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CARE AND FEEDINGOF AGING HORSESFrom our Research Farm to Your Barn

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1080 County Road F West, Shoreview, MN 55126800-227-8941 • purinamills.com/horse-feed

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COMMITTED TO MAKING THE BEST POSSIBLE FEEDS

PURINA® FEEDGUARD® NUTRITION SYSTEM

At Purina®, our feeds are fed to hundreds of thousands of animals every day. Animals that rely on us to help them be their best. That’s why our feeds are made with the Purina® FeedGuard® Nutrition System. It’s our satisfaction guarantee that your animals get the consistent, high-quality nutrition they need every day.

• Constant Nutrition® Formulation: The actual nutrition in any type of ingredient can vary for countless reasons, so we formulated our feed for optimal nutrition instead of by individual ingredients.

• Top Quality Ingredients: We source only the best ingredients and only purchase those that meet our stringent quality standards. In fact, every year, thousands of tons of ingredients that don’t meet our strict nutritional standards are sent away.

• Perfected At The Mill: We use near infrared reflectance (NIR) technology to measure—and compensate—for the actual nutrient levels in ingredients at many of our mills. Not at a far-off supplier or in a random lab.

• Satisfaction Guaranteed: We stand behind every bag of feed we sell. If any bag of Purina® feed you buy fails to meet your expectations, we’ll give you your money back.

Purina® FeedGuard® Nutrition System is our assurance that Purina® Feed can give your animals the nutrition they need to be their best.

Today, after more than a century of experience,

horse owners can still depend on solid and

consistent nutrition from our most innovative,

highest value products available. It’s our tradition

of industry leadership, and it starts with research.

The 1,188-acre Purina Animal Nutrition Center

in Gray Summit, Missouri opened in 1926, and

is the only one of its kind in the industry today.

Our Ph.D. Equine Nutritionists play a critical role

in our commitment to research in developing the

highest performing diets possible for horses. And

this research allows us to continue developing

state-of-the-art nutritional products in a way

no other feed company does. Our products are

unique. We use high quality ingredients that are

designed to deliver the performance, health and

happiness your horses deserve.

FROM OUR RESEARCH FARM TO YOUR BARN

32

Horses are living longer and healthier lives

thanks in part to improved management and

nutrition programs. As these equine family

members reach their geriatric years, it is

important to understand some of the changes

that are occurring and adjust care and feeding

programs accordingly. There is no specific age

or date that indicates when a horse becomes

“old”. Their nutritional needs are a function of

the teeth and capability of the digestive tract.

When the horse no longer physically brings in and

effectively chews enough roughage to satisfy the

1% body weight per day minimum, the horse’s

condition will drop markedly without proper

supplementation. It is a common misconception

that the forage (hay and grazing) portion of the

horse’s diet is simply to keep the horse busy.

However, fiber from the forage is vital to the

health of the horse. Therefore, it is imperative to

provide a diet including usable fiber sources as

needed for your senior horse.

CARE AND FEEDINGOF AGING HORSES

54

It takes special care and proper nutrition to maintain optimal health of your aging horse. A well thought-out management program is essential to keeping your senior companion more comfortable and active. This includes regular preventative veterinary care, proper exercise and other management precautions depending on the age, physical condition and health of your horse.

VETERINARY CAREYour veterinarian knows about the special needs and unique problems of aging horses. Regular visits by your veterinarian become extremely important as a horse ages. A suggested preventative veterinary care program includes:• Yearly blood profile for kidney and liver function.

• Regular dental checkups at least once a year, twice a year if over age 20 or with poor teeth.

• Routine vaccinations and deworming program.

• Orthopedic examination for muscle or skeletal problems.

• Quick attention to any injuries or signs of illness.

Please contact your local veterinarian to learn more about caring for the health of your aging horse.

DENTAL PROBLEMSHorses often develop dental problems as they grow older. This, along with reduced saliva production, can prevent older horses from properly chewing and moistening their feed/hay which may impede swallowing and digestion. Clues your horses may have a dental problem include weight loss, spilled or dropped feed, wads of partially chewed hay dropping from the mouth (quidding), or undigested grain in the manure. Regular dental checkups are recommended at least twice a year in order to help address these issues.

Purina® Equine Senior® horse feed is designed to deliver critical nutrients your older horse needs. And, with its special blend of fiber sources, Purina® Equine Senior® horse feed can replace all or some of the hay/pasture in the diet. If your older horse cannot eat hay or is having trouble digesting his meals, this formula may help. Purina® Equine Senior® is a pelleted feed that is easy to chew and our Easy-Soak™ Pellet Technology allows you to create an easy to swallow mash with warm water in only five minutes. Purina® Equine Senior® horse feed provides the nutrition and the roughage your older horse requires, and horses love the taste.

DIGESTIVE DISORDERSPoor digestion is a major concern in older horses. As horses age, there may be a reduction in saliva production as well as reduced absorption of nutrients from the digestive tract, making it difficult to properly digest high bulk feeds such as hay and whole grains.

Equine Senior® horse feeds contain digestible, high-quality ingredients and are therefore easily absorbed in the digestive tract. The special blends of fiber sources help maintain the senior horse’s body condition and aid in normal digestive function.

Management Tips• If possible, feed older horses separately so that they can eat

undisturbed at their own pace.

• Any changes to the horses’ diet should be made gradually.

• Slow a greedy eater by placing large, rounded stones or salt blocks in feed container and by spreading feed out in a larger trough.

• Feed frequent, smaller meals (at least 2-3 times a day).

• When feeding hay use good quality, leafy, early cutting hay. It is nutritious, easy to chew and won’t unduly tax the digestive system.

POOR HAIR COATHair coat quality and skin condition often decline in aging horses, becoming dry, shaggy and dull. The patented high fat Purina® Amplify® Nugget contains a proprietary blend of plant oils, flax seed, and rice bran for an optimal fatty acid profile. Through the balanced nutrition and fatty acid profile, Equine Senior® horse feeds support healthier coats, skin and hooves.

RENAL, BONE AND MUSCLE HEALTH Horses are somewhat unique in that they excrete excess calcium from the body via the kidneys. As horses get older, excessive calcium intake can put undue stress on the renal system. Additionally, older horses may be less capable of absorbing phosphorus from the intestinal track, making it difficult to maintain balanced calcium and phosphorus levels in bone. Purina® Equine Senior® horse feed is designed to provide calcium and phosphorus at an optimal level and ratio to minimize these effects of aging. In addition, supporting healthy muscle requires the right balance of amino acids. Poor intestinal absorption of amino acids by older horses can make it more difficult to maintain healthy muscle mass.

CARE AND FEEDING OF AGING HORSES

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Purina® Equine Senior® horse feed contains optimal levels of protein, calcium, phosphorus, vitamins and trace minerals that are required by the senior horse to help maintain bones and minerals, as well as minimize stress on the kidneys.

Management Tips• Avoid obesity and heavy loads because extra weight burdens

aging joints, tendons and ligaments. Overweight horses may also be prone to laminitis.

• Provide routine hoof care every 6–8 weeks.

• Light to moderate workouts at least four times a week are recommended to keep your horse limber and fit. Avoid fast changes in exercise type, duration or intensity. Exercise on softer surfaces such as grass or light sandy soil.

RESPIRATORY PROBLEMSMany horses suffer respiratory problems as they grow older. These respiratory diseases can be exacerbated by dust from grains and hay. Purina® Equine Senior® horse feed is designed to be less dusty than whole grain products. Water can be added to Purina® Equine Senior® to make a convenient mash. Additionally, Purina® Equine Senior® can be fed as a complete ration eliminating the need to expose horses with respiratory challenges to hay.

Management Tips• Avoid excessive exercise.

• Keep pasture mowed and free of pollen producing weeds.

• Do not use dusty bedding.

• Replace potentially dusty, moldy hay with Purina® Equine Senior® to provide all your horse’s feed and forage needs.

• Consult your veterinarian for accurate diagnosis and treatment options for respiratory issues.

INCREASED BLOOD SUGARSome older horses suffer from elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) due to Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) and/or Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID). Hyperglycemia may be exacerbated by the nonstructural carbohydrates found in grain diets, suggesting a need for a higher fat and higher digestible fiber diet. Purina® Equine Senior® horse feeds have more calories from fat, less from sugar to help provide a diet lower in non-structural carbohydrates that may help aging horses with difficulty managing blood sugar levels.

DECLINING BODY CONDITIONAs a horse ages, its metabolism often changes.

Older horses usually fall into one of two categories:• Easy Keepers – Reduced metabolism and activity result

in excessive weight gain that can be hazardous to the horse’s health.

• Hard Keepers – Loss of body weight, condition, and muscle mass caused by reduced digestive efficiency and medical problems affecting metabolic rates.

See body condition chart on page 10.

CARE AND FEEDING OF AGING HORSES

98

Energy is sometimes the most difficult nutrient requirement to meet in equine diets. Energy is the nutrient that allows the horse to maintain the optimal body condition for performance, reproduction or growth. In the diet, digestible energy (DE) is measured in megacalories (Mcal) or kilocalories (kcal). The body condition scoring system is an effective way to monitor the horse’s energy status.

The level of condition that a horse possesses is determined by visual inspection and by the amount of palpable fat in the areas of the neck, along the withers, down the back, around the tailhead, over the ribs and behind the shoulder (see illustration on page 10). Body condition scores range from 1 to 9, with 1 being extremely emaciated and 9 being extremely fat. The ideal body condition score is between 5 and 6.5, depending on the lifestyle of the horse. A description of the condition score system is given in the chart on page 10.

The major nutrient that determines fatness in horses, as well as other species, is dietary energy intake. Digestible energy (DE) requirements are determined by the type of work or status of a horse. Energy balance is extremely important in the maintenance of a moderate level of body condition, or a condition score of 5 (up to 6.5 in broodmares).

Positive energy balance (when intake exceeds the requirements for DE) results in deposition of fat in the previously mentioned areas on the horse. Zero energy balance (when intake equals the requirements for DE) results in maintenance of body weight and body condition. Negative energy balance (when the requirements for DE exceed intake) results in mobilization of fat reserves in the body for use as a source of energy. Therefore, the horse loses weight and becomes thinner because of the inadequate DE intake.

The optimal body condition varies between classes of horses. Broodmares maintained at a body condition score of 5 to 6.5 are more reproductively efficient in terms of conception rates, cycles per conception and maintenance of pregnancy. Exercising horses at a moderate level of body condition (condition score 5 to 6) may perform and recover from work more efficiently than horses in a thinner condition (condition score 4 or lower).

Energy is supplied by three different sources, carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Carbohydrates include sugars and starch (soluble carbohydrates) primarily from feed grain, and fibers primarily from forages (although grains also contain fiber, and forages may contain high levels of soluble carbohydrates), and are readily used as a source of energy by horses. Protein is not an efficient source of energy for a horse. Therefore, adding protein to an already adequate diet will not benefit a performance horse.

One possible way to increase energy in the diet is to include fat in the ration. This reduces the dependence on high levels of soluble carbohydrates to supply enough dietary energy to maintain proper body condition. By using fat-supplemented rations, horses can usually be fed to meet their energy requirements with a lesser amount of feed, because fat is 2.25 times as energy dense as carbohydrates or protein.

NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF ACTIVE AGING HORSES

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BODY CONDITION SCORING1. POOR Extremely emaciated. Spinous processes, ribs, tailhead, hip joints, and lower pelvic bones project prominently; bone in withers, shoulders and neck are easily noticed. No fatty tissue can be felt.

2. VERY THIN Emaciated. Slight fat covers base of spinous processes, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae feel rounded. Spinous processes, ribs, tailhead, hip joints, and lower pelvic bones are prominent. Withers, shoulders and neck structure faintly discernable.

3. THIN Fat buildup about halfway on spinous processes. Transverse processes cannot be felt. Slight fat covers ribs. Spinous processes and ribs easily discernable; tailhead prominent but individual vertebrae cannot be identified visually. Hip joints appear rounded but easily discernable; lower pelvic bones not distinguishable. Withers, shoulders and neck accentuated.

4. MODERATELY THIN Slight ridge along back. Faint outline of ribs discernable. Tailhead prominence depends on conformation, but fat can be felt around it. Hip joints not discernable. Withers, shoulders and neck not obviously thin.

A. Along the neckB. Along the withersC. Crease down back

D. TailheadE. RibsF. Behind shoulder

5. MODERATE Back is flat; ribs easily felt, but not visually distinguishable. Fat around tailhead feels a bit spongy. Withers round over spinous processes; shoulders and neck blend smoothly into body.

6. MODERATELY FLESHY May have slight crease down back. Fat over ribs spongy; fat around tailhead soft. Small fat deposits behind shoulders and along sides of neck and withers.

7. FLESHY Might have slight crease down back. Individual ribs can be

felt, but noticeable filling between ribs with fat. Fat around tailhead soft; fat deposited along withers, behind shoulders and along neck.

8. FAT Crease down back. Difficult to feel ribs. Fat around tailhead very soft; area along withers filled with fat. Area behind shoulder filled with fat, noticeable thickening of neck. Fat deposited along inner thighs.

9. EXTREMELY FAT Obvious crease down back. Patchy fat appears over ribs. Bulging fat around tailhead, along withers, behind shoulders and along neck. Fat along inner thighs may rub together. Flank filled with fat.

BODY CONDITION SCORING Body condition influences everything in your horse’s life, from reproductive efficiency, to performance, to good health. By using Body Condition Scoring, you can find out what kind of shape your horse is in, and work to improve the score. Scoring focuses on critical areas of the body, based on palpable fat and visual appearance.

IDEAL SCORES Most horses, including performance horses and growing horses, should be in a body score of 5-6. For optimum reproductive efficiency, broodmares should be a 5-7, and not allowed to lose condition such that they are below a 5 during breeding season.

Horses over a condition score of 7 may be at a greater risk for developing metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance.

HOW TO USE YOUR WEIGHT TAPE

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Stand horse square

Snug up the tape

Place tape around the heartgirth

Read the number to get the weight

Henneke, D.R., G.D. Potter, J.L. Kreider, and B.F. Yeates. 1983. “Relationship between condition score, physical measurement, and body fat percentage in mares.” Eq. Vet. J. 15:371-372.

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DIGESTIBLE ENERGY REQUIREMENTS

(TOTAL KCAL/DAY) FOR HORSES AT VARIOUS BODY WEIGHTS AT Light, Moderate, Heavy, and Very Heavy Workloads

Weight (lb.) Light Moderate Heavy Very Heavy

800 14,500 17,000 19,400 25,100

1,000 18,200 21,200 24,200 31,400

1,200 21,800 25,400 29,100 37,600

Adapted from NRC (2007)

The following calculations illustrate how the calorie content of a diet can be calculated and related to horse’s workload:

Example: 1,000 lb. horse, eating 12 lbs. of grass hay and 9 lbs. of a feed containing 1,300 kcal/lb. of digestible energy (DE)*. Average DE value for grass hay is 800 kcal/lb., and 900 kcal/lb. for alfalfa hay. (To provide the most accurate values for hay, it is recommended to have your hay analyzed.)

Hay: 12 lb. x 800 kcal/lb. = 9,600 kcal from hay

Feed: 9 lb. x 1,300 kcal/lb. = 11,700 kcal from feed

Total intake = 21,300 kcal/day

Go to the DE requirement chart and determine that this diet will furnish the calories required for moderate work.

PROTEINProtein is a necessary nutrient for growth and repair of body tissues. Proteins are composed of amino acids, which are the building blocks for proteins in muscle, enzymes, blood, skin and other tissues throughout the body. The quality (amino acid profile) of the protein source is important, as some amino acids cannot be manufactured in the body and must be supplied through the diet. Older horses may require higher levels of high quality protein to meet their amino acid requirements.

HOW HARD IS MY HORSE WORKING?

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MINERALSMinerals are involved in the formation of structural components in the body, muscle contraction and energy transfer. Some minerals are also integral parts of amino acids, vitamins and hormones. Calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) are two macrominerals of great importance in the equine diet. Horses require calcium and phosphorus in relatively large amounts for bone growth, maintenance and repair, as well as many additional body functions. Deficiencies in calcium and/or phosphorus may cause bone disorders in young as well as adult horses.

The ratio of calcium to phosphorus in the horse’s diet is also important. Horses must receive diets that contain at least as much calcium as phosphorus or at least a 1:1 ratio of Ca:P. The ideal Ca:P ration is approximately 2:1, but most horses can tolerate a 3:1 or even higher ratio, provided that the total phosphorus content of the diet is adequate. Diets containing inverted Ca:P ratios can contribute to weak bones and lameness in the horse.

Other important macro minerals include sodium, chloride, potassium, magnesium and sulfur. Essential trace minerals include copper, zinc, selenium, iodine, iron, manganese and cobalt. The safest way to ensure that the horse is receiving adequate amounts of minerals in proper balance is to feed rations scientifically formulated by professional equine nutritionists.

VITAMINSVitamins are required by the horse in small amounts to help utilize nutrients for growth, maintenance, reproduction and performance. Vitamins are divided into two categories:

Fat Soluble – Vitamins A, D, E & K• Vitamin A is essential for energy metabolism, vision,

reproduction, growth, and blood and bone function.

• Vitamin D is necessary for proper bone formulation, as well as calcium and phosphorus utilization.

• Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, and assists in protection and repair of muscle tissue.

• Vitamin K is an important component in blood clotting mechanisms.

Water Soluble – B-Vitamins and Vitamin C• B-complex Vitamins – Thiamin (B1), riboflavin and other

B-vitamins play many important roles in equine metabolism and performance, from acting as essential components in energy metabolism to enhancing hoof growth and strength.

• Vitamin C is a component in general metabolism, iron absorption and blood cell formation.

PASTUREHigh quality pasture and forages are rich sources of vitamins, and some vitamins are synthesized in the liver while others are created by microbial fermentation in the horse’s large intestine. However, mature forage and hay that has been stored for an extended period of time loses much of its vitamin content, and microbial synthesis may not be adequate to meet all the horse’s vitamin needs.

Older horses may have increased requirements of some vitamins. Therefore, feeds containing adequate amounts of required vitamins are helpful in ensuring nutrient requirements are met.

NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF ACTIVE AGING HORSES

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The #1 veterinarian-recommended senior horse feed. Specially formulated for the nutritional needs of older horses.

EQUINE SENIOR® HORSE FEED

THE SCIENCE: ADDRESSING THE UNIQUE NEEDS OF SENIOR HORSESResearch studies in 20095 with a large population of senior horses demonstrated that Equine Senior® feed helped horses that had previously lost body condition to gain weight at a rate of 0.55kg/day. Blood analyses also showed that feeding Equine Senior® feed improved hemoglobin and red blood cell counts. For more information on our research, visit purinamills.com/horse-feed.

**Based on “Nutrient Requirements of Horses Sixth Revised Edition–2007” published by the National Research Council

* Add 5 quarts warm water (100° F) to every 6 pounds of feed.

5Gordon ME, Breuer LH, Jerina ML, 2009. “Effects of Feeds Formulated for Aged Horses on Weight Gains, Body Condition Scores and Blood Analyses.” HR-47 Purina Animal Nutrition Field Trials.

Crude Protein (min) ............14.00%

Lysine (min) .........................0.70%

Methionine (min) ..................0.18%

Threonine (min) .................. 0.40%

Crude Fat (min) ................... 5.50%

Crude Fiber (max) ............. 18.00%

Starch (max). .....................12.00%

Sugars (max) .......................7.00%

Calcium (Ca) (min) .............. 0.50%

Calcium (Ca) (max)...............1.00%

Phosphorus (P) (min) ........... 0.40%

Magnesium (Mg) ..................0.33%

Potassium (K) (min) .............1.60%

Sodium (Na) (min) ...............0.24%

Chloride (Cl) (min) ................0.54%

Sulfur (S) (min) ....................0.23%

Cobalt (Co) (min) .............0.60 ppm

Copper (Cu) (min)..........55.00 ppm

Iodine (I) (min) ................3.30 ppm

Iron (Fe) (min) .............220.00 ppm

Manganese (Mn) (min) 220.00 ppm

Selenium (Se) (Min) ........0.30 ppm

Zinc (Zn) (min) ............220.00 ppm

Vitamin A (min) ............ 3,500 IU/lb

Vitamin D (min) ............... 700 IU/lb

Vitamin E (min) ................140 IU/lb

Vitamin C (min) .........226.00 mg/lb

Thiamin (min) ............. 11.34 mg/lb

Riboflavin (min)............. 9.07 mg/lb

NUTRIENT COMPOSITION:

FORMULATED FOR: Older horses, especially those that may be losing weight due to poor nutrient absorption or dental problems.

KEY FEATURES:• Forage Built In to completely or partially replace the hay or

pasture in the horse’s diet when dental problems prevent them from eating forage.

• #1 Veterinarian Recommended Senior Horse Feed. Four out of five Equine Veterinarians recommend Purina’s Equine Senior® horse feed to their clients with senior horses, according to an independent study conducted in November 2012.

• Exclusive ActivAge™ Prebiotic was scientifically studied in senior horses to support optimal function of the aging immune system. (see page 20 for more on ActivAge™ prebiotic)

• Purina® Amplify® High-Fat Nugget with a proprietary blend of vegetable oils, flax seed and rice bran for weight maintenance, shine and bloom. (see page 21 for more on Amplify® Nugget)

• Easy to Chew with Easy-soak™ pellet technology that creates a mash in 5 minutes with warm water,* breaking down the pellet quickly to make it easy to chew and swallow for horses with dental problems.

ADDITIONAL INGREDIENTS & BENEFITS: • Highly Digestible and scientifically formulated with a blend

of fiber sources including beet pulp and top quality hay to help maintain the senior horse’s body condition and support normal digestive function.

• Controlled Starch and Sugar and formulated to provide a diet lower in nonstructural carbohydrates that may be suitable for aging horses with carbohydrate sensitivities.

• Vitamin & Mineral Fortification designed to meet the specific nutritional needs of senior horses to support immune function and overall health when fed as directed.**

• Highly Palatable with Less Sugar from a unique blend of molasses and soy oil for a higher fat, lower sugar molasses to encourage optimal intake.

• Added Antioxidants including Vitamin E to provide additional support for a healthy immune system.

Formulated With

HIGH-FAT SUPPLEMENT

1918

A concentrate to be fed with hay or forage for the healthy, active lifestyle of your senior horse.

EQUINE SENIOR® ACTIVE HORSE FEED

*Based on “Nutrient Requirements of Horses Sixth Revised Edition–2007” published by the National Research Council

NUTRIENT COMPOSITIONCrude Protein (min) .............14.00%

Lysine (min) ......................... 0.90%

Methionine (min) ...................0.25%

Threonine (min) ................... 0.40%

Crude Fat (min) ...................10.00%

Crude Fiber (max) .............. 18.00%

Starch (max) ........................ 9.00%

Sugars (max) ........................7.00%

Calcium (Ca) (min) ................0.95%

Calcium (Ca) (max)................1.45%

Phosphorus (P) (min) ............ 0.60%

Magnesium (Mg) (min) ..........0.75%

Potassium (K) (min) ..............0.75%

Sodium (Na) (min) ................0.24%

Chloride (Cl) (min) .................0.54%

Sulfur (S) (min) .................... 0.23%

Cobalt (Co) (min) ..............0.55 ppm

Copper (Cu) (min)...........80.00 ppm

Iodine (I) (min) .................3.00 ppm

Iron (Fe) (min) ..............200.00 ppm

Manganese (Mn) (min)....200.00 ppm

Selenium (Se) (min) .........0.60 ppm

Zinc (Zn) (min) .............280.00 ppm

Vitamin A (min) ............. 3,000 IU/lb

Vitamin D (min) ................ 800 IU/lb

Vitamin E (min) ................ 125 IU/lb

Thiamin (min) ................6.35 mg/lb

Riboflavin (min).............. 2.49 mg/lb

FORMULATED FORFormulated for the healthy, active lifestyle of the aging horse that can chew and digest hay or pasture.

FEATURES & BENEFITS• Exclusive ActivAge™ Prebiotic is scientifically studied in

senior horses to support optimal function of the aging immune system. (see page 20 for more on ActivAge™ prebiotic)

• Purina® Amplify® High-Fat Nugget with a proprietary blend of vegetable oils, flax seed and rice bran for weight maintenance, shine and bloom. (see page 21 for more on

Amplify® Nugget)

• Controlled Starch and Sugar and formulated to provide a diet lower in nonstructural carbohydrates that may be suitable for aging horses with carbohydrate sensitivities.

• Vitamin & Mineral Fortification designed to meet the specific nutritional needs of senior horses to support immune function and overall health when fed as directed.*

• Highly Digestible and scientifically formulated with a blend of fiber sources including loose beet pulp helps maintain the senior horse’s body condition and support normal digestive function.

• Added Antioxidants including Vitamin E to provide additional support for a healthy immune system.

• Multiple Energy Sources with more calories from fat, less from sugar to provide a diet lower in nonstructural carbohydrates to help aging horses with difficulty managing blood sugar levels.

• High-Quality Proteins to support muscle maintenance and repair, healthy coat and hooves.

• Concentrate Feed designed to be fed with hay or pasture.

Formulated With

HIGH-FAT SUPPLEMENT

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20

PROPRIETARY ACTIVAGE™ PREBIOTIC: IMMUNE SUPPORTIn a series of experiments completed in 2014, conducted by Purina Animal Nutrition in collaboration with the Gluck Equine Research Center at the University of Kentucky, senior horses were fed either current Equine Senior® (control) or Equine Senior® feed supplemented with ActivAge™ prebiotic and administered an influenza vaccine. Results show that horses fed ActivAge™ prebiotic demonstrated a significantly greater increase in influenza antibodies following vaccination vs. control horses (Figure 1), which is one of the markers of a healthy immune response.

To learn more about the research behind ActivAge™ prebiotic visit our website at www.purinamills.com/horse-feed

PROPRIETARY AMPLIFY® HIGH-FAT NUGGET:PALATABILITY OF FAT High levels of fat can affect the palatability of horse feeds, so delivering optimal palatability is crucial for encouraging intake. The Amplify® Nugget has been scientifically formulated with rice bran, flaxseed and vegetable oils for an optimal fatty acid profile and nutritional balance while maintaining strong palatability. Trials at the Purina Animal Nutrition Center showed significantly higher palatability for Amplify® Nugget, compared to top-dressed liquid oil.

To learn more about the Purina® Amplify® Nugget visit our web site at www.purinamills.com/horse-feed.

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FIGURE 2: TNF-a LEVELS AT THE BEGINNING AND END OF THE STUDY

Equine Senior®

Equine Senior® with ActivAge™

FIGURE 1: CHANGE IN IMMUNE RESPONSE FOLLOWING VACCINATION

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AMPLIFY® SUPPLEMENT VS. LIQUID OIL

Amplify® (454g) Liquid Oil (226g)

*

*P = 0.0039

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HR 161, Purina Animal NutritionCenter H-1, 2012

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*Equine Senior®

day 86 > day 0 P<0.05

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FIGURE 2: TNF-a LEVELS AT THE BEGINNING AND END OF THE STUDY

Equine Senior®

Equine Senior® with ActivAge™

FIGURE 1: CHANGE IN IMMUNE RESPONSE FOLLOWING VACCINATION

*P<0.05Equine Senior® Equine Senior®

with ActivAge™

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(EU

/ml)

AMPLIFY® SUPPLEMENT VS. LIQUID OIL

Amplify® (454g) Liquid Oil (226g)

*

*P = 0.0039

1.94 lbs

1.22 lbs

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

Feed

In

take in

a 1

0 m

in. p

eri

od

(lb

s)

Amplify® or liquid oil were top-dressed on 3 lbs of Strategy® GX Horse Feed, with amounts calculated to deliver similar calories

HR 161, Purina Animal NutritionCenter H-1, 2012

% T

NF

-a

Day 0 Day 86

*Equine Senior®

day 86 > day 0 P<0.05

HIGH-FAT SUPPLEMENT

Purina® Amplify® Nugget