prison reforms - unodc perspective dr. jayadev sarangi, prison expert unodc rosa apcca,2008...
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Prison Reforms- UNODC perspective
Dr. Jayadev Sarangi, Prison Expert
UNODC ROSA
APCCA,2008
Langkawi, Malaysia,
24th November 2008
UNODC MENU OF SERVICES:RULE OF LAW
JUSTICE• United Nations standards and norms
in crime prevention and criminal justice
• Law enforcement effectiveness accountability and oversight
• Crime prevention• Judicial reform• Juvenile justice• Prison reform• Legal aid• Alternatives to imprisonment • Restorative justice• Violence against women• Support to victims of crime • Vulnerable groups within the criminal
justice system • Extradition and mutual legal
assistance• Witness protection
UNODC MENU OF SERVICES:HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT
• DRUG PREVENTION, TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION Drug abuse prevention Drug dependence treatment and
rehabilitation• HIV/AIDS PREVENTION AND CARE
HIV/AIDS prevention, care and treatment amongst injecting drug users
HIV/AIDS prevention, care and treatment in prisons
HIV/AIDS prevention, care and treatment among people vulnerable to human trafficking
• ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT Alternatives to illicit crop
cultivation Sustainable livelihoods
Realities on the ground
1. Over-crowding2. Majority are remand prisoners 3. High prisoner turnover4. Low civil society participation in prison reforms5. ‘We’ and ‘Them’ Divide6. Protection mechanisms for the weak and vulnerable
inadequate7. Constraints - human and financial resources8. Low awareness - drugs and HIV
Denial – “no sex, no drug, no violence” Sexual risk behaviour – MSM, coercion Large number of married inmates
9. Post release follow up of prisoners is very negligible
Major Achievements
Rolling out interventions in 27 prison sites (e.g., Bangladesh ,Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka)
A critical mass (418 Master Trainers) of human resources trained (including prison officials, health workers and civil society partners)
Reached out to approx. 27000 persons in the prison community including prison inmates and field level prison staff in the region
UNODC Tools
Thank you
Please visit us atwww.unodc.org/india
Tel: 011-42225000
Application of Standard Minimum Rules for Treatment of Prisoners- A Human Rights perspective
Capacity of Member States to apply international standards on the professional management/operation of prisons
Advocate for and create awareness to ensure that adjustment of laws and policies should be in conformity with international standards and norms on diversions, restorative justice and non-custodial sanctions
Increased application by Member States of strategies to improve overall healthcare of prisoners including the reduction of the spread of drugs/HIV in Prisons of South Asia
Sensitization and capacity building of law enforcement officials
Prison Reforms Initiative – ROSA thrust areas
Prevention of drugs and HIV in prisons of South Asia (Project RAS/H71)
Prison Intervention sites
Country No. of sites
Bangladesh
Bhutan2
1
India 4
Maldives 1
Nepal 5
Sri Lanka 14
Total 27
Source: International Centre for Prison Studies, London, 2008
Countries Remand prisoners and/or pre-trial detainees as % of all prisoners
Bhutan NA
India 65.7
Bangladesh 69
Sri Lanka 49.4
Nepal 51
Maldives NA
Source: International Centre for Prison Studies, London, 2008
Countries Capacity Actual population
Occupancy level %
India 263,911 373,271 141.4
Bhutan NA NA NA
Bangladesh
27,451 83,000 302.4
Sri Lanka 10,692 25,537 193.2
Nepal 5,000 6,700 142.6
Maldives 763 1125 147.4