Progressive Era Can The American Dream "Overcome" The American Nightmare? Why Do Do-Gooders Do The Things They Do? Click me! A IM : D ID THE P ROGRESSIVE E RA GO FAR ENOUGH IN SEEKING DEMOCRATIC REFORMS ? Do Now: What areas in society needed to be changed at the turn of the century? Click me! G OALS OF THE P ROGRESSIVES Protect social welfare Promote morality Economic reforms efficiency Click me! G OALS OF THE P ROGRESSIVES Believed the govt could no longer maintain a laissez-faire attitude Govt responsibility to be guardian of the American people Help poor, solve problems of Indians, improve working conditions Click me! M UCKRAKERS Exposed abuses of industrial society and corruption through writing Click me! F AMOUS M UCKRAKERS Lincoln Steffens corruption in city governments Ida Tarbell illegal tactics of Rockefeller (oil) Jacob Riis conditions of the poor, tenement life and working conditions Click me! F AMOUS M UCKRAKERS Upton Sinclair Jungle meat packing industry Ray Stannard Baker following the color line Frank Norris farmers abuse from the R.R. Click me! Upton Sinclair Click me! A IM : H OW DID THE P ROGRESSIVE M OVEMENT REFORM PROBLEMS IN G OV ' T ? Click me! P OLITICAL R EFORMS Secret Ballot voters were less subject to pressure and intimidation Initiative voters could directly introduce bills in state legislatures and could vote on whether or not that bill passed Click me! P OLITICAL R EFORMS Referendum voters could get a bill placed on ballot vote on an initiative Recall elected officials could be removed by voters in a special election Click me! P OLITICAL R EFORMS Direct primary special elections to determine whom party members wan to represent them 17 th amendment 1912 direct election of senators Click me! A IM : D ID T HEODORE R OOSEVELT OFFER THE A MERICAN PEOPLE A S QUARE D EAL ? Do Now: Should the government be responsible for correcting problems in society? What did TR mean by Square Deal? Click me! T EDDY R OOSEVELT Hero in the Spanish-American War led the Rough Riders to famous victories V.P. under McKinley takes over after his assasination in 1901 at 42 years old Elected officially in 1904 Click me! Teddy Roosevelt Click me! THE T HREE C S OF THE S QUARE D EAL C onsumer Protection C onservation C ontrolling Corporations Click me! T RUST - B USTIN Some were regulated while others were dissolved "Bad" Trusts "Good" trusts "we draw the line against misconduct, not against wealth" Click me! T HE C OAL S TRIKE 1902 Coal mine owners refused to negotiate with workers Send army to take over the mine Won shorter hours & higher wages; no recongnition of union --> landmark compromise Click me! I NTERSTATE C OMMERCE C OMMISSION 1906 Hepburn Act strengthen the ICC It could now set RR rates Regulate pipelines, ferries, bridges ICC --> significant regulatory agency Click me! P URE F OOD A ND D RUG A CT 1906 FDA Banned use of harmful additions in foods and banned false advertising for drugs Required food & medicine containers to carry ingrediant labels Click me! M EAT I NSPECTION A CT 1906 federal investigation of industry set health and sanitary standards for all phases of the meatpacking industry Click me! C ONSERVATION New lands Reclamation Act set $ aside from the sale of public land to build dams and irrigation systems in the west US Forest Service established goverments role as manager of the continuing development of the wilderness "in the past, we have admitted the right of the individual to injure the future of the Republic for his own present profit. The time has come for change." Click me! C ONSERVATION Roosevelt added land to existing parks and created several new ones. 230 million acres were set aside as forest reserves Click me! P ROGRESSIVE P ARTY strong as a bull moose Minimum wage, better conditions, no child labor, suffrage, control business, 8 hr work day Click me! B ULL M OOSE P ARTY T.R. back from Africa to run for Pres New Nationalism fed gov't would extend power and use it for welfare of the people Rep party splits Progressive Party is created Click me! A IM : W HO WAS A BETTER P ROGRESSIVE P RESIDENT ? Do Now: What would a president have to do to compare to T.R. Click me! W ILLIAM H OWARD T AFT He was elected president in 1908 with a popular vote of 7,675,320 to 6,412,294 for Nebraska editor and Democratic candidate William Jennings Bryan, and an electoral vote of 321 to Bryan's 162. Although decisive, Taft's margin of victory was not as great as Roosevelt's had been in the previous election. Click me! William Howard Taft Click me! W ILLIAM H OWARD T AFT Payne Aldrich Tariff highest tariff ever Conservation supported Sec of Interior used land for profit, and sold back to public Click me! Woodrow Wilson Click me! W OODROW W ILSON The New Freedom Strong president Tame big business, open up competition Attack tariffs, trusts and banks: The Triple Wall of Privilege Click me! W OODROW W ILSON Underwood Tariff lowered tariff by 25% Believed high tariffs only helped the rich and hurt the average American Click me! W OODROW W ILSON Graduated income tax 1913 Rich taxed at higher rate than less well off Led to 16 th amendment Source of revenue for gov't Click me! W OODROW W ILSON Federal Reserve Act set up banking system for US Regulate and control money I circulation Click me! W OODROW W ILSON Clayton Anti Trust Act outlawed monopolistic business practices Labor unions were not trusts Workers could strike and picket Click me! W OODROW W ILSON Federal Trade Commission Act created to preserve competition Investigate complaints monitor unfair business practices Click me! W OODROW W ILSON Key Amendments 16 th income tax 17 th senators direct election 18 th - prohibition 19 womens suffrage Click me! If prohibition happened today, what would be some effects? Click me! W OMEN S C HRISTIAN T EMPERANCE M OVEMENT Founded in 1874 Alcohol was a serious problem in society WCTU help with poverty, physical abuse, child neglect, to create a "sober and pure world" Protection from alcohol would solve all of these problems Removal of poverty = abstinence from alcohol. lust-free, alcohol-free, tobacco-free marriages Click me! 18 TH AMENDMENT WCTU gained public support 1917 congress passed the amendment making alcohol illegal Prohibition begins Click me! Anti Saloon League secure a dry (prohibition) nation through national legislation and congressional hearings Click me! W OMEN S R IGHTS MOVEMENT 1848 Seneca Falls Convention Declaration of Sentiments To end legal inequalities faced by married women Click me! 1848 S ENECA F ALLS Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized womens convention, Declaration of Sentiments author, WTM Pres. Susan B. Anthony main goal is womens suffrage, WTM V.P. Click me! Womens leaders Click me! What would be some arguments as to why women should have the right to vote? Click me! W OMEN SHOULD VOTE BECAUSE Getting better jobs Going to college Living in cities increased their awareness of political and social problems Click me! N ATIONAL A MERICAN W OMAN S UFFRAGE A SSOCIATION NAWSA 1890 Fought for womens rights Argued that the US is not a true democracy Instrumental in winning the ratification of 19 th Amendment Click me! 19 TH AMENDMENT 1920 no state can deny a citizen the right to vote based on sex Click me! D OES TREATING PEOPLE EQUALLY MEAN TREATING PEOPLE THE SAME ? Click me! P LESSY VS F ERGUSON landmark United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal." Click me! D URING THE P ROGRESSIVE E RA REFORMS, REFORMS, REFORMS EXCEPT FOR A FRICAN A MERICAN S Click me! B OOKER T W ASHINGTON Social Equality was not a priority economic equality was more important Work for success in order to achieve economic equality Wanted youths to learn a useful trade Achieve economic stability Click me! W.E.B. D U B OIS First African-American to graduate from Harvard University. Created the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) Designed to use the legal system to fight for rights and end segregation Click me! W.E.B. D U B OIS Demanded complete equality Social and economic Fight for equal rights End to voting restrictions Education was the key.