Welcome ToThe Presentation OnBIO-FUEL FROM SOLID GREEN WASTE

COURSE NO-ME 3100 COURSE TITLE-SPECIAL STUDIES

Supervised By:

Dr. Khandkar Aftab HossainProfessorDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringKhulna University of Engineering & Technology

Presented By:Md. Shariful Islam

Roll: 1205004Section : A

Present Energy Condition

Energy demand is increasing. Major demand is fulfilled from the conventional energy. Usage of fossil fuels creates environmental threads. Renewable energy can be a solution at this situation. Geo-energy, Hydroelectric, solar, wind and wave, Biomass Biomass is one of the promising environment friendly

renewable energy

Biomass

Organic materials, derived from plants or animals sources.

Combination of CO2, water and sunlight. Microorganisms and bacteria gives the constituent of biomass Biomass is a green house gas (GHG) emission neutral

energy source.

Constituents of Biomass

Cellulose Hemicelluloses Lignin

Sources of Biomass

Biomass

Forest Residue

s

Agricultural

Residues

Industrial

green Waste

Energy Crops

Sources of Biomass

Forest Residues: Cotton seed hairs, Tree branches, tops of trunks, stumps, branches, and Leaves etc..

Industrial green Waste: Citrus peels, sugarcane bagasse, milling residues, olive husks.

Agricultural Residues: Stalks and leaves, corn Stover, wheat husk and rice straw.

Energy Crops: Switch grass, miscanthus, bamboo, sweet sorghum, tall fescue, kochia, wheatgrass, and others.

Sources of Biomass

Bio-Diesel

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel to conventional diesel.

Produced from straight vegetable oil, animal oil/fats, or recycled restaurant greases.

Can be produced from Green Solid Waste.(Our concern)

Why Bio-Diesel?

Reduce dependence on foreign petroleum. Leverage limited supplies of fossil fuels. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Reduce air pollution, health risks.

Green Waste

Produced from regular maintenance of gardens, parks and agricultural field.

Consists of all plant materials: branches, logs, leaves, stumps, grass, sticks, and other woody materials.

Biomass Conversion Disposed in many ways: Burying in landfills, using as

mulch, composting, vermin-composting. Converted into useful energy sources.

Pyrolysis A thermo-chemical decomposition . Temperatures between 400 ° C and 1000 °C Absence of oxygen or other reagents. Produces a large number of chemical substances.

Types of Pyrolysis

pyrolysis

Fast pyrolysi

s

Flash pyrolysi

s

Slow pyrolysi

s

Fast Pyrolysis Rapidly heated to a temperature around 650 ⁰C-

1,000 ⁰C . 50–75% bio-oil, 10–30% bio-char, and 12–20%

Gaseous product.

Pyrolysis Principle

Thermal decomposition of organic components. at 350–550 0C and goes up to 700-800 0C in the absence

of air/oxygen. The long chains of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

compounds in biomass break down into smaller molecules.

Rate and amount of decomposition gases, tars and char depends on the process parameters of the reactor.

Pyrolysis Process Steps

Characteristics of Pyrolysis Fuel &A Comparison with Fossil Diesel

Application of Pyrolysis Fuel

Pyrolysis Economics

Unable to compete economically with fossil fuels. Production cost of pyrolysis product is higher compared to

production of fossil fuel. The main component of pyrolysis plants are the reactor,

represents only 10%–15% of the total capital cost. The rest of the cost consists of biomass collection, storage

and handling, biomass cutting, dying and grinding, product collection and storage.

Recommendations

Pyrolysis is still an immature technology commercially.

Need to overcome many technical, economic and social barriers to compete with traditional fossil fuels.

Proper biomass selection is also a critical issue. Biomass with high cellulose content could be

chosen. Biomass with low water content is desirable.

THANKS TO ALL

QUESTIONS??