• Propaganda

• Formal vs. informal tone

• Thesis statements

• Transitions

• Sentence types and errors

• Hopefully give back test!

Propaganda techniques

Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002

Whose voice guides your choice?

Claim/Thesis

Example: I am going to try to convince you that chocolate is a healthy snack.

Statement of your argument.

Propaganda is …

… form of communication

… aimed at swaying or

influencing your attitude

Experts vs.Big Names

Example: Former U.S. president Bill Clinton thinks that junk food should be taken out of vending machines.

Experts? Professionals with specialized knowledge Big Names? Famous,

Big name or

expert?

Quoting Experts

• Experts are professionals who work and or

study a specific topic or area of knowledge.

• Often includes physicians, lawyers,

professors, researchers and analysts.

Big Names

• Insert celebrity Ad

Statistics

Example: A Snickers bar has 280 calories and 30 grams of sugar. That’s not very healthy.

Factual information told in numbers or some measurable way.

Emotional Appeal/Loaded Words

The use of words that evoke strong emotional responses.

Compassionate moms

who love their babies

choose B diapers.

Gentle fibers nurture a

baby’s skin.

Emotional Appeal/Loaded language

Example: Your generous donation might just get this puppy off the street and into a safe home.

Specific words or images intended to connect a reader’s emotional response to a persuasion topic. (sad puppy= adoption ads)

Emotional words example:

luxury, beautiful, paradise, economical Used to evoke positive feelings

Happiness

Fun

Flag (patriotism)

Glittering Generalities

• Similar to

emotional appeal,

language that works

hard to play on

your emotions, but

isn’t always logical.

“Pure, fresh, mountain

spring water. Bottled

especially for you in Utah

from only our purest

mountain springs.”

What seems a bit

“illogical” to you?

Glittering Generality example: Gatorade: "Life is a

sport, drink it up!“

That sounds good,

but what does it

mean??

Repetition A repeated phrase used to create a desired effect---sometimes with the help of sound devices such as alliteration or assonance.

“You'll never put a

better bit of butter

on your knife."

~ Country Life

Butter slogan

Research

Example: According to Dr. Spock, a representative from ABC Medical Center, a recent study found that students who watch TV during the week don’t do as well in school.

The use of scientific “study” to form facts and gather info

Bandwagon Strategy that insists that “everybody’s doing it”—that the audience should join the “majority”

8 out of ten college

athletes depend on Z

sports drink to quench

their thirst during the

game.

Testimonial

Example: It’s easy. It’s

fast. It feels good!

And now, thanks to my

purchase, I can shake it

up at home where it’s

convenient,”

Relies on the “story” or “experience” of an individual with whom the audience can identify.

What is Propoganda?

Propaganda is the use of

facts, ideas, or claims to

persuade people to support

a particular opinion.

The trick: author’s only

provide facts and opinions

that support their view.

What is Bias?

• Bias is an unfair prejudice about someone

or something.

• It doesn’t allow for exceptions.

• It usually shows extreme favor or disfavor

for a product, group, etc.

Examples of Bias • Individuals that wear all black?

• Others based on appearance? (What types of

judgments do we place on certain styles of dress

and appearance?)

• Bias based on ethnicity? (What things do we

pretend to know about certain races or cultural

groups?)

• Gender? (What do or can all girls do? Boys? How

do boys act? Girls?)

• Geographic locations (like Kentuckians)

Formal vs. Informal?

• See video

• Letter editing activity

Transitions -

First, similarly, on the other hand, therefore, consequently,

finally, eventually, likewise, however, even though,

although, Later, as a result,

Sequence Compare Contrast Cause and Effect

Example of a thesis statement: A)Topic: nuclear power

B). Opposing View: Nuclear power is a popular

in some places.

C) Opinion: Nuclear power is a not an reliable

power source .

D) 3 Reasons

1.It is potentially dangerous

2. It is more expensive than other alternatives.

3. It causes water, land and air pollution.

Although it is popular in some states, nuclear power is not a

reliable power source because it is dangerous, it is more

expensive than the alternatives, and it causes pollution.

Thesis statement = A+B+C + D Although it is popular in some states, nuclear

power is not a reliable power source because

it is dangerous, it is more expensive than the

alternatives, and it causes pollution.

Let’s Try this… A) Topic : Keep Study Hall or Get Rid of

B) Opposing Opinion:

C) My opinion:

D) Three Reasons

-

-

-

Main Idea? Detail? Not Supporting Detail

(X) ?

1. ______A study at one prison show that owning a pet can change a hardened prison inmate into a more caring person.

2. ______Another study discovered that senior citizens, both those living alone and those in nursing homes, became more interested in life when they were given pets to care for.

3. ______These animals are certainly helpful to mental illness, but require a lot of care, money, and maintenance.

4. ______ Even emotionally disturbed children have been observed to smile and react with interest if there is a cuddly kitten or puppy t o hold.

5. ______ Animals, then, can be a means of therapy for many kinds of

individuals.

WARNING- Effort today may lead to a

successful final exam

Part 1- 44. Dashes

33. Sentence types 45. Quotation Marks

34. Sentence Errors 46. STOP

35. Redundancy

36. Transitions

41. Commas

A, B, C, D, and E

42. Colons

43. Semi-colons

If a term or item has an

explanation next to it, note it

PLUS at least one example

exercise! Take this practice

seriously, and tomorrow, you’ll be

glad you did!

Reading Strategies & Informational

Text.

An inference is an educated guess. Every good

inference needs evidence from the text to

support it.

For a story, you should retell the plot

elements. For Nonfiction, retell the main idea

plus some major details.

Informational Reading

STATED- Main idea is written directly in the article. It is

usually the first sentence but can be anywhere in the

paragraph. (Same as topic sentence)

IMPLIED- Main idea is found by reading each sentence and

deciding what major idea the author is trying to teach you

using these sentences.

Summary vs. Paraphrase

Summarize- Use the basic idea of a source, but make

the summarized idea shorter and in your own words.

Paraphrasing- Use the basic idea, but change the

language and the order of the words. The idea and

length do not change.

What activities make these concepts important? (Think

back to what we’ve written this year)