presentation ibs ikea
TRANSCRIPT
International Business Strategy: IKEAInternational Business Strategy: IKEA
Katarzyna Gawor Soňa Halásová Friedemann Polzin
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IKEA – OverwievGlobal business strategy
Generic Strategy
Organizational structure
Operational strategy
CSR
Regional Strategy in CEE
Swedwood
New markets – sourcing and customers
Local strategy in Slovakia
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IKEA – historic backgroundIKEA Svenska AB (1943) Ingvar Kamprad→
Entering the Scandinavian market (1963)
Expansion into Europe and first steps overseas Switzerland and Germany in the 1970’s
Fall of the Iron Curtain full entry into CEE→
→ Swedwood
Entry to the British market aquisition of Habitat→
Further expansion China and Russia→
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Facts & Figures
The IKEA Group: 253 stores in 24 countries 41 trading service offices in 30 countries 27 distribution centres and 11 customer distribution centres in 16 countries
183 stores in Europe (the largest market) 46 in North America 11 in Russia10 in China and Japan 3 in Australia
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Facts & FiguresProducts:
wide range of products including approx. 9500 standarized models of flat pack furniture avialable in IKEA stores all over the world
Houses & flats – BoKlok in Scandinavia & in the UK (since 1996)
Family Mobile in the UK (since 2008)
Product names special naming system developed by IKEA
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Facts & Figures
Employees:Coworkers by region
Asia and Australia: 7.650
North America:16.800
Europe:103.350
Coworkers by function
Purchasing, distribution, wholesale:14.500
Swedwood Group 17.100
Retail 96.200
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Facts & figures
Sales
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Facts & Figures
Sales:
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Facts & Figures
Purchasing:
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Corporate structure Stichting INGKA Foundation
INGKA Holding B.V.
The IKEA Group:
Services B.V. IKEA Services AB
Inter IKEA Holding S.A.
Inter IKEA Systems B.V.
IKEA stores
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Business strategyMission
„to create a better everyday life for the many people”
Target group
young low to middleincome family
Organisational structure
centralized control over functional activities + low costs + enhenced quality from international
suppliers
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Operating strategy
IKEA's success based on the idea →of keeping cost between manufacturers
and customers down Innovative cost saving
in both upstream and downstreamR&D centralized in Sweden
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Global strategy
Generic strategies: costseeking diversification focus strategy
Modified value chain: cut costs in both upstream and downstream twoway value system between customers, suppliers, and IKEA's headquarters forward integration Swedwood
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Marketing & CommunicationHow does IKEA achieve it?
Standarized products – selfassembly flat pack furniture Catalogue & a loyalty program Good service: stores restaurants & food minimarkets children play areas Corporate culture
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IKEA’s internationalization
Expansion strategy:
Subsidiaries – a common way
Franchising
Strategic alliances
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Social & environmental responsibility at IKEA
IWAY:
internal policy
external approach – Forestry policy
Cooperation with other companies, trade unions and organizations :
„UNICEF” „WWF” „Save the Children”
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Central and Eastern Europe
Strategy
Generic Strategy
Next targets
Markets
Distribution
SourcingSwedwood
Critics
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CEE – Where is IKEA?
Open retail stores:
Czech Republic 1991 (4 stores)Brno 1998 11,800Ostrava 2001 17,000Prague (Cerny Most) 2004 23,500Prague (Zlicin) 1996 22,700
Hungary 1990 (2 stores)Budapest 1990 26,100Budapest (Budaörs) 1999 19,800
Slovakia 1995 (1 store)Bratislava 1995 21,500
Plans for 2009:Poland (1 store)Lodz August 2009 33,100
Poland 1991 (7 stores)Gdansk 1993 11,500Katowice 2000 23,400Krakow 1998 11,800Poznan 1991 14,600Warsaw (Janki) 1993 23,700Warsaw (Targowek) 2001 23,100Wroclaw 1996 12,600
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CEE – (Generic) Strategy
Costseeking – price leadershipSuppliers (Poland, Slovakia Swedwood)MarketseekingPresent in the biggest Cities/Countries (first in Poland 1991)Knowledge Seeking (Forest Industry & Training service offices)
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CEE Predictions
Prospects
New outsourcing wave due to financial crises
Increase efficiency and cut costs in CEE
Ikea built subsidiary after subsidiary
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CEE Ukraine
Next Target: Ukraine10 % increase in GDPWarehouses are built in the periphery of the citiesProblem: not all Ukrainians have carsConsumption behaviour is different
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CEE Romania
21032007 officially inaugurated a unit in the Baneasa Shopping Centre.Moaro Trading operates the IKEA franchise in Romaniadecision to enter Romania was triggered by economic growthrates over past few years and recent EU accessionAlready a significant amount of IKEA products are made in Romania20 % lower prices compared to foreign suppliers / competitors
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CEE Distribution
KISS – keep it small and simple
Distribution Warehouse in Wels (Austria) for Central and Eastern Europe
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CEE Sourcing
Without Poland Ikea would be lostOne of the most important production locations600 Million € turnoverOwn production and over 90 suppliers12 % of the whole IKEA production
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Swedwood
Business Area Forest and Sawmills East
Business Area Components and Furniture East
Source: www.swedwood.com
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Swedwood History
originally formed as a result of the political and economic upheaval that changed the face of Eastern EuropeIKEA could not be sure it would be able to continue getting its important share of furniture from the affected regionTo safeguard itself against the loss of vital suppliers, IKEA formed Swedwood as a subsidiary on April 1, 1991Initial task: participate, when necessary, in the privatisation of IKEA suppliersToday Swedwood has evolved into an IKEA supplier with advanced production facilities of its own, mainly in Eastern Europe
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Swedwood Figures
Steady growth
2000: Zbaszynek in Poland built
2002: Sawmill in Russia built
2005: new factory in Poland builtSource: www.swedwood.com
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CEE Critics
IKEA has social and ecological imageSurvey by Dutch Labour Unions (2003)Investigate in working conditions and working relations in IKEA suppliersSurvey took place outside of the Company sphereControl of facilitiesBreach of IKEA Behaviour Codex: no free salary negotiations – very low salariesInsufficient external control
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IKEA in Slovakia two main reasons:
1. qualified labor force 2. material (wood) in good quality and quantity
big challenge and advantage for bigger furniture producers in Slovakia threat for smaller producers
new view on a system of living as a whole not just a separated units of the furniture IKEA force another producers on Slovakia to cut their costs and improve effectiveness
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IKEA in Slovakia Figures
In the financial year 2008:
Sales volume – rose by 16%
Turnover – 2,1 milliards SKK
Visitors – 2,3 millions
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IKEA in Slovakia Suppliers
Suppliers in Slovakia:
Covered by Ikea Group: Swedwood( Trnava, Závažná Poruba, Malacky II) and Ikea components (Majcichov, Malacky I)
Slovak companies: Ekotech Fiľakovo, Lenos Levice, Sanas Sabinov
International companies with production in Slovakia: Lind Mobler(Krupina)
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IKEA in Slovakia Competitors
KIKA
Möbelix
Nábytok Galan
Asko nábytok
partially also Hornbach and Baumax
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IKEA in Slovakia Advantages
Ability to cut cost and have lower prices
Good position
Special opening hours
Avion Shopping Park – from 2002
Fast growth of the Slovak market
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The Final Slide
Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!
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Resources
Seminar Paper “International Business Strategy” by Katarzyna Gawor, Sona Halasova and Friedemann Polzin
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Licence
Copyright © 2008, Friedemann Polzin, Katarzyna Gawor and Sona Halasovathe contents of this documentation may be used under the terms of either the GNU Free Documentation License 1.2 or the Public Documentation License.GNU Free Documentation License NoticeCopyright © 2008, Friedemann Polzin, Katarzyna Gawor and Sona HalasovaPermission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no FrontCover Texts, and no BackCover Texts.A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.txt.Public Documentation License NoticeThe contents of this Documentation are subject to the Public Documentation License Version 1.0 (the "License"); you may only use this Documentation if you comply with the terms of this License. A copy of the License can be found at http://www.openoffice.org/licenses/PDL.html.The Original Documentation is "International Business Strategy IKEA".The Initial Writers of the Original Documentation are Friedemann Polzin, Katarzyna Gawor and Sona Halasova, Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.Initial Writer contact(s): friedemann@fhj.deContributors are: