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The Minoans

The Minoans Notes (page 1)

a.k.a. _________

a.k.a. the Cretans

Minoan civilization existed from _________________

_____________________________________

Minoan civilization existed from 2800 BCE 1400 BCE

_____________________________________

Minoan civilization developed on the island of ____ between the ___________ ___ and the _________.

Minoan civilization developed on the island of Crete between the ___________ ___ and the _________.

Minoan civilization developed on the island of Crete between the Mediterranean Sea and the _________.

Minoan civilization developed on the island of Crete between the Mediterranean Sea and the _________.

Minoan civilization developed on the island of Crete between the Mediterranean Sea and the Aegean Sea.

Minoan civilization developed on the island of Crete between the Mediterranean Sea and the Aegean Sea.

Most Minoan people were _________ ______(1) Grew _________________________(2) Excess (extra) goods were _____for ___________________________________

Most Minoan people were farmers and traders(1) Grew _________________________(2) Excess (extra) goods were _____for ___________________________________

Most Minoan people were farmers and traders(1) Grew wheat, barley, grapes, andolives(2) Excess (extra) goods were _____for ___________________________________

Most Minoan people were farmers and traders(1) Grew wheat, barley, grapes, andolives(2) Excess (extra) goods were tradedfor ___________________________________

Most Minoan people were farmers and traders(1) Grew wheat, barley, grapes, andolives(2) Excess (extra) goods were tradedfor pottery, jewelry, leatherandbronze artifacts

The Minoans Notes (page 2)

The Minoans improved their ship-building skills(1) _____________(2) ____________________________

The Minoans improved their ship-building skills(1) slimmer = faster(2) 2 or 3 masts instead of 1 = faster

(3) _______________________(4) ______________________ ________

(3) deck over rowers = protection(4) wooden beam in front to ram other ships

Description of the people Physical Characteristics (1) ___________________ ______________________

Description of the people Physical Characteristics (1) thin waist, short, small, bronzed skin, long/dark hair

Dress(1) Men _________________ ____________________(2) Women _________________ ___________________ ________________

Dress(1) Men loincloths, long robes, trousers bagged at knees(2) Women _________________ ___________________ ________________

Dress(1) Men loincloths, long robes, trousers bagged at knees(2) Women full skirt, short sleeve jackets laced or open in front, belts, jewelry

Sexism or some level of equality for women?(1) ________________________ ________________________

Sexism or some level of equality for women?(1) women could drive chariots, go hunting, watch sporting events

The Minoans loved sports(1) _____

The Minoans loved sports(1) boxing

(2) _____________________(a) description ___________ ______________________ ____________________ _____________________ _________________________(b) happened in _____ (Minoans built the first of these)

(2) bull-leaping (their favorite)(a) description a form of bull fighting man tumbles over bulls horns, lands on bulls back, does a back flip, and lands into female partners arms(b) happened in _____ (Minoans built the first of these)

(2) bull-leaping (their favorite)(a) description a form of bull fighting man tumbles over bulls horns, lands on bulls back, does a back flip, and lands into female partners arms(b) happened in arenas (Minoans built the first of these)

(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was so important* _____________* _________________ (d) bull became a symbol of ____ to the Minoans (e) ____ surrounding the bull evolved

(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was so important* religious meaning* _________________ (d) bull became a symbol of ____ to the Minoans (e) ____ surrounding the bull evolved

(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was so important* religious meaning* exciting entertainment (d) bull became a symbol of ____ to the Minoans (e) ____ surrounding the bull evolved

(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was so important* religious meaning* exciting entertainment (d) bull became a symbol of power to the Minoans (e) myth surrounding the bull evolved

The Minoans Notes (page 3)

A ____ is a legendary story that ______ ___________ or ____________

A myth is a legendary story that explains natural events or teaches a lesson

Myth of the Minotaur The Minotaur is a monster ________ _______

Myth of the Minotaur The Minotaur is a monster half-man, half-bull

The Minotaur lives in ___________ beside _________________

The Minotaur lives in the Labyrinth beside the Palace of Knossos

(1) Minotaur devours _____________ who are tribute to _________(2) Greek hero ______ tells _________ (his father) he will kill __________ - when he returns he will show a ____ ___ on his ship to show he was successful

(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children who are tribute to the Minoans(2) Greek hero ______ tells _________ (his father) he will kill the Minotaur - when he returns he will show a ____ ___ on his ship to show he was successful

(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children who are tribute to the Minoans(2) Greek hero Theseus tells King Aegeus (his father) he will kill the Minotaur - when he returns he will show a ____ ___ on his ship to show he was successful

(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children who are tribute to the Minoans(2) Greek hero Theseus tells King Aegeus (his father) he will kill the Minotaur - when he returns he will show a white sail on his ship to show he was successful

(3) ________ (King of Minoans) has a daughter ______ who loves Theseus. She helps him kill __________ with ______ and ___________.

(3) King Minos (King of Minoans) has a daughter Ariadne who loves Theseus. She helps him kill the Minotaur with ______ and ___________.

(3) King Minos (King of Minoans) has a daughter Ariadne who loves Theseus. She helps him kill the Minotaur with a sword and a ball of twine.

(4) ______ kills __________ and sails for home - forgets to _______ _______.

(4) Theseus kills the Minotaur and sails for home - forgets to _______ _______.

(4) Theseus kills the Minotaur and sails for home - forgets to raise the white sail.

(5) When _________ sees the ________, he thinks ______ has died he jumps into the sea beside his kingdom of _____ (_________)

(5) When King Aegeus sees the black sails, he thinks Theseus has died he jumps into the sea beside his kingdom of Athens (_________)

(5) When King Aegeus sees the black sails, he thinks Theseus has died he jumps into the sea beside his kingdom of Athens (Aegean Sea)

The myth of the Minotaur explains an event ______________________ _______

The myth also teaches a lesson ____ __________

The myth of the Minotaur explains an event why Minoan civilization came to an end

The myth also teaches a lesson ____ __________

The myth of the Minotaur explains an event why Minoan civilization came to an end

The myth also teaches a lesson keep your promises

More on King Minos According to legend, ________ was a powerful King of _________

Was there really a King Minos?

More on King Minos According to legend, King Minos was a powerful King of the Minoans

Was there really a King Minos?

King Minos is given credit for building the _____________ (1) _____________ has so many rooms, hallways, & passageways, it is like a maze or _______ (likely source of the ____)

King Minos is given credit for building the Palace of Knossos (1) Palace of Knossos has so many rooms, hallways, & passageways, it is like a maze or _______ (likely source of the ____)

King Minos is given credit for building the Palace of Knossos (1) Palace of Knossos has so many rooms, hallways, & passageways, it is like a maze or labyrinth (likely source of the myth)

Todays Big TopicThe Palace at Knossos

1. a) Where did the Minotaur live? b) What was this right next to?

1. a) Where did the Minotaur live? b) What was this right next to?

2. a) Who was the king of Athens? b) Who was the king of Crete?

1. a) Where did the Minotaur live? b) What was this right next to?

2. a) Who was the king of Athens? b) Who was the king of Crete?

3. Who is the hero of the story?

4. What 2 items does Ariadne give the hero to help him?

4. What 2 items does Ariadne give the hero to help him?

5. Why does the king of Athens kill himself?

4. What 2 items does Ariadne give the hero to help him?

5. Why does the king of Athens kill himself?

6. What does the myth of the Minotaur help to explain?

The Minoans Notes (page 4)

The Palace of Knossos Located in the center of ______, the largest city in ancient ____

The Palace of Knossos Located in the center of Knossos, the largest city in ancient Crete

(1) Knossos different from other ancient cities in two ways * ___________________________ _____* _________________________ ____

(1) Knossos different from other ancient cities in two ways * Center of city was a palace, not a temple* _________________________ ____

(1) Knossos different from other ancient cities in two ways * Center of city was a palace, not a temple* City had no walls to protect it Why?

Palace of Knossos ____ (1) _ acres large and ___ stories high

Palace of Knossos huge (1) 5 acres large and 3-5 stories high

Many rooms, corridors and hallways, winding and twisting passageways like a maze or _______!

Many rooms, corridors and hallways, winding and twisting passageways like a maze or labyrinth!

Palace was decorated(1) _______ Water color paintings on wet plaster of walls* covered ____ walls of palace

Palace was decorated(1) frescoes Water color paintings on wet plaster of walls* covered inside walls of palace

(2) ____ head, ____ horns common decorations(3) Double ___ also used to decorate - they were symbols of power!

(2) Bulls head, bulls horns common decorations(3) Double ___ also used to decorate - they were symbols of power!

(2) Bulls head, bulls horns common decorations(3) Double axes also used to decorate - they were symbols of power!

Unique inventions in the palace(1) __________________________ ___________________(2) ________________________ ____

Unique inventions in the palace(1) Drainage system - brought water in and took sewage away(2) ________________________ ____

Unique inventions in the palace(1) Drainage system - brought water in and took sewage away(2) Plumbing - hot and cold running water

Palace was called House of the Double ___ for two reasons(1) word labrys also means double ___(2) pictures of double ____ all over the palace

Palace was called House of the Double Axe for two reasons(1) word labrys also means double ___(2) pictures of double ____ all over the palace

Palace was called House of the Double Axe for two reasons(1) word labrys also means double axe(2) pictures of double axes all over the palace

The Discovery of Knossos

1900 AD - British archeologist _____________ excavated Knossos, Crete

The Discovery of Knossos

1900 AD - British archeologist Sir Arthur Evans excavated Knossos, Crete

(1) discovered clay tablets with a strange script on them called Linear A and Linear BLinear A tabletsLinear B tablets

(a) Linear B is thought to be an old form of Greek writing it has been deciphered, and it can be read

(b) Linear A is thought to be Minoan writing, and it has never been deciphered

The Minoans Notes (page 5)

Minoan Religion Had many gods _________(1) most important - ___________

Minoan Religion Had many gods polytheistic(1) most important - Mother Earth

______ sacred places to worship built in palaces, house tops, and hilltops

Shrines sacred places to worship built in palaces, house tops, and hilltops

Shrines sacred places to worship built in palaces, house tops, and hilltopsWhat do these locations have in common?

What happened to Ancient Cretes power and Civilization?

There are 3 Main Theories

(1) ___________________ * once the _______ was killed, _____ power also died

(1) Mythological Fall Theory * once the _______ was killed, _____ power also died

(1) Mythological Fall Theory * once the Minotaur was killed, Cretan power also died

(2) _______________ * ____________ on island of Thera (70 miles north) in 1645 BC* earthquake, tidal waves, ash, etc.

(2) Natural Fall Theory * ____________ on island of Thera (70 miles north) in 1645 BC* earthquake, tidal waves, ash, etc.

(2) Natural Fall Theory * volcanic eruption on island of Thera (70 miles north) in 1645 BC* earthquake, tidal waves, ash, etc.

(3) _________________* _________ from southern Greece conquered Crete and took control

(3) Historical Fall Theory* _________ from southern Greece conquered Crete and took control

(3) Historical Fall Theory* Mycenaeans from southern Greece conquered Crete and took control