psych 150- handout

7/23/2019 Psych 150- Handout

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PSYCH 150-WEG

Emerging Personality Theories

Aguilar, Burgos, Dela Cuesta, Rico

I. CYBERSPACE PSYCHOLOGY / THE PSYCHOLOGY OF CYBERSPACE

A. Brief History

o!" S#$er

- Born on January 17, 1955.

- re! u" in #ong $slan%

- Recei&e% 'achelor(s %egree in "sychology )rom the *tate +ni&ersity o) e! -or at *tony Broo

in 1977

- Doctorate in Clinical Psychology )rom the *tate +ni&ersity o) e! -or at Bu))alo in 19/0

- e is the %e"artment s"ecialist in "sychothera"y an% "sycho"athology at Ri%er +ni&ersity.

- Pu'lishe% !i%ely on to"ics relate% to eastern "hiloso"hy, "sychothera"y, an% cy'ers"ace

inclu%ing his groun%'reaing !or 2The Psychology o) Cy'ers"ace3, one o) the )irst an% most

!i%ely cite% online hy"erte4t 'oos.- arrie% to De'ra 6innegan*uler, also a clinical "sychologist, an% has t!o %aughters, Asia an%

8ira.

B. T!eory

1 Psychological 6eatures o) Cy'ers"ace

1. Re%uce% *ensations : Cy'ers"ace en&ironment greatly a))ects ho! "eo"le 'eha&e an%

relationshi"s that %e&elo" among those "eo"le.0. Te4ting : A "o!er)ul )orm o) sel)e4"ression an% inter"ersonal relating %es"ite re%uce% sensory

;uality o) te4t communication.


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'. Asynchronous communication : %oes not re;uire "eo"le to interact !ith each other in the

moment


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'y acno!le%ging it !ithin the )ull conte4t o) !ho they 2really3 are. hen acting out hostile

)eelings, the "erson %oesn(t ha&e to tae res"onsi'ility )or those actions.

0. -ou can(t see me . *ee you later


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1. Psycho"athic . *chioi%


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Biogra"hy o) Da&i% Buss

Da&i% Buss !as 'orn A"ril 1, 195> in $n%iana"olis $n%iana to Arnol% . Buss, *r. an% E%ith olte.

Arnol% . Buss *r. earne% his PhD in Psychology )rom $n%iana +ni&ersity in the early 195s an% !as

a "ro)essor o) "sychology at the +ni&ersity o) Pitts'urgh, Rutgers, an% )inally the +ni&ersity o)

Te4as, !here he is currently Pro)essor Emeritus. Arnol% Buss( research )ocuse% on aggression,

"sycho"athology, sel)consciousness, an% social an4iety.

B. T!eory

Princi"les o) E&olutionary Psychology

Charles Dar!in an% er'ert *"encer !ere the )irst thiners to argue )or an e&olutionary

"ers"ecti&e o) "sychological thought an% 'eha&ior. The term e&olutionary "sychology can 'e %e)ine%

as the scienti)ic stu%y o) human thought an% 'eha&ior )rom an e&olutionary "ers"ecti&e an% )ocuses

on )our 'ig ;uestions


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"ers"ecti&e. E&olution occurs )rom the interaction 'et!een a%a"tations an% in"ut )rom the

en&ironment that triggers the a%a"tations. ore generally, the %isco&ery o) e"igenetics is an e&en

more "o!er)ul e4am"le o) ho! genetic in)luence is not set in stone at the moment o) conce"tion an%

interacts !ith in"ut )rom the en&ironment. Ei2e"eti(sis change in gene )unction that %oes not

in&ol&e changes in DA.

Relate% Research

The e&olutionary mo%el o) "ersonality cannot 'e teste% %irectly in so )ar as !e cannot con%uct

stu%ies o&er hun%re%s o) generations. An% yet, ust lie in 'iology, there is much su""ort )or the

e&olutionary 'asis o) human "ersonality, !hich can 'e %i&i%e% into at least three general to"ics?

tem"erament, genetics, an% animal "ersonality. All three lines o) e&i%ence su""ort the &ie! that

"ersonality has a 'iological 'asis an% that these 'iological systems ha&e e&ol&e%.

C. E%&$#&tio" ' Co"($#sio"

Criti;ue o) E&olutionary Theory o) Personality

E&olutionary "sychology in general an% e&olutionary "ersonality "sychology in "articular

ha&e stimulate% a lot o) contro&ersy 'ut also a relati&ely large body of empirical research. The )iel%

has its o!n scienti)ic society


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A. Brief History

4&rti" Se$i2&"

o Born in Al'any, e! -or @ an% Ph.D., onoris causa, +ni&ersity o) East #on%on, 0.+ni&ersity o)

Pennsyl&ania(s Director o) Positi&e Psychology Center

o Among his 'etterno!n !ors are 6lourish, Authentic a""iness, #earne% G"timism, The

G"timistic Chil%, el"lessness, an% A'normal Psychology. is 'oo Character *trengths an%

Lirtues? A han%'oo an% classi)ication, !as coauthore% !ith Christo"her Peterson.

Disco&ery o) #earne% el"lessness

*eligman %isco&ere% hel"lessness 'y acci%ent !hilst stu%ying the e))ects o) inesca"a'le shoc on

acti&e a&oi%ance learning in %ogs.

B. T!eory

Str#(t#re &" Pro(ess

- #earne% el"lessness is a 2con%ition resulting )rom the "erce"tion that !e ha&e no control o&er

our en&ironment. This !as "ro&en 'y countless e4"eriments inclu%ing )or the el%erly an%

animals3

-#earne% hel"lessness e4"laine% a lot o) things, 'ut then researchers 'egan to )in% e4ce"tions, o)

"eo"le !ho %i% not get %e"resse%, e&en a)ter many 'a% li)e e4"eriences. *eligman %isco&ere%

that a %e"resse% "erson thought a'out the 'a% e&ent in more "essimistic !ays than a non

%e"resse% "erson. e calle% this thining #Explanatory $tyle%

E4"lanatory *tyle

&ptimistic: "re&ents learne% hel"lessness@ "eo"le !ith this style ten% to 'e healthier than

"essimistic

Pessimistic: s"rea%s hel"lessness to all )acets o) li)e@ 'elie&e that their actions are o) little

conse;uence

Attri'ution o%el? Three Dimensions

Personaliation? internal &s. e4ternal

Per&asi&eness? s"eci)ic &s. uni&ersal

Permanence? tem"orary &s. "ermanent

&ptimistsattri'ute )ailure to e4ternal, unsta'le, an% s"eci)ic causes !hilepessimistsattri'ute

)ailure to internal, sta'le, an% glo'al causes


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Grot! &" ,e%e$oe"t

$n)ancy? 2$n)ants are more "rone to learne% hel"lessness an% it a))ects the gro!th o) an

in%i&i%ual. During )ormati&e years, !e ten% to 'e more "essimistic in e4"lanatory style since in)ants

generally 'egin in a state o) total hel"lessness.

$n)ants )orm association 'et!een res"onses an% outcomes


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o! to 'e o"timism a'out the )utureI Ans!er? outloo o) ho"e an% o"timism

o! to achie&e ha""iness in the "resentI Ans!er? 'reaing ha'ituation, sa&oring e4"eriences an% using

min%)ulness as !ays to increase ha""iness in the "resent

T!e Goo Life7 Eoyi"2 )irt#es &" C#$ti%&ti"2 Stre"2t!s

Lirtues? is%om N 8no!le%ge, Courage, #o&e an% umanity, Justice, Tem"erance, *"irituality NTranscen%ence

*trengths 8 6or *eligman, the strengths are the 2route3 through !e achie&e &irtues in our li)e.

*eligman sees the healthy e4ercise an% %e&elo"ment o) strengths an% &irtues as a ey to the goo%

li)e : a li)e in !hich one uses one(s 2signature strengths e&ery %ay in the main realms o) your li)e to

'ring a'un%ant grati)ication an% authentic ha""iness.3 The goo% li)e is a "lace o) ha""iness, goo%

relationshi"s an% !or, an% )rom this "oint, *eligman encourages "eo"le to go )urther to see a

meaning)ul li)e in the continual ;uest )or ha""iness

psych 150- handout

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