Protozoan Groups

Chapter 5

Protozoa

Protostomes Deuterostomes

Coelomates

Acoelomates

Mollusca

Crustacea

Arachnida

Insecta

Annelida Echinodermata

Chordata

Vertebrata

Tunicata

Pseudocoelomates

Monera (Bacteria)

Hemi-chordata

MetazoaParazoa

Eumetazoa

Bilateria†

Mesozoa

† Triploblasts* Diploblasts

Arthropoda

CnidariaCtenophora

Radiata*

Basics

• Unicellular small

• No organs or tissues (protoplasmic)

• Found in terrestrial, marine, aquatic and parasitic environments

• Reproduce sexually or asexually

• Nutrition:– Autotrophic– Heterotrophic

Groups we will talk about

• Flagellates (Chlorophyta, Axostylata, and Retortamonada)

• Ciliates (Ciliophora)

• Amebas (No Phyla)

• Apicomplexa

Outline

• Movement of Protozoa1. Amoeboid

2. Ciliary

3. Flagellar

4. Unknown

• Protection of Protozoa– Ameba

Movement of Protists

• Flagellates (Chlorophyta, Axostylata, and Retortamonada)

• Ciliates (Ciliophora)

• Amebas

• Apicomplexa

Movement of Protists

• Flagellates (Chlorophyta, Axostylata, and Retortamonada)

• Ciliates (Ciliophora)

• Sarcodina (Amebas)

• Apicomplexa

Flagellar movement

Ciliary movement

Amoeboid movement

Parasites

Amoeba

I. Ameboid movement.

• Ameboid locomotion is used by certain protists and by numerous kinds of ameboid cells that are located within the bodies of most Metazoa.

(gel-like)

(more fluid)

Complex changes in cell fine structure, chemistry, and behavior.

Mechanisms of Ameboid movement.

Mechanisms of Ameboid movement.

Pseudopodia Types

• Lobopodia

• Filopodia

• Reticulopodia

• Axopodia

Pseudopodia Types

• Lobopodia• Filopodia• Reticulopodia• Axopodia

Pseudopodia Types

• Lobopodia• Filopodia• Reticulopodia• Axopodia

Pseudopodia Types

• Lobopodia• Filopodia• Reticulopodia• Axopodia

Pseudopodia Types

• Lobopodia• Filopodia• Reticulopodia• Axopodia

Pseudopodia Types

• Lobopodia• Filopodia• Reticulopodia• Axopodia

HELIOZOANS ACTINOPHRYS SP. I COLLECTED THIS ONE IN WISCONSIN.

Axopodia

Diversity of Locomotion in Amebas

Creeping Rolling

Walking Bipedal-steppingFilopodial creeping

Typical with lobopodia

MovementII. Cilia (Ciliophora)

CATTLE RUMEN CILIATES ENTODINIUM CAUDATUM

CATTLE RUMEN CILIATES ENTODINIUM CAUDATUM

CATTLE RUMEN CILIATES ENTODINIUM CAUDATUM SURFACE ULTRASTRUCTURE

Movement of Paramecium

What is that?

Cilia act like walking legs!

Compound Ciliature

• The function of some cilia is not only movement but feeding

• Feeding currents

Example of ciliates with compound ciliature

Vorticella Stentor