Quartz

Chemical Bonding

Which substance in nature exist as single atoms?

Atoms seldom exist as independent particles in nature.

Nearly all substances consists of combinations of atoms that are held together by chemical bonds.

O2

CO2

How do these and thousands of other compounds form from the relatively few elements known to exist?

Salt and sugar may look very similar, but they are vastly different kinds of substances.

Salt, NaClIonic bonds

Sugar, C12H12O11

Covalent bonds

The properties of substances are determined in large part by the chemical bonds that hold atoms together.

What determines the type of bonding in a substance?

The electronic structure of the atoms involved.

How do these and thousands of other compounds form from the relatively few elements known to exist?

The electronic structure of the atoms involved.

The valence electrons in an atom are involved in chemical bonding.

The outermost electrons

Valence electrons

There are three types of chemical bonds:

1. Ionic bonds

2. Covalent bonds

3. Metallic bonds

THE END