production possibilities curve
DESCRIPTION
Production Possibilities Curve. Graphs to show alternative ways to use an economy ’ s productive resources. Production Possibilities. Economists will use graphs to analyze choices and trade-offs people make. Why? Graphs help us understand how one value relates to another value. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Production Possibilities Curve
Graphs to show alternative ways to use an economy’s productive resources
Production PossibilitiesEconomists will use graphs to analyze
choices and trade-offs people make.Why? Graphs help us understand how one
value relates to another value.Graphs- logical representation of figuresAxes of graphs chart categories and
facts
Drawing a Production Possibilities Curve1. Must decide which goods or services
to examine- Simple graph-Chart2. Country of CapelandShoes vs Watermelons- figures 1.4Vertical axis: shoes= 15 millionHorizontal axis: watermelons= 21
millionOpportunity cost thinking- smart???
Another Way-”Production Possibilities Frontier”3rd alternative- figure 1.5” Benefit of this thinking? Diversify!!!!Thinking on “margin”- multiple
possibilities and trade-offsBoth shoes and watermelonsThe line drawn on the line graph is a
“production possibilities frontier”OPTIONS about Capeland’s production
Efficiency, Growth & CostGraphs (Production possibilities) gives
us a lot of information.Efficiency, growth,opportunity costs of
production of one good or anotherProduction Possibilities Frontier shows
EFFICIENCY- maximizing output and use of resources in production.
Not all economies are efficient
UnderutilizationGraph 1.5- any point inside of the graph
represents underutilization of resources and production of goods. Fewer overall goods produced in economy.
Production of shoes and watermelon not at full potential
Growth Production possibilities curve is a snapshot of
of resources at a specific point in time Real world- resources are “fluid” constantly
flowing and changing Quantitiy/Qualitiy of land, labor, resource Growth = shift to right or increae “T” Reasons???? See above LL&R Decrease????????? “G”
Cost Not necessarily monetary Opportunity Cost- next best alternative COST- one option vs another or sacrifice COST figure 1.5 0 watermelons to 8 million tons = 1 million
shoes (cost) ?? 8/1 2nd step- 14/2?? Incease of only 6- result?
Law of increasing costs As production switches from from one item to
another , more and more resources are necessary to increase production of 2nd item.
Switching from shoes to watermelons costs something
Shoes to watermelons show increasing costs Expense of tradeoff-watermelon to shoes
Law of Increasing CostsFigure 1.7 In the example- why does cost
increase?What are resources best suited for?Do resources & technology impact
production choices?Resources, skill of workers, technology