PREDLOZI S IMENICAMA I GLAGOLIMA

Predlog + imenica – ustaljene fraze: on holiday, on business, on a journey/a trip/a tour I'm travelling on business. We're on a coach tour of

Europe. In cash, by cheque/credit card It's cheaper if you pay in cash. Can I pay by credit

card? In writing, in pen/biro/felt-tip/ink/pencil Could you confirm that in writing? I'll write the names

in pencil. On television, on the radio/the phone/the Internet / saw the programme on TV. Mark is on the phone at

the moment. For sale, on the market The house next door is for sale. It's the best hi-fi on the

market

on the whole, in general On the whole it's a good idea, but there are one or two

problems. People in general aren't very interested in politics. In advance, up to date, out of date The company wants us to pay for the goods in advance. Oh no! My passport is out of date. These latest figures

are up to date. In my opinion, from my point of view All sport is silly in my opinion. Matthew never sees things from Emma's point of view. on purpose, by mistake/chance/accident / didn't spill my drink on purpose. I pressed the wrong

button by mistake. We didn't arrange to meet. We met by chance in the

street.

On the way = during the journey. In the way = blocking the way. I'm driving into town. I'll get some petrol

on the way. We couldn't get past because there was a

parked car in the way. In the end = finally, after a long time. At the end = when something stops. It took Claire hours to decide. In the end

she chose a long blue dress. We all left quickly at the end of the

meeting.

Ponekad predlozi idu iza imenica, e.g. way of, answer to, interest in.

Iza predloga često opet sledi imenica. the answer to the problem their interest in drama Ponekad iza predloga sledi gerund. a way of escaping No hope of winning

your ability in maths an example of this your opinion of the film a cheap alternative to leather some experience of selling the price of food an attack on the government an expert on computers the reason for the delay

Need, wish Iza imenice sa značenjem 'need', 'wish' ili

'request' može da sledi predlog for. There's a need for more houses. There was no demand for the product. appetite for, application for, demand

for, desire for, need for, order for, preference for, request for, taste

for, wish for

Matthew: Why are you angry with me, Emma? Emma: I'm tired of talking to myself. You never listen. I

get annoyed at the way you behave. Matthew: Sorry, but I have to go now or I'll be late for the

basketball game. Emma: You aren't interested in us, are you? You never

worry about our relationship, do you?

Iza nekih prideva slede predlozi, e.g. angry with, tired of, late for.

A iza predloga obično sledi imenica ili zamenica. annoyed at the way you behave late for the game angry with me Ponekad sledi i gerund: tired of talking to myself

Ove fraze često se koriste za izražavanje osećanja:

afraid of the dark excited about the holiday proud of our work amazed at/by the changes fed up with waiting satisfied with the result ashamed of myself fond of my sister shocked at/by the violence

I'm sorry about the mistake. I feel sorry for poor Melanie. We were angry at/about the delay. Sarah was angry with Henry. We were annoyed at/about the delay. Emma was annoyed with Matthew. I was pleased about winning. The winner was pleased with himself. Vicky is anxious about her exam. People are anxious for news.

Kada govorimo o nečijoj sposobnosti, koristimo good at, bad at, etc.

good at tennis brilliant at crosswords bad at games hopeless at cooking Kad govorimo da je nešto zdravo ili ne, koristimo

good for i bad for. Oranges are good for you. Smoking is bad for

you. Za ponašanje prema drugima, koristimo: good

to, kind to, nice to, polite to i rude to. My friends have been good to me. You were

very rude to the waitress.

fit for work responsible for running a business aware of the facts full of water safe from attack capable of looking after myself guilty of murder the same as before different from our usual route involved in a project famous for her film roles ready for the big day

Postoje glagoli uz koje uvek idu određeni predlozi pa se nazivaju prepositional verbs.

I'm waiting for you. The dog belongs to our neighbours. Predlog uvek ide pre objekta. NOT I'm waiting you for. U upitnim rečenicama predlog ide na kraj rečenice. Who are you waiting for? Neki glagoli imaju više predloga s kojima se mogu

kombinovati. U odnosu na to menja im se i značenje. I'm looking at these photos. They're really good. I'm looking for my ticket. I can't find it anywhere. I'm looking after the children while their parents are

out. The police are looking into the matter.

Yes, I agree with you. Tom's neighbours apologized for the noise. I approve of the new scheme. I think it's a good

idea. Have you applied for the job? The patient asked for a glass of water. Do you believe in God? I'm sorry, but I don't care about your problems. Lots of people care for elderly relatives. (= look

after) / didn't care for the film. (= like) Please concentrate on your work. The US consists of fifty states. I can deal with any enquiries.

Claire finally decided on a holiday in Turkey. Whether we go out will depend on the weather. I feel like a drink. (= want) Everyone laughed at the joke. I was listening to the radio. Did you pay for the coffee? You can't rely on the weather forecast. I'll see to the matter at once. Vicky suffers from headaches. Predlozi se ne koriste iza glagola: answer,

approach, control, demand, enter, expect, leave, reach, request

The President is entering the building.

Predlog about može da se koristi posle mnogih glagola: ask, complain, dream, enquire, hear, know, learn,

protest, speak, talk, think, wonder Did you hear about the accident? Mark was talking about golf. about se ne koristi posle glagola discuss. We discussed the problem, NOT We discussed about the

problem.

We can apologize to, complain to, talk to and write to a person.

I'm writing to my sister. We talked to Natasha about classical music. We do not use to after phone. I'm phoning the office, NOT I'm phoning to the office.

Frazalni glagoli su posebna grupa glagola koji se sastoje od dva, ponekad i tri, elementa.

Frazalni glagoli se sastoje od glagola i predloga ili priloga: come in, sit down, take off.

Postoji veliki broj ovih glagola u engleskom jeziku.

Neki prilozi koji se koriste u frazalnim glagolima:

about, along, around, away, back, behind, by, down, forward, in, off, on, out, over, round, through, up

Neke frazalne glagole je lako razumeti. Tom asked Melanie to come in. The man in front turned round and stared at me. Njihovo značenje je jasno ukoliko znamo značenje

reči od kojih su sastavljeni: come, in, turn, round.

Mnogi frazalni glagoli su idiomatski: to znači da glagol + prilog ima posebno značenje:

Fortunately the plan came off. (= succeeded) Why did you turn down such a good offer? (=

refuse) I can't make out if it's a man or a woman over

there. (= see clearly)

Često frazalni glagoli imaju svoje ekvivalente po značenju među običnim glagolima:

find out — discover leave out — omit send out — distribute go back = return make up = invent (a story) throw away = discard go on = continue put off— postpone turn up — arrive Frazalni glagoli se koriste u manje formalnim

situacijama.

Kad frazalni glagol ima objekat, onda objekat može da ide ispred ili iza priloga.

VERB OBJECT ADVERB VERB ADVERB OBJECT Melanie took her coat off. OR Melanie

took off her coat. I wrote the number down. OR I wrote

down the number. Who let the cat out? OR Who let out

the cat?

Ako je objekat duži, ide iza priloga. The gang have carried out a number of bank

raids in the last few months. Why don't you try on that dress in the

window? Zamenica (e.g. it, them) uvek ide ispred priloga. Melanie felt hot in her coat, so she took it off. NOT She took off it. There have been a number of raids. The police

know who carried them out. NOT The police know who caried out them

Prilozi mogu imate više različitih značenja: down = becoming less turn down the music bring down the cost of living down = stopping completely The car broke down. on = wearing Put the coat on on = continuing carry on working drive on a bit further

Come on, we're going now. You have to fill in your name and address. How did you get on in the test? I usually get up late on Sundays. I'm going out for the evening. Hurry up. We haven't got much time. You have to plug the machine in first. I'm going to throw these old clothes away. We were too tired to wash up after the

meal. Sarah woke up suddenly in the night.

Glagol + prilog+ predlog The old man fell down on the

pavement. I couldn't get through to directory

enquiries. David decided to get up onto the roof. It was nice to go out into the fresh air. We look out over the sea. Everyone looked up at the aeroplane. Vicky ran away from the fire.

Frazalni glagoli od 3 elementa imaju posebno značenje koje se ne može naslutiti iz individualnih reči.

Tom often calls in on/drops in on us without warning. (= pays short visits)

You go on ahead. I'll soon catch up with you. (= reach the same place as)

I'm afraid we've come up against another difficulty. (= be stopped by)

The country is crying out for a new leader. (= in great need of)

I'm trying to lose weight. I have to cut down on puddings. (= reduce)

They should do away with these useless traditions. (= abolish)