No. 120WED., Sep. 19, 2018

http://times.postech.ac.kr

First Edition SEP. 2, 2009

Publisher. Kim Doh-Yeon | Professor Editor. Im, Gyeong Soon | Editor-in-chief. Park Hee-won | eng-reporter@postech.ac.kr | 77 Cheongam-Ro, Pohang, Gyungbuk, KOREA | Tel 82-54-279-3718

From Sep. 14 to 15, the 17th KAIST – POSTECH Science War (KPSW) was held at POSTECH campus. Though it rained heavily throughout two days, the passion of players and supporters were intense enough for them to enjoy KPSW.

Hacking, Football, Science Quiz, E-Sports took place on the first day.

Hacking started 9 AM to 9 PM, for 12 hours. Two teams were assigned the same problems. The one who solved it first took one point at hacking. Both sides succeeded in solving all the nine problems, but KAIST got ahead of us by close score of 847 to 843. The Foot-ball match was proceeded on a wet field, so supporters gathered at auditorium to

watch football transmission broadcast by PBS. Ended in a tie of 1 to 1, play-ers had to run for overtime. At the sec-ond half of overtime, the KAIST player scored a goal with a header, leaving a regrettable defeat to POSTECH. For the Science Quiz, it has been POSTECH’s most trusty competition. Both teams had to answer questions to solve bingo

which included mine and fleet. They gave minus or plus point to the one who got on that board. Even though POS-TECH succeeded in solving one more problems than KAIST, we lost finding more mines than them. E-sports started from 10 PM and first round of League of Legends (LOL) went well with ini-tiating strategy, which means attacking the enemies first to set the pace. How-ever for the rest two rounds, KAIST showed brilliant strategy and good un-derstanding of character that seized the victory of KPSW. It was such a day of agony for POSTECH to miss all the point which determined the disgraceful defeat of KPSW.

There were three matches on the sec-ond day; Baseball, Basketball and AI. Badminton game was also held after last year, and players suffered overwhelm-ing difference of performance. Howev-er it was not a regular match that was counted as a point. Unusually, there was a baseball match at Pohang Baseball Stadium this year. Both sides did their best and showed fantastic game power that thrilled audiences. POSTECH al-lowed reversal with five loss of point at the last inning as a result. The first news

of victory was from basketball. For the three quarters, it was tight match of 29 to 28 and could not forecast the future. At the fourth quarter, POSTECH scored continuously and ended at the marvel-ous score of 44 to 34. For the AI match, POSTECH achieved sweeping victory winning three rounds in a row. At the two bonus games, we won all the games showing overwhelming performance.

Even though everyone knew the de-feat of KPSW the second day, POS-TECH supporters cheered with passion and vivacity throughout the games. Although, POSTECH could not make it this year, 2018 KPSW brought unity and bond to students in both school.

(Details continued in page 3)

Reporter Park Hee-wonlogos99@postech.ac.kr

Microfluidics is a study of systems that can process small quantities of flu-ids by using micro-channels smaller than one millimeter in at least one di-mension. It is viewed as an essential tool for life science research, or in a larger way, biotechnologies. However, it has been difficult to commercialize this tech-nology; taking a great deal of time and effort due to its fine and sophisticated technologies.

Professor Lee Hyo-min (CE), Choi Chang-hyung (CET, Daegu Haany University), and David Weitz (PHYS, Harvard University) have developed a microfluidic technology that can contin-uously produce water droplets by con-trolling the precise flow of fluids. They also announced a manufacturing method and a direction for the application.

The research team controlled the flow of fluid to create sophisticated wa-ter droplets with multiple phases. For this material, not only can a variety of functional materials be placed in a de-sired location, but also can physical and chemical processes be used to protect biomaterials from the outside environ-ment. In addition, under certain con-ditions it can selectively release drugs

and biomolecules. Through this method, functional materials containing sophisti-cated structures can be produced in large quantities through a continuous process.

“Various technologies that utilize mi-crofluidics will be developed and could be a breakthrough in commercialization of these technologies as a result of this paper.” Prof. Lee stated. The results of this research was published in the Chem-ical Society Review.

Reporter Lee Mi-yeonmylee0031@

Microfluidics Opens Up the Possibility of Mass Production of Fine Particles

Human Lives are Priceless!

This May, the Magnetic Force Mi-croscopy (MFM) laboratory at POS-TECH was selected as outstanding safety management. Under the supervi-sion of Professor Kim Jee-hoon of the Physics department, the students feel safe doing researches in the MFM lab-oratory.

Professor Kim confidently asserted that the lab safety is momentous be-cause “people’s lives are the priority,” and elaborated that human lives are “priceless” and that once one gets hurt, there is no turning back.

According to Prof. Kim the first step to safety is assessing any expect-ed threats and eliminating them. For instance, gas cylinders are at a risk of explosion because of their high-pres-sure so must not be carried around. In his laboratory, they are tightly tied to the wall and pipes are used to deliver the gases. As of liquid helium and liquid nitrogen, they expand and become gas-es when exposed to heat, and extrude oxygen out of the room, putting people at a risk of asphyxiation. When helium and nitrogen slowly take over the room, the person in the room will only feel drowsy without realizing that it is from

the lack of oxygen, not sleep debt. To prevent such scenario, the MFM lab has an oximeter installed to alarm the researchers once the oxygen level is too low. He also advised students to never be alone in the lab.

One of the safety aspects of MFM laboratory that Prof. Kim feels most proud of is the self-made toolbox that allows an effective organization. The lab cleaning that once took hours only require thirty minutes thanks to the tool box. The toolbox is very visual and or-ganized so that people can easily find where a tool belongs.

Prof. Kim believes that students’ minds are the most important in safety and wants them to know that their lives are more valuable than anything in the lab and asks them to be active in keep-ing the lab safe.

Reporter Song Sung-chanscsong1234@

Rain could not cool down the passion of KPSW

CONTENTS

NEWS The War on Plastic

2

CAMPUS KAIST - POSTECH Science War

3

OPINION Extraordinary is Ordinary: just another ordinary queer life 4

FEATURE South Korea reforms its military service

▲Prof. Kim Jee-hoon in the MFM laboratory

<Personnel Announcement>

◎ Gwak Jun-ho (ME 15)

◎ Lee Jun-yong (MSE 17)

End of Appointment: August 31

◎ Park Hee-won (MSE 17)

Appointed as Editor: September 1

▲Basketball playerrs tossing their coach in the air after winning the game.

5

High-tech devices that are used in smartphones and wear-able devices have complex nanometer-sized patterns. Since the size of electronics shrinks as technology evolves, devic-es face a difficult challenge in becoming smaller but being able to carry on more advanced

functions. Professor Kim Jin-kon (CE)

and Kim Sang-hoon (CE, Ph.D. Integrated) research team and Dr. Lee Woo’s research team developed a hybrid mould chemically layered in the field of polydimethylsiloxane with porous alumina that can be ap-plied to the roll-to-roll process. This development was pub-lished as a title page paper on the Advanced Functional Mate-rials magazine, an authority on materials.

The research team revealed that when polydimethylsilox-ane, a type of silicon, was com-bined with an anodic porous alumina mould, it was able to fully contact the substrate at low pressure and prevent cracks in the moulds at high pressure or when it was bent

by dispersing the force. In ad-dition to flat boards, the mould was able to create nanostructure from curved substrates. Also it could be applied to roll‐to‐roll processes, which continuously imprints nano patterns.

Prof. Kim explained, “The re-cent study is meaningful in that the problems of porous alumi-na moulds, which are used for nano printing, are solved by laminating the mould and a flex-ible elastomer chemically in to a hybrid form.” Prof. Kim also explained that “We can easily manufacture nanostructures of various sizes and shapes, which will greatly help develop nano-imprinting processes.”

Reporter Ryu Nu-ri

A Step Forward in the Nano-Pattern Imprinting Process

POSTECH has announced the appointment of Prof. Song Ho-Keun of Social Science at Seoul National University (SNU) as the Dean of POSTECH’s Hu-manities and Social Science Department (HASS Dept.) and have bestowed upon him an en-dowed professorship.

Prof. Song was appointed as SNU’s first endowed professor in the field of HASS due to his accomplished research achieve-ments regarding polarization and social conflict intensifica-tion. Beginning from 1994 as a

SNU Prof. of Social Science, he also contributed to the advance-ment of SNU as the Head of the Social Science Department. Due to his appraised perspective involving numerous fields; pol-itics, economics, and the social sciences, he retained a sharp analysis of the nature of social phenomenon and policy.

President Kim Doh-Yeon stat-ed, “As a university that special-izes in science and technology and fosters future industry lead-ers, the current HASS education isn’t enough. Students now live

much longer due to extended lifespans and will take positions in multiple jobs and careers. Considering the present educa-tion system with a specialized focus on one major, it is difficult to adapt to this change. Only students with STEM knowledge and HASS perspectives can con-tribute to our country’s advance-ment.”

By recruiting Prof. Song, POSTECH aims to strengthen HASS education. Most recently, POSTECH has pursued the cul-tivation of ‘Fast Followers’ who can follow technology from ad-vanced countries to strengthen one’s own country’s technology. However, in order to cultivate talented individuals of the next generation, HASS education is essential to cultivate integrated thinking, creativity, and com-munication skills. Accordingly, the recruitment of Prof. Song is POSTECH’s bold new step in HASS education.

Reporter Lee Seung-joo

Prof. Song Ho-keun Appointed to POSTECH

“We found about 80,000 tons of buoyant plastic currently in the GPGP.” Micro plastics, tiny fragments of plastic smaller than 5mm in size, make up the major-ity of items in GPGP (Great Pa-cific Garbage Patch). This trash vortex is getting bigger, and is now estimated to be fifteen times the size of South Korea.

On May 28, the EU decided to phase out a plan to ban the use of the 10 most widely used the disposable plastic products, in-cluding straws and coffee sticks, by 2021.

Korea’s annual use of plastic for packaging per person is the second largest in the world. The number of vinyl used per person per year is 420 on average, 1.15 per day. The Environment Min-istry estimates that 2.6 billion plastic straws are used annual-ly in Korea. The South Korean government also announced it will cut plastic waste by more than 50 percent by 2030. In Au-gust, legal regulations imposed up to 2 million KRW in fines for serving beverages in plastic con-tainers in cafes. From Sep.10,

Starbucks Korea will begin of-fering paper straws at all 100 of its stores. It also plans to replace plastic coffee stirrers with wood-en ones and introduce plastic cup lids that do not require straws by the end of this year. Angel-in-us Coffee also will begin serving iced drinks in plastic cups that do not require straws. 21 café and fast food franchises signed a voluntary agreement with the Ministry of Environment to cut down on the use of disposable products like cups and straws. Alarmed by the unprecedented growth in plastic cup and straw use in Korea, the government has recently been putting heavy pressure on cafes to cut down on disposable waste.

Scientists warn that plastic waste will outnumber fish in the ocean by 2030 and stress the importance of tightening regula-tions on plastic waste. It is high-time to take responsibility for the future of the Earth.

Reporter Lee Mi-yeon

< World News ><Inferno at Brazil’s National Museum causes ‘irreparable’ damage and grief> - CNN Priceless artifacts spanning 11,000 years went up in flames as an inferno swallowed Brazil’s

National Museum. More than 20 million pieces of history, including Egyptian mummies and his-toric artwork, may have been destroyed. No one knows what sparked the blaze around 7:30 p.m. on Sept. 2nd. Firefighters worked through the night to battle the flames, but a museum official said the damage is already “irreparable.”

<Reuters journalists jailed in Myanmar over secrets act> - BBC News A court in Myanmar has sentenced two Reuters journalists to seven years in prison for violating

a state secrets act while investigating violence against the Rohingya minority. Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo, nationals of Myanmar, were arrested while carrying official documents which had just been given to them by police officers. They had been collecting evidence about the murders of 10 Rohingya men by the army in September 2017.

The War on Plastic

News

Prof. Sung H. Han named IEA Fellow

Prof. Sung H. Han (IME), a world-renowned human engineer-ing authority, has been selected as

a scholar member of the Interna-tional Ergonomics Association (IEA), and named an IEA Fellow. The selection is more meaning-ful considering throughout the 60 year history of IEA, only 120 people have been selected for the scholar membership.

The IEA was formed in 1959 and is the world’s leading academ-ic institution attended by scholars from 51 countries around the world. It gives out membership to those who have outstanding aca-demic achievements in the field of ergonomics and who have made international contributions for the advancement of the field of ergo-nomics.

User experience, the usability of mobile devices, emotional en-gineering, and establishing safe and comfortable driving environ-ments are some of the fields Prof. Han researches. He founded the Asian Council on Ergonomics and Design and served as its first president. He is also serving as ed-itor-in-chief of several academic journals and is the program chair-person of various international ac-ademic conferences.

Reporter Chae Seung-hyun

The joint research team of Professor Kwon Se-kyun (GIFT) and Professor Levente

Vitos (Royal Institute of Tech-nology, Stockholm) have suc-ceeded in solving the simulta-neous increase in strength and ductility in high-entropy alloy through the theory of metal plasticity. This can be applied directly to the study of various existing metal materials as well as the development of stronger and more flexible steel – ultra high strength steel that is three times stronger than aluminum.

The team noted the phenom-enon of twinning, and succeed-ed in unraveling the secrets of high-entropy alloy. The alloy is not a random mixture of metal elements, but has a grid struc-

ture like a checkerboard, and a crystal structure in which at-oms are embedded in at points on the grid. At this time, due to external forces, the crystal structure can become distorted. During this process, when the alloy structure is designed, so that the mirror image structure is drawn, the alloy can be both very strong and ductile.

This study was published in Nature Communications, and was carried out with support from the Korea-Sweden Inter-national Cooperative Research Project .

Reporter Kim Su-min

Hydrogen has been utilized as clean energy source in numerous areas including hydrogen cars and nickel-hydride batteries. The steam-methane reforming reaction whereby methane from natural gas is used to produce hydrogen in thermal processes is responsible for as much as 90% of hydrogen production around

the globe. However, such a re-action has a major drawback: heavy carbon dioxide emission. As a countermeasure, a two-step thermodynamic water dissocia-tion was spotlighted only to be labeled inefficacy because of a high reaction temperature of 1400℃.

Assistant professor Jin Hyun-

gyu from ME along with Profes-sor Arun Majumdar, Professor William Cheuh and their respec-tive teams from the Departments of ME and MSE at Stanford University have discovered Po-ly-cation oxide (PCO) that sig-nificantly lowers the reaction temperature of the water dis-sociation. The team observed entropy’s influence on the reac-tion temperature of water dis-sociation and developed a PCO that undergoes dramatic entropy change during the process, al-lowing it to react under 1100℃.

The invention of PCO is ex-pected to foster mass production of hydrogen without pollution. The research was announced through the Energy and Envi-ronmental Science magazine.

Reporter Song Sung-chan

Mass Production of Hydrogen thanks to Poly-cation oxide

▲Prof. Song Ho-keun giving a speech

▲Prof. Sung H. Han (IME)

▲ Beach filled with plastic trash

▲Prof. Kim Jin-kon (CE)▲Prof. Jin Hyun-gyu (ME)

Ⅱ WED., Sep. 19, 2018 No. 120

Metal Plasticity of High-Entropy Alloy Theory Advanced

▲Prof. Kwon Se-kyun (GIFT)

Campus

After replacement of old equipment, there looked more people in the gymnasium fitness room than before. There was a freshman in sweatsuit of POS-TECH rowing team, Lee Do-hyun (Mueunjae 18).

“Today was the first day for my class to go the gym for Phys-ical Fitness class (GEDU151). You know, the main entrance is closed except for special events and we should use the side en-trance. By the way, only I and my two friends went to the side door and I realized that many students seldom use the fitness room.”

“When I decided to enter POSTECH, firstly I searched for the library and the gymnasium. I also found there is POSPLEX, but I thought it would be better to check the gymnasium first, and it was actually good. More-over, it is free of charge.”

“Inside the fitness room is not

well ventilated, and it is slight-ly different from POSPLEX, the professional one. It is much more like the one, fitness centers in newly built apartments. There was only some fitness equipment like the centers in apartments. Moreover, some components were missed, the equipment were old, and some were unbal-anced. The stench of people who have used them remained, and it smelled not so good.”

“I did leg curls today, a new one, and it was really nice. The old equipment except for only three or four, were put in the cor-ner, keeping people away from them. Except them, every equip-ment got replaced.”

“I had planned to go work-out on the dates on which the replacement was planned, so I searched and got to know it was thanks to the sponsorship. After waiting, the fitness room got much better, and more-

over, while the spaces between equipment was wide before the replacement, the room became more solid.”

“Usually I go to the gym in the morning, from 6:30 to 8, before starting the day. Because when I consider workout as a task, it disturbs other tasks. I think it would be better to do this as a kind of ceremony.”

“There are not so many peo-ple, except for some seniors I steadily meet. Also, quite a few professors come. I’ve met Prof. Ryu Sung-ho of life science de-partment, I had dinner with him at the same table at the retreat event, so I bowed to him but maybe he didn’t see me. Some-times when I have spare time in the afternoon and go to the gym for extra workout, I could meet Prof. Kim Sang-uk, Dean of Of-fice of Admissions and Student Affairs. Especially during the summer vacation, I think be-

cause he is the director of the basketball team, he did light ex-ercise before go to coach them.”

“I’m not much close to peo-ple there, yet. Anyway, there is a graduate who exchange greet-

ings with, though I don’t know his name. He taught me how to exercise and corrected postures. Postechians are all kind and al-ways give help when asked.” Reporter Kim Su-min

kimsm@

POSTECH Microscope: a Student in the Fitness Room

A Close Game! The Unfortunate Loss in KPSW Sports

▲POSTECH Basketball player throwing ball to the rim ▲Player seeking for goal at the overtime

▲ Lee Do-hyun, in the fitness room that was newly renovated.

No. 120 WED., Sep. 19, 2018 Ⅲ

During the 2018 KAIST- POS-TECH Science War (KPSW), POSTECH succeeds to defeat KAIST in basketball but fails to win the two games: baseball and soccer.

Competitive Match End-ing in Regretful Loss

As the opening game of the KPSW, the soccer game was held. After a game that went into overtime, our university was defeated by a score of 1 to 2. Because of the downpour, the condition of the field and the overall situation was not good.

It was KAIST that scored the first goal. About 10 minutes into the game, the ball passed through the goalkeeper after a free kick.

About 5 minutes after that, a free kick chance was given to our team as well, and Han Gi-jung (PHYS 17) made the most of it. With that goal, the score was tied.

After that, both teams trad-ed attacks back and forth hav-ing several chances to score, but nothing hit the net. Neither team was able to reverse the score again before the end of regulation game time. The game went to overtime and in the sec-ond half, just when everybody thought the game would go to a penalty shoot-out, a goal was made by KAIST. In what seemed to be the last minutes of the game, a cross followed by a header just narrowly slipped past the keeper’s hand.

As stated by Lee Dong-hyeon

(ME 15), captain of the POS-TECH soccer team, the plan was to defend against KAIST’s playstyle of long passes and set the tempo for themselves with greater teamwork and stamina gained through hard training during the summer vacation.

The plays of the goalkeeper, Moon Hye-sung (MATH) was exceptionally brilliant, stopping several shots that would have tipped the scale to KAIST’s side. The ground was all soggy, and they could not show 100% of skills. Few of our players got hurt, reducing our team’s overall capabilities.

Despite the loss, our team did the best they could. We should not only say thanks to the play-ers that actually ran on the field but for the players that trained with the fellow entrees and cheered them on just as if they were on the field themselves.

A leading baseall game turned into a heart searing reversal

On Sep. 15, the second day of the KPSW started with a base-ball game. Unfortunately, POS-TECH had to add another defeat to the record of consecutive loss in baseball since 2015. Howev-er, the game itself showed that baseball club Tachyons had ea-gerly prepared for this match.

The game started with team POSTECH playing defense with pitches of the starting pitcher Lee Jin-hyun (MSE 17). It was team KAIST that scored first, scoring two runs without hits in

the first inning. In the second in-ning, team POSTECH managed to score a point in a first and third situation. While the pitch-er made a pickoff attempt at the first base runner, the runner at third managed to score a run by stealing the home plate. In the third inning, by taking advan-tage of the opponent’s pitching errors, team POSTECH scored five runs in total making a big inning. The atmosphere changed as team POSTECH turned the tables making the scores 6 to 2. In the fourth inning, team KAIST did manage to chase team POSTECH by two points but team POSTECH managed to escape the opponent’s pursuit thanks to the spectacular jump catch made by Cho Sung-ho (IME 17). However, in the sixth inning, the pitchers of team POSTECH had a hard time con-trolling the game and ended up giving team KAIST five points. The batters of team POSTECH tried their best until the end but team KAIST managed to defend their last defense and the game ended with a score of 7 to 9.

After the heart-breaking game, The Postech Times inter-viewed the student director of baseball club Tachyons, Choi Hyung-tae (MATH 15). He re-vealed they worked hard on batting, saying “Since I believe batting is the most important, Tachyons mainly focused on batting during the training. I be-lieve that it’s easier for a team with the ability to score to im-prove than a team with a high

defense succeed rate.” Key strategy was for play-

er Lee Jin-Hyun (MSE 17) to start off as the starting pitcher and hold off the KAIST’s of-fence as long as possible while our hitters score up to 10, lead-ing the game completely in our pace. Asked about improve-ments during the match, he said, “Even though we lost the game, we developed tremendously in mentality through this chance. The shock of loss will be aid in the development of even stron-ger willpower that will lead the team to success next year.”

Crucial factors for the loss were mostly due to the mis-takes made during base running. The flow of offence was halt-ed and additional scores were not achieved. Player exchange in the sixth inning did not go so well too. Even though the game ended with a disappoint-ment, the effort and the amazing achievements made by Tachy-ons will not be forgotten and will be appraised.

First Victory for POS-TECH!

As the second sports event on the second day of KPSW, basketball game was held at POSTECH gymnasium at 3 o’clock. After the game was turned around several times, POSTECH took its first victo-ry against KAIST in basketball with the score of 44 to 34.

In the interview with Choi In-hoo, the captain of the basket-ball team, he revealed the strat-

egy that turned out to be game changer. During the training camp, while the team has been focusing on stamina for the past years, this year they focused on individual skills. There was a significant improvement in the players’ skills that contributed to the whole team’s strength. One of the obstacles was the cli-mate: the basketball court was slippery due to monsoon. There was no significant injury during the camp, but the team captain and interviewee had a cartilage injury near his ribs a week be-fore the game. Because of the injury, he could not participate as one of the key players, but luckily it turned out well when Suh Won-jun, Choi In-hoo’s substitute, scored six points in the first quarter, leading the team.

He also expressed gratitude to professor Kim Dong-hyun who is in charge of the POSTECH basketball team. He noted that the Prof. Kim has contributed to the team with affection even though he was very busy with work. He was quick to catch player’s strength and weakness and proficient at amplifying our players’ strengths while finding ways to hampering KAIST play-ers’ strengths. Guards of Team KAIST have such a high shoot-ing accuracy and their main weapon are three-pointers. The team captain has correctly pre-dicted that POSTECH’s main focus will be pressing-defense with strategies such as half-court press and cutting off aces

from the beginning.After the victory, Choi In-hoo

said that after losing to KAIST last year, he felt pressure to win this year and he is elated to have won. He commented that the strategy in which they com-pletely block off two KAIST aces worked really well.

Reporter Song Sung-chanLee Seung-joo

Ryu Nu-riChae Seung-hyun

scsong1234@seungjoo612@

ryunuri@shchae7@

▲ Cheering for the fourth inning at Pohang baseball stadium

Opinion

My name is KIMUSANG.Kimusang means the most

common last name in Korea ‘Kim’ pronounced in Japanese.

I am a 33-year-old TOEIC instructor. I began my career in 2009. The year 2018 is my 10th anniversary! :) I’ve been work-ing hard as a TOEIC instructor for my students but there has been always something missing. Something that completes me. I wanted to find it for a long time.

In 2015, my close friend came out to me as a lesbian and I

was surprised that the “COM-ING-OUT” was just that easy. I was literally shocked. I had de-nied myself as a lesbian in my entire life. I thought accepting myself as I am was the hardest thing, but I was totally wrong. It was nothing. It is just like look-ing at myself through the mirror more clearly than ever before. The fact that I truly accept my-self as I am completely made me real me. After coming out to myself as a lesbian, I wanted to share my experience and feel-ings. I have the ability to make

videos so I decided to become a Youtuber. At first, I made sev-eral Podcasts which is not video but audio and then I started my own youtube channel.

My job is YOUTUBER.I make video contents about

everything. Everything I see, I feel, and I love. I express my-self through the videos. Normal-ly, I make videos with my wife. Those videos are very inter-esting not because we are both women, because we love each other. I make videos about us. In the videos, we are having din-ner, traveling abroad, reacting to popular music videos and so on. Also, I make videos about Apple products, such as iPhone, iPod, AirPods and anything from Ap-ple. I am a kind of tech Youtuber as well.

I make my most videos using my smartphone, iPhone. As you know, the more equipment you have, the better the video quality or result you can get. But, on the world wide web, we can never expect the same result from the previous cases. I think there is no right answer. If you want to make 4K or 5K high-quality videos, you should have very expensive tools. But many You-Tubers just make videos using their smartphone just like me. The smartphone is much smarter than ever. Now I have about 350 videos in my channel and half of them were made by only iP-hone. Everything needed in the progress can be done in iPhone; shooting, editing, making titles

and uploading on Youtube. You can do everything you want us-ing only your phone. Of course, I also use a computer and a cam-era. My tools are MacBook Pro, DJI Mavic Air drone, and Sony action camera.

Here are the numbers if you consider becoming Youtuber. In my top 10 most viewed videos, 5 of them are made by only my iPhone 7 Plus. Become a Youtu-ber right now!

I am just another usual Youtu-ber. However, I am a lesbian and I put it on the titles of my vid-eos and that makes me different from others. Because of that, I was worried about haters when starting my youtube channel. There are a lot of queer-haters in Korea, so I assumed some haters could beat me or throw eggs to me on the street. But my wor-ries were totally unnecessary. It never happened. Haters do not care about my youtube chan-nel. Maybe they do not know about me. I should work hard for them! :)

If there is a challenge as a You-Tuber, it is time. I want to make interesting videos but I have to teach TOEIC in my class. Time management is so important for those who have various jobs.

My story is ORDINARY.When I was in my twenties,

I have not accepted myself as a lesbian. Almost all of my friends, acquaintances, col-leagues have expressed their negative feelings and opinions about the queer, so I could not

admit myself as a bad person. I always knew I love women as a woman but I just could not think I was a lesbian. I searched for lesbian movies, images, and coming-out celebrities. I was and I am SO lesbian but at that time I didn’t have balls (you know what I’m talking about). I had a common misconception that queers are not ordinary, not normal, not usual. But I AM QUEER. Thanks to my relative-ly late identification as a lesbi-an, I have both sides of views; the one that is the ordinary person looking at the queers weirdly from far away and the other that is the queer-self being watched by the ordinary people with their cold eyes. Imagine. If your family, close friends, or your people come out to you as a lesbian, a gay, or a queer to-day, does the fact change that person? Will you see that person with cold eyes? Will you cut off that person from your life? Does the coming-out really matter to the relationship between you and the person?

There is a line between the ordinary and the queer. This in-visible but dangerous line may cause hate crimes. I want to erase the invisible line between ordinary and extraordinary.

Human is naturally ordinary and extraordinary at the same time. We are complex and I think that makes us special. Weird is common. Abnormal is just another normal thing.

I remember the TV show titled ‘Respond, 1988 (tvN, 2015)’.

The one episode is about the marriage with the same sur-name and same place of fam-ily origin. Up until just about 20 years ago, it was illegal for couples with the same surname and same place of family origin to get married. However, these days nobody cares about that when going out on a date or get-ting married. I think the same-sex marriage will be the same. Someday nobody cares about the same-sex marriage because it will be so normal and not ille-gal. I hope the day will be com-ing soon.

Column Extraordinary is Ordinary: just another ordinary queer life

KIMUSANG,a queer youtuber and TOEIC

instructor

Postechian Column

For all our lives, until the moment we die, we worry about something. It doesn’t matter what it’s about or how insignificant it is, we worry about it. If somebody says that he or she isn’t worried about anything, we can be pretty sure like 100% sure that person is lying. Worrying is an integral part of our lives, a companion that even if we want to, can’t part away with.

Personally, for me, I catego-rize worry into two types. One, worries concerning things that haven’t taken place yet (type 1). Two, worries about things that already took place (type 2). Unlike Type 2, Type 1 can be useful, as worrying of that kind motivates us to be pre-pared. But type 2 doesn’t do anything for us. Our worrying about something that already took place and already has a set outcome will have no effect on the results

Postechians, as a university student and especially as a stu-dent of POSTECH, have lots to worry about. Our school which is famous for its academics has curriculums that are very stressing for the students. On top of that, we must consider and think about relationship with friends, clubs, etc.

Academics might look like our number one priority, but it’s just the tip of the iceberg. Meaning that deep down, in-side that person there are wor-

ries that are privy to only one-self. On the outside, everyone acts as if everything is perfect. But on the inside, there are worries that are eating away at that person’s inside. As it can’t be told to anyone and nothing can be done about it, it causes stress. And those are the wor-ries that lower the happiness of life, and the most difficult to get rid of.

And just as the name of this article implies, worrying is costly. I am not saying worry-ing is pointless, but sometimes it can be meaningless. That’s because most people’s wor-ries are mainly type 2, and that are deep down a person. Es-sentially people have worries that can’t be told to no one, which means the person with the worries must solve it all on one’s own, and that practically changes nothing about the out-come.

We constantly think and wor-ry about the result, but at the same time know that it doesn’t change anything. What’s frus-trating is the fact that we know and yet can do nothing as it’s human nature. Worrying cost, us time and gives us stress so it’s crucial to reduce worries. There is no real solution to this as every person is different, but there is one general solution, confidence.

Having confidence is the key to reducing worries. For example, let’s look at us after

an exam. After an exam, we all worry about if our grades are going to be good. That worry increases over time until the grade is announced. However, if you have confidence in your skills and the preparation that was taken, you can reduce that worry considerably.

I hope every Postechians have confidence in themselves and stop worrying. I know that just saying that is the easy part, and that actually following that is the hard part. However, life is too short. Don’t use that short amount of time worrying about stuff that doesn’t change anything and use that time on something meaningful.

Reporter Column

Everything started when I checked a handicapped toilet of the Muenjae Memorial Hall. I was shocked because there were a lot of cleaning tools in the toilet. However, there were even more surprising facts. First, there is no toilet for the handicapped women. Second, there is no wheelchair acces-sible elevator. It is difficult for disabled people to take class-es and to live in POSTECH because of limited facilities. POSTECH must make an envi-ronment where disabled people can live without any inconve-nience. This is the barrier-free campus.

Besides the Muenjae Memo-rial Hall, many other buildings in POSTECH lack accessibil-ity for people with disabili-ties. Furthermore, those prob-lems of each buildings are not known. When outsiders visit POSTECH, or disabled stu-dents visit an unfamiliar build-ing, they are unable to use the elevator or the toilet at ease due to lack of information.

As a first solution, I suggest to show the current accessibil-ity information well enough. So, Student·Minority Human Rights Council MODAM that I lead created the barrier-free map application about POS-TECH. We examined the in-formation of entrance door, stair, elevator, and toilet about 25 buildings. We made an An-droid application that can eas-

ily show corresponding infor-mation with google map API. I think this application can reduce the problems faced by disabled people a lot. It is also being suggested to post infor-mation on the main homep-age of POSTECH. That would have a huge impact on outsid-ers also.

The second solution is to raise interest in human rights of the disabled. While we don’t recognize its necessity well enough, there are many facilities with barrier. Many people think that issues about facilities for the disabled are far from themselves. But we can be disabled at any time. POSTECH should always keep in mind that students with disabilities should always be welcomed and able to enter. MODAM, Disability Student Support Center in POSTECH must do campaigns to publi-cize rights of disabilities. Re-moving barrier in heart can also be important to make bar-rier-free campus.

The last solution is to change facilities. As you can see from barrier-free map application, there are so many facilities with huge barrier about dis-abilities. It is necessary to use budget to make barrier-free campus. It is the most difficult and prudent thing to do. How-ever, if the mentioned above solutions work well, facilities will be improved a lot.

I hope that people with dif-ferences will be able to live without any inconvenience in POSTECH. If many people are interested in minority human rights, the school will continue to move into a brighter society.

Kim Nam-won (LIFE16) Reporter Chae Seung-hyun

How to Make a Barrier-Free Campus The Cost of Worrying

▲KIMUSANG, a queer youtuber and TOEIC instructor

WED., Sep. 19, 2018 No. 120 Ⅳ

FeatureNo. 120 WED., Sep. 19, 2018 Ⅴ

Alternative military service to be available in Korea from 2020

On July 28, Korea’s constitu-tional court ruled that the mili-tary service act article 5, which regulates the types of military service, is unconstitutional be-cause it fails to offer alternative services. However, the court made sure that military service act article 88, which punishes any person who refuses to serve the military without justifiable grounds, is constitutional. The court demanded that article 5

should be revised until the end of 2019.

Since South Korea has been technically in war with North Korea until now, the military did not offer any kind of alterna-tive service to able-bodied men. Therefore conscientious objec-tors, who refuse to serve for the military or arm guns on religious or conscientious grounds, were punished by military service act article 88. Those who were prosecuted were weighed off by imprisonment for not more

than three years. According to Amnesty International, around 19,300 people have gone to jail since 1953. Currently, around 570 conscientious objectors re-fuse their military duties annu-ally and around 235 people are serving their sentence now in prison. Almost all of the consci-entious objectors are Jehovah’s Witnesses.

The Ministry of Defense said that they are making plans for the alternative services with the principle of preventing the alter-native service from being abused

as a means of dodging military service, securing equity with other military service, and not being punitive.

Quite a few people demand that the alternative services should be removing mines. Al-though it poses significant risks but it is a high contribution to peace. It is not against the be-liefs of religion or pacifism, but rather the removal of landmines contributes to such pacifism and peace. Also this might be able to sort out ‘fake’ conscientious ob-jectors aimed at simply dodging

military service. However, some people say that it would be a retaliatory move to make them engage in such dangerous jobs as mine removal when there is a lack of expertise.

According to the DONG-A Daily, It was reported on July 23, that the alternative service offices of conscientious objec-tors were virtually confirmed as correctional institutions or prisons. The length of the alter-native service is estimated to be 36 months long and only about 400 to 500 people will be able to serve the alternative service every year. Those who will serve the alternative will live and work together and their duties will be limited to simple auxiliary duties such as supply of goods.

The length of military ser-vice in Korea will gradually shorten

On July 27, Song Young-moo, Minister of National Defense, submitted the Defense Reform 2.0 plans to president Moon Jae-in and got the final approv-al. Therefore, the Ministry of National Defense will shorten the service period for those who are serving for the army and ma-rine corps from 21 months to 18 months. The navy’s service period will also be shortened by 3 months, from 23 months to 20 months. However, the air force’s service period will only be shortened by 2 months, from 24 months to 22 months, because it has already been shortened by

a month beforehand. Those who are discharged on Oct. 1st will be the first to experience the bene-fits of the shortened service pe-riod.

The service period will be shortened a day per two weeks. For instance, a soldier who joined the army at Jan. 3rd, 2017 was supposed to be discharged on Oct. 2nd, 2018. However, by the implementation of the shortened service period, he will be discharged on Oct. 1st. Therefore, those who apply for the army on June 15, 2020 will be discharged after serving the completely shortened period of 18 months.

As good as this reform sounds, it might have some drawbacks. The Ministry of Defense said that as an alternative to the shortened service period and the reduction of troops it would gradually remove secondments (riot police officer, obligatory fire fighter, etc). For alternative services such as expert research personnel or industrial technical personnel the Ministry said that it would “reduce the numbers to the minimum.” Since quite a few male students of POSTECH wish to carry out their military duties as expert research person-nel or industrial technical per-sonnel, Postechians may have to face the consequences of the military reform too.

Reporter Ryu Nu-riryunuri@

South Korea to reform its military service

People can easily see the ben-efits of drone usage from pack-age delivery to firefighting. With such motivations, experts and even regular citizens have been updating drone’s hardware and software to enable drones to perform various tasks. Howev-er, little did they know about the dark side of the drone usage.

On Nov. 14, 2017, the Inter-national Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons was held in Geneva of which more than 100 nations were part. The sub-ject of the convention was the ban on killer robots.

At the convention, a sev-en-minute film called “Slaugh-terbots,” created by computer scientists from Campaign to Stop Robots group under the supervision of Stuart Russell who is a leading AI scientist and professor from U.C. Berkeley, was played in an effort to urge the United Nation (UN) to ban autonomous weapons world-wide. The film shows palm-sized drones armed with explo-sives. The drones lunge toward human skulls, exploding upon contact to penetrate the brains

and eliminate their contents. The film went on and even presented some realistic scenarios to incul-cate a sense of urgency into peo-ple’s minds. One of the scenari-os took place in a college lecture where students were slaughtered by the slaughterbots, and the scenario ended when the video of a guy facetiming his mother turned dark with the sound of a bang. The film has reached more than four million online views and shocked the world.

Professor Russell asserted that “it is not science fiction” and that the video illustrates the “results of integrating and min-iaturizing technologies that we already have.” The dangers of drones that professor Russell pointed out are in fact foreshad-owed at the very early stage of drone development: the white house drone trespassing.

The white house is designed to be one of the most heavily guarded places on Earth. It has a radar system capable of detect-ing flying objects such as mis-siles, planes, and large drones. However, on Jan. 26, 2015, the White House was visited by an

unwanted guest when a small drone crashed into a tree on the South Lawn of the White House. The drone was about two feet in diameter and its small size en-abled the drone to sneak into so called impregnable fortress un-noticed. Luckily, the drone was operated by a government em-ployee for recreational purpose only and not for terrorism.

The question that the drone incidence at the White House should imprint on people’s minds is as follows: if a two-me-ter diameter drone could pen-etrate a place with the most thorough surveillance more than three years ago, what can a palm-sized drone do if handled by malicious person? That ques-tion is answered by professor Russell through his film.

The continuation of drone development without any effort to put it on a leash will leave nothing but subversion. But everything has a silver lining and it will only get brighter as more people become aware of prospective drone terrors. Vital researches and reports regarding drone regulations can be found at the site, ‘autonomousweap-ons.org.’ With that information, one can become a part of a soci-ety that saves the future. But act quickly for “the window to act is closing fast” as Prof. Russell has underscored.

Reporter Song Sung-ChanScsong1234@

Unnoticed Side-Effect of Drone Development

As economy developed and life standards improved for many, pleasure goods became prevalent. Tobacco, marijuana, alcohol, and even sugar are goods categorized as goods consumed as means of pleasure. However, many of such goods generate negative exter-nalities as they cause poor health conditions and addiction. To pre-vent such outcomes and supply the state budget, a type of excise taxes called ‘sin tax’ was made and applied in several different countries.

Sin Tax has its origin from French ‘Gabelle Tax’ or also known as Salt Tax. Gabelle was an excise tax on a particular good- salt. Starting from this, sin tax has been used by many differ-ent countries on mainly alcohol and tobacco to curb the negative health effects and supply the state. According to the World Health Organization (WHO)’s research conducted in 2012, out of 186 investigated countries, only 20 had no application of excise tax on tobacco. This indicates the prevalence of sin tax on vices all over the world. Nowadays, as economy evolved and more va-

riety of goods became reachable, the spectrum and conception of vice also have evolved and many countries have added plastic bags, sugar, and marijuana in their lists of ‘vices’ to tax.

Sin tax effectively seems to al-ter consumer behavior and life patterns in some ways. Research in United States prove that states with higher tax rates on cigarettes conclusively tends to have lower smoking rates than vice versa. Same goes for alcohol as state net consumption of different vari-ations of alcohol (spirits, wine, beer, etc.) differ according to the different tax rate applied to each category. However, many imply that this does not indicate that sin tax successfully lead to the want-ed outcome of increased health conditions.

This seemingly idealistic tax policy is criticized by many as re-gressive, meaning that it discrimi-nates the low incomes, unfair and dangerous as it prompts crimes in the struggle to be exempted from the tax burdens such as robbery and trafficking. As tax is applied to certain goods manufacture (excise tax is the tax applied to the suppli-

ers per unit of goods production; it increases the price of goods and as a result, the quantity demanded decreases, creating an ideal situa-tion that the government wants to create.) ,price of taxed good nat-urally rises which becomes unfa-vorable for consumers with low income. Such method of taxation creates discrimination as only consumers with higher income can gain access to these goods. Also, since price of good is equal to all consumers, the taxation is regressive meaning that the tax burden for low income consumer is greater than that for the higher incomes. And lastly, as most of these taxed vices are notorious for its high addiction rates, consum-ers usually do not willingly give up on the purchase and this pro-motes additional crimes such as theft and trafficking. It is proven by a study analysis held by Micae-la H. Coady in New York through the years of 2003 to 2010 that the increase of tax in 2008 led to the increase of cigarette trafficking in the black market.

Gabelle Tax, the mother of sin tax, is also known as the symbol of injustice and unfair distribution of wealth and power and one of the causes that led to the infamous French Revolution. Sin tax might include better purposes than the gabelle tax, but unless regulated properly can lead to a 2nd gabelle tax situation. Sin tax is already fundamental globally and will probably stay this way for a long time. The best we can do is better enforcements and regulations for sin tax to act as ideal as possible.

Reporter Lee Seung-jooseungjoo612@

Sin Tax- Its purpose and outcome

▲Sin taxes are usually imposed on alcoholic beverages and tobaccos.

▲Alternatives for military service are coming up and the government is reducing the service period.

▲Slaughterbot, which is not science fiction anymore.