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3/23/2016 1 Welcome to AP Biology Saturday Study Session Ecology Question 1 a Clue: biological magnification Biological Magnification Question 2 d Clue: fungicide Net Primary Production Question 3 c Clue: 10% rule

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Page 1: Question 1 to AP Saturday Session Clue: magnification Ecology · Welcome to AP Biology Saturday Study Session ... behavioral and ... Microsoft PowerPoint - Ecology Presentation and

3/23/2016

1

Welcome to AP BiologySaturday Study Session 

Ecology

Question 1

aClue: biological magnification

Biological Magnification Question 2

dClue: fungicide

Net Primary Production Question 3

cClue: 10% rule

Page 2: Question 1 to AP Saturday Session Clue: magnification Ecology · Welcome to AP Biology Saturday Study Session ... behavioral and ... Microsoft PowerPoint - Ecology Presentation and

3/23/2016

2

Food Chains and the 10% Rule of Energy Energy Flows and Matter Cycles

Microorganismsand other

detritivores

Tertiaryconsumers

Secondaryconsumers

DetritusPrimary consumers

Sun

Primary producers

Heat

Key

Chemical cyclingEnergy flow

Question 4

cClue: new individuals

Ecosystems with little diversity are less resilient to changes in the environment

Question 5

bClue: changes in penguin populations due 

to global climate change

Distribution of Species and Ecosystems CHANGE OVER TIME

Page 3: Question 1 to AP Saturday Session Clue: magnification Ecology · Welcome to AP Biology Saturday Study Session ... behavioral and ... Microsoft PowerPoint - Ecology Presentation and

3/23/2016

3

Question 6

dClue: # of species ↓ without Pisaster

Keystone vs. DominantSpecies

Invasive Species Question 7

bClue: significantly higher primary 

production with Fe

Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and 

maintain organization

Question 8

cClue: bars do not overlap

Page 4: Question 1 to AP Saturday Session Clue: magnification Ecology · Welcome to AP Biology Saturday Study Session ... behavioral and ... Microsoft PowerPoint - Ecology Presentation and

3/23/2016

4

Amount of ATP used by Na+/K+‐ATPase as a function of temperature in (A) foot muscle and (B) hepatopancreas. 

Ramnanan C J , and Storey K B J Exp Biol 2006;209:677-688

©2006 by The Company of Biologists Ltd

Na+/K+‐ATPase consumes lots of cellular ATP in active snails.

Organisms respond to changes in their environment through behavioral and physiological mechanisms.

Question 9

aClue: learned and innate behaviors may 

increase survival

Math Grid In 1 Math Grid In 1

The correct answer: 840 ants/month

Solution:

r N N = 15,000/15 = 1,000

0.9x1,000 , ,, = 840 ants/month

Math Grid In 2

The correct answer: 4.05

Solution:50% of 2.7 x 105 kg/hectare = 1.35 x 105 kg/hectare

1.35 x 105 kg/hectare x 3 hectare = 4.05 x 105 kg 

Give answer to the nearest hundredth of 105 kg = 4.05

In case you are curious: 1 hectare = 10,000 square meters or 2.5 acres

Carbon Cycle

Page 5: Question 1 to AP Saturday Session Clue: magnification Ecology · Welcome to AP Biology Saturday Study Session ... behavioral and ... Microsoft PowerPoint - Ecology Presentation and

3/23/2016

5

Short Free Response 14 points possible

Defines ecological role – 1 pt each Details, mechanism, elaboration – 1 pt each

Parasite • +/‐ interactions.• Limiting factor in host population size.• Selective agent on host species.

• How disease is induced and/or maintained.

• Population control (balance in ecosystems).

Mutualistic symbiont

• +/+ interactions.• Expands niche.• Enhances competitive fitness (may 

confer resistance).

• Implications of specific symbiosis (e.g., availability of nitrogen).

• Maintains normal flora and its benefits.

• Early exposure inducesantibody formation.

Decomposer • Recycles nutrients.• May also be a mutualistic symbiont.• Removes wastes and harmful 

products (pesticides, oil spills).

• Dead organisms and waste as a source of nutrients.

• Steps in nitrogen cycle(details, not duplication).

Nitrogen Cycle

Short Free Response 24 points possible

• 10% rule/not all energy transferred to next level/very little energy transferred to next level/energy becoming lost at each level.

• Explanation of energy loss (e.g., used in metabolism, locomotion, etc.).

• Lost energy as heat/entropy/2nd law illustrated as heat loss or inefficiency.

• Energy pyramid (explained).• More energy at producer level than at consumer levels.• Scarcity of energy at higher trophic levels.• Limited number of consumer levels.• Very few top carnivores.• 1st law illustrates conversion of solar energy to chemical 

energy or conversion of chemical energy to chemical energy (e.g., glucose to ATP).

Long Free Response 

Please see the rubric in the separate folder.

Page 6: Question 1 to AP Saturday Session Clue: magnification Ecology · Welcome to AP Biology Saturday Study Session ... behavioral and ... Microsoft PowerPoint - Ecology Presentation and
Page 7: Question 1 to AP Saturday Session Clue: magnification Ecology · Welcome to AP Biology Saturday Study Session ... behavioral and ... Microsoft PowerPoint - Ecology Presentation and