preliminary assessment tribal emergency response preparedness dean s. seneca, mph, mcurp agency for...
TRANSCRIPT
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Preliminary Assessment
Tribal Emergency Response
Preparedness
Dean S. Seneca, MPH, MCURPAgency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Project Objectives
• To assess Tribal emergency preparedness and response capabilities, with special focus on radiological hazards.
• To identify support and training needs of Tribes related to emergency preparedness.
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Project Objectives(continued)
• To engage Tribal communities in emergency preparedness response activities.
• To help establish criteria and mechanisms for improving, enhancing, or possibly developing integrated Tribal programs related to emergency response.
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Project Triggers• Tribal lands are often in rural settings
and/or cover large areas.
• If chemical, biological, or radiological release occurs, Tribes may be the primary government entity to respond.
• Outside agencies need to understand how well prepared Tribes are and what support needs exist.
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Accomplishments to Date• Set up pilot assessment to obtain data
from a cross-section of Tribes.
• Identified and selected nine Tribes to participate in the pilot assessment.
• Conducted in-person interviews with the nine Tribes during the summer-fall 2003.
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Accomplishments to Date (continued)
• Conducted follow-up with Tribes as needed to ensure completeness and accuracy of Tribe-specific data.
• Compiled findings, prepared Tribe-specific reports.
• Developed a summary report of overall findings.
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MethodsCriteria for Selecting Tribes
• Proximity to major transportation routes.
• Proximity to nuclear/chemical facilities or Department of Defense or Energy sites.
• Potential presence of unregulated landfills (radioactive waste).
• Proximity to U.S. borders.
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Methods Data Collection
• Interviewed Tribal representatives one-on-one or in small group settings.
• Topics discussed:- Overall knowledge and understanding- Infrastructure and equipment- Emergency preparedness planning- Communications- Training- Support needs
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MethodsData Compilation
• Extracted and compiled the information recorded during interviews and follow-up communications.
• Prepared Tribe-specific reports and compiled aggregate data in single summary report, identifying overall observations and trends.
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Participating Tribes
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Size of Participating Tribes
• < 5,000 (3 Tribes)
• 5,001-15,000 (2 Tribes)
• 15,001-30,000 (1Tribe)
• >30,000 (3 Tribes)
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Overall Findings
• Tribes are generally aware of the types of hazards and response scenarios that may arise on Tribal lands, but lack specific knowledge.
• A wide range of response preparedness was observed. Some Tribes are better equipped and have more comprehensive emergency response programs than others.
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Overall Findings(continued)
• Some Tribes are aware that other state, county, or local emergency response plans exist, but desire more information about where the Tribes fit in.
• Tribal readiness for radiological hazards is limited. Virtually none of the Tribes have the capabilities to identify orphan sources, and most do not have equipment or training for radiological emergencies.
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Overview: Support Needs
Tribes report that they need
• Training/technical support.
• Funding for dedicated staff and equipment.
• Improved communications within Tribal Nations and with local, county, and state agencies serving their Tribal areas.
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Breakdown of Findings
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Infrastructure
• Few Tribes are completely self-sufficient in terms of personnel, equipment, and resources to respond to various emergency situations.
• Most Tribes have law enforcement groups; 4 of the 9 Tribes interviewed have fire departments; others rely on outside first responder services or a combination of Tribal and outside services.
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Infrastructure (continued)
• Most Tribes rely on outside or contract medical services. Most facilities serving Tribes are equipped to handle at least 6-20 patients in an emergency; some can treat 50 or more patients.
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Infrastructure (continued)
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Equipment
• Less than half the Tribes report having emergency response equipment.
• Tribes with equipment are more prepared for chemical and biological emergencies.
• No relationship was observed between equipment inventory and the Tribal size or land mass.
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Emergency Response Planning
• Most Tribes interviewed have some form of an emergency response plan completed or under development. All but one of these incorporates measures to respond to radiological hazards.
• Tribes report cooperation among their first responders and with outside agencies in developing response plans. Still, Tribes expressed interest in fostering more coordination with outside agencies.
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Communications• Most Tribes have a system to communicate
with other agencies in an emergency.
• More than half the Tribes have a communications system used by first responders.
• Fewer Tribes have a system to notify the public of an emergency. Those that do often rely on radios and television, among other means.
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Support NeedsOverall
At least a third of the Tribes interviewed requested that EPA/ATSDR share information about funding sources, technical support providers, and training tools available to Tribes (for emergency planning and increasing general knowledge about hazards faced).
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Training
• Training in emergency response readiness varies among the Tribes. Some Tribes receive extensive training in emergency response readiness, participate in mock drills, and even train others responders.
• Most training has focused on chemical and biological hazards. Fewer responders are trained in radiological hazards or to recognize orphan sources.
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Needed Training/ Technical Assistance
• How to safely respond to emergencies, such as the proper use of equipment, particularly for radiological and biological hazards.
• How to develop or improve emergency response plans.
• Assistance with mock drills.
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Needed Training/ Technical Assistance
• Templates for emergency response plans.
• Useful Web sites.
• Names of training resources and providers.
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Other Needs
• Additional funding and staff dedicated to emergency response planning and training.
• Mechanisms for enhanced information sharing with IHS, the Tribes, and other agencies (How to achieve greater coordination).
• Improved equipment and supplies.
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Other Requests
• Inclusion of Tribes in other governmental agencies’ notification procedures.
• Demonstrated commitment from federal agencies to support Tribes.
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Next Steps• Use pilot assessment results as a basis for
assessing all the tribes ER capabilities in the U.S.
• Expand the assessment of training/ educational needs.
- Supplement findings with other similar studies, if available.
- Refine pilot questionnaire, based on Tribal input and consider more widespread distribution.
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Future Considerations• Establish training implementation strategies.
• Raise awareness of identified issues across states and Tribes.
• Form partnerships; foster collaboration among government agencies and Tribes.
• Define role of Federal agencies in the process.
• Identify funding mechanisms for staff, equipment, etc.