principles of information systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · communication ! e-mail :...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
+
Principles of Information Systems textbook: Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
1
![Page 2: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
+Communication
n E-mail : [email protected]
n Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non. Note – Please send an e-mail if you want to book an appointment.
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
2
![Page 3: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
+House Rules
n Formal Dress
n No Phone No Laptop on the table
n Once I start talking and you are not in the room you are late, welcome to attend but you will be marked as late.
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
3
![Page 4: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
+Exam and Marks
Type Mark
Attendance and Participation 15
Mid-term 1 10
Mid-term 2 10
Lab 1 5
Lab 2 5
Assignment 15
Final 40
Total 100
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
4
![Page 5: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
+Source of Studying
1. Textbook Author: Ralph Stair & George Reynolds Title: “Principles of Information Systems”, Sixth Edition
2. Course Presentation
3. Your own lecture notes
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
5
![Page 6: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
+Course Outline n PART 1 Information Systems in Perspective
n Chapter 1 An Introduction to Information Systems in Organizations
n PART 2 Technology n Chapter 2 Hardware and Software n Chapter 3 Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence n Chapter 4 Telecommunications, the Internet, Intranets, and Extranets
n PART 3 Business Information Systems n Chapter 5 Electronic and Mobile Commerce and Enterprise Systems n Chapter 6 Information and Decision Support Systems n Chapter 7 Knowledge Management and Specialized Information Systems
n PART 4 Systems Development and Social Issues n Chapter 8 Systems Development
n PART 5 Information Systems in Business and Society n Chapter 9 The Personal and Social Impact of Computers
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
6
![Page 7: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
+
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Information Systems in Organizations Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of
Information Systems 7
![Page 8: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
+ Why Learn About Information Systems in Organizations?
n Information systems used by: n Sales representatives n Managers n Financial advisors
n Information systems: n Indispensable tools to help you achieve your career goals
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
8
![Page 9: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
+ Introduction
n Information system (IS): n A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, and forecast
data and information and provide feedback to meet an objective
n Businesses: n Can use information systems to increase revenues and reduce costs
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
9
![Page 10: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
+ Information Concepts
n Information: n One of an organization’s most valuable resources n Often confused with the term data
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
10
![Page 11: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
+ Data, Information, and Knowledge
n Data: n Raw facts
n Information: n Collection of facts organized in such a way that they have value beyond
the facts themselves
n Process: n Set of logically related tasks
n Knowledge: n Awareness and understanding of a set of information
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
11
![Page 12: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Data, Information, and Knowledge (continued)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
12
![Page 13: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
+
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
13
Data, Information, and Knowledge (continued)
![Page 14: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
+
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
14
Data, Information, and Knowledge (continued)
![Page 15: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
+ The Characteristics of Valuable Information
n If an organization’s information is not accurate or complete: n People can make poor decisions, costing thousands, or even
millions, of dollars
n Depending on the type of data you need: n Some characteristics become more important than others
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
15
![Page 16: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
+
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
16
![Page 17: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
+ The Value of Information
n Directly linked to how it helps decision makers achieve their organization’s goals
n Valuable information: n Can help people and their organizations perform tasks more
efficiently and effectively
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
17
![Page 18: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
+ What is an Information System?
n Information system (IS) is a set of interrelated elements that: n Collect (input) n Manipulate (process) n Store n Disseminate (output) data and information n Provide a corrective reaction (feedback mechanism) to meet an
objective
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
18
![Page 19: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
What is an Information System? (continued)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
19
![Page 20: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
+ Input, Processing, Output, Feedback
n Input: n Activity of gathering and capturing raw data
n Processing: n Converting data into useful outputs
n Output: n Production of useful information, usually in the form of documents
and reports
n Feedback: n Information from the system that is used to make changes to input
or processing activities
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
20
![Page 21: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
+ Manual and Computerized Information Systems
n An information system can be: n Manual or computerized
n Example: n Investment analysts manually draw charts and trend lines to assist
them in making investment decisions
n Computerized information systems: n Follow stock indexes and markets and suggest when large blocks of
stocks should be purchased or sold
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
21
![Page 22: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
+ Computer-Based Information Systems
n Single set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures: n That are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data
into information
n Technology infrastructure: n Includes all hardware, software, databases, telecommunications,
people, and procedures n Configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into
information
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
22
![Page 23: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Computer-Based Information Systems (continued)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
23
![Page 24: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
+ Computer-Based Information Systems (continued)
n Hardware: n Consists of computer equipment used to perform input, processing,
and output activities
n Software: n Consists of the computer programs that govern the operation of the
computer
n Database: n Organized collection of facts and information, typically consisting of
two or more related data files
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
24
![Page 25: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
+ Computer-Based Information Systems (continued)
n Telecommunications, networks, and the Internet: n The electronic transmission of signals for communications
n Networks: n Connect computers and equipment to enable electronic
communication
n Internet: n World’s largest computer network, consisting of thousands of
interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
25
![Page 26: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
+ Computer-Based Information Systems (continued)
n Intranet: n Internal network that allows people within an organization to
exchange information and work on projects
n Extranet: n Network that allows selected outsiders, such as business partners
and customers, to access authorized resources of a company’s intranet
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
26
![Page 27: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
+ Computer-Based Information Systems (continued)
n People: n The most important element in most computer-based information
systems
n Procedures: n Include strategies, policies, methods, and rules for using the CBIS
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
27
![Page 28: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
+ Business Information Systems
n Most common types of information systems: n Those designed for electronic and mobile commerce, transaction
processing, management information, and decision support
n Some organizations employ: n Special-purpose systems, such as virtual reality, that not every
organization uses
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
28
![Page 29: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
+ Business Information Systems (continued)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
29
![Page 30: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Business Information Systems (continued)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
30
![Page 31: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
+ Electronic and Mobile Commerce
n E-commerce: n Any business transaction executed electronically between:
n Companies (business-to-business, B2B) n Companies and consumers (business-to-consumer, B2C) n Consumers and other consumers (consumer-to-consumer, C2C) n Business and the public sector n Consumers and the public sector
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
31
![Page 32: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
+ Electronic and Mobile Commerce (continued)
n Mobile commerce (m-commerce): n The use of mobile, wireless devices to place orders and conduct
business
n E-commerce: n Can enhance a company’s stock prices and market value
n Electronic business (e-business): n Uses information systems and the Internet to perform all business-
related tasks and functions
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
32
![Page 33: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Electronic and Mobile Commerce (continued)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
33
![Page 34: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
+ Enterprise Systems: Transaction Processing Systems and Enterprise Resource Planning n Transaction:
n Any business-related exchange, such as payments to employees and sales to customers
n Transaction processing system (TPS): n Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and
devices used to record completed business transactions
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
34
![Page 35: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Enterprise Systems: Transaction Processing Systems and Enterprise
Resource Planning (continued)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
35
![Page 36: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
+ Enterprise Systems: Transaction Processing Systems and Enterprise Resource Planning (continued) n Enterprise resource planning:
n Set of integrated programs that manages the vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
36
![Page 37: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
+ Information and Decision Support Systems
n Management information system (MIS): n Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases,
and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
37
![Page 38: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
+ Information and Decision Support Systems (continued)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
38
![Page 39: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
+ Information and Decision Support Systems (continued)
n Decision support system (DSS): n Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases,
and devices that support problem-specific decision making n Can include:
n A collection of models used to support a decision maker or user (model base)
n A collection of facts and information to assist in decision making (database)
n Systems and procedures (user interface or dialogue manager) that help decision makers and other users interact with the DSS
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
39
![Page 40: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
40
Information and Decision Support Systems (continued)
![Page 41: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
+Specialized Business Information Systems: Knowledge Management, Artificial Intelligence, Expert Systems, and Virtual Reality n Knowledge management systems (KMSs):
n Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices to: n Create, store, share, and use the organization’s knowledge and
experience
n Artificial intelligence (AI): n Computer system takes on characteristics of human intelligence
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
41
![Page 42: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
+ Specialized Business Information Systems (continued)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
42
![Page 43: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
+ Specialized Business Information Systems (continued)
n Expert systems: n Give computer ability to make suggestions and function like an
expert in a particular field
n Virtual reality and multimedia: n Virtual reality:
n Simulation of a real or imagined environment that can be experienced visually in three dimensions
n Multimedia: n Can include photos and images, the manipulation of sound, and
special 3D effects
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
43
![Page 44: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
+ Systems Development
n Systems development: n The activity of creating or modifying existing business systems
n Outsourcing: n Allows a company to focus on what it does best and delegate other
functions to companies with expertise in systems development
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
44
![Page 45: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
+ Systems Development (continued)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
45
![Page 46: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
+ Systems Investigation and Analysis
n Goal of systems investigation: n To gain clear understanding of the problem to be solved or
opportunity to be addressed
n Systems analysis: n Defines the problems and opportunities of the existing system
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
46
![Page 47: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
+ Systems Design, Implementation, and Maintenance and Review
n Systems design: n Determines how new system will work to meet business needs
defined during systems analysis
n Systems implementation: n Acquiring various system components defined in design step,
assembling them, and putting the new system into operation
n Systems maintenance and review: n Checks and modifies the system so that it continues to meet
changing business needs
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
47
![Page 48: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
+
n Organization: n Formal collection of people and other resources established to
accomplish a set of goals n A system n Constantly uses money, people, materials, machines and other
equipment, data, information, and decisions
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
48
Organizations and Information Systems
![Page 49: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
49
Organizations and Information Systems (continued)
![Page 50: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
+
n Value chain: n Series (chain) of activities that includes inbound logistics and warehouse
and storage
n Supply chain management (SCM): n Determines:
n What supplies are required for value chain n What quantities are needed to meet customer demand n How supplies should be processed into finished goods and services n How shipment of supplies and products to customers should be
scheduled, monitored, and controlled
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
50
Organizations and Information Systems (continued)
![Page 51: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
51
Organizations and Information Systems (continued)
![Page 52: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
+
n Customer relationship management (CRM) programs: n Help companies manage all aspects of customer encounters n Can get customer feedback to help design new products and
services
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
52
Organizations and Information Systems (continued)
![Page 53: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
+ Organizational Culture and Change
n Culture: n Set of major understandings and assumptions shared by a group
n Organizational culture: n Major understandings and assumptions
n Influences information systems
n Organizational change: n How organizations plan for, implement, and handle change
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
53
![Page 54: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
+ User Satisfaction and Technology Acceptance n Technology acceptance model (TAM):
n Specifies the factors that can lead to better attitudes about the information system
n Technology diffusion: n Measure of how widely technology is spread throughout an organization
n Technology infusion: n Extent to which technology permeates a department
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
54
![Page 55: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
+ User Satisfaction and Technology Acceptance (continued)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
55
![Page 56: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
+ Competitive Advantage
n Significant and (ideally) long-term benefit to a company over its competition
n Can result in higher-quality products, better customer service, and lower costs
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
56
![Page 57: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
+ Factors That Lead Firms to Seek Competitive Advantage
n The five-forces model: n Rivalry among existing competitors n Threat of new entrants n Threat of substitute products and services n Bargaining power of buyers n Bargaining power of suppliers
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
57
![Page 58: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
+ Strategic Planning for Competitive Advantage
n Strategies: n Cost leadership n Differentiation n Niche strategy n Altering the industry structure n Creating new products and services n Improving existing product lines and service
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
58
![Page 59: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
+ Strategic Planning for Competitive Advantage (continued)
n Other strategies: n Growth in sales n First to market n Customizing products and services n Hiring the best people n Innovation
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
59
![Page 60: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
+ Performance-Based Information Systems
n Major stages in the use of information systems: n Cost reduction and productivity n Competitive advantage n Performance-based management
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
60
![Page 61: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
61
![Page 62: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
+ Productivity
n A measure of output achieved divided by input required
n Higher level of output for a given level of input means greater productivity
n Lower level of output for a given level of input means lower productivity
n Productivity = (Output / Input) × 100%
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
62
![Page 63: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
+ Return on Investment and the Value of Information Systems
n Return on investment (ROI): n One measure of IS value n Investigates the additional profits or benefits that are generated as a
percentage of the investment in IS technology n Earnings growth:
n The increase in profit that the system brings
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
63
![Page 64: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
+ Return on Investment and the Value of Information Systems (continued)
n Market share and speed to market: n The percentage of sales that a product or service has in relation to
the total market
n Customer awareness and satisfaction: n Performance measurement is based on feedback from internal and
external users
n Total cost of ownership: n The sum of all costs over the life of the information system
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
64
![Page 65: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
+ Risk
n Managers must consider the risks of designing, developing, and implementing systems
n Information systems can sometimes be costly failures
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
65
![Page 66: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
+ Careers in Information Systems
n Degree programs: n Information systems n Computer information systems n Management information systems
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
66
![Page 67: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
+ Roles, Functions, and Careers in IS
n Primary responsibilities in information systems: n Operations:
n System operators primarily run and maintain IS equipment n Systems development:
n Focuses on specific development projects and ongoing maintenance and review
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
67
![Page 68: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
+ Roles, Functions, and Careers in IS
n Primary responsibilities in information systems (continued): n Support:
n Provides user assistance in hardware and software acquisition and use, data administration, user training and assistance, and Web administration
n Information service units: n A miniature IS department attached and directly reporting to a
functional area in a large organization
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
68
![Page 69: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
+ Typical IS Titles and Functions
n Chief information officer (CIO): n Employs the IS department’s equipment and personnel to help the
organization attain its goals
n LAN administrators: n Set up and manage the network hardware, software, and security
processes
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
69
![Page 70: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
+ Typical IS Titles and Functions (continued)
n Internet careers: n Internet strategists and administrators n Internet systems developers n Internet programmers n Internet or Web site operators
n Certification: n Process for testing skills and knowledge resulting in an
endorsement by the certifying authority
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
70
![Page 71: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
+ Other IS Careers
n New and exciting careers have developed in security and fraud detection and prevention
n Other IS career opportunities include being employed by technology companies, such as: n Microsoft (www.microsoft.com), Google (www.google.com), Dell
(www.dell.com), and many others
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
71
![Page 72: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
+ Working in Teams
n It is always good for IS professionals to: n Have good communications skills and the ability to work with other
people
n Getting the best team of IS personnel to work on important projects is: n Critical in successfully developing new information systems or
modifying existing ones
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
72
![Page 73: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
+ Finding a Job in IS
n Developing an online résumé can be critical to finding a good job
n Job search approaches: n On campus visits n Referrals from professors, friends, and family members n The Internet:
n Online job sites n Company Web sites n Social networking sites n Blogs
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
73
![Page 74: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
+ Global Challenges in Information Systems
n Cultural challenges
n Language challenges
n Time and distance challenges
n Infrastructure challenges
n Currency challenges
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
74
![Page 75: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
+ Global Challenges in Information Systems (continued)
n Product and service challenges
n Technology transfer issues
n State, regional, and national laws
n Trade agreements
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
75
![Page 76: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
+ Summary
n Data: n Raw facts
n To be valuable, information must be: n Accurate, complete, economical to produce, flexible, reliable, relevant,
simple to understand, timely, verifiable, accessible, and secure
n Types of systems used within organizations: n E-commerce and m-commerce, TPS and ERP, MIS and DSS, and
specialized business information systems
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
76
![Page 77: Principles of Information Systems - uj.edu.sa (3).pdf · 2015-10-11 · Communication ! E-mail : aalzaidi@uj.edu.sa ! Office Hours: Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday from 9am until 12non](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040914/5e8ad768692b593c7e06f2be/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
+ Summary (continued)
n Systems development: n The activity of creating or modifying existing business systems
n Organization: n Formal collection of people and various other resources established
to accomplish a set of goals
n Information systems personnel typically work in an IS department that employs: n A chief information officer, systems analysts, computer
programmers, and computer operators
Dr.Amer Alzaidi Department of Information Systems
77