preliminary audit analysis

City of Easthampton PRELIMINARY AUDIT ANALYSIS

Energy Performance Project

February 19, 2021

City of Easthampton SECTION A

Preliminary Audit Analysis

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Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... 1

Section A: Overview ..................................................................................................................... 2

IGA Contract Steps and Milestone Goals .................................................................................. 2

Summary of Preliminary Audit Analysis – Our Findings ........................................................ 3

Key Benefits to the City ......................................................................................................... 3

IGA Facilities ............................................................................................................................. 4

PAA Development Approach ..................................................................................................... 4

Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 14

Recommendation .................................................................................................................... 15

Appendices ................................................................................................................................. 16

1. IGA Agreement – Facility List ........................................................................................... 16

2. Annual Energy and Water, Cost and Consumption, by Facility ....................................... 17

3. Benchmark Savings Analysis by Building ........................................................................ 24

4. Complete List of ECMs Considered ................................................................................. 31



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Section A: Overview Honeywell is excited to partner with the City of Easthampton (City) as your Energy Services Company (ESCO) to develop a comprehensive energy savings and infrastructure renewal program through performance-based contracting. The Investment Grade Audit (IGA) agreement between the City and Honeywell outlines the scope of work, process steps and timeline required to complete and present the final IGA. This Preliminary Audit Analysis (PAA) was developed for the City according to the requirements of the Investment Grade Audit Services Agreement (Agreement) between the City and the Honeywell Energy Services Group (Honeywell). The IGA Agreement defines the deliverables of the PAA as follows: Complete list of all potential energy and water conservation opportunities;

Identify energy and water conservation measures that seem likely to be cost effective and therefore warrant detailed analysis;

For each energy and water conservation measure, prepare a preliminary estimate of energy or water cost savings by identifying the typical simple payback range.

The PAA is the first of three major deliverables required by the Agreement. The goal of the PAA is to provide a list of potential Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs), identify the most cost-effective ECMs for further analysis, and present a preliminary estimate of typical simple payback ranges for the ECMs. The ECM types are organized in Technical Categories related by technology or function, promoting a common reference by building and general definition. With this PAA in hand, the City and Honeywell will work together to agree on a subset of ECMs which will be the basis for the Draft Technical Energy Audit Report (DTEAR), the next major deliverable. Upon completion of the DTEAR, the City and Honeywell will review and select the final list of ECMs to be included in the final major deliverable, the Optimize IGA phase. At the completion of the Optimize IGA phase Honeywell will present a final IGA report to the City. The final IGA represents the optimized project, which is the basis for the Energy Management Services Agreement (EMSA) contract for the implementation of the final ECMs.

IGA Contract Steps and Milestone Goals Key steps and target milestone goals to achieve major deliverables as reviewed and discussed with the City include: Weekly joint progress meetings;

Monthly reporting to joint executive leadership teams;

Honeywell submits Preliminary Audit Analysis (PAA) – Feb 19, 2021;

Honeywell submits Draft Technical Energy Audit Report (DTEAR) – Mar 12, 2021;

City and Honeywell develop final IGA Scope of Work (SOW) – Mar 18, 2021;

Honeywell submits Optimized IGA – Mar 26, 2021; and

City and Honeywell execute EMSA contract – May 21, 2021.



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Summary of Preliminary Audit Analysis – Our Findings

Honeywell has identified the potential to reduce annual energy and water costs by approximately 11.2% per year, or an estimated $50,420 in annual energy and water savings based on the list of facilities included in the IGA Agreement. Honeywell estimates that the energy and water savings, coupled with potential solar energy generation opportunities, projected utility rebates, and CARES funding contribution will support a 20-year self-funded performance-based contracting project of $4,611,022 to be used for upgrades to City facilities. Assumptions used in this estimate along with the general calculation are as follows:

Total Annual Energy & Water Savings $50,420

Total Annual Solar Generation Value1 $160,337

Total Utility Incentives2 $95,889

Total CARES Funding Contribution3 $300,000

Project Term 20 Years

Potential Performance-Based Contracting Project Size $4,611,022 1Generation value based on approximate unblended rate on a facility-by-facility basis (~ $0.12/kWh on average) 2Incentives are subject to change based on funding availability and will need in-depth analysis and review to finalize, estimate based on current custom program offerings provided by the utility ($0.325/kWh and $2.00/Therm) 3Approximate amount available based on initial discussions with the City

Potential Performance-Based Contracting Project Size = (Total Annual Energy & Water Savings + Total Annual Solar Generation Value) × Project Term + Total Utility Incentives + Total CARES Funding Contribution

Further, our experience reflects that the proposed ECMs will improve employee, student and visitor comfort, and increase the reliability of the mechanical and electrical systems within the IGA facilities. The upgrades will also augment the City’s existing programs by enhancing innovation, promoting community engagement and learning, and by providing technical and financial programs to reduce energy consumption (or use) and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions ahead of Climate Action Plan goals. Key Benefits to the City

Provides $4,611,022 in capital infrastructure investment, without any upfront payments or additional capital cost;

Reduces municipal carbon emissions in IGA facilities by 268 Tons per year or 14.2% of the proposed baseline period emissions;

Takes advantage of 3rd party utility incentives and rebates, excluding the potential for grants and renewable or alternative energy credits;

Frees-up City capital for other critical priorities, avoiding or offsetting future capital cost requirements for equipment and infrastructure nearing the end of its useful life;

Supports a long-term cultural focus on energy efficiency by employees, students and visitors;

Improves mission reliability of critical City facilities such the Public Safety Complex, Water Department, and Wastewater Plant through the installation of new equipment and infrastructure;

Minimizes long-term exposure to volatile energy costs by reducing energy consumption;

Reduces energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions ahead of the City’s Climate Action Plan goals;

Enhances current Operations & Maintenance (O&M) programs and procedures; and

Offsets project costs with Honeywell’s first-party annual energy savings guarantee.



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IGA Facilities As noted in Appendix 1, the IGA Agreement includes six (6) facilities totaling 213,332 square feet of building space. A summary of the facilities included is provided in the table below:

Building Address Area

(Sq. Ft.)

Council on Aging 19 Union Street, Easthampton, MA 01027 10,660

Public Safety Complex 32 Payson Avenue, Easthampton, MA 01027 48,626

Municipal Building 50 Payson Avenue, Easthampton, MA 01027 25,840

Water Department 109 Hendrick Street, Easthampton, MA 01027 3,926

Wastewater Plant 10 Gosselin Drive, Easthampton, MA 01027 13,880

Easthampton High School 70 Williston Avenue, Easthampton, MA 01027 110,400

PAA Development Approach

As noted, the intent of the PAA is to:

List all potential ECM opportunities;

Identify ECMs that seem likely to be cost effective and warrant a detailed analysis; and

Prepare a preliminary estimate of energy and water cost savings to include a simple payback range. PAA development included the following steps:

Identification of all potential ECM opportunities based on Honeywell’s experience and the findings of the preliminary surveys of the selected IGA facilities;

Review the past thirty-six (36) months of utility data for the IGA facilities to establish a baseline;

Perform a detailed benchmarking analysis to determine potential cost savings;

Identify simple payback ranges by ECM using the benchmarking analysis and Honeywell’s history of implementing these ECMs.

Identification of all potential ECM opportunities based on Honeywell’s experience and the findings of the preliminary surveys of select IGA facilities

Honeywell Solution Development Engineers (SDE) performed preliminary facility surveys at each of the selected locations. The surveys included interviews with City personnel that had specific knowledge of the facilities, energy systems, operations and maintenance practices. Based on observed field conditions and problem areas identified, a list of potential ECMs to be considered was developed for each facility. In the next report iteration, a detailed Existing Conditions Report (ECR) will be presented for each facility to fully describe the existing conditions of all major systems.

Preliminary Survey Facilities

Building Area

(Sq. Ft.) Utility Cost (Baseline)

Council on Aging 10,660 $10,494

Public Safety Complex 48,626 $76,045

Municipal Building 25,840 $58,811

Water Department 3,926 $71,366

Wastewater Plant 13,880 $87,819

Easthampton High School 110,400 $146,811

TOTAL 213,332 $451,347



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Review of the most recent thirty-six (36) months of utility data for the IGA facilities to establish a baseline:

The IGA Agreement requires the ESCO to establish base year consumption for electricity, natural gas, fuel oil, and water by examining utility data over the past thirty-six (36) months. Honeywell performed a detailed analysis of the utility data provided by the City for Calendar Years (CY) 2017, 2018, 2019 for electric, natural gas and fuel oil, and 2018, 2019 and 2020 for water. This analysis is based on annual total energy and water use and cost by utility source for each facility included in the IGA Agreement. The data was extracted from utility summary data provided by the City for each account. Reasonable estimations were included where required to ensure a complete baseline dataset. During the DTEAR and Optimized IGA phases, a monthly utility bill analysis, including commodity, demand, and transportation charges will be performed for each included facility. For detailed information on annual energy, water, cost and consumption by facility please see Appendix 2. The following trends were noted when comparing the summary utility data provided for the six (6) included facilities during the period of CY2017 to CY2020: The consumption and costs for electric and natural gas have held relatively stable over the time period

included in this analysis;

o Electric consumption increased 9.9% between CY2017 and CY2018, and subsequently decreased 0.9% in CY2019;

o Natural gas consumption increased 6.2% between CY2017 and CY2018, and subsequently decreased 7.9% in CY2019;

The consumption and costs for fuel oil experienced more dramatic swings year over year however, the impact is relatively insignificant as this is by far the least cost intensive utility and can be influenced by storage capabilities;

o Fuel oil consumption decreased 72.2% between CY2017 and CY2018, and subsequently increased 221.9% in CY2019;

Water consumption is the most volatile utility with consumption decreasing sharply over the time period included in this analysis; o Water consumption decreased 56.2% between CY2018 and CY2019; o Water consumption for CY2020 was not included in the analysis as it appears to be heavily

impacted by occupancy changes due to COVID-19; o This large swing in water consumption will be evaluated further during the next phase of project

development Energy and water usage, and costs for this period are summarized in the tables and figures below.

Total Annual Energy Costs

Utility CY2017 CY2018 CY2019

Cost Cost Cost

Electricity $288,439 $313,822 $284,707

Natural Gas $45,151 $56,370 $70,113

#2 Fuel Oil $11,322 $3,691 $13,677

TOTALS $344,913 $373,883 $368,497



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Total Annual Water Costs

Utility CY2018 CY2019 CY20202

Cost1 Cost1 Cost1

Water $123,664 $54,168 $25,718

TOTALS $123,664 $54,168 $25,718 1The City is not billed for water, assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report 2This year is excluded due to changes in building occupancy



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Total Annual Energy Consumption

Utility Billed Units

CY2017 CY2018 CY2019

Use MMBTU Use MMBTU Use MMBTU

Electricity kWh 1,569,539 5,357 1,724,186 5,885 1,708,877 5,832

Natural Gas Therm 69,804 6,980 74,139 7,414 68,261 6,826

#2 Fuel Oil Gal 7,203 998 2,005 278 6,453 894

TOTALS 13,335 13,576 13,552

Total Annual Water Consumption

Utility Units CY2018 CY2019 CY20201

Use Use Use

Water CCF 15,400 6,746 3,203

TOTALS 15,400 6,746 3,203 1This year is excluded due to changes in building occupancy



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Total Annual Energy Consumption and Cost


Use Cost Use Cost Use Cost

Electricity kWh 1,569,539 $288,439 1,724,186 $313,822 1,708,877 $284,707

Natural Gas Therm 69,804 $45,151 74,139 $56,370 68,261 $70,113

#2 Fuel Oil Gal 7,203 $11,322 2,005 $3,691 6,453 $13,677

TOTALS $344,913 $373,883 $368,497

Total Annual Water Consumption and Cost


Use Cost1 Use Cost1 Use Cost1

Water CCF 15,400 $123,664 6,746 $54,168 3,203 $25,718

TOTALS $123,664 $54,168 $25,718 1The City is not billed for water, assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report 2This year is excluded due to changes in building occupancy

The table below provides a summary of energy units, abbreviations, and conversions used throughout the PAA.

Energy Units, Abbreviations and Conversions Utility Type

Billing Units Equivalent

MMBTU Electricity Kilowatt-hour (kWh) 0.003413

Natural Gas Therm 0.1000

#2 Fuel Oil Gallon (Gal) 0.1385

Water Hundred Cubic Feet (CCF) NA

As shown above, energy and water consumption and cost vary year-to-year. This variation can be attributed to many factors including changes in occupancy, weather, usage, building area, mechanical, and electrical system. Baseline consumption, or base use, is used to identify the amount of energy and water a facility would use if the ECMs were not implemented. Baseline consumption and baseline energy rates are used to calculate the baseline costs for energy or water use. In general, energy and water cost savings associated with an ECM are calculated as follows:

Baseline Cost = Baseline Consumption × Baseline Energy or Water Rate

Post ECM Installation Cost = Post-Installation Consumption × Contract Energy or Water Rate

ECM Energy Savings = Baseline Cost – Post ECM Installation Energy Cost

As noted previously, the IGA Agreement requires that the ESCO establish baseline consumption by examining utility bills (electricity, gas, oil, steam, water, etc.) for the previous 36 months. Consistent with this requirement, Honeywell performed an analysis of the utility data provided by the City for CYs 2017 through 2020. Based on this analysis, Honeywell recommends that an average of the usage and cost for the three-calendar years (CY2017 – CY2019) for electric, natural gas, and fuel oil be used as the baseline to account for variations in energy consumption and costs. For water it is believed the last year of data provided was heavily impacted by COVID-19 related changes in building population, thus a two-calendar year average (CY2018-CY2019) of water cost and consumption is recommended. The total annual energy



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and water use and recommended baseline use and rates for the IGA facilities along with the baseline energy cost and use by utility by building are detailed in the tables below.

Recommended Total Baseline Energy Use

Utility Billed Units CY2017 CY2018 CY2019 Baseline1

Electricity kWh 1,569,539 1,724,186 1,708,877 1,667,534

Natural Gas Therm 69,804 74,139 68,261 70,735

#2 Fuel Oil Gal 7,203 2,005 6,453 5,220 1Baseline energy use has been calculated as the average consumption on a facility by facility basis for CY2017-CY2019

Recommended Total Baseline Water Use


Water CCF 15,400 6,746 3,203 11,073 1Baseline water use has been calculated as the average consumption on a facility by facility basis for CY2018-CY2019

Recommended Baseline Energy Rate


Electricity kWh $0.1838 $0.1820 $0.1666 $0.1773

Natural Gas Therm $0.65 $0.76 $1.03 $0.81

#2 Fuel Oil Gal $1.57 $1.84 $2.12 $1.83 1Baseline Energy Rates have been calculated as the total three-year cost for all facilities divided by the total three-year consumption for all facilities, by utility for CY2017-CY2019

Recommended Baseline Water Rate1

Utility Billed Units CY2018 CY2019 CY2020 Baseline

Water CCF $8.03 $8.03 $8.03 $8.03 1The City is not billed for water, however usage is metered, assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report

Recommended Baseline Energy Use and Cost by Building

Building Baseline

Cost Electric (kWh)

Natural Gas (Therms)

#2 Fuel Oil (Gal)

Water (CCF)

Council on Aging $10,494 35,243 3,086 - 59

Public Safety Complex $76,045 344,626 23,291 - 610

Municipal Building $58,811 243,818 15,669 - 597

Water Department $71,366 362,954 2,052 199 451

Wastewater Plant $87,819 103,691 - 5,021 8,169

Easthampton High School $146,811 577,202 26,636 - 1,187

Total $451,347 1,667,534 70,735 5,220 11,073 Perform a detailed benchmarking analysis to determine potential cost savings:

Honeywell completed a conservative benchmark analysis of the facilities included in the IGA Agreement and identified potential energy and water savings of approximately $50,420/year or 11.2% of the baseline costs. The table below provides a summary of potential energy and water savings by building.



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Summary of Estimated Savings by Building and Utility Type

Building Electric Savings

Fuel Savings

Water Savings

Total Savings

Total Utility Cost

Savings %

Council on Aging $1,501 $1,006 $47 $2,554 $10,494 24.3%

Public Safety Complex $15,066 $3,376 $735 $19,177 $76,045 25.2%

Municipal Building $12,231 $3,771 $960 $16,961 $58,811 28.8%

Water Department $1,963 $293 $181 $2,437 $71,366 3.4%

Wastewater Plant $391 $1,379 $656 $2,426 $87,819 2.8%

Easthampton High School $5,529 $1,335 $ - $6,864 $146,811 4.7%

Total $36,681 $11,160 $2,579 $50,420 $451,347 11.2% In order to estimate preliminary energy and water cost savings, Honeywell determined the Energy Use Intensity (EUI) for our preliminary analysis. EUI is a benchmark that expresses a building’s energy use as a function of building size. A low EUI is considered more energy efficient, and conversely, a high EUI is considered less energy efficient. EUI is calculated by aggregating all building energy sources consumed in one year, divided by the total gross floor area. Values for electric and fuel energy consumption for all buildings are expressed in British Thermal Units per square foot (kBTU/ft2) When performing an analysis based on building EUI, a common benchmark comparison is the Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS). The CBECS, developed by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), is a “national sample survey that collects information on the stock of U.S. commercial buildings, including energy-related building characteristics and energy usage data (consumption and expenditures).” CBECS data is grouped regionally (New England States for example), and averages EUI data from buildings that have and have not been optimized through the implementation of ECMs. To identify and quantify opportunities for improvement, Honeywell has compared the City’s facilities with other similar facilities in the CBECS database. As described above, our analysis used an average of utility data provided by the City for CYs 2017 through 2019 for electric, natural gas and fuel oil. Facilities were classified according to principal activity (school, office, public order and safety, public assembly, etc.). Facility EUIs for electricity and fuel were analyzed, and a reduction goal assigned for each. Reduction goals were based on a comparison of current performance and the performance of similar facilities in the CBECS database. The reduction goal for each facility is based on its current EUI as compared to the CBECS database. Using this approach, a facility with an EUI in the median or lower quartile will have more potential for improvement than a facility that is in the upper quartile. Process based facilities, such as the Water Department and Wastewater Plant, have EUIs that vary greatly depending on the specific service offered. Because of this a reliable benchmark for facilities of this nature is not available in the CBECS database. Honeywell has conservatively estimated the potential savings for these facilities based on past project experience. The figure below shows the total EUI for the Municipal Building as compared to other Northeast office facilities in the CBECS database. The existing EUI of 92.84 kBTU/ft2 is right around the lower quartile of performance for this building type subset, which means there is significant room for improvement and a more aggressive savings potential is targeted. The conditions observed during the preliminary survey and the age of this facility support this savings potential.



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The next figure shows the total EUI for Easthampton High School as compared to other Northeast high school facilities in the CBECS database. The existing EUI of 41.97 kBTU/ft2 is amongst the top energy performers for this building type subset, which means there is little room for improvement and a more conservative savings potential is targeted. Given the findings of the preliminary survey, the age of this facility (less than 10 years old), and its use of renewable solar energy, these results fall inline with expectations.

Based on the approach described above, a custom analysis was performed to compare the existing and expected post-retrofit energy usage by facility. Water savings were conservatively estimated based on the findings of the preliminary audits based on historical performance in other performance contracting projects. The proposed savings associated with water conservation measures are achieved by reducing water and sewer use. Facility-by-facility benchmark analysis and savings calculations are included in Appendix 3.



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Identify simple payback ranges by ECM using the benchmarking analysis and Honeywell’s history of implementing these ECMs

The first table below represents a list of recommended Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) that may be economically feasible based on our analysis and the criteria of this PAA. The ECMs are grouped into Technical Categories (TC) based on commonality of the specific ECM description. The second table illustrates typical simple payback ranges and equipment service life expectancy. This list will be refined, and the details expanded based on discussions with the City and the information gathered during the DTEAR and Optimized IGA phases. Please refer to Appendix 4 for a complete list of both cost effective and non-cost effective ECMs considered.

Recommended ECM Matrix

ECM Cou

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Publ

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Mun

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al B

uild

ing

Wat

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epar

tmen

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Was

tew

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Pla

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East

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pton

Hig

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ECM 1.1 – Boiler Replacement X X

ECM 1.2 – Domestic Hot Water Upgrades X

ECM 2.1 – Chiller Replacement X

ECM 3.1 – Building Management System Upgrades (Healthy Buildings Dashboard) X X X X X X

ECM 3.2 – Needle Point Bipolar Ionization X X X X X X

ECM 3.3 – Demand Control Ventilation X X

ECM 4.1 – AHU Replacement & VAV Conversion X

ECM 4.2 – Install Kitchen Hood Controls X

ECM 4.3 – De-Stratification Fans with UV Lighting X

ECM 5.1 – Lighting & Lighting Control Upgrades X X X X X

ECM 6.1 – Building Envelope Improvements X X X X X X

ECM 6.2 – Window Replacement X X X X

ECM 7.1 – Pipe Insulation X X X X X X

ECM 8.1 – High Efficiency Motors & Variable Frequency Drives X X X

ECM 9.1 – Walk-In Freezer/Cooler Controls X

ECM 11.1 – Solar Photovoltaic Systems X X X X

ECM 13.1 – Water Conservation X X X X X

ECM 15.1 – Fuel Conversion X

ECM 17.1 – Retro-Commissioning X

ECM 19.1 – Desktop Computer Power Management X X



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Recommended Energy and Water Saving Measures

Energy Conservation Measure Description Simple Payback Range (Years)1, 2

Median Equipment Service Life3

TC1 – Boiler Improvements

ECM 1.1 – Boiler Replacement 20-35 years 24-50 years

ECM 1.2 – Domestic Hot Water System Upgrades 10-25 years 24 years

TC2 – Chiller Improvements

ECM 2.1 – Chiller Replacement 20-35 years 20-25 years

TC3 – Building Management System Upgrades

ECM 3.1 – Building Management System Upgrades 10-25 years 20 years

ECM 3.2 – Needle Point Bipolar Ionization 5-10 years 20 years

ECM 3.3 – Demand Control Ventilation 5-8 years 20 years

TC4 – Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning Improvements

ECM 4.1 – AHU Replacement & VAV Conversion 20-30 years 15-30 years

ECM 4.2 – Install Kitchen Hood Controls 10-20 years 20 years

ECM 4.3 – De-Stratification Fans with UV Lighting 5-15 years 20 years

TC5 – Lighting Improvements

ECM 5.1 – Lighting & Lighting Control Upgrades 4-10 years 15-20 years

TC6 – Building Envelope Improvements

ECM 6.1 – Building Envelope Improvements 5-15 years 10-20 years

ECM 6.2 – Window Replacement > 30 years 25-35 years

TC7 – Distribution & Piping System Improvements

ECM 7.1 – Pipe Insulation 5-15 years 30 years

TC8 – Electric Motors & Drives

ECM 8.1 – High Efficiency Motors & Variable Frequency Drives 5-15 years 20 years

TC9 – Refrigeration

ECM 9.1 – Install Walk-In Freezer/Cooler Controls 10-15 years 16-20 years

TC10 – Distributed Generation

None Anticipated NA NA

TC11 – Renewable Energy Systems

ECM 11.1 – Solar Photovoltaic Systems 8-20 years 20-30 years

TC12 – Electrical Distribution Systems


TC13 – Water & Sewer Conservation Systems

ECM 13.1 – Water Conservation 5-15 years 20-30 years

TC14 – Peak Shaving


TC15 – Fuel Conversion, Rate Reduction, & Auditing Services

ECM 15.1 – Fuel Conversion 10-20 years 25-35 years

TC16 – Process Improvements


TC17 – Commissioning

ECM 17.1 – Retro-Commissioning 5-15 years 20 years



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Recommended Energy and Water Saving Measures

Energy Conservation Measure Description Simple Payback Range (Years)1, 2

Median Equipment Service Life3

TC18 – Advanced Metering


TC19 – Appliance/Plug Load Reduction

ECM 19.1 – Desktop Computer Power Management 2-8 years 10-15 years 1The simple payback calculations utilized in the table above do not account for other allowable IGA cost and savings factors including operational savings, annual utility escalation rates and capital contributions for longer payback and planned infrastructure renewal ECMs. During the DTEAR phase we will further evaluate the merits of these opportunities and associated payback benefits to the City for the facilities selected for inclusion. 2Simple payback ranges are based upon energy and water cost savings and rebates only, utilizing historical performance data from Honeywell projects implemented in the northeast United States. Payback ranges will vary based upon utility rates, operating and maintenance conditions, use of negotiable payment streams, and the availability of rebates and incentives. 3Equipment service life expectancy shown are average values; actual equipment service life will vary depending on the installed technology and regular maintenance activities performed (Source - 2011 ASHRAE Applications Handbook, Table 4 – Comparison of Service Life Estimates).

Conclusion This preliminary analysis conducted by Honeywell has identified that there is an opportunity for the City to leverage energy savings to support a self-funded, comprehensive, infrastructure renewal program through performance-based contracting. The benefits to the City associated with moving forward with this program include the potential to:

Decrease energy consumption and cost by repairing, upgrading, or replacing old and inefficient facility systems;

Increase occupant comfort and safety by increasing lighting levels, upgrading temperature control systems and equipment, and addressing ventilation deficiencies;

Reduce operational and maintenance costs by replacing old and failing systems with new systems;

Reduce the need for capital investment in building systems by replacing failed and ageing electrical and mechanical systems.

Based on a bundled (or combined) ECM approach, we are confident, due to this PAA, that the City has an opportunity to reduce energy and water costs, lower carbon emissions and self-fund critical deferred maintenance needs. As highlighted, the PAA has identified an opportunity to reduce baseline energy and water use by 11.2%, saving the City $50,420 annually in energy and water costs. Assuming a 20-year project term, the $50,420 in annual savings, with potential solar generation, projected utility rebates and CARES funding contribution, will self-fund $4,611,022 in capital upgrades to the IGA facilities. In addition to the $50,420 in annual demand side savings opportunities, Honeywell believes there is also an opportunity to secure lower energy supply costs by implementing renewable energy solutions, such as solar PV at select City facilities and locations. With these factors considered, the financial benefits of this program could improve significantly beyond the 11.2% in annual cost savings when combined with energy supply side savings, associated 3rd party grants, and available renewable or alternative energy credits.



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A detailed discussion with the City is required to determine potential solar PV installation locations, the status of current agreements with local solar farms, and any plans to renew these agreements or purchase equipment after contract terms expire.

Recommendation Honeywell advises that all ECMs identified in the Recommended ECM Matrix table above, be further developed as part of the DTEAR phase for the selected IGA facilities. During the DTEAR phase the following will be performed for each facility: Perform detailed inspections;

Document existing conditions;

Develop current facility requirements;

Perform occupant interviews, conduct surveys, and install data logging equipment as necessary to confirm building system and occupancy schedules;

Perform a detailed utility analysis including 36 months of utility billing data for each utility and meter;

Establish baseline utility consumption and cost;

Develop a preliminary list of energy and water savings ECMs by facility;

Develop preliminary pricing, annual saving, O&M and M&V requirement, and third-party funding for ECMs by facility; and

Provide a DTEAR as required by the IGA Agreement. Honeywell anticipates completing the IGA following the milestone dates outlined previously. These dates include the delivery of the DTEAR by March 12th, 2021 and an executed EMSA by May 21st, 2021. We look forward to working with the City to review this report and discuss next steps in project development.

City of Easthampton Appendices


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Appendices 1. IGA Agreement – Facility List

Building Address Area

(Sq. Ft.)

Council on Aging 19 Union Street, Easthampton, MA 01027 10,660

Public Safety Complex 32 Payson Avenue, Easthampton, MA 01027 48,626

Municipal Building 50 Payson Avenue, Easthampton, MA 01027 25,840

Water Department 109 Hendrick Street, Easthampton, MA 01027 3,926

Wastewater Plant 10 Gosselin Drive, Easthampton, MA 01027 13,880

Easthampton High School 70 Williston Avenue, Easthampton, MA 01027 110,400



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2. Annual Energy and Water, Cost and Consumption, by Facility

The following is a summary of the utility data provided by the City for each facility. The data for electric, natural gas, and fuel oil consumption and cost were provided for CY2017, CY2018, CY2019, and CY2020. The information for CY2020 appears to be incomplete, thus it is excluded from this analysis. A 3-year average baseline of cost and consumption is recommended for these utilities. The data for water consumption was provided for CY2018, CY2019, and CY2020. It is expected that significant changes in building occupancy in CY2020 due to COVID-19 has impacted the water consumption for this period. Therefore, a 2-year average baseline of water consumption is recommended to better capture normal operations. The City does meter the water consumption of their facilities; however, they are not billed for their water consumption. A water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as

projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report were used to quantify the associated water cost and value of water savings if they were billed for their water consumption. For the next iteration of this report a detailed, 3-year utility bill analysis will be performed on all relevant accounts to breakout the various cost components, such as consumption, demand, and fixed costs. The results of this analysis are then used to quantify the projected energy savings that are included in the performance guarantee.



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1) Council on Aging

Council on Aging

Annual Energy and Water Consumption, Costs and Recommended Baseline

Utility Units CY2017 CY2018 CY2019 Baseline

Use Cost Use Cost Use Cost Use Cost

Electricity kWh 32,247 $6,640 37,820 $7,671 35,662 $7,138 35,243 $7,150

Natural Gas Therm 2,812 $1,812 3,362 $2,914 3,084 $3,896 3,086 $2,874

#2 Fuel Oil Gal - $ - - $ - - $ - - $ -


Use Cost1 Use Cost1 Use Cost1 Use Cost

Water CCF 51 $410 66 $530 54 $430 59 $470 1The City is not billed for water, assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report 2This year is excluded due to changes in building occupancy



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2) Public Safety Complex

Public Safety Complex




Electricity kWh 366,963 $58,361 328,628 $57,146 338,288 $51,893 344,626 $55,800


#2 Fuel Oil Gal - $ - - $ - - $ - - $ -



Water CCF 615 $4,938 605 $4,862 148 $1,192 610 $4,900 1The City is not billed for water, assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report 2This year is excluded due to changes in building occupancy



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3) Municipal Building

Municipal Building




Electricity kWh 237,573 $42,214 261,620 $47,491 232,260 $41,344 243,818 $43,683


#2 Fuel Oil Gal - $ - - $ - - $ - - $ -






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4) Water Department .

Water Department




Electricity kWh 356,789 $65,615 346,037 $63,047 386,036 $67,596 362,954 $65,420


#2 Fuel Oil Gal 202.6 $315 126.4 $232 269.4 $560 199 $369






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5) Wastewater Plant

Wastewater Plant




Electricity kWh 56,520 $8,909 86,561 $14,001 167,991 $16,175 103,691 $13,028

Natural Gas Therm - $ - - $ - - $ - - $ -

#2 Fuel Oil Gal 7,000 $11,007 1,878.3 $3,459 6,184 $13,116 5,021 $9,194



Water CCF 11,940 $95,874 4,399 $35,320 1,415 $11,358 8,169 $65,597 1The City is not billed for water, assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report 2This year is excluded due to changes in building occupancy



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6) Easthampton High School

Easthampton High School




Electricity kWh 519,446 $106,700 663,519 $124,466 548,640 $100,562 577,202 $110,576


#2 Fuel Oil Gal - $ - - $ - - $ - - $ -



Water CCF 1,779 $14,285 595 $4,774 293 $2,350 1,187 $9,530 1The City is not billed for water, assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report 2This year is excluded due to changes in building occupancy



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3. Benchmark Savings Analysis by Building 1) Council on Aging The Council on Aging was benchmarked against other public assembly facilities in the Northeast United States using the Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) database. The charts below show the existing Energy Utilization Index (EUI) and potential improvement targets for total energy, electrical energy, and non-electrical energy. For water a conservative estimate of 10% was carried based on the preliminary walkthrough findings. These improvement targets are then monetized using the baseline consumption and applicable utility rates.


($)

Fuel Savings

($)

Water Savings

($)1

Total Savings

($)

Baseline Utility

Spend ($)

% Savings

Council on Aging $1,501 $1,006 $47 $2,554 $10,494 24.3% 1Assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report



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2) Public Safety Complex The Public Safety Complex was benchmarked against other public safety facilities in the Northeast United States using the Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) database. The charts below show the existing Energy Utilization Index (EUI) and potential improvement targets for total energy, electrical energy, and non-electrical energy. For water a conservative estimate of 15% was carried based on the preliminary walkthrough findings. These improvement targets are then monetized using the baseline consumption and applicable utility rates.


($)

Fuel Savings

($)

Water Savings

($)1

Total Savings

($)

Baseline Utility

Spend ($)

% Savings

Public Safety Complex $15,066 $3,376 $735 $19,177 $76,045 25.2% 1Assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report



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3) Municipal Building The Municipal Building was benchmarked against other office facilities in the Northeast United States using the Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) database. The charts below show the existing Energy Utilization Index (EUI) and potential improvement targets for total energy, electrical energy, and non-electrical energy. For water a conservative estimate of 20% was carried based on the preliminary walkthrough findings. These improvement targets are then monetized using the baseline consumption and applicable utility rates.


($)

Fuel Savings

($)

Water Savings

($)1

Total Savings

($)

Baseline Utility

Spend ($)

% Savings

Municipal Building $12,231 $3,771 $960 $16,961 $58,811 28.8% 1Assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report



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4) Water Department Facilities that include energy intensive processes, such as the Water Department, are very difficult to benchmark given the large variations within the population. Facilities that perform the same process in the same climate can vary significantly in their energy consumption based on their methodology and capacity, thus making traditional benchmarking somewhat unreliable. Honeywell has estimated savings for this facility based on past project experience and findings from the preliminary walkthroughs. Given the high process electrical consumption the electric savings are conservatively estimated at 3%, with fuel savings estimated at 15% and water savings estimated at 5%.


($)

Fuel Savings

($)

Water Savings

($)1

Total Savings

($)

Baseline Utility

Spend ($)

% Savings

Water Department $1,963 $293 $181 $2,437 $71,366 3.4% 1Assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report

5) Wastewater Plant Facilities that include energy intensive processes, such as the Wastewater Plant, are very difficult to benchmark given the large variations within the population. Facilities that perform the same process in the same climate can vary significantly in their energy consumption based on their methodology and capacity, thus making traditional benchmarking somewhat unreliable. Honeywell has estimated savings for this facility based on past project experience and findings from the preliminary walkthroughs. Given the high process electrical consumption the electric savings are conservatively estimated at 3%, with fuel savings estimated at 15% and water savings estimated at 1%.


($)

Fuel Savings

($)

Water Savings

($)1

Total Savings

($)

Baseline Utility

Spend ($)

% Savings

Wastewater Plant $391 $1,379 $656 $2,426 $87,819 2.8% 1Assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report



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6) Easthampton High School Easthampton High School was benchmarked against other high school facilities in the Northeast United States using the Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) database. The charts below show the existing Energy Utilization Index (EUI) and potential improvement targets for total energy, electrical energy, and non-electrical energy. For water no savings are projected as the preliminary walkthrough already indicated low flow fixtures throughout. These improvement targets are then monetized using the baseline consumption and applicable utility rates.


($)

Fuel Savings

($)

Water Savings

($)1

Total Savings

($)

Baseline Utility

Spend ($)

% Savings

Easthampton High School $5,529 $1,335 $ - $6,864 $146,811 4.7% 1Assumes a water rate of $3.07/CCF and sewer rate of $4.96/CCF as projected for FY21 in the City of Easthampton Water, Sewer and Stormwater Rate Evaluation report



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4. Complete List of ECMs Considered

ECM DESCRIPTION

Technical Category 1 – Boiler Improvements

Boiler Replacement

Burner Controls

Domestic Hot Water System Upgrades

Steam to Hot Water Conversion

Boiler Isolation Valves

Install Stack Heat Recovery System

Combustion Air Upgrades

District Heating System

Install Instantaneous / Tankless Domestic Hot Water Heater

Install Vent Draft Dampers on Domestic Hot Water Heaters

Hot Water Temperature / Steam Pressure Reset Strategy

Reduce Steam Pressure to meet Unique Loads (Heating, Autoclaves, etc.)

Reduce Hot Water Temperature

Hot Water / Reheat / Radiation Temperature Reset

Install Boiler Optimization Controls (for Multiple Boilers)

Oxygen Trim Controls on Large Boilers

Install Gas Line Turbulators in Boilers to Improve Efficiency

Replace Burner Only in Existing Boilers with New High Turndown Burner

Install Deaerators

Boiler Blow Down Heat Recovery on Large Boilers

Install Soft Water System for Steam System Feed Water

Reduce Boiler Feed Pump Motor Horsepower

Preheat #2 Fuel Oil to Improve Burner Efficiency

Install Secondary Fuel Source – Oil Tank or Propane Tank

Waste Oil Furnace System

Boiler Tune-Up, Operation & Maintenance Control Calibration

Consider Installing Modular Boilers

Replace Electric Boilers with Natural Gas Equipment

Install Small Separate Boilers for Domestic Hot Water, Pools, etc.

Thermal Fluid Heating Plant

Install Heat Exchangers for Small Loads

Chemical Treatment

De-Centralize (Individual Boilers in Each Building)

Technical Category 2 – Chiller Improvements

Chiller Replacement

Cooling Tower Replacement

Chiller Optimization Controls (Multiple Chillers)

Cooling Tower Optimization Controls (Multiple Towers)



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ECM DESCRIPTION

Technical Category 2 – Chiller Improvements Continued

Install Chilled Water Reset Control

Install Condenser Water Reset Control

Sensors for Alarm / Monitoring of Refrigerant in Chiller Rooms

Tune-Up / Maintain Existing Chillers

Install High Efficiency Chiller with VFD as Partial Load Chiller

Install Modular Chillers

Install Dedicated Chiller for Unique Loads (OR Suites, Computer Rooms, etc.)

Consider Installing Steam Absorption Chillers

Consider Installing Gas Fired / Gas Engine Driven Centrifugal Chillers

CFC Containment for Existing Chillers

CFC Conversion for Existing Chillers

Refrigerant Bank / Storage – Supply

Liquid Refrigerant Pumps

Install Dry Coolers

Primary-Secondary Pumping System

Tower Free Cooling via Plate & Frame Heat Exchangers

Variable Primary Flow System

Thermal Energy Storage (Chilled Water or Ice)

Technical Category 3 – Building Management System Upgrades

Building Management System Upgrades

Demand Control Ventilation

Hot Water Temperature / Steam Pressure Reset Strategy

Install Programmable Thermostats

Existing Building Management System Integration

Modify Setpoints

Runtime Scheduling & Control

Optimum Start / Stop

Night Setback (Winter) / Night Setup (Summer)

Recirculation Control During Warm-Up or Cool-Down Mode

Night Purge

Economizer Control

Discriminator Control

Terminal Regulated Air Volume Control

Hot Deck / Cold Deck Reset

Condenser Water Reset

Chilled Water Reset

VFD Control

Boiler Optimization (for Multiple Boilers)

Chiller Optimization (for Multiple Chillers)



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ECM DESCRIPTION

Technical Category 3 – Building Management System Upgrades Continued

Cooling Tower Optimization

Demand Limiting

Occupancy Sensor Control of HVAC Equipment

Upgrade Existing Central Computer Systems

Install New Central Computer Systems

Duty Logs & Trending

Alarming, Monitoring & Reporting

Real-Time Pricing

Remote HVAC Monitoring & Control

Covert from Pneumatic to Direct Digital Control (DDC)

Add Additional Zones for Control

Replace Manual Radiator Valve with Automatic Control Valve

Install Solenoid Valves on all Water-Cooled Equipment Water Lines

Dishwasher Exhaust Fan Interlock

Garage Exhaust Based on CO Senor Application

Install Occupancy Sensors on Urinal Water Flow Controls

Laboratory Controls / Fume Hood Controls

Isolation Room Controls

Lab Control & Pressurization Monitor

Room Pressure Control

DDC Controls for Ice Arenas

Lighting Controls System Integration with Building Management System

Vending Machine Controls

RTU Optimization

Electrical Monitoring

Install Advanced Metering System

Technical Category 4 – Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Improvements

AHU / RTU / Unit Ventilator Replacement or Refurbishment

Multi-Zone Unit to VAV Conversion

Infrared Heaters

Install Pool Dehumidification Unit

Install Kitchen Hood Controls

De-Stratification Fans

Pool Cover

End of Life Equipment Replacements

Replace Electric Heating with Natural Gas Equipment

Replace Packaged Equipment with Heat Pumps

Replace Computer Room & Clean-Room A/C Units

Install Units with 2-Stage DX Cooling



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ECM DESCRIPTION

Technical Category 4 – Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Improvements Continued

Install Heat Recovery Units

Install Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers

Replace Window A/C Units

Install Geothermal Heat Pumps

Replace Fans

Repair / Replace Cooling Towers

Repair / Replace Cooling Tower Slats

Tower Free Cooling via Plate & Frame Heat Exchangers

Install Separate Chiller for Process Cooling Load

Thermal Energy Storage – Ice

Thermal Energy Storage – Water

Clean Coils / Repair Existing Air Handling Units

New Coils (Heating / Cooling / Preheat)

Waste Heat Recovery from Incinerators

Heat Reclaim on Boiler Stack

Utilize Condensate Return to Preheat Domestic Cold Water

Install Economizers

Install Thermal Siphons

Retrofit Fan Belts

Trim Pump Impellers

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Cooling Tower Fan Motors

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Fan Motors

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Pump Motors

Install Low Leakage Fresh Air Dampers

Add Supplemental Filtration Media

HVAC Control Upgrades

Convert 100% Outdoor Air Type Unit to Return Air Type

Air Balance of HVAC Systems

Water Balance of HVAC Systems

Add Balancing Dampers

Desiccant Dehumidification

Install Humidifiers

Valve Conversions (2-Way, 3-Way)

Replace Manual Radiator Valves with Automatic Valves

Install Solenoid Valves on Water Cooled Equipment Lines

Clean Ductwork

Ozone Treatment of Cooling Towers

Ozone Pool Water Treatment System

Install Separate Boilers to Accommodate End Uses (Comfort, Domestic Hot Water, Pool, etc.)



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ECM DESCRIPTION

Technical Category 4 – Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Improvements Continued

Elevator Modernization

Cooling Chamber Alternate Refrigerant

Dust Particle Exhaust, Welding Exhaust, etc.

Compressed Air Management

Compressor Equipment Replacement

Compressed Air Tools & Equipment

Airless Spray Instead of Air Spray Paint Applications

Automated Compressor Control System

Install Electric Motors on Paint Drums Instead of Air Operated

Ice Arena Ceiling Reflectors

Technical Category 5 – Lighting Improvements

Lighting & Lighting Controls Upgrades (Interior & Exterior)

Delamp Fixtures / Reduce Illumination Levels

Delamp Soda Machines

Retrofit Lamps to LED

Retrofit Ballasts (Magnetic to Electronic)

Install Reflectors

Replace Fixtures

Replace Lenses

Convert Incandescent to LED

Replace Exit Fixtures with LED Equivalents

Install Occupancy Sensors for Common Area Lighting

Install Lighting Controls on Outdoor Lighting / Parking Lot

Retrofit Emergency Lighting

Daylight Harvesting Using Natural Lighting

LED Street Lights, Traffic Lights & Walk-Way Lights

LED Street Lighting Control System

Parking Garage Lighting Upgrades & Occupancy Controls

Recycle Fluorescent & HID Lamps & PCB / Non-PCB Ballasts

Vending Machine Controls

Install Occupancy Base Lighting Control Systems

Technical Category 6 – Building Envelope Improvements

Building Envelope Improvements

Roof Replacement

Window Replacement

Install Window Film

Exterior Door Replacement

Gravity Vent Motorized Dampers

Cap Abandoned Exhaust Opening & Ventilation Shafts



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ECM DESCRIPTION

Technical Category 6 – Building Envelope Improvements Continued

Insulate Unit Ventilator Interior

Green Roof Installation

Weather-Strip / Caulk Windows to Reduce Infiltration

Weather-Strip / Caulk Doors to Reduce Infiltration

Weather-Strip / Caulk Building Penetrations to Reduce Infiltration

Install or Modify Entrance Vestibules

Insulate Exterior Walls

Insulate Crawl Space Walls

Insulate Knee Walls

Insulate Curtain Walls

Install Exterior Insulation & Finish System

Insulate Above Ceiling

Insulate Roof

Retrofit Single Pane Windows with Double Pane Windows

Install Overglazing System

Plant Trees to Reduce Solar Gain

Install Overhangs to Reduce Solar Gain

Paint Exterior Surfaces to Reduce Solar Gain

Plastic Curtain for Dock Area

Install High Speed Doors to Freezer Areas

Technical Category 7 – Distribution & Piping System Improvements

Install Pipe Insulation

Steam Trap Retrofits

Reduce Domestic Hot Water Temperature to 120°F

Install Insulating Blanket on Domestic Hot Water Tanks

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Domestic Hot Water Pump Motors

Reduce Heating Hot Water Temperature to Accommodate Load

Reduce Steam Pressure to Accommodate Load

Repair Steak Leaks

Install Concentric Piping System Inserts to Repair Leaks

Steam Trap Inserts

Replace Manual Radiator Valves with Automatic Control Valves

Install Deaerators

Install a Soft Water System for Steam System Feed Water

Convert Open Steam System to Closed System

Utilize Condensate Return to Preheat Domestic Cold Water

Balance Water Systems

Install Primary / Secondary / Tertiary Pumping System

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Pump Motors



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ECM DESCRIPTION

Technical Category 7 – Distribution & Piping System Improvements Continued

Install Control Valves to Save Pumping Energy

Modify Piping Network to Improve Distribution

Valve Conversion (2-Way, 3-Way)

Install Solenoid Valves on Water-Cooled Equipment Lines

Chemical Treatment of Distribution Systems

Chemical Treatment of Cooling Towers

Ozone Treatment of Cooling Towers

Replace Water-Based Distribution System with Air-Based System

Technical Category 8 – Electric Motors & Drives

Install High-Efficiency Electric Motors on Fans

Install High-Efficiency Electric Motors on Pumps

Install High-Efficiency Electric Motors on Compressors

Install High-Efficiency Electric Motors on Miscellaneous Equipment

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Fan Motors (via Pressure)

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Fan Motors (via Temperature)

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Fan Motors (via CO2)

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Pool AHU Motors (via RH)

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Pump Motors (via ∆T)

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Pump Motors (via Pressure)

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Domestic Hot Water Pumps

Install Variable Frequency Drive on Pool Circulation Pump

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Cooling Tower Fan Motors

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Central Vacuum System

Install Variable Frequency Drives on Wood Shop Dust Collector

Install Variable Frequency Drives on City Water Storage Tank Pumps

Install Magnetic Drives on Pumps

Install Cogged V-Belts

Install Synchronous Belts

Reduce Motor Horsepower to Accommodate Load

Electric Motor Preventative Maintenance & Motor Testing Program

Technical Category 9 – Refrigeration

Install Walk-In Freezer / Cooler Controls

Replace One-Pass Water Cooled Condensing Units

Replace Ice Equipment with High Efficiency Units

Replace Refrigeration Equipment with High Efficiency Units

Install Heat Reclaim on Refrigeration Units

Refrigerant Bank / Storage – Supply

Liquid Refrigerant Pumps

Cooling Chamber Alternate Refrigerant



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ECM DESCRIPTION

Technical Category 9 – Refrigeration Continued

Lower Head Pressure

Install Sub-Cooling Capabilities

Convert Refrigerant to Eliminate CFC Mitigation Costs

Install Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) System

Technical Category 10 – Distributed Generation

Cogeneration with Process Load

Cogeneration with Absorption Chillers

Install Fuel Cells

Install Secondary Fuel Source – Oil Tank or Propane Tank

Propane Air System for Alternate Heating Fuel

Microturbine Installation

Micro-Grids

Energy Resiliency

Technical Category 11 – Renewable Energy Systems

Install Solar Photovoltaic Systems

Wind Generation

Install Solar Thermal Systems

Solar Photovoltaic Electric Car Charging Station

Solar Photovoltaic Outdoor Lighting

Daylighting via Solar Photovoltaic Overhead Glazing System

Solar Photovoltaic Roof Tiles

Solar Photovoltaic Generators for Telecommunications

Solar Domestic Hot Water System via Line Focusing Parabolic Troughs

Passive Solar Heating System via Skylights

Passive Solar Heating System via Thermal Wall

Biomass / Bioenergy in Boilers or Absorption Chillers

Geothermal Heat Pumps

Biomass – Methane Gas from Landfill / Sewer Treatment

Solar Wall – Transpired Solar Collector

Technical Category 12 – Electrical Distribution Systems

Install High Efficiency Transformers

Power Factor Correction

Install Capacitors to Isolate Areas & Reduce Conductor Loads

Load Management via Time Clock or Control System

Load Management via Real-Time Pricing Software

Reduce Voltage for Improved Efficiency

Replace Oversized Motors

Uninterruptible Power Source (UPS System)

Electric Switchgear Upgrades



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ECM DESCRIPTION

Technical Category 12 – Electrical Distribution Systems Continued

Electrical Monitoring

Technical Category 13 – Water & Sewer Conservation Systems

Water Fixture Retrofits / Replacements

Rainwater Harvesting

Retrofit Flush Valves in Toilets & Urinals

Replace Existing Toilet / Urinal Fixture with New Water Reduction Type

Install Reduced Flow Shower Heads

Install Reduced Flow Faucet Aerators

Reduce Exterior Water Usage

Install Separate Meter on Cooling Tower Make-Up Water Line

Install Separate Meter on Landscape Irrigation Water Line

Install Separate Meter on Swimming Pool Make-Up Water Line

Use Grey Water for Irrigation

Use Grey Water for Water Closets

Xeriscape Landscaping

Potable Water Treatment

On-Site Sewage Treatment

Technical Category 14 – Peak Shaving

Demand Response using Existing Generation Equipment

Thermal Energy Storage – Water

Thermal Energy Storage – Ice

Cogeneration with Process Loads

Cogeneration with Absorption Chillers

Emergency Generator Peak Shaving

Install Real-Time Pricing Software

Duty-Cycle Equipment via Building Management System

Technical Category 15 – Fuel Conversion, Rate Reduction & Auditing Services

Fuel Conversion

Kitchen Equipment Upgrades

Local Utility Rebate Programs

Demand Side Management Rebates

Utility Billing & Meter Auditing Services for Billing Errors

Rate Structure Evaluation for Best Electrical Rates Available

Negotiate Special Rates with Utility Company, if Possible

Installing Sub-Meters for Account Purpose

Evaluate Power Factor Correction Requirement to Avoid Penalty

Evaluate Benefit of Curtailable Rate Structure

Electricity Retail Wheeling (Brokering)

Real-Time Pricing Software



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ECM DESCRIPTION

Technical Category 15 – Fuel Conversion, Rate Reduction & Auditing Services Continued

Transportation Gas Purchase through Brokerage House

Transportation Gas Purchase through Local Regional Supplier

Propane Air System for Alternate Heating Fuel

Energy Use Modeler

Technical Category 16 – Process Improvements

Improvements Heavily Dependent on Process Specifics

Technical Category 17 – Commissioning

Retro-Commissioning

Continuous Commissioning

Technical Category 18 – Advanced Metering

Install Energy Metering & Energy Dashboard Kiosk

Equipment Sub-Metering

Technical Category 19 – Appliance / Plug Load Reduction

Computer Power Management

Plug Load Power Management

Printer Management

Server Room Upgrades

Replace Appliances with Energy Star Equivalents

preliminary audit analysis

Documents