Presidents, Heroes, and Personalities of the 1920’s

Unit 7: The Roaring 20s (1920 – 1929)

Nicknames for the Roaring 20’s

The Jazz Age Prohibition

The Age of Automobile The Golden Age of Radio The Golden Age of Film

The Decade of Intolerance The Golden Era of Sports The Republican Decade

Review of the Red Scare

Influenza Economic Uncertainty Strikes Race Riots Russian Revolution Fear of Communism

Sacco & Vanzetti Palmer Raids Red Ark Mail Order Bombings

Exit Slip – The Red Scare1. During the Red Scare, many Americans feared a take

over by __________.

a. Communists b. Germany c. Aliens

2. A major cause of the Red Scare was due to the

a. deaths suffered during WW I

b. labor strikes that occurred after WW I

3. Several thousand Americans died of ________ in 1918 – 1919.

a. Tuberculosis b. Polio c. Influenza

4. Sacco & Vanzetti were executed in 1927 for _______ & _______.

a. Bribery & Extortion b. Robbery & Murder

President Warren G. Harding (1921 – 1923)

“Normalcy” – Pro-big business; lower taxes on corporations & people; protect American businesses; reduce federal budget by balancing it. Back to laissez-faire.

The “Ohio Gang” or “Poker Cabinet”

Andrew Mellon (Treasury) and Herbert Hoover (Commerce) were good appointments but others involved in scandals and corruption.

Attorney General Harry Daugherty took bribes from prisoner for pardons.

Charles Forbes Veterans Bureau – sold medicine, etc. meant for disabled vets and pocketed the money! $70,000 on floor cleaner!!!

The Teapot Dome Scandal

1921 – Albert Fall (Interior Sec.) transferred naval oil reserves in CA and WY to private investors for profit.

Served 1 year in prison in 1924

Harding died Aug. 2, 1923

President Harding’s Women

He had a 15 year relationship with Carrie Phillips and fathered a daughter with Susie Hodder.

Nan Britton (right) is the most famous. She wrote The President’s Daughter.

President Calvin Coolidge (1923 – 1929)

Gov. of MA – Boston Police Strike (1919)

“Silent Cal” was pro- big business also

Presided over a booming economy!

1924 re-elected -“Keep Cool With Coolidge”

Foreign Policy during the 1920s

Washington Naval Disarmament Conference (1921) – prevent militarism at sea

Kellogg- Briand Pact (1928) – outlawed war; 62 nations signed it.

Dawes Plan – U.S. banks loaned $$$ to Germany so it could pay reparations. We made a lot of $$$, but Allies thought we were too harsh.

President Herbert Hoover(1929 – 1933)

“The Wonder Boy” trounced Al Smith in 1928 and lost by an ever greater margin to FDR in 1932.

Oct. 29, 1929 – Black Tuesday – stock market crash

The Great Depression destroyed his presidency

PERSONALITIES & HEROESUnit 7: The Roaring 20s (1920-1929)

Charles Lindbergh (Feb. 4, 1902 - Aug. 26, 1974)

Flew solo across the Atlantic on May 21-22, 1927; 33.5 hrs!

“Lucky Lindy” and the “Lone Eagle” were his nicknames.

March 1932 - Charles, Jr. was kidnapped and murdered by Bruno Hauptmann. He was 2.

Charles Lindbergh was the first person to __________.A. Fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.

B. Fly solo across the Pacific Ocean.

C. Fly non-stop across the United States.

[Default][MC Any][MC All]

Amelia Earhart (July 24, 1897 - July 2, 1937?)

May 1932 - first woman to cross Atlantic

Jan 1935 - Hawaii to California

1937 - disappeared in Central Pacific near Howland Islands as she tried to go around world

Jack Dempsey (June 24, 1895 - May 31, 1983)

Held heavy weight boxing title from July 4, 1919 to September 26, 1926 when he lost a 10 round bout with Gene Tunney in Philadelphia.

Sept 1927 - “Battle of Long Count” - lost to Tunney in 10 rounds

84 fights - 62 W’s (51 Ko’s) 6 L’s

Gene Tunney (1898 - 1978)

Joined US Marine Corps during WW I and won AEF Light Heavyweight title in 1919.

Held Heavy Weight title 1926 - 28 and retired the champ (65 Ws).

His son John was a US Senator (ME) 1971- 77.

George Herman “Babe” Ruth (Feb. 6, 1895 - Aug. 16, 1948) Set Record of 60 HR’s

in 154 game season in 1927.

Mark McGuire hit 70 in 1998; Barry Bonds hit 73 in 2001-holds record.

Hit 714 overall with Red Sox, Yankees, Braves

Barry Bonds - 762 holds all-time record (2007)

Retired in 1935 -Boston

“Red” Grange (June 13, 1903 - Jan. 28, 1991) The “Galloping

Ghost” played for the U of Illinois and rushed for 3637 YDs and scored 31 TDs in 20 games.

Played with the Chicago Bears until 1934.

Suffered knee injury in 1927.

Exit Slip – #1 Heroes and Personalities of the 1920s1. T or F: Amelia Earhart was the first person to

fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.

2. T or F: Gene Tunney upset 1920s boxing great Jack Dempsey twice during the decade.

3. T or F: Barry Bonds is currently baseball’s all-time homerun leader.

4. T or F: Red Grange helped to popularize professional football during the 20s.

Gertrude Ederle (Oct. 23, 1906 – Nov. 30, 2003)

Aug. 6, 1925, she became the first woman to swim the English Channel, swimming 35 miles from Calais to Dover in 14 hrs. and 31 min.

Beat men’s time by 1 hr. and 31 min.

Helen Wills (Oct. 6, 1905 - Jan. 1, 1998)

Best women’s tennis player in the world for eight years (1927 - 33 and in 1935).

Rudolph Valentino (May 6, 1895 - Aug. 23, 1926) Immigrated to US in

1913 from Italy. Starred in The Sheik

(1921) and other silent films.

Idolized as “The Great Lover”

Died at age 31 of a ruptured ulcer and created hysteria among public.

Charlie Chaplin (Apr. 16, 1889-Dec. 25, 1977)

Most famous comic actor of the silent movies

Portrayed “The Little Tramp” character in films

Co-founder of United Artists movie studio

Mary Pickford (April 9, 1893 - May 28, 1979).

Canadian-born American Actress appeared in numerous films from 1909 to 1935.

One of wealthiest women in America during the era.

Known as “America’s Sweetheart.”

Henry Ford (1863 – 1947)

Made first car in 1896 1908 – First Model T

Produced 1914 – Assembly Line 1924 - $260 compared to

$850 in 1908 1926 – 40 hour week

introduced Used scientific

management and incentives to motivate workers.

Marcus Garvey (Aug. 17, 1887 - June 10, 1940)

Pioneered “Back to Africa” movement in Harlem from 1919 - 1926.

Approved of segregation and KKK.

Criticized by DuBois. In 1922 sentenced to 5

years for mail fraud involving Black Star Line.

Served 2 years and was exiled in 1927 to London.

Duke Ellington (Ap. 29, 1899 - May 24, 1974)

Famous Jazz pianist and band leader of Roaring 20s and beyond.

Played the famous Cotton Club of Harlem regularly during the 20s.

Toured until 1970.

Exit Slip – #2 Heroes and Personalities of the 1920s 1. Gertrude Ederle became the first woman to swim what

body of water in 1925?

a. Lake Erie b. Panama Canal c. English Channel

2. Rudolph Valentino and Mary Pickford were famous __________.

a. Actors b. Singers c. Bootleggers

3. The name of Henry Ford’s best-selling car of the 1920s?

a. Oldsmobile b. Model A c. Model T

4. Duke Ellington was associated with _______.

a. Jazz b. Basketball c. Auto Racing