Helsinki

Sevastopol

Constantinople

Ekaterinburg Tobolsk

Samara

Tashkent

Tula

Astrakhan

Viborg

Archangel

Kazan

BakuKars

Moscow

WarsawLublin

Vilna

Minsk

Kiev

Kharkov

Riga

Pskov

Rostov-on-Don

Ekaterinoslav

St Petersburg

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SWEDEN

O T T O M A NE M P I R E

R U S S I A N E M P I R E

ITALY

CHINA

AFGHANISTANPERSIA

SERBIA

GREECE

BULGARIA

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POLAND

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Lake Onega

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B l a c k S e a

00 500 1000 km