Northern Quezon College Inc.

Raiza jane J. EranistaBSBA HRDM 4B

1.DEFINE THEORY X and THEORY YDouglas McGregor (1906 - 1964) is one of the forefathers of management theory and one of the top business thinkers of all time. He was a social psychologist who became the President of Antioch College. He later became a professor of management at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (he was succeeded by Warren Bennis). His bookThe Human Side of Enterprise(1960) had a profound influence on the management field, largely due to his Theory X and Theory Y.McGregor developed a philosophical view of humankind with his Theory X and Theory Y in 1960. His work is based upon Maslow'sHierarchy of Needs, in that he grouped the hierarchy into lower-order needs (Theory X) and higher-order needs (Theory Y). He suggested that management could use either set of needs to motivate employees, but better results would be gained by the use of Theory Y, rather than Theory X.

Theory X

Theory X considers that on the whole, workers dislike their work, and have little inherent motivation to perform well. Therefore, if organizational goals are to be met, 'Theory X' managers must rely heavily on detailed rules and instructions, on close monitoring, and on the threat of punishment to gain employee compliance. When practiced, this theory can lead to mistrust, highly restrictive supervision and a punitive atmosphere. The 'Theory X' manager believes that all actions should be traced and the responsible individual given a direct reward or a reprimand according to the action's outcomes. This managerial style is more effective when used to motivate a workforce that is not inherently motivated to perform. It is usually exercised in professions where promotion is infrequent, unlikely or even impossible and where workers perform repetitive tasks. A flaw of this management style is that it limits the employee's potential and discourages creative thinking.

Theory Y

Theory Y, in contrast, is based on the belief that, given appropriate working conditions, most people perform well. The worker is considered as the most important asset of the company. It is believed that workers can derive satisfaction from their physical and mental work, viewing it as a game or as something to be enjoyed. Workers can take responsibility and can solve problems in a creative way, so that they do not need to be shadowed constantly; workers will commit to objectives in proportion to the satisfaction they get from achieving them. Thus, Theory Y managers consider that to achieve the objectives of the company, they must treat each worker as a mature and responsible individual, and adopt a style of participatory, democratic leadership, based on self-direction and self-control and requiring little external control.

2. WHAT ARE THE QUALITIES OF FILIPINO WORKERS? (OFW).Filipino workers are considered to be at par best if not the best compared with other workers in the world. They are resourceful, resilient, persistent and consistent. They are persevering and will do what it takes just to earn a decent income for their respective family back home. Most of them speak English very well, and can work under pressure and in a team. Below are the attributes of Filipinos on their own language which is Filipino and why they excel in adapting to their environment and at the same time whip up satisfactory outcomes. There are also some of not so good attitudes, but still Filipinos are very good in dealing with other people overall.

All around the world, Filipinos are known for their hospitality as well as cheerful and positive attitude towards life. Thus, many employers from other countries prefer Filipinos for their jobvacancybecause they believe that Filipinos are not justgreat peoplebut excellent workers as well.

The Filipinos are fastlearnerin nature. Their strategic attitude and resourcefulness allow them to easily adapt to new environment and adjust to any type of work and pressure. Their commitment with their work is not just limited to showing good ethics and meeting deadlines as they continue to spend more time in learning other things, too. They don't easily give up but rather they become more flexible in order to fit in the environment they belong to.

Aside from their flexibility, Filipino workers are also known for their dedication and honesty. Most of them are trusted by big companies not just in the Philippines but virtually all around the world. As amatterof fact, they are more preferred by foreign employers when it comes to handling classified and delicate issues of the company.

3. WHO IS THE NEW MODERN FILIPINO?GERRY ORTEGAThe late environmental activist, journalist, and politician Gerry Ortega DVM was assassinated on January 24, 2011 reportedly due to his anti-mining advocacy in Palawan. The vocal veterinarian, who campaigned for crocodile farming in 1988 for Puerto Princesa, became the project director for ABS-CBN Foundations Bantay Kalikasan-Palawan that launched at least five eco-tourism projects. In January of last year, Doc Gerry spearheaded the Ten Million Signatures campaign after the Palawan Council for Sustainable Development (PCSD) approved of the large-scale mining in his province. He was shot in the back of his head later the same month. (Visit no2mininginpalawan.com for more info.)