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Biventrikulär pacing och/eller ICD vid kronisk hjärtsvikt En hörnsten i sviktbehandling Peter Johansson, överläkare KC Hjärtsjukvård Sunderby sjukhus

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Page 1: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

Biventrikulär pacing och/eller

ICD vid kronisk hjärtsvikt

En hörnsten i sviktbehandling

Peter Johansson, överläkare

KC Hjärtsjukvård

Sunderby sjukhus

Page 2: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM
Page 3: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

Parlör

• CRT = cardiac resynchronization therapy

• ICD = implantable cardiac defibrillator

• CRT-P = sviktpacemaker

• CRT-D = sviktpacemaker + ICD

• LBBB = Left bundle branch block = vänster grenblock

Page 4: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

Historik ICD

• 1969 Utveckling av ICD påbörjas i Baltimore av Mieczyslaw Mirowski.

• 1975 Hundförsök med framgångsrik återupplivning av ventrikelflimmer.

• 1980 Första implantationen av ICD i människa.

• 1985 FDA-godkänd

• 1988 ICD med tackykardibrytande pacing

• 1991 Elektrodsystem som ej kräver thoracotomi

• 1993 Första pectorala ICD systemet

• Subcutan ICD -00 talet.

Page 5: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

1991 1995 1985

Page 6: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

ICD-systemet

Page 7: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

19,8%

14,2%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

Conventional

Therapy ICD

P=0.016

Death Avg. follow-up=20 months

MADIT II: All-Cause Mortality

Hazard

Ratio =

0.65

Page 8: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

MADIT-II (second Multicenter Defibrillator

Implantation Trial) • 1232 patienter i USA och Europa

• Inklusion: NYHA II-III + EF<=30% + hjärtinfarkt (> 1 månad+ revaskularisering

PCI/CABG > 3 mån)

• ICD vs OMT

•Primär endpoint: Total mortalitet

•Resultat: -31% RR. -5,6% AR NNT (36 mån) =10

Page 9: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

All-cause mortality at 5 years

28,9%

34,1%35,8%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

ICD Amiodarone Placebo

Presented at ACC Scientific Sessions 2004

%

Mo

rtality

SCD-HeFT

Page 10: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

SCD-HeFT (Sudden Cardiac Death –

Heart Failiure Trial) • 1676 patienter

• Inklusion: NYHA II-III. Både ischemisk och icke-ischemisk genes. EF<= 35%

•Primär endpoint. Total mortalitet

• ICD vs amiodaron vs placebo

•Resultat: -21%RR, -7,2% AR, NNT 14 (60 mån)

•Amiodaron=placebo.

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DANISH-studien

• Visade ingen minskning av mortalitet med ICD-behandling

för patienter med icke ischemisk orsak till sin hjärtsvikt.

• Framför allt gällde det åldersgruppen över 68 år.

• Hög andel CRT i studien

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CRT

•Utvecklades i början av 90-talet.

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Vänstergrenblock

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07/11/2018

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1lU4qfNw0I

Page 23: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

• Cirka 70 % svarar på CRT-behandlingen

• Programmering – optimering

• Möjliggör bättre medicinering

• Ablation vid FF

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Vänstergrenblock (LBBB) jämfört med

andra grenblock

07/11/2018

Page 28: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

CRT: QRS morphology

Sipahi et al, Am Heart J. 2012; 163(2): 260–7

CRT effects on composite clinical events

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ICD i livets slutskede

Studie Danderyd

• Delstudie 1 :

• 125 avlidna pat

• 35% kammarflimmer

• 31% chock sista dygnet (ofta flera chocker)

• 50% 0 HLR, av dessa 65% aktiv ICD

• Delstudie II

• 65 avlidna pat m ICD + beslutat 0 HLR

• 51% aktiva ICD (1/4 av dessa fick chocker)

Page 32: PowerPoint-presentation · Title: PowerPoint-presentation Author: Peter Johansson Created Date: 11/7/2018 8:27:42 AM

ICD i livets slutskede

• Viktigt att känna till om patienten har en ICD/CRT-D

• Diskussion med patient + anhöriga under hela resans gång

• Patienter har ofta en orealistisk bild av ICD-effekt

• Snabb kontakt med pacemakerenhet för deaktivering efter

beslut