Contents 1. Acknowledgement of the City of Greater Geraldton’s Planning Strategy .................................... 1

2. Australian Bicycle, National Cycling Strategy 2011 - 2016 ............................................................ 2

3. Western Australian Bicycle Network Plan 2014 -2031 ................................................................. 3

4. The Wonthella Progress Association – Who We Are & What We Propose .................................. 4

5. The Outer Suburb Problem ........................................................................................................... 6

6. Mobility for All ............................................................................................................................... 6

7. Map of Proposed Rail Trail ............................................................................................................ 8

8. Historical Significance ................................................................................................................... 9

9. Photos - Bluff Point ..................................................................................................................... 11

10. Photos - Utakarra ........................................................................................................................ 12

11. Riding a Bike for Transport & Health .......................................................................................... 13

12. Tourism and Economy ................................................................................................................. 14

13. Heritage Tourism ......................................................................................................................... 15

14. Resources Necessary to Offer the Service. ................................................................................. 16

15. Time Line for Delivery of Services ............................................................................................... 17

17. Connecting Schools ..................................................................................................................... 18

18. Rail Trails in Western Australia ................................................................................................... 19

19. Cost to Construct ......................................................................................................................... 24

20. Issues & Concerns ....................................................................................................................... 27

19.1 Webberton businesses wanting to purchase Railway Reserve land ......................................... 27

19.2 Fear of the Rail Trail becoming a crime trail ............................................................................. 28

19.3 Who manages the Rail Trail, Ongoing maintenance and life cycle costs? ................................ 29

21. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 29

22. Contact ........................................................................................................................................ 30

Project/Proposal “A Community Initiative”

Report Prepared by Sally (Elphick) Edwards President, Wonthella Progress Association 1 February 2016 (Final)

Page 1 of 30

1. Acknowledgement of the City of Greater Geraldton’s Planning Strategy

According to the City of Greater Geraldton Planning Strategy 70% of the Mid West regional population resides in the City of Greater Geraldton, with 93% residing in the Geraldton Urban Area. The Geraldton Urban Area will continue to be the regional centre for the Mid West and the largest city north of Perth. The City’s Community Vision is articulated in the Strategic Community Plan 2013 – 2023: A creative city-region with the capacity to sustain a population of 80,000 – 100,000 which has a prosperous, diverse and sustainable community within an attractive Western Australian setting. To create a truly more sustainable community we need to think beyond just the sustainability of our natural environment. The 2029 and Beyond project considers all the aspects that impact on the sustainability of the community by taking into account 5 pillars of sustainability. These pillars form the basis for the community’s aspirations in the Strategic Community Plan and the underlying planning principles of both the Strategy and Scheme. 1. CULTURE – Vibrant arts, culture and education We value our cultural heritage, our Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and multicultural communities; our creativity and our life-long learning opportunities. 2. ENVIRONMENT – A sustainable built form and natural environment We value our natural and built environment and live sustainably: in balance with nature. 3. SOCIAL – A strong healthy community which is equitable, connected and cohesive We value our sense of community, our small town feel and the lifestyle opportunities of our coastal location and bushland. 4. ECONOMY – A dynamic, diverse and sustainable economy We value a healthy thriving economy that provides diverse employment opportunities while protecting the environment and enhancing social and cultural outcomes. 5. GOVERNANCE – Inclusive civic and community engagement and leadership We value an open and trusting relationship between the community, Local Government and other decision makers. ¹ In the same report acknowledgement is made “that as the City grows it will experience increased traffic volumes and associated congestion. An integrated transport planning approach is proposed to ensure land use planning supports opportunities for modal shift from private motor vehicles, combined with measures including controls on parking supply and management, encouragement of walking and cycling and increased public transport.” ₁ “Although the demand for pedestrian and cycling facilities within the City is currently not high the City’s strategic direction is to encourage alternative transport modes.” ₁ The following are listed under the sub title of 5.6 INTEGRATED TRANSPORT. Strategies Actions 1. Establish an integrated transport infrastructure network in a manner that can be sustained into the future. 2. Identify a clear road hierarchy based on an integrated and strategic transport approach and seek developer contributions to assist with the delivery of the network. 3. Provide and manage parking in the context of an integrated transport approach which will encourage alternative modes other than single occupancy motor vehicles. 4. Improve facilities for pedestrians and cyclists through improvements to the network and infrastructure.

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Actions 1. Implement the land use planning recommendations of the Integrated Transport Strategy and City Centre Car Parking Management. 2. Identify the road hierarchy in the Strategy and investigate the development of a simplified road contributions mechanism that is easy to administer (similar to a Water Corporation headworks contribution). 3. Apply minimum parking rates for more generic use classes (rather than specific individual uses), and a ‘flat rate’ for the City Centre. 4. Apply cash-in-lieu provisions to the entire Scheme area (not just the City Centre). 5. Include expanded provisions in the Scheme that allow the use of cash-in-lieu funds to be put towards the better management of existing parking, improvements to transport and infrastructure (not limited to car parking) where these will reduce the demand for car parking. 6. Include parking rates for motor bikes/scooters and bicycles and also end-of-trip facilities for employees. 7. Make pedestrians, cycling and public transport the priority in land use planning over motor vehicles. ₁ There is a new type of city emerging – one that implements bicycletecture. Bicycletecture, or Cycle Space as Australian Author Dr. Steven Fleming dubbed it, sees bicycles as being central to the infrastructure and the built environment of dense urban areas. Urban cycling is one of the strongest strategies for cities to reduce infrastructure pressure, support the environment and to create happier and healthier human beings. Angela Fedele, Sourceable.net https://sourceable.net/author/angela-fedele/

This project/ proposal assists the City of Greater Geraldton fulfill one of its planning and policy items outlined on page 21 of the Governance section in the City of Greater Geraldton’s Strategic Community Plan 2013 2023 of the creation of a 20-minute city where community infrastructure is accessible by car, bike or foot.

2. Australian Bicycle, National Cycling Strategy 2011 - 2016

In order to drive forward progress on cycling and coordinate activity across the country, the Australian Bicycle Council (ABC) was established in 1999 and is made up of representatives from the Commonwealth Government, each state and territory, as well as the cycling industry and cyclist user groups. A key role of the ABC has been to oversee and coordinate the implementation of the National Cycling Strategies (NCS) 1999 – 2004, 2005 – 2010 and 2011 - 2016. ₁a

The Australian Bicycle, National Cycling Strategy 2011 - 2016 can be viewed at: - http://www.bicyclecouncil.com.au/files/publication/National-Cycling-Strategy-2011-2016.pdf ₁ http://www.cgg.wa.gov.au/profiles/cgg/assets/clientdata/document-centre/planning/strategic_document/local_planning_strategy_-_part_1__the_strategy_-_web_version.pdf

₁a http://www.bicyclecouncil.com.au/files/publication/National-Cycling-Strategy-2011-2016.pdf

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3. Western Australian Bicycle Network Plan 2014 -2031

MINISTER’S FOREWORD It gives me great pleasure to release the Western Australian Bicycle Network Plan 2014-2031, to guide the expansion of metropolitan and regional cycling facilities in this State. The number of Perth people cycling to work, or for pleasure, has increased more than fivefold over the past 15 years and this trend is expected to continue as more Western Australians reap the environmental, social and health benefits offered by choosing bicycles for business or leisure trips. In 2012/13 alone, the number of cycling trips to and from the Perth Central Business District (CBD) increased by 16.4 per cent. In meeting Western Australia’s rising demand for paths and on-road facilities for cyclists, the WABN Plan will guide the continued delivery of cycling infrastructure to better meet the growing need for convenient, safe cycling routes and end-of trip facilities, whilst aligning with the current State Government urban planning policy and directions. Cycling requirements for regional Western Australia has also been included in the final WABN Plan as previously there has been no strategy for this. The WABN Plan includes a number of new initiatives. The initiatives include a Connecting Schools program and a Connecting Stations program, which both target regular short trips and are expected to deliver strong community benefits by improving the health of our community while also reducing congestion at key locations during peak drop-off and pick-up periods. For the Perth area there will be a continued focus on building Principal Shared Paths along freeways and railway lines, prioritising those within a 15 km radius of the Perth CBD. The aim is to provide commuters with a viable alternative transport mode which is safe and reduces reliance on motorised transport in areas carrying high volumes of commuters. There will also be a thorough review of the Local Bicycle Routes network to connect all metropolitan suburbs to destinations. For regional cities there will be a focus on medium-to-long term planning for cycling facilities, and increased funding made available through the Regional Bicycle Network Grants program. This is essential to ensure that we do not miss opportunities to provide cycling infrastructure as our key regional cities grow. Excellent feedback was received on the draft Western Australian Bicycle Network Plan 2012-2021, this was released in March 2012, and I thank all those Western Australians who took the time to contribute. The input received has been invaluable in the preparation of the final WABN Plan, ensuring it will generate high-quality facilities for cyclists in the most necessary locations over the forthcoming years. Hon Dean Nalder MLA Minister for Transport ₂ 2 This 56-page report covers the many benefits of cycling including, economic, environmental and social. Grants are available through the Regional Bicycle Network (RBN) Grants Program. I strongly suggest that you view the State report which is available on the internet in conjunction with this report. The Geraldton Rail Trail will go a long way to fulfilling the objectives mentioned in this report. The Western Australian Bicycling Network Plan 2014 - 2031 can be viewed at: http://www.transport.wa.gov.au/mediaFiles/active-transport/AT_CYC_P_WABN_Plan.pdf

₂ http://www.transport.wa.gov.au/mediaFiles/active-transport/AT_CYC_P_WABN_Plan.pdf

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4. The Wonthella Progress Association – Who We Are & What We Propose

The Wonthella Progress Association (WPA), Geraldton’s oldest neighbourhood development group has a rich history which dates back to the early 1930’s. The WPA is now approaching a new era as it embraces technology with a Facebook page and a website currently under construction. The WPA has been active in lobbying for the betterment of Wonthella for many years. The WPA invites you to become a supporter of the “Geraldton Rail Trail” proposal which is part of the WPA’s vision of connecting the outer suburbs of Geraldton to the Chapman Road multi use pathway. The Rail Trail has the potential for future multi use pathways to branch off to connect to the outer areas of Woorree, Deepdale, Eastlyn and Narngalu. Rail Trails are multi-user trails sited along disused rail lines, and have been extensively developed throughout Australia. Due to their relatively benign gradients and the trails’ differentiation from vehicular roads, these trails have become particularly attractive to recreational cyclists. Many also traverse countryside and small towns, extremely attractive to tourists, many of whom have been introduced to cycling through Australia’s network of Rail Trails. ₃ The vision of the WPA is to see the land of the old rail reserve transferred from the Public Transport Authority (PTA) to the City of Greater Geraldton. Since 2007, The WPA has been petitioning various proponents to garner support. The project stalled in 2012 due to the land not being released by the Public Transport Authority. It is proposed that the Rail Trail will be a multi-purpose, hard surfaced pathway that caters for all age groups and abilities that will meet the need of linking the outer suburbs to the Geraldton city centre. It will provide a safe travel alternative and we believe it will increase bicycle use in Geraldton. It will also provide a pathway for the vibrancy of the city centre to flow to the outer suburbs creating a more connected and cohesive Geraldton. A Rail Trail may also provide business opportunities like cafes, art gallery or museum at both of the historical gate keepers cottages located at Bluff Point and Utakarra. The Rail Trail will provide diversity of use that accommodates walkers/joggers, parents with prams, small children on bikes, cyclists and gophers with good trail infrastructure so riders have easy access to enter and exit at various points along the trail. The availability of drinking water, shelter and picnic facilities will help promote use by all age groups. The WPA has already fenced off an area (near the gun club) to create a bushland reserve which has two concrete tables and bench seats. The WPA envisions good interpretive signage giving visitors a real feel for the former railroad, for the people who lived and worked alongside it, for the industries it supported, such as the tomato growing industry in Wonthella and Webberton. It means highlighting the history of the area, the names of settlements (perhaps now long disappeared) which once thrived along the line, and their historic associations. ₃ https://www.bicyclenetwork.com.au/media/vanilla_content/files/RT%20Report%2009_Final(1).pdf

Page 5 of 30

The WPA believes this project will give the city an opportunity to look at more sustainable path lighting options such as solar powered lighting. A pathway that will enable people who don’t have motor vehicles to be able to safely commute to the proposed Menshed Geraldton, Eighth Street Sporting Precinct, Skate park, Aquarena, PCYC and the potential to link to existing pathways to John Willcock High School and to Fun City at Sun City Christian Centre and the new Geraldton Youth Precinct on the foreshore. The Rail Trail will be a great place to showcase public or community art, maybe engaging disadvantaged children and youth and giving them a place to contribute through art and culture. “Public art plays an important role in enhancing and complementing our environment, it brings communities together, offers social and education opportunities and promotes tourism.” City of Greater Geraldton Website ₄ A part of the WPA’s vision is to see a greenway created along the Rail Trail. The use of a greenway will create a beautiful aesthetic and cooling effect as you leave the cooler coastal area heading towards the warm outer suburbs. A denser greenway from Place Road to Eighth Street will create a much needed buffer zone between industry and residential which is supported by the City of Greater Geraldton’s “Open Space Strategy”. The following is from the City of Greater Geraldton’s “Public Open Space Strategy”, Final Draft, April 2015, Page 47, Wonthella. Rationale The former Bluff Point to Narngulu Rail Corridor (to the east of Wonthella) presents an opportunity to create a public open space link and would provide a buffer zone to the Webberton industrial area to the north and east. Action Investigate opportunities to secure the former Bluff Point to Narngulu Rail Corridor south of Place Road, and develop it as a public open space linkage (Wonthella Greenway). ₅ The City of Nedlands has commenced a greenway project of a railway reserve in its locality. The City has commenced stage 2 of a project to create a green corridor along Nedlands section of the rail reserve. This project will revegetate part of the grass verge on the eastern side of the railway line north of the Karrakatta underpass. Following removal of grass weeds and limestone rubble, certified dieback free mulch will be laid over the greenway project area in anticipation of the planting of water-wise, locally occurring native trees, shrubs and groundcovers in June. This project will assist with the City’s (of Nedlands) aims of protecting biodiversity within the City, providing improved habitats and connectivity for local fauna and increasing the City’s capacity to absorb greenhouse gas emissions. ₆ The greenway along the Geraldton Rail Trail has the potential to assist the City of Greater Geraldton with urban biodiversity, providing improved habitats and connectivity for local fauna and increasing the City’s capacity to absorb greenhouse gas emissions. ₄ http://www.cgg.wa.gov.au/live/my-c-ommunity/arts-and-culture/public-art.aspx ₅ http://www.cgg.wa.gov.au/profiles/cgg/assets/clientdata/document-centre/planning/strategic_document/pos_strategy__april_2015_.pdf ₆ http://www.nedlands.wa.gov.au/railway-reserve-%E2%80%93-greenway-project

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5. The Outer Suburb Problem

When it comes to alternative transport options for the outer suburbs not located along the Geraldton coast, transport choices are limited. There is no dual pathway that connects the suburbs of Spalding, Strathalbyn, Woorree, Wonthella, Rangeway, Utakarra and Karloo to the City centre without having to make your way over the hills of either Johnson Street, Phelp Street or Mark Street. The adjoining footpaths on these roads have not been constructed as dual pathways. Whilst Spalding can access the City via Bluff Point there is no safe crossing point across North West Coastal Highway. There is no multi-use pathway link from any of Geraldton’s suburbs to the sporting precinct in Eighth Street therefore families are not able to safely commute together by bicycle to Geraldton’s main sporting facilities, the Skate Park, PCYC or Aquarena. The Geraldton Rail Trail also creates a safe alternative transport opportunity for people in the outer suburbs to access the new Geraldton Youth Precinct on the foreshore.

Why Trails? The incredible impact of trails is demonstrated in the way that they inspire movement and create myriad opportunities for development and revitalization—in the smallest neighbourhoods and largest cities—while making it possible for people of all ages and abilities to safely get where they need to go—without relying on automobiles. ₃ Trails add value to our lives in so many ways—increasing our mobility, improving our health, spurring economic development and job creation, protecting our environment and creating powerful connections within, to and across communities. Rails to Trails Website ₇

6. Mobility for All

Cycling facilities, including multi-use paths help meet the needs of people with disabilities and improve accessibility for everyone including the elderly and children. Cycling is a good activity for seniors, as it encourages fitness and good balance. It allows you to get from place to place quicker than walking and cheaper than driving – and it is also environmentally friendly. ₈ SAFETY ADVICE FOR SENIORS - Western Australia Police The number one project on the City of Greater Geraldton’s Community Panel Capital Works Rating and Priority Listing, project submissions for the 10 year capital works plan is “mobility impaired access upgrades”. The “Wonthella Greenway” was listed as number 65. In a second calibration exercise the “mobility impaired access upgrades” received 100% support with the “Wonthella Greenway” receiving a score of 87%. Building and completing the Geraldton Rail Trail is one avenue of helping create mobility impaired access upgrades. The Geraldton Rail Trail as we are now calling it appears as the Wonthella Greenway on this report.

You can view the View the 10 Year Capital Works Plan – Reports and Recommendations at:

http://www.cgg.wa.gov.au/your-council/having-your-say/-changescgg-community/community-panel-10-year-capital-works-plan.aspx

Bicycling is healthy but needs to be safer for more to bike. One of the obstacles to bicycling, especially for women, children and seniors is the perceived danger of vehicular traffic. Research shows that perceived safety – how safe you feel - is at least as critical as measured safety to the willingness of people especially, children, women and seniors to bike ride.

₇ http://www.railstotrails.org/our-work/ ₈ http://www.ors.wa.gov.au/Topics/Seniors

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Tom Godefrooij of the Dutch Cycling Embassy writes: “Cycling is too important as a mode of transport to leave it only to the daring helmeted cycle warriors in conspicuous jackets. Cycling should not be elitist, but for all." Currently there are no safe options for gopher riders to access the Geraldton city centre from the outer eastern suburbs. Users of motorised wheelchairs and gophers are classed as pedestrians under current traffic laws, provided the maximum speed of the equipment is 10 km/h. Some motorised chairs are capable of travelling faster than 10 km/h and these must be registered as vehicles. These low powered chairs are allowed to travel on: footpaths, shared paths, the sides of roads if there is no footpath. ₉ A people-friendly city requires mobility for all. “A humanistic, people-friendly city is first and foremost an accessible city where mobility is possible for all.” Louise Kielgast, Gehl Architects

₉ http://rsc.wa.gov.au/Topics/Seniors

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7. Map of Proposed Rail Trail

Map courtesy of HTD (Hille Thompson & Delfos)

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8. Historical Significance

Below: Excerpt from a letter dated 9 December 2011 from Penny O’Connor, Manager Assessments & Registration, Heritage Council of Western Australia

Excerpts taken from the WA Heritage Councils “Register of Heritage Places, Permanent Entry” Data Base No. 01259 Name: Geraldton to Walkaway Railway Precinct (1886 & 1896) Other Elements: Gatekeepers’ Cottages Location: The railway line route between Bluff Point and Narngulu ₁₀

₁₀ WA Heritage Councils Register of Heritage Places Permanent Entry Report. Data Base No 01259

Page 10 of 30

A unique feature of rail trails is their historical and physical connection to railways. As railways played such an important role in the development of Australia it is considered worthwhile installing specific signage on rail trails, which emphasises this link. In addition, many people in the community have an interest in various aspects of railways and would appreciate signage along the trail giving them railway related information. ₁₂ The Rail Trail would pass through an area which was once home to the large tomato growing enterprise of George Allen as well as many other market gardeners in the 1950’s. It’s also where the historical sidings of Webberton and Wonthella were located and has the potential to showcase the rail history of Geraldton. The Rail Trail would continue through to Utakarra and would provide a great platform for aboriginal public art work and a record of the history of the aboriginal people in Geraldton. The following points highlight the historical significance: -

There are two gatekeepers’ cottages – one at the Bluff Point crossing and other at the Utakarra crossing (both in need of restoration).

Sections of rail have been preserved at both crossings (now starting to be over grown by grasses and weeds)

There were four sidings, Webberton, Wonthella, Utakarra and Race Course

Webberton siding was used mainly for railway freight of tomatoes to Perth

-Wonthella and Utakarra were used for drop off and pick up of general freight

-Racecourse siding was used on race days for people travelling by train from Northampton, Mullewa and Mingenew to the old race course.

Near the Bluff Point gatekeeper’s cottage there are several old railway telegraph poles. They had their own communications system separate from the Postmasters Generals Department.

A few metres further on is a limestone cutting some three to four metres high 100 or so metres long which was made so the trains could basically stay on flat ground.

In this precinct a set of points were installed so the trains could either go left to Northampton or right to Perth or Mullewa. The railway from Geraldton to Northampton was the first railway to be constructed in Western Australia.

At the site of the Wonthella Siding the community made an effort to beautify it by planting a row of Kurrajong trees in 1932. Eighteen of these trees as still standing.

₁₁ WA Heritage Councils Register of Heritage Places Permanent Entry Report. Data Base No 01259 ₁₂ https://www.railtrails.org .au/images/documents/ra_signs_ver_1.0.1.pdf

₁₁

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9. Photos - Bluff Point

Gate eepers Co age, Chapman Road, lu Point

Old railway track running alongside the lu Point gate eepers Co age, looking towards Chapman Road. Old telegraph Pole.

Historic Two

Mile Well

next to the

lu Point

Gate eepers

Co age.

Old telegraph pole, Chapman

Road, lu Point.

Walking through the lu Point

cu ng Old telegraph pole in the

distance.

ooking east, old rail reserve between Chapman Road NWC Highway.

Old telegraph poles in the distance.

Page 12 of 30

10. Photos - Utakarra

Utakarra Gate Keepers Cottage

Rail Tracks at Utakarra

Race Course Siding Location of the Webberton siding

Historic Kurrajong Trees, Wonthella Webberton Siding Building (now demolished)

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11. Riding a Bike for Transport & Health

A national survey conducted by the National Heart Foundation of Australia and Cycling Promotion Fund and launched in Canberra at the Cycling Achievement Awards, ‘Riding a Bike for Transport – 2011 Survey’ has found that more than 62% of Australians want to be able to ride a bike for transport, but road safety fears are keeping bikes in the shed and off the road. “The data released today should provide critical support to investments in bicycle infrastructure, as governments move to establish active travel networks to relieve the looming crisis in urban congestion and address many of the related issues facing Australians such as physical inactivity, obesity and quality of life issues in our regions and cities,” said Stephen Hodge, spokesperson for the CPF. “Our national survey found the main reasons why people were not riding bikes were unsafe road conditions; the speed or volume of traffic; they don’t feel safe riding and a lack of bicycle lanes and trails. More facts from the survey: Those who ride a bike for transport typically ride on quiet roads (48%) and alone (87%), significantly outweighing those who cycled on busy roads (15%). The majority of respondents’ cycle due to health and exercise benefits (90%) obtained from cycling but were also likely to be influenced by the economic (71%) and environmental benefits (68%). Interestingly, of respondents who rode, more than 88% rode alone and less than 1% claimed to ride with more than two people, bucking the general perception that cyclists ride in big groups, taking over the road. More than 60% of those surveyed wanted the Government to do more to encourage people to ride a bicycle to work. Fast Facts – General In 2009 1.8 million Australians rode a bike (ERASS Annual Report, 2009) There was a 33% increase in bike riding between 2001 and 2009 (ERASS Annual Report, 2009) Around 20% of all car trips to work and study in Australia are under 5km (ABS 2009) providing plenty of opportunity to make cycling a viable alternative to car use. ₁₃ Recreational bicycle use by locals and visitors to an area produces a range of benefits to individuals, business and the community. Recreational bicycle use is a fun and easy way to stay active and reduce poor health outcomes associated with a sedentary lifestyle. Recreational bicycle use is also an excellent way to build riding confidence and efficacy through low-risk activity in non-threatening environments such as National Parks. Recreational bicycle use by visitors to an area can bring economic benefits to local businesses and help to create a lively and safe community. The encouragement of bicycle touring even has the potential to bring international visitors and tourism dollars to an area. ₁₄ ₁₃http://www.statedevelopment.qld.gov.au/resources/minutes/rlosac/agenda-item-8i-11-jul-2011-rail-trail-connections.pdf ₁₄ Encouraging Recreational Bicycle Use https://www.onlinepublications.austroads.com.au/items/AP-C93-13

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12. Tourism and Economy

The following reference is from the City of Greater Geraldton’s “Local Planning Strategy”, November 2015, Final (Page 15). 3.4.6 Tourism The City has a variety of tourist attractions, with many related to the hinterland and to the coast. The Batavia Coast Marina, the foreshore and the City Centre are attractors for local residents and visitors. There is potential to increase the City’s role as the tourist hub for the rural area and the Mid West Region. The rich heritage, the natural environment and a range of recreational opportunities provide a range of tourism opportunities. There are a number of sites that will be developed or redeveloped within the City either exclusively for tourism or with a strong tourism component (e.g. African Reef Resort). Planning provisions need to ensure that these sites are primarily developed for tourism purposes, yet recognise that the delivery of such tourism facilities in the current economic climate will rely on other compatible land uses. ₁₅ “Rail Trails provide outstanding opportunities for tourism and recreation, and can encourage outdoor activities and exercise due to the relatively gentle nature of the gradients and the attractive places many pass through. They also provide economic opportunities for the local host communities as well as the increased pride ‘showing your place’ to visitors creates.” (Beeton, 2006: 20) ₁₆ I spoke with Darryl Ingvarson who said that Geraldton’s current main tourist attractions, St Francis Xavier Cathedral, HMAS Sydney Memorial and the Geraldton Museum are walk through attractions that tourists can view in half a day. This doesn’t give the tourist an incentive to stay overnight, they can arrive in the morning, view the above attractions and continue their journey to another destination. The Geraldton Rail Trail would complement the new Geraldton Youth Precinct. Bicycle riding can be enjoyed by all ages and is not limited to a single interest group. It would enable parents to enjoy their children/youth engaging in fun activities at the Youth Precinct and then families could venture out on a bike riding sight-seeing tour from there. Ways of creating a multi- use path loop back to the city centre would enhance the Rail Trails tourism potential. Making the Rail Trail historically interesting, socially enjoyable, environmentally friendly and artistically creative will encourage tourists to stop and walk or ride a bike along the trail. Bicycle riding is an economically viable exercise for families on holidays, they can pack a picnic and stop along the way to refresh themselves as well as viewing tourist attractions like the St Francis Xavier Cathedral and the Geraldton Museum. The historic element of the Geraldton Rail Trail compliments these existing historical attractions as well as proposed attractions such as the Midwest Cultural and Heritage Exhibition Centre. The Geraldton Rail Trail would run through the Flores and Place Road intersection where people can deviate off the pathway to the Chapman River Regional Park. Infrastructure is already in place with good pathways along Place Road and Strathalbyn is a beautiful suburb to wander through to access the Chapman River Regional Park.

₁₅ http://www.cgg.wa.gov.au/Profiles/cgg/Assets/ClientData/Draft_Local_Planning_Strategy_0.pdf ₁₆ Cycling in Regional Communities: A Longitudinal Study of the Murray to the Mountains Rail Trail, Victoria, Australia. Associate Professor Sue Beeton, PhD, School of Management, La Trobe University, Australia -https://www.bicyclenetwork.com.au/media/vanilla_content/files/RT%20Report%2009_Final(1).pdf

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13. Heritage Tourism

“The economic growth from heritage tourism is recognised globally” – Andrea Selvey – City of Greater Geraldton, Ordinary Meeting of Council Agenda, 27 October 2015 “Many of Australia’s historic heritage assets are located in non-metropolitan regional Australia where the contribution of cultural tourism to economic growth is of great importance, as well as being of policy significance. In addition, although Australia’s non-Indigenous cultural assets are only 200 years old, they represent important icons and appear to contribute to a sense of national identity.” - Economic Value of Tourism to Places of Cultural Heritage Significance (2001), CRC for Sustainable Tourism University of Canberra and the Australian Heritage Commission ₁₇ The following is the OVERVIEW from the “A Heritage Tourism Strategy for Western Australia”, Prepared by the Heritage Council of Western Australia in partnership with Tourism Western Australia. August 2006 Heritage tourism has the potential to considerably improve the economic vitality of numerous Western Australian communities, broaden Western Australia’s tourism base and improve awareness, appreciation and conservation of our physical and intangible heritage. Globally this category of tourism has been expanding for some time, albeit largely invisibly to government and the tourist industry. However, in more recent times jurisdictions around the world have come to recognise the considerable benefits of heritage tourism and now seek to influence its development and harness its potential. A primary benefit of heritage tourism is its long-term economic value, representing one of the most profitable tourist market segments, with high sustainable growth rates in part driven by the emergence globally of the “baby boomer” generation. It generates investment in the development of heritage product, complements and engages other tourism product, rejuvenates communities (with both a regional and inner-city focus) and can do so in a low impact, protective and expansionary way. Importantly it provides considerable non-economic benefits: promoting, protecting and sustaining the heritage base; addressing traditions and values that define nations and communities; recognising multicultural legacies linking nations; engaging local and regional governments; and furthering important educational functions. While heritage tourism exists in many parts of Western Australia, the potential is considerably under-realised and the profile largely absent. Western Australia has the opportunity to stimulate and nurture heritage tourism and ensure that it is incorporated into relevant government policies and given the attention and support it deserves. Accordingly, this strategy document is designed to demonstrate the value and importance of heritage tourism, provide leadership and direction, and a framework for decision-makers and practitioners. It seeks to replace fragmented and uncoordinated initiatives with a concerted and systematic approach. The Strategy is informed by an accompanying Background Paper, a document that examines many issues pertinent to heritage tourism, such as concept definitions, global trends and developments, economic indicators, leadership options, key stakeholders and partners, markets and products, and priorities and classifications. ₁₈ ₁₇ http://www.sustainabletourismonline.com/awms/Upload/Resource/CRC%208012%20Culture%20and%20Heritage%20bk_LoRes.pdf ₁₈ http://stateheritage.wa.gov.au/docs/heritage-tourism/heritage-tourism-strategy.pdf?sfvrsn=6

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The Background Paper should be referenced for all statistics and information sources through its comprehensive bibliography. It was opportune that the Strategy’s commencement in 2004 coincided with greater public awareness of historic and heritage issues as a consequence of government initiatives promoting Western Australia’s 175th Anniversary Celebrations and Australia’s Year of the uilt Environment. ₁₈ To view this report “A Heritage Tourism Strategy for Western Australia” go to http://stateheritage.wa.gov.au/docs/heritage-tourism/heritage-tourism-strategy.pdf?sfvrsn=6 “Heritage tourists tend to stay longer, spend more, and seek out experiences in museums and art galleries, historical and heritage buildings, sites and monuments.” Government of WA, Heritage Council State Heritage Office Website. ₁₉ The Rail Trail offers an excellent opportunity to showcase various aspects of Geraldton’s history in a unique and creative way. Our proposal not only offers many benefits to the residents of Greater Geraldton but also to become an incentive for tourists to spend more time in Geraldton.

14. Resources Necessary to Offer the Service.

Adoption of the Rail Trail Plan by the City of Greater Geraldton. The City was originally interested in the former rail corridor becoming a reserve for recreation as detail below from an excerpt from a letter dated 19 February 2009 from the CGG to John Syme at Syme Marmion (Urban Planners).

Disposal of the land by the Public Transport Authority to the City of Greater Geraldton

Scope of Works / Detailed plans

Historical research

Suitable plants for the greenway

Raising finances through Royalties for Regions, Regional Development Australia, Health Initiatives Grants, Trail Ways, Art Grants, Community grants

There is the possibility for a partnership between the City of Greater Geraldton, the Wonthella Progress Association and other interested parties or not for profit organisations. Below: Excerpt from a letter dated 9 March 2011 from the Hon Terry Waldron, MLA and Minster for Sport and Recreation.

₁₈ http://stateheritage.wa.gov.au/docs/heritage-tourism/heritage-tourism-strategy.pdf?sfvrsn=6 ₁₉ http://stateheritage.wa.gov.au/about-us/education-research-events/heritage-tourism

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Below: Except from Councillor Help Desk Briefing Note dated 10 May 2011 from Nick Durie, Acting Manager Asset Planning. Work Request Ref: 33430 File reference: RC/0052

The WPA is not sure what happened to the funds from this grant as the project stalled due to the Public Transport Authority not releasing the land.

15. Time Line for Delivery of Services

Whilst an exact timeline cannot be provided the “Geraldton Rail Trail” could be built in sections and not necessarily in this order.

Bluff Point Section - Chapman Road – to North West Coastal Highway

Bridge or Underpass - A safe road crossing at North West Coastal Highway

Webberton Section - North West Coastal Highway to Place Road

Place Road Crossing - The recently modified intersection at Place and Flores Road has created a safe place for pedestrian’s, bicycle or gopher users to cross.

Wonthella Section - Place Road to Horwood Road (the greenway also creates a necessary buffer zone between industry and residential).

Horwood Road Crossing - A safe road crossing at Horwood Road and a link to existing pathways to John Willcock High School & Fun City at Sun City Christian Centre

16. Opportunities for Links to Other Areas The Rail Trail has the potential to continue from Horwood Road to the historically significant Race Course Siding, Narngalu and through to Walkaway. A loop back to the City Centre would be beneficial for tourists and people who reside in the central Geraldton area. Verita Road that links Mount Tarcoola with Wandina will eventually connect with the Brand Highway near Cape Burney. It is a local distributor road with a speed limit of 70kph which has been designed to support a future housing estate and the proposed Southern Districts Sporting Complex. A new bridge will be built over the Geraldton Southern Transport Corridor to connect Karloo with the new road. The project will ultimately deliver an initial, priority release of 400 affordable housing lots through the WA Department of Housing. ₂₀ This creates an opportunity for a multi-use pathway link through to Mount Tarcoola, Wandina and Cape Burney which would connect the proposed Southern Districts Sporting Complex and the Eight Street Sporting Precinct. The Rail Trail could provide the framework for other multi-purpose pathways to branch off from it to Woorree, Deepdale and Eastlyn and further north to Bluff Point, Sunset Beach and Drummond Cove. ₂₀ http://www.everythinggeraldton.com.au/geraldton-news/2014/06/06/verita-road-largest-city-project-to-date

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17. Connecting Schools

One objective of the Western Australian Bicycle Network Plan is to increase the number of students cycling to school. A well planned and executed Rail Trail along the old rail reserve has the potential to connect children in the outer suburbs to Strathalbyn Christian College, John Willcock High School, Allendale Primary School, Geraldton Grammar School and Rangeway Primary School. This may enable the City of Greater Geraldton to capitalise on the Connecting Schools grant program if it is rolled out to regional areas. The Rail Trail crosses existing pathways to Strathalbyn and Strathalbyn Christian College. A safe crossing at Horwood Road and a pathway to connect to existing pathways to John Willcock would create a safe bicycle path for high school students. Safe links could also be made to Allendale Primary School, Geraldton Grammar School and Rangeway Primary School.

An article from Sarah Goodyear states “According to the results of a Danish study released late last year (2012), the survey looked at nearly 20,000 Danish kids between the ages of 5 and 19. It found that kids who cycled or walked to school, rather than traveling by car or public transportation, performed measurably better on tasks demanding concentration, such as solving puzzles, and that the effects lasted for up to four hours after they got to school. The study was part of "Mass Experiment 2012," a Danish project that looked at the links between concentration, diet, and exercise. Niels Egelund of Aarhus University in Denmark, who conducted the research, told AFP that he was surprised that the effect of exercise was greater than that of diet: "The results showed that having breakfast and lunch has an impact, but not very much compared to having exercised," Egelund told AFP.” ₂₁

An excerpt taken from the Western Australian Bicycle Network Plan, 2014-2031 says “Connecting Schools is a grant program aimed at improving bicycle access and end-of-trip (EOT) facilities for schools, as well as providing behaviour change initiatives to promote cycling. Increasing the number of students cycling to school would have many positive benefits, including health improvements, reduced congestion at school drop-off/pick-up times and encouraging the take-up of cycling as a viable transport option for other short trips. ₂₂ Funding will be available through the PBN and RBN Grants programs for projects that meet the Connecting School program objectives. The funding will be allocated to school EOT facilities and innovative cycling infrastructure projects that have not been traditionally funded through categories of the PBN and RBN Grants programs. In order to access this funding, schools must commit to adopt behaviour change approaches through the TravelSmart to School program.” ₂₂ Increasing the number of students cycling to school would have many positive benefits, including health improvements and reduced congestion... ₂₂ The number of school children cycling to school in WA at both primary and secondary levels has fallen significantly over the past decades for a variety of reasons. ₂₃ Another excerpt from the same report states “An evaluation of the program will be conducted to determine the benefits of rolling it out to schools across the metropolitan area and in larger regional cities and towns.” Some of the Connecting Schools related objectives are to encourage cycling to build active and healthy communities, improve the level of safety for people cycling and to build and enhance relationships with advocacy groups and stakeholders. ₂₃ ₂₁ http://www.citylab.com/commute/2013/02/kids-who-walk-or-bike-school-concentrate-better-study-shows/4585/ ₂₂ http://www.transport.wa.gov.au/mediaFiles/active-transport/AT_CYC_P_WABN_Plan.pdf - Page 5 ₂₃ http://www.transport.wa.gov.au/mediaFiles/active-transport/AT_CYC_P_WABN_Plan.pdf - Page 27/8

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18. Rail Trails in Western Australia Information from the Rail Trails, Australia Website ₂₄

Name Munda Biddi Trail (600km) Mundaring to Manjimup, Southern Western Australia

Surface Compacted earth, coarse gravel, Fine gravel, Sealed

Terrain Flat and undulating with some steep sections

Brief Description Paralleling the famous Bibbulmun walking track, this massive mountain bike and walking trail will eventually reach from Mundaring near Perth to Albany. About one third of the distance will be on old railway formations making it among the longest rail trails in the world.

Trail Manager Munda Biddi Trail Foundation

Name Railway Reserves Heritage Trail (82km) Bellevue to Wooroloo, 19km east of Perth

Surface Compacted earth, coarse gravel, Fine gravel, Sealed Compacted earth, Course gravel, Fine gravel

Terrain Flat and undulating

Brief Description Located within the picturesque Perth Hills in Western Australia, the Railway Reserves Heritage Trail retraces 59 kilometres of the old Eastern Railway that formerly linked Fremantle to York in the late 1880’s. This popular walking and cycling rail trail begins its journey at Bellevue forming a unique 41 kilometre loop at Mount Helena entirely on railway formations, before extending to Wooroloo Reserve. While on your journey, take in the romance of the rail era as you discover the history and character of the many charming settlements that evolved alongside the railway line, including Darlington, Parkerville and Mundaring.

Trail Manager Railway Reserve Heritage Trail is managed by the Shire of Mundaring with Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) managing the section through John Forrest National Park

Name Denmark to Nornalup (including Wilsons Inlet) Rail Trail (54.5 km), 415km South of

Perth

Surface Compacted earth, course gravel, fine gravel

Terrain Flat with some undulations

Brief Description After the Second World War, the motor car had become more popular, roads were being built and improved, and the railway line from Elleker to Nornalup closed in 1954. Construction of the rail trail began in the 1990s and has been driven by Greenskills and the Denmark Shire Council.

Trail Manager The trail is managed by the Denmark Shire: 953 South Coast Highway, Denmark

Name Collie – Darkan Rail Trail (47km), Buckingham to Darkan, 202km South of Perth

Surface Compacted earth, coarse gravel

Terrain Flat and undulating

Brief Description Features an easily graded trail through rolling farmland and bushland, an open cut mine at Buckingham and spectacular wildflowers in spring. The trail surface was graded and rolled twice during construction and contains sufficient clay to maintain a relatively firm surface all year. It is suitable for hybrid type bikes and possibly some wheelchairs. The government narrow gauge railway line opened in 1907 and closed in 1986-97. Construction of the trail began in 2002 and it opened in October 2005.

Trail Manager The rail trail is managed by the Shire of West Arthur as well as the Shire of Collie

₂₄ https://www.railtrails.org.au/trail-descriptions/western-australia?view=category&id=7

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Name Hopetoun – Ravensthorpe Railway Heritage Walk (39km), 588 km South East from Perth

Surface Compacted earth

Terrain Flat and undulating

Brief Description Rail Trail follows a former isolated railway through natural bush. At Hopetoun remains of the jetty can be seen. Ravensthorpe Hopetoun Area Promotions who with the Tourist Bureau have produced separate brochures for each of the sections above. The trail committee has made a special effort to preserve the depression made by sleepers and there are artefacts along the way. The railway was built to connect mines in the Ravensthorpe area to the Hopetoun port and operated from 1909 – 1935.

Trail Manager This trail is managed by the Ravensthorpe Hopetoun Area Promotions

Name Sidings Rail Trail (26 km), Nannup to Jarrahwood, 300 km South of Perth

Surface Compacted earth, course gravel, fin gravel

Terrain Flat and undulating

Brief Description The Sidings Rail Trail runs between the old railway bridge in the Nannup Foreshore Park and Jarrahwood. The southern end of the Sidings Rail Trail is at the old railway bridge in the Nannup Foreshore Park and runs as far as Jarrahwood. The trail is mainly gravel surface and is still loose in some sections. At various places sleepers have been left in place adjacent to the path on very short sections to give an impression of how it looked before conversion to a trail.

Trail Manager The rail trail is managed by the Recreation and Trails Unit of the Department of Environment and Conservation Munda Biddi Trail Foundation http://mundabiddi.org.au/

Name Busselton – Flinders Bay Rail Trail (22 km), Cowaramup to Witchcliffe, 280 km South

West of Perth

Surface Compacted earth, course gravel

Terrain Flat and undulating

Brief Description The trail is known locally as the Wadandi Track. The trail passes through natural bushland and between farmland to provide the users of the trail with a diverse landscape to enjoy. With the developing viticultural industry within the area, the trail borders vineyards as well. The Shire of Augusta-Margaret River has developed this trail and is planning to extend the trail a further 36 km to Flinders Bay. It is hoped that the Shire of Busselton will be encouraged to complete the trail from Busselton to Cowaramup.

Trail Manager The rail trail is maintained by the Shire of Augusta-Margaret River

Name Old Timberline Trail (22 km), Nannup to Cambray, 300 km South of Perth

Surface Compacted earth, course gravel

Terrain Flat and undulating with some steep sections

Brief Description The Old Timberline Rail Trail follows the route of a tramway built by the Kauri Timber Company in 1908. Signs explaining the history of the railway and tramway have been placed along the trail at intervals between Barrabup Pool and Cambray Siding.

Trail Manager Recreation and Trails Unit of the Department of Environment and Conservation, ph. (08) 93340265 or email.

₂₄ https://www.railtrails.org.au/trail-descriptions/western-australia?view=category&id=7

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Name Farming Heritage Trail (18 km) Wooloroo to Northam, 59 km East of Perth on Boundary of Metro Area

Surface Compacted earth

Terrain Flat and undulating

Brief Description The Farming Heritage Trail runs through open agricultural scenery as it traces the route of the Eastern Railway opened in 1885 and closed in 1966. This trail is an extension of the Railway Reserves Heritage Trail from Midland. The famous Goldfields Water Pipeline parallels some of the trail. The “Golden Pipeline” is the longest fresh water pipeline in the world running 560 km from Mundaring Weir to Kalgoorlie. Built between 1898 and 1903, it is still in use. The pipeline was designed by CY O’Connor, the Government Engineer-in-Chief.

Trail Manager Shire of Northam

Name Jarrahdale Balmoral Trail (12 km), Jarrahdale to Balmoral POW Camp, 50km South

East of Perth

Surface Compacted Earth

Terrain Flat and Undulating

Brief Description The trail follows a former tramway to the Balmoral POW Camp. It is part of the Munda Biddi Trail. The trail goes through bushland and some farmland. Along the way the trail passes a log loading ramp and several “shield trees”. These shield trees have numbered carved into them and were used by foresters in the 1920 as a grid reference system. The trail finishes at the POW Camp. Signage describes its operation and explains the ruins that remain

Trail Manager

Name Kalamunda Railway Heritage Trail (11 km), Kalamunda to Karragullen, 25 km South

East of Perth

Surface Compacted Earth

Terrain Flat and Undulating

Brief Description The trail follows the route of the railway which rang through Kalamunda to Karragullen. A feature of this line is a zig zag which allowed trains to climb the steep grades of the Darling Range. The zig zag itself is now a scenic drive (see Kalamunda Zig Zag trail description). This trails starts near the top the zig zag and runs to Pickering Brook. Up to date information on this trail isn’t available on the Rail Trails website

Trail Manager Shire of Kalamunda

Name Jarrahdale 1872 Timber Tramway (8 km), Nettleton Road to South West Highway, 50 km South East of Perth

Surface Compacted Earth

Terrain Flat and Undulating

Brief Description The trail follows the route of a former timber tramway built in 1872 from Jarrahdale to the site of the Balmoral POW camp. It is part of the Munda Biddi Trail. The trail starts at an information bay 1km west of Jarrahdale at the corner of Nettleton Road and Jarrahdale Road. The trail features spectacular wildflowers in spring. It includes a loop (not on the railway formation), the total distance including the loop walk is 8km return.

Trail Manager

₂₄ https://www.railtrails.org.au/trail-descriptions/western-australia?view=category&id=7

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Name Torbay to Elleker Rail Trail (8 km), Between Albany and Denmark in the South West of WA

Surface Compacted Earth

Terrain

Brief Description This route includes the recently opened Torbay Rail Trail which spans Elleker to Torbay Hall. There is a bit of extra trail added onto both ends to stretch it out a bit. Even though it spans only 8km, the Rail Trail is flat and very diverse with Karri, Sheok and Paperbark all showing their wares. This trail has the future potential to be extended towards Denmark along the old railway route. Here it will link up with the Denmark to Nornalup Trail which is on the same former railway corridor.

Trail Manager

Name Ten Mile Brook Trail (7.5 km), Margaret River to Rusden Picnic Site, 280 km South of

Perth

Surface Compacted earth, course gravel Terrain Flat and undulating Brief Description The trail starts near “Old ate”, a preserved steam engine at the northern edge of

Margaret River. Much of the trail follows old timber tramway formations up the river to the Rusden picnic site. The picnic site has all toilet and barbeque facilities. Optional winter paths are provided when the trail gets very wet underfoot. The trail links with the Busselton – Flinders Bay Rail Trail.

Trail Manager Trail manager is the Shire of Augusta – Margaret River

Name Mundaring Weir Rail Trail (7 km), Mundaring to Mundaring Weir, East of Perth

Surface Compacted earth, coarse gravel, fine gravel

Terrain Flat and undulating with some steep sections

Brief Description The trail follows the route of a branch railway which ran from Mundaring to Mundaring Weir, operating between 1898 and 1952 to assist with construction and maintenance of the weir. The trail runs through parkland from Mundaring to Mundaring Weir. Along the trail you will see the “Golden Pipeline”, the longest fresh water pipeline in the world running 560 km from Mundaring Weir to Kalgoorlie. Built between 1898 and 1903, it is still in use. The trail is downhill from Mundaring to the Weir, the trail deviates from the railway formation occasionally and is a little steep in places. At Mundaring the trail links with the Railway Reserves Heritage Trail. The trail forms the first part of the Munda Biddi Trail.

Trail Manager

Name Gloucester Tree to Cascades Tramway Walk (Part of the Bibbulmun Track) (6 km),

South of Pemberton, 340 km from Perth

Surface Compacted earth

Terrain

Brief Description As with many parts of Western Australia’s south west forests, there was once a huge network of tramways through the bush. The Bibbulmun picks up tramway formations in the area. To give flavour of the Bibbulmun Track we describe a 6 km section near Pemberton in south west Western Australia, of which about half on railway formation. The return walk is 12 km. The walk features the Gloucester Fire Tree and a series of waterfalls. There is also a tourist railway nearby. The Rail Trails, Australia website gives a detailed description of this Rail Trail.

Trail Manager

₂₄ https://www.railtrails.org.au/trail-descriptions/western-australia?view=category&id=7

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Name Carnarvon Tramway (3 km), Carnarvon to Carnarvon, 904 km north of Perth. The only Rail Trail north of Perth.

Surface Course gravel

Terrain Flat

Brief Description The One Mile Jetty was built in 1897 to serve the State Ships which carried passengers and freight between Carnarvon and Perth. Before the construction of the North West Coastal Highway, shipping provided the only link between Carnarvon and the outside world. The tramway was built to link the town and the jetty, crossing the mangrove swamps around Babbage and Whitlock Islands. The jetty was engineered by James Price in the late 1800s and was used as a deep sea port until the 1980s. Fire destroyed a section of the jetty in 2007 but it has been restored to its former glory with the help of the National Trust. The tramway offers a 3 km walking and cycling trail between Olivia Terrace in Carnarvon and the heritage precinct around One Mile Jetty. The railway line has been rebuilt and the trail runs beside the rails. The tramway links the town of Carnarvon and the Jetty. The Carnarvon Heritage precinct features many relics of the early days of the port. Here you can: walk the 1.5km to the end of the jetty or ride out in the small “Coffee Pot” train. You can walk the 400m Gascoyne River Mouth walk following the coast. Visit the railway and lighthouse museums; the railway museum features Kimberley, the last locomotive to work the tramway or climb the water town lookout. The tramway features interpretive sign-boards along the trail. It adjoins the Shark Bay World Heritage Area.

Trail Manager For more information contact the Shire of Carnarvon

Name Kalamunda Zig Zag Trail (3 km), Kalamunda to Kalamunda, 25 km East of Perth

Surface Sealed

Terrain Flat and undulating

Brief Description The railway through Kalamunda was opened in 1891. It was extended to Karragullen before closing in 1949. The rail line had a series of switching points (zig zag) where trains reversed direction in order to climb the steep 1 in 30 grade of the Darling Range. After the rails were removed the zig zag was turned into a narrow bitumen road (one way - top to bottom). Situated in the Gooseberry Hill National Park, the Zig Zag offers great views over Perth. It is a popular scenic drive. You may also like to walk the zig zag. Traffic is generally slow moving, but some care is required since there are no footpaths. The national park offers a number of walking tracks that offer interesting side trips off the road. The zig zag is also well used by local cycling groups. The railway formation that the zig zag was built on continues on through Gooseberry Hill to Kalamunda and beyond. Much of the former railway has been made into a walking and cycling trail - the Kalamunda Railway Heritage Trail.

Trail Manager Shire of Kalamunda

The Austrailian Rail Trail website provides information on Rail Trails througout Australia.

https://www.railtrails.org.au/trail-descriptions/western-australia?view=category&id=7

₂₄ https://www.railtrails.org.au/trail-descriptions/western-australia?view=category&id=7

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19. Cost to Construct

As a small organisation the Wonthella Progress Association does not have the knowledge or resources to detail in this report the cost to construct the Rail Trail. The WPA does however understand that ongoing maintenance and life cycle costs have to be factored in. The positive is that the Rail Trail will run through flat and undulating land of the existing old rail reserve and that it fulfills many of the strategies and objectives in numerous local, state and federal government reports. The Rail Trail will not be subject to coastal erosion that creates costlier ongoing maintenance that the Chapman Road Dual Pathway has experienced in the past few years. Because the Rail Trail fulfills many objectives, social, environmental, ecological, heritage, urban biodiversity and health it may attract grant funding from various grant providers. WA Governments Regional Bicycle Network (RBN) Grants Program. The RBN Grants program makes funds available for the development and construction of cycling infrastructure by local governments in regional Western Australia (WA). As with the PBN Grants program, funding is on a dollar-for-dollar basis and local governments in regional WA should submit grant applications for projects that have been identified in their local bicycle plans. The changes in focus for the PBN Grants program also apply to the regional program. A specific focus of the program is on connections to schools and projects generating cycling tourism. ₂₅ Department of Sport and Recreation Active Regional Communities Grants Active Regional Communities (ARC) aims to increase the opportunities for country people to participate in sporting and active-recreational activities in regional Western Australia and is tailored to meet the ever-changing demands and challenges of regional sport and active-recreation groups within the nine diverse regions of Western Australia. The ARC scheme has two specific funding categories:

1.Initiative funding 2.Event hosting

ARC funding is designed to support sporting and recreational opportunities to assist the department meet its regional strategic outcomes. It caters for both sporting and active-recreational groups through recreation groups) and is aimed at the club level or to those groups who are not participating in the Department’s Organisational Sustainability Program (OSP). The objectives of an ARC grant are to:

Provide opportunities for participation at all levels through sport and active-recreation programs, competitions and events.

Improve the skills and capabilities of the sport and active-recreation sector through education and training programs.

Grow and strengthen the sport and active-recreation sector through initiatives that improve the organisational governance in regional sport and active-recreation.

Assist in the hosting of regionally based sport and active recreation events (refer Event Hosting). ₂₆

₂₅ http://www.transport.wa.gov.au/mediaFiles/active-transport/AT_CYC_P_WABN_Plan.pdf ₂₆ http://www.dsr.wa.gov.au/funding/regional/active-regional-communities-guidelines

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The Government of Western Australia Healthway Health Promotion Project Grants The Health Promotion Projects Program provides grants to organisations engaged in health promotion campaigns and projects in Western Australia. A range of organisations including community based groups may apply for grants to fund new approaches to health promotion and illness prevention through changing community attitudes and behaviour, and creating environments that support people to make healthier choices. Applicants for health promotion project funding are encouraged to develop proposals based on best practice in health promotion from the published literature. Organisations whose core business is not health promotion and who may not have the necessary expertise in-house are strongly advised to develop proposals in partnership with organisations that have relevant expertise. Healthway encourages potential applicants to seek partners who can create a broader skill base for the project, as well as opportunities for co-funding. Healthway has a number of different health promotion project grants available. To be eligible for Healthway support, projects must focus on activities that are clearly beyond the core business of the applying organisation(s) and should include some activities that are likely to be sustained beyond the end of the funding period. A population approach is generally encouraged and consideration will be given in the assessment process to the numbers of people reached through the project and the overall value for money. Healthway has identified priority areas for health promotion projects as well as target groups which include children, young people and disadvantaged groups. Applications for innovative, sustainable projects that reach these target groups are particularly encouraged. ₂₇ Mid West Development Commission The Mid West Development Commission provides free assistance and advice to: Mid West Local Government Authorities

Information on government funding and resource programs.

Assisting development of regional and sub-regional plans and strategies to develop and improve infrastructure and services in the Mid West.

Putting local government in touch with the right people and government agencies.

Encouraging local initiatives.

Putting forward the strategic issues affecting local government to the State Government.

Promoting the region’s interests and taking up opportunities to promote the region.

Fostering a community’s capacity to undertake economic and social development

Community organisations

Information on government funding and resource programs.

Putting community organisations in touch with the right people and government agencies.

Encouraging local initiatives. ₂₈ ₂₇ https://www.healthway.wa.gov.au/programs/sponsorship/health-promotion-project-grants/ ₂₈ http://www.mwdc.wa.gov.au/What%20we%20can%20do%20for%20you.aspx

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Regional Development Australia, Midwest Gascoyne Regional Development Australia (RDA) is an Australian Government initiative that aims to bring together all levels of government to enhance the growth and development of regional Australia. Role of the RDA The RDA network is being established throughout Australia to provide a strategic framework for economic growth in each region. There are four key functions that underpin the role of the national network of RDA committees:

provide advice on consultation and community engagement;

regional planning;

promoting whole-of-Government programs, policies and initiatives; and

community and economic development. The network will ensure that input is provided to the Australian, State and Local Governments on regional development issues and priorities; promote regions to secure sustainable long term jobs; promote investment and regional prosperity; and raise awareness of programs and services available to regional communities. The network will also play a key role in ensuring that advice about key issues in the regions is provided to all levels of government. ₂₉

Lotterywest What we can support… Trails Trails grants can help with the planning, development and promotion of all types of trails such as walking, cycling, horse riding and paddling routes. Planning – e.g. trails master plans; design and development of Aboriginal cultural trails. Construction – e.g. construction of trails for walking; mountain biking and horse riding. Upgrade – e.g. additional infrastructure such as a viewing platform; track signage improvements. Promotion and resources – e.g. website providing information on local trails; trail maps. Consultation with The Department of Sport and Recreation (DSR) will form part of the assessment of every application. Before submitting an application, please contact your local DSR office for advice and specific assistance in completing your application. DSR’s contact details for regional offices can be found at on their website or by contacting the Trails Coordinator on 08 9492 9732 or the Perth Office on 08 9492 9700. ₃₀ ₂₉ http://www.rdamwg.com.au/regional-development-australia.html ₃₀ http://www.lotterywest.wa.gov.au/grants/grant-types/trails

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20. Issues & Concerns

19.1 Webberton businesses wanting to purchase Railway Reserve land

The main objection to this project/proposal appears to be coming from the Flores Road business owners whose businesses back on to the old rail reserve. Selling the land limits the benefit of the old rail reserve to a few people whose priority is their own business interests. It then becomes inclusive to a few and it does not fulfill any of the five pillars that form the basis for the community’s aspirations in the Strategic Community Plan and the underlying planning principles of both the Strategy and Scheme. I make reference to the City of Greater Geraldton’s Local Planning Strategy, November 2015, Final, in regards to the possible transition of Webberton to a light and service industry precinct.

3.4.9 Industry. “The strategic road network may not necessarily be able to easily accommodate freight movements through to Webberton, leading to increased industry attraction to Narngulu and/or the Oakajee Industrial Area. Over time, Webberton is likely to transition into a light and service industry precinct, consistent with the area’s location adjacent to the North West Coastal Highway and Webberton Road, and also providing an improved interface with the adjacent residential areas.” ₃₁ We would like to address the possible objection from Flores Road businesses against the City of Greater Geraldton’s 5 pillars of sustainability. Culture - By selling the land, culture is not promoted and our chance to showcase our Aboriginal and European cultural heritage through interpretative signage and public/community art is negated. Environment - The old rail reserve has the potential to be a greenway of native plants and shows the City of Greater Geraldton does truly value our natural environment and is in balance with nature. Social - A Rail Trail will add value to the whole community, helping to build a strong healthy community which is equitable, connected and cohesive. This is a unique opportunity to connect the outer suburbs to the coast and the city centre and to increase the health of the community through exercise (walking, jogging, and bike riding). It will enable those who work in the Webberton area to consider using bicycles as an alternative way of getting to work. Economy - Building a Rail Trail with good infrastructure will contribute towards jobs in the short term and may open up opportunities for other small business like cafes to operate out of the Gatekeepers Cottages. It will support service businesses that already exist along the line, Geraldton Bikes, Supa IGA Wonthella, IGA Express Utakarra and Latitude 28 for example. On weekend its will allow families from the outer suburbs to access the city centre to take advantage of markets, cafes and the foreshore. It offers tourists an incentive to explore more of Geraldton and a reason to spend more time here. Whilst economically it will only benefit a few businesses if they are permitted to purchase rail reserve land behind their existing businesses and properties. Governance - A Rail Trail will give the City of Greater Geraldton an opportunity to be inclusive with civic, community engagement and leadership. It will help promote a trusting relationship between the community, Local Government and other decision makers. It will show the City cares about the community of Geraldton. Selling the old rail reserve land to Flores Road businesses owners does not enhance the City of Greater Geraldton or generally benefit the community. It doesn’t integrate the different social classes or promote health or tourism.

₃₁ http://www.cgg.wa.gov.au/Profiles/cgg/Assets/ClientData/Draft_Local_Planning_Strategy_0.pdf

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19.2 Fear of the Rail Trail becoming a crime trail

The businesses who wish to purchase the old rail reserve land seem concerned that a possible rail trail would become a crime trail and that their business would be possible targets for vandalism and theft. The following is an extract from an article titled “The Cities of the Future Are People-Friendly Cities” by Louise Kielgast, Gehl Architects. The bicycle as social integration In Mexico City, spatial segregation is very distinct with the upper and middle classes living in the city's central areas, while the poor segment of the population is generally relegated to informal settlements on the city's periphery. In the bicycle strategy that Gehl Architects have prepared, this problem is tackled via a comprehensive cycle path network which aims to create mobility through otherwise closed areas and thus enable different social groups to interact. A well-developed cycle path network can also help social inclusion across age groups. Even in very wealthy cities, large groups of people such as children, young people and the elderly are severely limited in their mobility because the city is designed for cars – a means of transport that they cannot use. Cities that are designed for cars are also characterised by large distances and many obstacles which hamper movement on foot and by bicycle. Improving conditions for pedestrians and cyclists ensures that a lot more people can move around in the city. In some of the world's metropolises, the distances are so large that a well-developed cycle path network is insufficient to ensure mobility for all. This is a challenge not only in Mexico City but also in Beijing. Since 2008 Gehl Architects has advised the Planning Institute on how to provide more people friendly city planning. In this instance, a bicycle strategy must be supported by and built up around a public transport system. ₃₂ While researching this report, a strategic plan to integrate the outer eastern suburbs of Geraldton with the City Centre using alternative transport modes was not identified. Therefore, the division of suburbs and the isolation of disadvantaged children/youth/people and seniors is perpetuated rather than creating a vibrant, inclusive and cohesive Geraldton. The Rail Trail would give organisations helping children and youth an opportunity to apply for funding to engage those who are disadvantaged in creating public art works which would help create ownership of the project. It would also provide a multi-use pathway that people without motor vehicles could use to access PCYC, the Aquarena, Skate park, the new Youth Precinct on the foreshore, the proposed Men Shed and Fun City at Sun City Christian Centre. The Rail Trail gives the City of Greater Geraldton a chance to continue its development of city centre vibrancy to the outer suburbs of Geraldton. It would be important to ensure the trail is well lit and that creates an opportunity to look at solar powered lighting or other more economically viable lighting options. ₃₂ http://denmark.dk/en/green-living/bicycle-culture/the-cities-of-the-future-are-people-friendly-cities/

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19.3 Who manages the Rail Trail, Ongoing maintenance and life cycle costs?

The overall construction and responsibility for the Rail Trail would lie with the City of Greater Geraldton however the community, individuals and organisations will be encouraged to assist with the development and construction of this exceptional City Link project. As the project plan is further developed for implementation the full depth of the City of Greater Geraldton’s input would be revealed. A percentage of the Rail Trails in Western Australia listed on the Rail Trails Australia website are managed by the Shires that they are located in. Smaller not for profit organisations would be able to assist but no organisation would have the resources or expertise to manage the infrastructure to a level that would be required to maintain a safe cycle path network. One of the benefits of the Rail Trail following the old rail reserve is the fact that whilst there will be ongoing maintenance and life cycle costs the trail won’t be subject to coastal erosion. The further inland the trail goes, the problem with rust is also lessened. Access for authorised maintenance vehicles could also function as external access for emergency vehicles.

21. Conclusion

The following is an extract from an article titled “The Cities of the Future Are People-Friendly Cities” by Louise Kielgast, Gehl Architects and brings to conclusion the Geraldton Rail Trail report. A sustainable and people-friendly city – how? A city of bicycles naturally needs the right infrastructure including cycle paths and bicycle parking, but also a number of communication initiatives such as campaigns to promote cycling, educating children and special initiatives targeted at groups who do not normally cycle. Such initiatives are important in building a bicycle culture in cities where it is otherwise absent. It is also important to create a quality of urban environment that makes it attractive to move around both on foot and by bicycle. This is a self-perpetuating process since the presence of pedestrians and cyclists significantly contributes to the life of the city and thereby its attraction. In contrast to motorists, cyclists and pedestrians share the characteristic of moving at a moderate pace, making them visible in the cityscape. Cyclists are also flexible in the sense that they can quickly shift from being cyclists to being pedestrians. This creates the conditions for people to see and meet each other in the city. It is equally important to highlight that both cyclists and pedestrians are physically present in the public spaces – in contrast to motorists who are essentially isolated from their physical settings. But the desire to move around in a city on foot or by bicycle does not come by itself, and must be supported by a people-friendly urban environment. ₃₃ The Geraldton Rail Trail project/proposal provides numerous positives for the community of Geraldton and fulfills several strategic planning and objectives at both Local, State and at a Federal Government level. It is in line with the City of Greater Geraldton’s strategic direction and also satisfies not only the five pillars of sustainability but also the number one project, “mobility impaired access upgrades” on the City’s Community Panel Capital Works Rating and Priority Listing for the 10 year’s capital works plan. It would be an injustice to the community of Geraldton if this project did not proceed. ₃₃ http://denmark.dk/en/green-living/bicycle-culture/the-cities-of-the-future-are-people-friendly-cities/

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22. Contact

For more information, please contact: - Sally (Elphick) Edwards President Wonthella Progress Association PO Box 5080 WONTHELLA WA 6530 E admin@wonthellaprogressassociation.org.au M 0477 033 919