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Group Details

Name

Amrin JannatShah Forhad Ahmed

Mehedi HasanSajid Hasan

Roll

477481488497

Classification of Layout of Planning

What is Layout?

Layout of planning is deciding the best physical arrangement of all resources within a facility including personnel, operating equipment, storage, space, material handling equipment and all other supporting service to satisfy the anticipated demand at lowest cost.

Types of Layout of planning

Layout of planning are generally five types

Process layoutProduct layoutCombine layoutFixed position layout Group layout

Process Layout

The process layout is particularly useful where low volume of production is needed. In this type of layout, the m/c are not arranged according to the sequence of operations but are arranged according to the type of the operation. This layout is commonly suitable for non-repetitive jobs.

Advantages of Process Layout

• Machines are better utilized and fewer machines are required

• Flexibility of equipment personnel is possible• Lower initial investments• Higher utilization of production facility

Disadvantages of Process Layout

• Material handling cannot be mechanized• Process time is prolonged• Lower productivity due to number of set-ups

Product Layout

If all the processing equipment and machine are arranged according to the sequence of operations of the product, the layout is called product type layout. In this type of layout, only one product of one type of products produced in an operating area.It is mainly used in chemical industry, cement industry, rubber industry etc.

Advantages of Product Layout

• Reduced material handling activities.• Work In Process almost eliminated.• Minimum manufacturing time.• Simplification of the production planning and control

systems.• Tasks simplification.

Disadvantages of Product Layout

• No flexibility in the production process.• Low flexibility in the manufacturing times.• High capital investment.• Every workstation is critical to the process.• The lack of personnel or shut down of a machine

stops the whole process.• Monotonous work.

Combine Layout

A combination layout combines the advantages of both the process and product layouts. It is used when the same item is being manufactured in different types or sizes. In this, the machines are arranged in the process layout format but process grouping is arranged in a sequence. The sequence of operation with each of the product variety however remains the same.

Advantages of Combine Layout

• Low unit cost due to high volume.• High rate of output.• High utilization of labor and equipment.• Minimum manufacturing time• Low material handling cost per unit.

Disadvantages of combine Layout

• Morale problems and to repetitive stress injuries.• Inflexible for output or design.• Highly susceptible to shutdowns.• Lack of maintaining equipment or quality of output.

Fixed Position Layout

A fixed-position layout is appropriate for a product that is too large or too heavy to move. Fixed position layout involves the movement of manpower and machines to the product which remains stationary. The movement of men and machines is advisable as the cost of moving them would be lesser.

Advantages of Fixed Position Layout

• The investment on layout is very small.• The layout is flexible as change in job design and

operation sequence can be easily incorporated.• Adjustments can be made to meet shortage of

materials or absence of workers by changing the sequence of operations.

Disadvantages of Fixed Position Layout

• As the production period being very long so the capital investment is very high.

• Very large space is required for storage of material and equipment near the product.

Group Layout

Group Layout is also a combination of Product and Process Layout. It identifies the families of components that require similar types of requirements and machines which are clubbed together as cells. The cellular layout is also called a multi-objective layout because this layout tries to minimize the sum of the cost of transportation and the cost of equipment.

Advantages of Group Layout

• Reduced material handling. • Reduced in process inventory.• Improved human relation.• Increase operator expertise.• Implied reduction of necessary control.

Disadvantages of Group Layout

• Reduced shop flexibility.• Possible reduced machine utilization.• Possible extended job flow time.• Possible increased job tardiness.