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Project Design

Product Design &Process Planning

Need Identification

Operation Design

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PERANCANGAN PROYEKDWI PURNOMO,MT

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PRODUCT DESIGN

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The Four C’s of Design

CreativityRequires creation of something new

ComplexityRequires decision on many Variables and Parameters

ChoiceRequires making choices between many possibsolution

CompromiseRequires balancing multiple conflicting requirements

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Types of Design Project

Variation of Existing ProductImprovement of Existing ProductDevelopment of New Product One-of-a-Kind Design

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Morphology of Design

1. Conceptual Design2. Embodiment Design3. Detail Design4. Planning For Manufacture5. Planning For Distribution6. Planning for Use7. Planning for Retirement of the Product

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Product Design Process

Problem Definition

-Problem Statement-Benchmarking

-QFD-PDS

-Project Planning

GatherInformation

-Internet-Patent-Trade

-Literature

ConceptGeneration

- Brainstorming- Functional

Decomposition-Morphological Chart

Evaluation ofConcept

--Pugh Concept

Selection-Decision Matrices

Parametric Design

-Robust Design -Tolerances

-Final Dimension-DFM

ConfigurationDesign

-Prelim. SelectionMaterials and

Manufacturing-Modeling/sizing of

part

Product Architecture

- Arrangement ofPhysical Elements

to Carry outFunction

Detail Design

- Detail Drawing sand

Specifications

Conceptual Design

Embodiment Design

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Identifying Customer Needs

Gathering Information From Customers

Interview, Focus Group, Customer Survey, and Customer Complaint

Constructing Survey InstrumentEvaluating Customer Needs

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Dimension of Quality for Manufactured Product

PerformanceFeatures

ReliabilityDurability

ServiceabilityConformance

AestheticsPerceived Quality

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Customer RequirementsExpected

There are basic attributes that one would expect to see in the product

SpokenThere are specific features that customer defines the product in terms of these attributes that one would expect to see in the product

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Customer RequirementsUnspoken

These Are Specific Features That Customers Say They Want in the Product.

ExcitersThese Are Product Features That Make the Product Unique and Distinguish It From the Competition

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Quality Function Deployment

A Planning and Problem Solving Tool for Translating Customer Requirements Into the Engineering Characteristics of Product ( Engineering Parameters)

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5Correlation Matrix

4Engineering Characteristic

6Relationship Matrix

7. Absolute Importance8. Relative Importance

9. Technical Competitive Assessment

10. Technical Difficulty11. Target Value

1CustomerReq’ment

“What?”

2CompetitiveAssessment

3Impor-tance

Rating

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Conceptual Design

Process by which the design is initiated, carried to the point of creating a number of possible solution, and

narrowed down to a single best concept

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Product Design Specification

A Document Which Contains All of the Facts Related to the Outcome

of the Product Development

In Use Purpose and MarketFunctional Requirements

Corporate ConstraintSocial, Political, and Legal

Requirements

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Process Planning

Planning of production processes based on

the product design starting from raw

material in to finish good

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Operation Process Chart

Chart describe the operation making process from the beginning ( material

input) to the finish (finished good)ASME symbol:

OperationInspectionOperation and InspectionStorageFlow

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Operation Process Chart

5

4

3

2

1•Cutting•Circular Saw

•Forming•Press

•Make Screw•Drilling

•Cutting•Circular Saw•Polishing•Grinding

•Painting•Sprayer

7 •Make Screw•Drilling

6

I-1

I-218

•Assembly & Inspection

•Mannual

5’

3’

10’

2’

3’

15’

5’

15’

Plywood Pipe

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OPERATION SYSTEM DESIGN

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PERANCANGAN SISTEMAnalisis Permintaan

Perancangan Produk Dan Proses

Penentuan Kapasitas

Penentuan Lokasi

Perancangan Lay Out

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Analisis PermintaanAnalisis Peluang Pasar

Proyeksi Demand Potential (Do)

Market Share ( S )

Proyeksi Demand Effektif (De )De = S.Do

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Sumber PeluangThe UnexpectedThe IncongruityProcess NeedChange

Struktur Industri dan struktur pasarDemografiPersepsi, “mood” dan makna

New Knowledge

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Prinsip InovasiDimulai Dengan Analisis PeluangBersifat Konseptual Dan PerseptualSederhana Dan TerpusatMulai Dengan Yang KecilDitujukan Untuk Menjadi Leader

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Persyaratan

Berorientasi Pada PasarBekerja Hanya Pada Satu BidangSajaMembangun BerdasarkanKekuatan Sendiri

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Demand PotentialTotalitas permintaan produk/jasatanpa memperhatikan siapa yang

akan memasok

Market Size

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Metoda Proyeksi

Market ResearchKwalitatifKwantitatif

Time SeriesCausal

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Demand EffectiveJumlah permintaan produk/jasa

yang diminta konsumen yang dapat diraih oleh pemasok tertentu

Merupakan bagian daridemand potential

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Demand Effective

Do

De

10

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Analisis Market ShareAnalisis Persaingan

5 Forces ( Porter )SubstituteSupplierBuyerNew EntranceCompetitor

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Pengertian KapasitasKapasitas Adalah Kemampuan Maksimum

Dari Suatu Fasilitas Persatuan Waktu

Design(Co) Effektif(Ce) Aktual(Ca)( Designer ) ( Planner ) ( Executor)

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Keterkaitan Antar Kapasitas

Co

Ce

Ca

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Langkah Perhitungan CoDemand Effective

Kapasitas Effektif

Strategi Kapasitas

Kapasitas Design

Loses (L)

Effisiensi (E)

CCR ( R )

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Kapasitas Effektif

Ce = De/(1-L)

Dimana L: loses karena- Kerusakan di gudang- Kerusakan transportasi- Waranty- Sales program

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Policy A : Capacity leads demand

Policy B : Capacity in approximate with demand

Policy C : Capacity legs demand

Capacity DemandsUnits

Time

Time

Time

Units

Units

Capacity

Demands

Demands

Capacity

Strategi Kapasitas

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Capacity Cushion Ratio

R = ( Cx – Cs )/Cx

Dimana:R : Capacity Cushion RatioCx : Marginal ProfitCs : Marginal Production

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Strategi Kapasitas

Lead Demand R > 0.5Lag Demand R < 0.5Equal Demand R = 0.5

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Kapasitas Design

Co = Ce/EDimana

E : Effisiensi Pabrik

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Design LAY - OUT