psk 4u - mrs. wilson's web pageedhswilson.weebly.com/uploads/5/6/1/3/5613731/chapter_1.pdf ·...

PSK 4U

What Is Kinesiology?

© 2015 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2

~ ~ ~

Kinesiology is the

systematic study of

the physiological,

psychological, and

sociological aspects

of human movement

and how it can be

optimized.

•The study of human movement

pg24

Other Names for Kinesiology


The field of study, research, and professional

practice known as “Kinesiology” is

sometimes referred to by related names,

such as:

•Exercise Science

•Physical Education

•Sport Science (or Sport Studies)

•Human Kinetics

pg24

Introductory Kinesiology


This course focusses on the study of:

•History of Sport

•Business of Sport

•Sport Ethics

•Anatomy

•Physiology

•Human Growth and Development

•Motor Learning

•Biomechanics

•Nutrition and Sport

•Training and Sport

COURSE TEXTBOOK

KINESIOLOGYAN INTRODUCTION TO EXERCISE SCIENCE


Unit 1

Society, Physical Activity, and Sport

2. The History of Physical Activity and Sport

3. Business, Physical Activity, and Sport

4. Ethical Issues, Physical Activity, and Sport

Unit 2Anatomy and Physiology

5. The Skeletal & Articular Systems

6. The Muscular System

7. Energy Systems & Physical Activity

8. The Cardiovascular & Respiratory Systems


Unit 3

Human Performance and Biomechanics

9. Human Growth and Development

10.Motor Learning & Skill Acquisition

11.Biomechanical Theory and Concepts

12.Seven Principles of Biomechanics

13.Analyzing the Efficiency of Human Movement

Unit 4

Nutrition, Training, and Ergogenic Aids

14.Nutrition for Human Performance

15.Training and Human Performance

16.Ergogenic Substances and Techniques


University of WindsorHonours Bachelor of Human

Kinetics

Admission Requirements:

•Minimum grade of 70% in Grade

12U Biology

•Minimum grade of 70% in Grade

12U English

•Minimum average of approx.

78% in top six Grade 12 U

courses

Specialize in one of two honours

Majors: Movement Science and

Sport Management

Ist Year HK Principles of Mental

Skill Training Ethics in sport and

Physical Activity Fundamental

Mechanics of Human Motion

Functional Anatomy One non-Kinesiology

option

http://www.golancers.ca/

http://www.golancers.ca/

HK Book Award Criteria· Student must be in their graduating year

· Student must be an excellent scholar

· Student must be involved in co-curricular activities

· Student must demonstrate leadership, administrative

and/or organizational ability in school activities.

2010-Candice Chevalier

2011-Steph Bonneau

2012-Jessika Veigli

2013-Alicia Zanier

2014-George Koumisidis

2015-Colin Lauzon

2016-Adam Amicarelli

The Discipline of Kinesiology


pg25

Sample Academic and Career Pathways


pg26

Occupations in Kinesiology


pg28

Occupations in Physical Education


pg28

Occupations in Recreation & Leisure


pg29

Occupations in Health Education


pg29

Chapter #1

Physical Activity and

Sport Today

A Sound Mind in A Healthy Body

• Mens sana in corpore sano. “A sound mind in a

healthy body”.• A person is only healthy when s/he is occupied both intellectually

and physically.

• Originated from a Roman poet

• Latin

• The sentence was first used with this meaning in 1861 by the

Englishman John Hulley, as a motto for his Liverpool Athletic

Club. This motto fitted the elitist nineteenth-century vision on

sport that came about in England. At English boarding schools

wealthy boys received not only an intellectual education, but also

a thorough physical training, based on the ideal of a complete

education.

pg4

City Park Collegiate Institute-Learning

in Motion

Learning in MotionSaskatoon special education teacher Allison Cameron stumbled onto something

that is changing the lives of students. While teaching an elementary behavioural

class, she invited a couple of kids to run with the cross-country team before school.

She noticed they became calmer and more focused in class. A year later, she joined

City Park Collegiate Institute determined to test the hypothesis that exercise helps

concentration and behaviour. Using donated treadmills, stationary bikes and heart-

rate monitors, she put her Grade 8 class on 20 minutes of cardio three mornings a

week, and strength training the other two. Not only did behaviour improve, their

grades did too. Now the whole school is on her Movement Matters regime, and

Cameron helps schools across North America develop similar programs.

Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-nkL6p02FF0

Mental Benefits of Regular Physical Activity & Healthy Eating

• Reduced stress and

depression

• Improved self-image

• Improved concentration,

attention span, and mood

• Improved memory

• Increased productivity

• Slowed-down brain aging

Composite brain images of 20 students taking the same test after sitting quietly (top) and after a 20-minute walk. (Courtesy of Dr. Charles Hillman, University of Illinois.)


Page 4

The Physical Inactivity Crisis—Males


The Physical Inactivity Crisis—Females


The Health-Care Costs of Inactivity


Throughout the world, the numbers of persons whoare obese or overweight have escalated steadily in most countries in recent years.

World Health Trends


Health Risks of Physical Inactivity & Obesity


Inactivity and obesity are primary determinants of lifestyle diseases such as:

•Coronary artery disease

•Ischemic strokes

•Type 2 diabetes

•Some cancers

•Osteoporosis

•Kidney disease

•Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

•Chronic liver disease

•Depression

Participation - Make Room for Play - Video

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7KZLDoNKgrCb2x4UEd6Rkk4UUk/view?usp=sharing

Physical Inactivity and Obesity Crises


0

Causes for the twin problems of

inactivity and obesity include:

•Urbanization

•Motorized transport

•Mechanization of labour

•Sedentarism (TV watching, Internet, video

games)

•Processed foods high in sugars and

starches

•Increased portion sizes

Environmental Barriers

Built environments play a major role in levels of physical activity:

•Built environments are human-made settings for

human activity.

•Consist of buildings, neighbourhoods, cities,

infrastructure, and parks or green space

•Sometimes discourage active transportation

(walking, biking, rollerblading)

•Sometimes encourage passive transportation via

cars and public transit


Pg.12

Overcoming Environmental Barriers


Suggestions:

•Establish “Active and Safe Routes to School”

community programs.

•Pressure governments to increase funding for parks, playgrounds, safe pedestrian walkways,

bike paths, street lighting, etc.

•Take stairs rather than elevators or escalators.

•Engage in “mobile meetings” and walk or bike

rather than drive or take the bus.

Socioeconomic Barriers


~~~

Socioeconomic barriers are those associated

with the social standing of an individual or

group, typically measured as a combination of

income, education, and occupation.

For example:

•One in five Canadian families cannot afford to enroll

their children in recreation programs.

•These families need subsidies for registration,

equipment, and transportation costs.

Pg.13

Participation - Make Room for play -

Hockey - Video

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7KZLDoNKgrCYmFzTVpPdUw1akk/view?usp=sharing

Psychological Barriers


~~~

Psychological barriers are obstacles that are

real and serious but could be thought of as

being largely, or at least partially, “in the

mind” or in the attitude of the individual.

These barriers might include:

•Fear of pain and physical exertion

•Self-consciousness about appearance

•A perception that physical exercise is boring

Pg.15

Overcoming Psychological Barriers

Suggestions:

•Find a form of physical

activity that is fun.

•Stop a particular exercise if it hurts.

•Work out in a less

competitive environment.

•Seek out a support

system.

•Choose social activities

that don’t involve sitting.

•Reward yourself in healthy ways.


Cultural Barriers


~~~

Multiculturalism is a celebration of diverse ethnic,

religious, and cultural backgrounds. It was adopted as

official government policy during the 1970s and 1980s. By

the early

twenty-first century, newcomers from outside British and

French heritage composed the majority of the Canadian

population.

New Canadians tend to face barriers to sport and physical

activity despite Canada’s policy of multiculturalism.

•Canadian Sport Policy aims to increase access to sport for new

immigrants.

•More needs to be done to reduce language barriers and the

isolation that many newcomers experience.

Pg.14

Overcoming Cultural Barriers


Suggestions:

•The Sport Information Resource Centre and Sport Canada are

concerned about cultural barriers to physical activity.

•Lack of government policies with respect to multiculturalism and sport must be addressed.

•Government and support agencies must find ways to provide

information about sport and recreation opportunities tonewcomers.

Personal Barriers


~~~

Personal barriers are obstacles that are definitely real and serious but could be thought of as being largely, or at least partially, under the control of the individual (finding time to exercise, lack of confidence, lack of motivation, and so on).

These barriers might include:

•Lack of time

•Lack of energy

•Poor diet

•No access to gym or gym equipment

•Financial constraints

Pg.15

Overcoming Personal Barriers


Suggestions:

•Take stairs; walk, jog, bike, rollerblade, skateboard to

school or work.

•Reduce TV watching and screen time.

•Work out during TV commercials.

•Start at 10 min of exercise per day and build from there.

•Use your own body; there is no need for fancy gym

equipment.

•Switch from junk food to healthy foods.

Reduce Lifestyle Diseases By Changing Diet, Environment, & Activity Level


Lifestyle Diseases


~ ~ ~

Lifestyle diseases (“acquired diseases”) are illnesses that

are largely preventable and that appear to increase in

frequency as countries become more industrialized.

They can include some kinds of cancer, chronic liver

disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type 2

diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, osteoporosis,

stroke, and depression.

Probable Causes:

• Poor diet

• Harmful lifestyle habits

• Sedentarism

Pg.16

What Is Physical Literacy?


Physical literacy is a powerful educational

movement pioneered by British educator

Margaret Whitehead.

•Individuals who are physically literate move with

competence and confidence in a wide variety of

physical environments.

•Physical literacy benefits the development of the

whole person.

•Movement competence

•provides a pathway to active,

healthy living.

Pg.18

Champions of Physical Literacy

Canadian champions of physical literacy include:

•Physical and Health

Education Canada (PHE Canada)

•Ontario Physical and Health

Education Association (Ophea)

•Canadian Sport for Life

(CS4L)

•Canadian Society for

Exercise Physiology (CSEP)

•ParticipACTION

•Ever Active Schools


Canadian Sport for Life (CS4L)

Long-Term Athlete

Development (LTAD)

Canadian Sport for Life has conceptualized acradle-to-grave life cycle of physical activity and sport—the LTAD model.


The LTAD Model


The Long-Term Athlete Development

(LTAD) model

•Emphasizes physical literacy across the

lifespan

•Provides a seven-stage training,

competition, and recovery pathway

•Takes into account the different

developmental stages we undergo as

children, adolescents, and adults

The Seven Stages of the LTAD Model


There are seven stages to the Long-Term Athlete Development model. These are:

•Stage 1: Active Start (0-6 years)

•Stage 2: FUNdamentals (girls 6-8, boys 6-9)

•Stage 3: Learn to Train (girls 8-11, boys 9-12)

•Stage 4: Train to Train (girls 11-15, boys 12-16)

•Stage 5: Train to Compete (girls 15-21, boys 16-23)

•Stage 6: Train to Win (girls 18+, boys 19+)

•Stage 7: Active for Life (any age participant)

Physical Benefits of Regular Physical Activity & Healthy Eating

• Maintenance of a healthy body weight

• Prevention of lifestyle diseases

• Improved fitness for healthy, strong muscles

and bones


Social Benefits of Regular Physical Activity & Healthy Eating

• Reduced behavioural problems in

school

• Enhanced academic performance

• Increased self-confidence and self-

acceptance

• Opportunities to make friends

• Greater overall community health

and cohesiveness

• Higher levels of social capital


Social Benefits of Community & School Sport and Physical Activity

Programs

•Reduced use of drugs and

alcohol

•Development of improved social

skills and employability skills

•Support for at-risk youth and

new immigrants

•Greater inclusiveness and

accessibility to sport and

physical activity for everyone


psk 4u - mrs. wilson's web pageedhswilson.weebly.com/uploads/5/6/1/3/5613731/chapter_1.pdf ·...

Documents