subarea 1A Central outside of soil, soil vapor, and vadose zone bedrock CMS areas (presented on Figure ES-1) are recommended for NFA. Based on the results of the comprehensive review process, characterization data, transport and fate evaluations, and risk assessments, environmental media in the areas recommended for NFA are safe for their intended future use, do not pose unacceptable risks or hazards to current ecological receptors or future recreators or hypothetical suburban residents, and do not result in degradation of groundwater quality.

CMS and NFA recommendations for soil and soil vapor presented in this DSFR will be re-evaluated after completion of the Large Home-Range ERA and removal of the mastic-wrapped pipeline at the B359 RFI Site. Although it is possible that a few additional areas will be recommended for CMS based on these assessments, the findings in this 1A Central DSFR can confidently be carried into the CMS for future corrective action planning.

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Table ES-1 Summary of RFI Findings and CMS/NFA Recommendations for Boeing RFI Subarea 1A Central RCRA Facility Investigation, Data Summary and Findings Report, Boeing RFI Subarea 1A Central

Page 1 of 4

Area Site Use Description

Risk Assessment Summary Groundwater Protection

/ Plume Extent Evaluation Summary

Recommended

CMS Areas and Locations

Average Soil Depth

(feet bgs) Chemicals Driving CMS

Recommendation

Groundwater Chemicals and Radionuclides Recommended

for CMS Evaluation Human Health Risks /

Risk Drivers1 Ecological Risks / Risk

Drivers2

RFI Site

Advanced Propulsion Test Facility (APTF)

The APTF RFI Site was used for research and development programs, including testing components used in liquid-fueled rocket engines, propellant research, and advanced laser research and testing from 1953 to 2005. It includes three RCRA solid waste management units: the APTF test area, and two former surface water impoundments, APTF-1 and APTF-2. Between 1985 and 1996, APTF wastewater was treated in a 1,000-gallon ozonator tank which was identified as an RCRA Area of Concern. Surface impoundments APTF-1 and APTF-2 have been excavated, backfilled, and capped; they have been closed by DTSC and are monitored as required in a Post-Closure Permit. Site operations at the APTF RFI Site were conducted at test stands located in four aboveground test pits (Buildings 1342, 1786, 1764 and 1767). Buildings 1370 and 1446 were constructed in the 1980s to support advanced laser research and testing programs. Other structures associated with the testing operations included a control center, (Building 1314), machine shops (Buildings 1338 and 1446), administrative office (Building 1383), storage (Building 1370), and over 150 aboveground storage tanks that contained water, fuels, oxidizers, and other chemicals used in testing operations.

Hypothetical Future Suburban Resident:

Soil:

Total incremental ELCR = 1 X 10-5

HI = 2

Risk drivers = Dioxins/furans (2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ), Aroclor 1254, Aroclor 1260

No additional chemicals were identified based on hot spot evaluation.

Soil Vapor:

Total ELCR = 9 X 10-5

HI = 30

Risk driver = TCE

Risk contributor = Ethylbenzene

Future Recreator:

Soil:


HI = 0.6

Risk driver = Aroclor 1254

Risk contributors = Aroclor 1260, dioxins/furans (2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ)

Soil:

HQ = 16 (maximum for hermit thrush)

Risk drivers = Cadmium, copper, Aroclor 1254, Aroclor 1260, heptachlor epoxide, dioxins/furans (2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ_mammal)


Soil Vapor:

All HQ <1

No soil vapor CPEC had an HQ greater than 1

.

Vadose Zone Mass Flux to Groundwater: 1,1,1-TCA, methylene chloride, PCE, trans-1,2-DCE, formaldehyde, NDMA, KRO, DRO, MCPP, beta-BHC

APTF-CMS-SV1 6 TCE TCE and its daughter products (1,1-DCE, cis-1,2-DCE, and

trans-1,2-DCE and vinyl chloride), NDMA, perchlorate,

selenium, and fluoride

APTF-CMS-S1 3 Cadmium, Aroclor 1254,

Aroclor 1260

APTF-CMS-S2 2 Cadmium

APTF-CMS-S3 2 Aroclor 1254, Aroclor 1260

APTF-CMS-S4 5 Cadmium, Aroclor 1254,

Aroclor 1260

APTF-CMS-S5 3 Cadmium, copper, Aroclor 1254, Aroclor 1260

APTF-CMS-S6 2 Dioxins/furans (2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ for hypothetical suburban

resident and mammal)

APTF-CMS-S7 3 Aroclor 1254, heptachlor epoxide

APTF-CMS-S8 2 Dioxins/furans (2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ for hypothetical suburban

resident and mammal)

APTF-CMS-VZ1 N/A TCE, 1,1-DCE, cis-1,2- DCE, trans-1,2-DCE, methylene chloride,

PCE, formaldehyde, perchlorate, KRO, beta-BHC

APTF-CMS-VZ2 N/A TCE

APTF-CMS-VZ3 N/A Perchlorate

APTF-CMS-VZ4 N/A Methylene chloride, formaldehyde

APTF-CMS-VZ5 N/A Methylene chloride

APTF-CMS-VZ6 N/A Methylene chloride, formaldehyde, perchlorate

AFSV13 N/A cis-1,2-DCE

AFSV0047 N/A TCE

AFBS0114, AFBS0127, AFBS0129

N/A Methylene chloride

AFBS03, APTF-CH-13 N/A Formaldehyde

AFBS1002, AFBS1012 N/A NDMA

AFBS1022, BSBK12 N/A Perchlorate

AFBS1008, AFBS1089 N/A DRO

AFBS0119 N/A MCPP

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Recommended


Average Soil Depth


Recommendation




Drivers2

RFI Site

Building 1359 (B359)

The B359 RFI Site was used to store and test energetics and propellants from the early 1950s to the early 1990s. It includes three RCRA Areas of Concern: the Building 1359 Leach Field and Sump, the Building 1741 Leach Field, and the Building 1376 Leach Field. Testing of energetic materials was conducted primarily at the High Energy Solids Lab (Building 1359), which housed four test cells. The Propellant Physical Property Testing Building (Building 1325) was used for perchlorate milling and mixing with other compounds for rocket propellant development. The B359 RFI Site also encompassed the former North American Kindelburger Atwood area (Buildings 1325, 1328, 1741, and 1997), the Neptune Test Area/Potassium Loop Facility (Building 1790), and various support buildings. Other structures at the B359 RFI Site included the Ignitor Curing Building (Building 1328), Lower Research Auxiliary Workshop (Building 1353), Photo Elastic Lab (Building 1354), Oxidizer Preparation Building (Building 1376), Hydrogen Peroxide Storage-Gas Flow Facility (Building 1373), and numerous chemical, ignitor, and ordnance storage facilities.


Soil:


HI = 2

Risk drivers = Aroclor 1254, Aroclor 1260

Risk contributors = Benzo(a)pyrene, dioxins/furans (2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ)

No hot spot chemicals were identified based on hot spot evaluation.

Soil Vapor:


HI = 0.8

Risk driver = TCE

Future Recreator:

Soil:


HI = 0.2

No risk drivers were identified for the future recreator

Soil:

HQ = 1.2 (maximum for hermit thrush)

Risk driver = silver

Barium was identified as a hot spot chemical based on hot spot analysis.

Soil Vapor:

All HQ < 1


Vadose Zone Mass Flux to Groundwater:

1-Methyl naphthalene, naphthalene, nitrate-N, nitrate-NO, nitrobenzene, HMX, formaldehyde, and perchlorate

B359-CMS-SV1 10 TCE TCE, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, perchlorate, arsenic

B359-CMS-SV2 10 TCE

B359-CMS-SV3 10 TCE

B359-CMS-S1 6 Aroclor 1254

B359-CMS-S2 4 Barium, silver

B359-CMS-S3 3 Aroclor 1254

B359-CMS-S4 4 Dioxins/furans (2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ for hypothetical suburban

resident)

B359-CMS-S5 4 Benzo(a)pyrene

B359-CMS-S6 3 3 Dioxins/furans (2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ for hypothetical suburban

resident), Aroclor 1254, Aroclor 1260



B359-CMS-S9 3 3 Aroclor 1254, Aroclor 1260

B359-CMS-VZ1 N/A TCE, nitrobenzene, 1-methyl naphthalene, naphthalene, GRO,

perchlorate, nitrate-N, nitrate-NO3

B359-CMS-VZ2, B359-CMS-VZ3

N/A Perchlorate

B359-CMS-VZ4 N/A Nitrate-N

BSSV0021, ILSV23 N/A TCE

BSBS0102 N/A Formaldehyde

BSBK51 N/A HMX

BSBS0153 N/A MCPP

BSBK0055, BSBK0056, BSBK48, BSBS0137,

BSBS50, BSBS75, BSLS75

N/A Perchlorate

BSBR13, BSBR23, BSBR88, BSBR90,

BSBR91

N/A Nitrate-N

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Recommended


Average Soil Depth


Recommendation




Drivers2

RFI Site

Happy Valley North (HVN)

The HVN RFI Site was used to test energetic and propellants from the early-1950s to the mid-1990s, and includes a single RCRA Area of Concern: the Former Building 1315 Area and Former Building 1316/Tunnel Facility Area. Experiments involving energetics compounds and detonators were conducted at the Chemistry Lab (Building 1315), the adjacent test cells, and the detonation and energetics sumps southwest of the building. The Tunnel Facility (Building 1776) and the associated Control Center (Building 1316) with its test cells were used to test rocket and gun propellants. Other structures associated with HVN site operations included: the Instrumentation/Mechanics Shops, an incinerator, chemistry lab workshops, the Peroxide Catalyst Production building, the High Altitude Test Chamber, cooling towers, and several small storage and support buildings.


Soil:


HI = 1

Risk drivers = Arsenic and 1,4-dichlorobenzene


Soil Vapor:


HI = 4

Risk driver = TCE

Future Recreator:

Soil:


HI = 0.2

Risk driver = arsenic

Soil:

HQ = 4.5 (maximum for deer mouse)

Risk drivers = 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene


Soil Vapor:

All HQ < 1


Vadose Zone Mass Flux to Groundwater:

1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, formaldehyde, nitrate-N

HVN-CMS-SV1 10 TCE 1,1-DCE, cis-1,2-DCE, TCE, perchlorate

HVN-CMS-SV2 10 TCE

HVN-CMS-S1 4 Arsenic





HVN-CMS-S6 8 1,2-dichlorobenzene and 1,4-dichlorobenzene




HVN-CMS-VZ1 N/A 1,2- dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene,

1,4-dichlorobenzene, TCE, perchlorate

HVN-CMS-VZ2 N/A Perchlorate, nitrate

HVBS18 N/A 1,2-dichlorobenzene

HNBS0013, HNBS0102, HNBS0108, HNBS0111, HNBS0112, HNBS0113, HNBS0115, HNBS0116

N/A Perchlorate

HNBS0002, HNBS0009 N/A Formaldehyde

HNBS0010 N/A TCE

Subarea-Scale

Areas Unaffiliated with RFI Sites

No chemical use areas have been identified within the Unaffiliated Areas.

Human health risks were not calculated, as no chemical use areas have been identified.

Ecological risks were not calculated, as no chemical use areas have been identified.

Impacts to groundwater from SSFL‐related operations were not evaluated, as no chemical use areas have been identified.

None N/A None None

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Recommended


Average Soil Depth


Recommendation




Drivers2

Subarea-Scale

Hypothetical Future Domestic Use of Groundwater in Boeing RFI Subarea 1A Central

Groundwater (Hypothetical Future Domestic Use of Groundwater): Total ELCR for chemicals = 2 x 10-2

HI = 2,000

Risk drivers = TCE, NDMA, hydrazine, 1,1,2-TCA, 1,2,3-trichloropropane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, methylene chloride, PCE, 1,4-dioxane, dioxins/furans (2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ), perchlorate, and cis-1,2-DCE

Total ELCR for radionuclides = 6 x 10-4

Risk driver = radium-226 4

TCE, NDMA, hydrazine, 1,1,2-TCA, 1,2,3-trichloropropane,

carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, methylene

chloride, PCE, 1,4-dioxane, perchlorate, cis-1,2-DCE, and dioxins/furans (2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ for hypothetical suburban

resident)

Notes:

1 Human health risk drivers are those chemicals with an incremental lifetime cancer risk/noncancer hazard, or a site lifetime cancer risk/noncancer hazard for chemicals without background values, greater than 1 x 10-6 or 1, respectively, for the hypothetical future suburban resident or future recreator. Other chemicals listed include risk contributors that have major contribution to a total incremental lifetime cancer risk or HI greater than 1 x 10-6 and 1, respectively, or were flagged as a hot spot chemical during the "hot spot" human health risk evaluation.

2 Ecological risk drivers are detected chemicals that present an incremental HQ greater than 1 based on high ecological risk-based screening levels or as noted in the site ecological risk assessments. Chemicals flagged as a hot spot chemical during the "hot spot" ecological risk evaluation are also listed. The HQ and receptor listed are for the maximum hazard values exclusive of hazard estimates based on extrapolated concentrations or non-detect results.

3 These CMS areas include a segment of a subsurface mastic-wrapped pipeline that could not be sampled during the RFI. This pipeline will be removed and underlying soil assessed for corrective measures during future remediation activities.

4 Radium-226 in groundwater is not identified as a radionuclide of concern (ROC) or recommended for CMS evaluation, since multiple lines of evidence suggest this result is not representative of site conditions. Moreover, radium-226 was not detected during two other recent sampling events (See Appendix C for more details)

Acronyms: APTF = Advanced Propulsion Test Facility B359 = Building 359 RFI Site bgs = below ground surface BHC = benzene hexachloride CMS = Corrective Measure Study CPEC = chemical of potential ecological concern DCE = dichloroethene DRO = diesel-range organics EcoRBSL = ecological risk-based screening level

ELCR = excess lifetime cancer risk GRO = gasoline-range organics HI = Hazard Index HQ = hazard quotient HVN – Happy Valley North RFI Site KRO = kerosene-range organics MCPA = 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid MCPP = methylchlorophenoxypropionic acid N/A = not applicable

NDMA = N-Nitrosodimethylamine PCB = polychlorinated biphenyl PCE = tetrachloroethene RCRA = Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RFI = RCRA Facility Investigation SV = soil vapor VZ = vadose zone TCA = trichloroethane TCE = trichloroethene

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