Paris17-18 Mar 2011

Preparations for WRC-12Preparations for WRC-12

WRC -12 AGENDA ITEM 1.3 WRC -12 AGENDA ITEM 1.3 ON UASON UAS

Presented byJohn Taylor

EUR RPS for WRC-12 preparation

UASUAS

– Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) consists of Unmanned Aircraft (UA) and associated Control Stations. Unmanned aircraft are powered, aerial vehicles that do not carry a human pilot, use aerodynamic forces to provide vehicle lift, and may fly autonomously or be piloted remotely

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UASUASAPPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS

• Two groups of UAS applications, anticipated fields of operation examples for each mission type

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AIRSPACE ISSUESAIRSPACE ISSUES

• UAS operations have been limited to segregated (restricted airspace)

• Advancements in design and technology• Expanding deployment in a variety of roles• More favorable in repetitive, routine, long

duration operations• Requirement for safe integration into non-

segregated (non-restricted) airspace• Integration into the Air Traffic Control system

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Communication linksCommunication links

• Integration into Air Traffic Control system and national airspace

• Operation in civil airspace with other air traffic • Operation must be transparent to all other users as if UAS

were a manned aircraft• Requirement for communication links with UAS• Three main types of communication links• Command and Control link• Relay of Air Traffic Control communications• Relay of Sense and Avoid communications

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Communication LinksCommunication Links

• Seamless integration of UAS in civil airspace• Requirement for maintaining safety of flight• Requirement for short range line of sight communications• Requirement for beyond line of sight communications• The two types of communication requirements have a profound

effect on the amount spectrum needed• Hence WRC-07 placed and agenda item on the next WRC-12

to identify spectrum for UAS

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WRC-Agenda Item 1.3WRC-Agenda Item 1.3

• to consider spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including allocations, in order to support the safe operation of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), based on the results of ITU‑R studies, in accordance with Resolution 421 (WRC‑07

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3Resolution 421 Invites ITU-RResolution 421 Invites ITU-R

• to conduct in time for WRC‑12 the necessary studies leading to technical, regulatory and operational recommendations to the Conference, enabling that Conference to decide on appropriate allocations for the operation of UAS

• that the studies referred to in invites ITU‑R 1 should include sharing and compatibility studies with services already having allocations in those bands

• to produce a report or a recommendation, as appropriate, on how to accommodate the radiocommunication requirements for UAS payloads

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3

Spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including allocations, for safe operation of UAS

ISSUES• What are the technical characteristics• What are the protection requirements• How much spectrum will be required• Identification of current allocations that can accommodate

UAS• Identification of additional frequency allocations if required• Ensuring compatibility with existing radiocommunication

services• What possible regulatory actions will be required by the

Conference

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3

Spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including

allocations, for safe operation of UAS

Work being undertaken in WP 5B• Spectrum requirement identified 34 MHz terrestrial

56 MHz Satellite (including feeder links)• ITU-R M.2171 (Doc. 5B/296 Annex 16)• Framework towards DN Report ITU-R M.[UAS-BANDS]

(Doc.5B/296 Annex 14) • Draft CPM text (Doc. 5B/296 Annex 19)• Work plan (Doc. 5B/296 Annex 18)

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3

Spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including

allocations, for safe operation of UAS

• Communications Scenario for line of sight

ATC

UA

Control Station

Uplink : CS to UA1. CS to UA Downlink : UA to CS2. UA to CS

Spectrum requirementLOS = 1+2 = 34 MHz

12

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3

Spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including

allocations, for safe operation of UAS

Communication Scenario for beyond line of sight

ATC

UAV

CS

1

4

3

2

SatelliteSpectrum requirement

PILOT/SAT (UL+DL) = 1 + 4 = 28 MHz+

SAT/UA (UL+DL) = 2 + 3 = 28 MHz

TOTAL BLOS = 2 x 28Hz = 56MHz

Forward link:

1. Uplink : CS to satellite2. Downlink : satellite to UAReturn link :

3. Uplink : UA to satellite4. Downlink : satellite to CS

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3

Spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including

allocations, for safe operation of UAS

Candidate frequency bands

• 960 –1 164 MHz

• 1 545–1 555 (space-to-Earth) and 1646.5–1656.5 MHz (Earth-to-space)

• 1610-1626.5 MHz (space-to-Earth and Earth-to-space)

• 5 000–5 150 MHz and 15.4-15.7 GHz

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3

Frequency Band Analysis

• 960 –1 164 MHz• In-band systems• Co-site compatibility• Inter-site compatibility• Existing adjacent band systems• Potential future in-band systems

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 Frequency Band AnalysisFrequency Band Analysis

1 545-1 555 MHz (space-to-Earth), 1 610-1 626.5 MHz (space-to-Earth and Earth-to-space), and 1 646.5-1 656.5 MHz (Earth-to-space)

• AMS(R)S allocation in portions of these bands

• Could be used for UAS communications links

• These bands also under study in WRC Agenda Item 1.7

• UAS communications would need to be specified and standardized for use over satellite links

• RAS must be protected

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 Frequency Band AnalysisFrequency Band Analysis

5 000-5 150 MHz

• Suitable for UAS links

• AMS(R)S and AMRS allocations

• Need to protect MLS and RNSS

• Potential sub-band usage

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3

CURRENT STATUS OF WORK ITU-RCURRENT STATUS OF WORK ITU-R

• ITU-R M.2171, M.2204, M.2205• Draft new Reports ITU-R M.[UAS-Bands

New Alloc] and ITU-R M.[UAS PERF and REQ]

• CPM-11 text has been published

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3

ICAO POSITION ON 1.3ICAO POSITION ON 1.3• To support, based on the results of studies identified in

Resolution 421, any modification to existing allocations, or new allocations required to accommodate UAS operations in non-segregated airspace while maintaining the safety and regularity of flight of all types of aircraft.

• Accordingly, to ensure that allocations used, in particular, for UAS command and control, ATC relay and sense and avoid in non-segregated airspace are in the AM(R)S, AMS(R)S and/or ARNS and do not adversely affect existing aeronautical systems

• To oppose the use of this agenda item to seek new spectrum allocations to meet payload requirements.

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WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3

UAS UAS

ENDEND