POSTGRADUATEEDICAL JOURNA

EDITORA. A. G. Lewis, B.Sc., M.D., F.R.C.P.ADVISRYlUV EnrfDIIAT. RDlAUf

A. G. Apley, F.R.C.S.M. G. C. Ashby, MA., M.R.C.P.E. H. Brown, D.M., M.R.C.P., D.C.H.M. Davidson, D.M., F.R.CP.J. P. Hopewell, F.R.C.S.T. D. Kellock, M.D., M.R.C.P.

Prof. L. P. Le Quesne, D.M., F.R.C.S.D. Levi, M.S., F.R.C.S.K. I. Nissen, F.R.C.S.W. Somerville, M.D., F.R.C.P.N. E. Stidolph, F.R.C.S.

Editorial Representative for Austraia: Sir Clive Fitts, M.D.(Melb.), F.R.C.P.(Lond.),F.R.A.C.P.

Editorial Assitt: Mrs. M. E. Coops, B.Sc.Published by

The Fellowship of Postgrduate Medicine, 9 Great James St., London, W.C.1.(Chancery 6900)Secretary: Miss I. R. Barnet

Price lOs. monthly. Annual subscription 63s.

Subscription Agent for the United States and Canada: The Williams & Wilkins Company,Baltimore. Subscription per annual volume, $10.00; single issues, $1.50Subscription Agent for Australia: W. Ramsay (Surgical) Ltd., Melbourne

Annual subscipton, £3 3s.; single issues, 10s. 6d.

INSTRUCTIONS TO CONTRIBUTORSPreparation of Manuscript

Papers should be typewritten on sheets of uniform size with double spacing and widemargins. The top copy should be sent.

The title of the paper is typed on a separate sheet together with the name of the authorwith degrees and description, and the name and address of the hospital or laboratory. Unlessotherwise indicated proofs will be sent to the first author on the list if there is more than one.Only the smallest possible number of verbal corrections should be made in the galley proofs.Tables and Illustrations

These should be separate from the manuscript and be as few as possible. Illustrationsare referred to in the text as 'Figures' and numbered in Arabic numerals. Each figure and tableshould be accompanied by an explanatory legend which is typed separately.

Photographs, preferably glossy, should be sent unmounted with any lettering done on thephotograph itself. X-rays should be sent as negatives. Tables and line drawings should bevery cleariy drawn out in black Indian ink on white paper. Tables, etc., should be marked onthe back with the name of the author and title of the paper. Photographs are preferred notmarked but if so only very lightly with a soft pencil. The top and bottom of X-rays andphotographs should be markedReferences

The' Harvard system is followed. The name of the author and the date of the paper aregiven in the text. 'The' list df authors is put alphabetically at the end of the article. Eachreference listed should give: author's name, initials, year of publication of the paper (inbrackets), title of paper, name of journal, volume and page number. If the author has writtenmore than one paper in the year they are distinguished by the letters a, b, c, d, etc. Referencesto books should give year of publication, place of publication and name of publisher and, ifnecessary, number of volume and page number. If there is more than one author all arementioned initially in the text but subsequently the words 'and others' follows the first name.

Abbreviations for journals are those used in 'World Medical Publications' (published byB.M.A. for World Medical Association).

Papers published in the Journal become the copyright of the Journal and may not bereproduced elsewhere either in whole or in part without the permission of the Publishers.

The Editor reserves the right to make changes which may clarify or condense paperswhere this is considered desirable.

July, 1964 435

BOOKS RECEIVEDThe Editorial Board acknowledge with thanks receipt of the followingvolumes. A selection from these will be made for review.

'Diseases of the Heart and Blood Vessels', issuedby the New York Heart Association. Pp. 488.London: J. & A. Churchill. 1964. 40s.

'Thirst', edited by M. J. Wayner. First Inter-national Symposium on Thirst in the Regulation ofBody Water. Pp. viii + 570 illustrated. Oxford,London, New York and Paris: Pergamon Press.1964. £7.

'Practical Procedures in Diagnostic Radiology',by H. M. Saxton and Basil Strickland. Pp. xii +275 illustrated. London: H. K. Lewis. 1964. £2. ]Os.

'The Biochemical Approach to Life', by F. R.Jevons. Pp. 184. London: George Allen and Unwin.1964. 28s.'Ultrasound as a Diagnostic and Surgical Tool',

by D. Gordon. Pp. xii + 413 illustrated. Edinburghand London: E. & S. Livingstone. 1964. 63s.

'Physiological Problems in Space Exploration',edited by J. D. Hardy. Pp. ix + 333. Springfield,Illinois: Charles C. Thomas. 1964. $12.50.

'Disorders of Voluntary Muscle', edited by J. N.

Walton. Pp x + 628 illustrated. London: J. & A.Churchill. 1964. 100s.

'The Scientific Basis of Medicine. Annual Reviews,1964'. British Postgraduate Medical Federation. Pp.vi + 364 illustrated. University of London: TheAthlone Press. 1964. 40s.

NEW EDITIONS

'Textbook of the Rheumatic Diseases', edited byW. S. C. Copeman. Third edition. Pp. x + 831illustrated. Edinburgh and London: E. & S. Living-stone. 1964. £6 10s.

'Postgraduate O)bstetrics and Gynaecology', byF. J. Browne and J. C. McClure Browne. Thirdedition. Pp. ix + 789 illustrated. London: Butter-worths. 1964. £6 15s.

'Conybeare's Textbook of Medicine', edited byW. N. Mann. Fourteenth edition. Pp. xix + 1048.Edinburgh and London: E. & S. Livingstone. 1964.63s.

BOOK REVIEWVSThe Control of Diseases (Social and Communicable)

HUGH PAUL, M.D., D.P.H. 2nd Edition. Pp. x + 538.Edinburgh & London: E. & S. Livingstone.1963. 30s.

Dr. Paul obviously enjoyed writing this bookenormously; in it he has provided a considerableamount of detail containing most useful informa-tion for those in the early stages of a public healthcareer. Considerable space is given to the historyof diseases and epidemics which the reviewer feltsomewhat repetitive although it was easy to read ifsomewhat journalistic. In this respect such phrasesas the "Captains of the Men of Death" appeara little too often. This kind of phraseology seemsrather inappropriate in scientific writing and ratherhackneyed and it is thought such very old soldiersshould fade away and die. However, the materialprovided, which the author has gone to considerabletrouble to obtain, reveals his considerable experiencein handling epidemics and himself as a person who isvery well aware of what is necessary for a MedicalOfficer of Health to know.The reviewer found his cautious approach to

immunisation most welcome. His general sense ofbalance in its evaluation was apparent throughoutalthough the reviewer did not agree with his viewson the immunisation of very young children.The reviewer agrees, in the most part with the

views expressed by Dr. Paul but there were pointswhere it was difficult to go along with him andthis was perhaps notably in infections of theintestinal tract. Dysentery, which is a major problemin the United Kingdom, seemed to be underplayed

in the book and not enough emphasis was givento the change of incidence in terms of numbers andtime of year. No mention was made of the newconcept of spread. Considerable reference was madeto flies as vehicles for transmitting infections. Thisis certainly not in keeping with contemporarythought as far as bacillary dysentery is concerned.Also in Food Poisoning outbreaks it was thoughtthat Dr. Paul rather abruptly dismissed the placeof Clostridium welchii; in the experience of thereviewer this organism is frequently isolated inassociation with outbreaks of diarrhoea and vomit-ing. The foodstuffs referred to as possible carriersof food poisoning organisms seem to be based onexperiences of the past and it is felt that rathermore reference should have been made to frozenturkeys and chickens, now oonsumed in greatnumbers, and which are found, not infrequently,to carry Salmonella. Considerable useful advice isgiven in handling outbreaks 'but for some reasonthe place of symptomatology, which does give arather useful guide in the field investigations, israther neglected.Dr. Paul in his book does not restrict himself

to infectious disease in his epidemiological approachand the addition of a section on the social diseasesis most welcome and useful. At times, however, heseems to show an absence of close contact withpresent day experiences in the community.

Finally however, this is a most comprehensivebook, based on an extensive experience in publichealth and the reviewer cannot think of anyother single work which could provide such value-able practical information.

Postgraduate News

POSTGRADUATE NEWS

July 1964

The information contained in this section is published by courtesy of theorganizations concerned and nto responsibility for any changes of detailor omissions can be accepted by the publishers. In all cases, applicationsfor enrolment or further information should be made direct to thesponsors of ihe course.

FELLOWSHIP OF POSTGRADUATEMEDICINEThe Fellowship usually holds the following courseseach year (aproximate dates and times in brackets):Medicine (M.RC.P.)General Medicine. Connaught, London Chest,Whipps Cross Hospitals (4 weeks, twice yearly, April/May, October/November), St. Stephen's Hospital(evenings, 4 weeks, twice yearly). Whittington Hos-pital (evenings, 5 weeks, twice yearly, May/June,October/November). Queen Mary's Hospital for theEast End (weekend, twice yearly, June, December).Ashford Hospital, Middlesex (2 Saturdays, twiceyearly, May, November).Infectious Diseases. Hither Green Hospital (week-end, twice yearly, March/November).P2diatrics (D.C.H.). Princess Louise KensingtonHospital (weekend, twice yearly, March, September/October).Surgery (F.R.CS.).Generl Surgery. Connaught Hospital (weekend,twice yearly, April, September/October). QueenMary's Hospital for the East End (weekend, onceyearly, February). Royal Marsden Hospital (twiceyearly, March and September).General Surgery and Orthop2edics. Fulham Hospital(8 Saturdays, twice yearly, March/April, September/October).Orthopiedics. Rowley Bristow Hospital, Pyrford (3alternate weekends, twice yearly, March/April, Sep-tember/October).Plastic Surgery. Queen Mary's Hospital, Roe-hampton (weekend, twice yearly, February,September).

Please note that instruction arranged by the Fellow-ship of Postgraduate Medicine is open only to Asso-ciates (annuial subscription, 21s.). Detailed syllabusesare published approximately 4 to 6 weeks beforecourses begin and are circulated to all Associates.No entries to courses can be accepted in advance ofthe syllabus being published. Information regardingcourses can be obtained from the office between10 a.m. and 5 p.m., Mondays to Fridays (TelephoneChancery 6900), or by writing to the Secretary,Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine, 9 Great JamesStreet, London, W.C.I.

GENERAL DENTAL COUNCILThe General Dental Council have issued booklets asfollows:"Facilities for Dental Postgraduate Study in theUnited Kingdom and Ireland", containing a listof schools and institutions at which postgraduatecourses are held or which provide facilities for indi-vidual students, and an alphabetical list of subjectsshowing where instruction in each can be obtained;"Higher Dental Qualifications", setting out in generalterms the conditions to be satisfied by candidates.Copies of these booklets, particulars of films ofinterest to dentists, and further information can beobtained on application to the Registrar, GeneralDental Council, 37 Wimpole Street, London, W.I.

BRITISH POSTGRADUATE MEDICALFEDERATION (University of London)The Federation provides:(1) Training for prospective specialists, supplement-

ing the work of the undergraduate medical anddental schools.

(2) Advanced revision for practising specialists.(3) Instruction for medical and dental practitioners

who, though not specialists, desire more detailedknowledge of any branch of medicine ordentistry.

Comprising the Federation at present are the Post-graduate Medical School of London, Institute ofBasic Medical Sciences, Institute of Cancer Research,Institute of Cardiology, Institute of Child Health,Institute of Dental Surgery, Institute of Dermatology,Institute of Disease of the Chest, Institute of Laryng-ology and Otology, Institute of Neurology, Instituteof Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Ophthalm-ology, Institute of Orthopedics, Institute ofPsychiatry, Institute of Urology.

COURSES FOR GENERAL PRACTI-TIONERS AND LOCAL AUTHORITYMEDICAL OFFICERSIntensive CoursesJuly 3 (5 days), General, London Undergraduate andPostgraduate Teaching Hospitals. July 6 to 17(13 days), Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, W.l.July 13 to 17 (5 days), Dermatology, Institute ofDermatology, W.C.2.For furiher information apply to the Secretary,British Postgraduate Medical Federation, 18 Guild-ford Street, London, W.C.l.

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POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL

COMMONWEALTH MEDICALADVISORY BUREAUThe Bureau is maintained by the British MedicalAssociation to provide a personal advisory service todoctors visiting the United Kingdom from other partsof the Commonwealth. General information as wellas that on postgraduate education and accommoda-tion is given.All enquiries should be addressed to The MedicalDirectors, Commonwealth Medical Advisory Bureau,B.M.A. House, Tavistock Square, London, W.C.l.

POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOL OFLONDONThe Postgraduate Medical School is associated withHammersmith Hospital. Its teaching is directedprimarily to the training of teachers and specialists ingeneral medicine, general surgery, anwsthetics, path-ology and radiology and is based on advanced clini-cal studies, supplemented by conferences, lecturesand discussions with an emphasis on the scientificaspect of investigation and treatment. The organisedwork of the clinical department is concentrated intothree university 10-week terms, starting in January,April and October, leaving the vacation for moreintensive research work. Research students areaccepted for training and practice in methods ofclinical investigation. The ordinary practice of thehospital is continuous throughout the year, but thosenot familiar with the School are advised not to startwork in vacation time. Coiprehensive work inanmsthetics is provided suitable for candidates for theF.F.A. in April and October terms. The work of theDepartment of Pathology includes a year's coursefor the university Diploma in Clinical Pathologyfor which 16 Students with previous pathologyexperience are selected. The Department of Radi-ology train doctors for the radiological diplomas.The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,together with Queen Charlotte's and the ChelseaHospitals, form the Institute of Obstetrics and Gyna-cology. House officer and registrar posts are avail-able in the appropriate departments.For further information application should be madeto the Dean, Postgraduate Medical School of Lon-don, Ducane Road, London, W.12.

ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OFENGLANDCourses of clinical conferences and surgery lecturesare arranged.

Applications for Long Course of Clinical Con-ferences (August 22/October 17) (fee 50 guineas)were due before June 1, 1964. Applications for ShortCourse of Lectures and Clinical Conferences (Sep-tember 26/October 17) (fee 20 guineas) are duebefore July 1, 1964.Attendance at the lectures only (fee 10 guineas orlOs. per lectures) is open to all.Further information can be obtained from Mr. C. J.Lambert, Assistant Secretary, Royal College of Sur-geons of England, Lincoln's Inn Fields, LondonW.C.2.

INSTITUTE OF BASIC MEDICALSCIENCES(Royal College of Surgeons of England)The Institute co-operates with other specialist Insti-tutes of the Federation in providing facilities forpractical work and instruction in the basic medicalsciences.For further information please apply to Secretary,Mr. W. F. Davis, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,Royal College of Surgeons of England, Lincoln'sInn Fields, London, W.C.2.

INSTTlUTE OF CANCER RESEARCH:ROYAL CANCER HOSPITALThe Institute of Cancer Research is associated withthe Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, S.W.3,and at Sutton, Surrey. The Chester Beatty ResearchInstitute, Fulham Road, S.W.3, contains the depart-ments of Experimental Pathology, Chemistry, Physi-cal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Cytogenetics and alliedsubjects. The departments of Physics, Radiotherapyand Clinical Research are situated in the RoyalMarsden Hospital and at Sutton, Surrey. A limitednumber of students studying for the Ph.D. in anyof these disciplines or for the Diploma in MedicalRadiotherapy are accepted each year.Enquiries should be made to the Secretary, Insti-tute of Cancer Research; Royal Cancer Hospital,34 Sumner Place, London, S.W.7.

INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY(National Heart Hospital)Courses of instruction lasting ten weeks are avail-able in the autumn and summer terms for both full-time and part-time students; fees £42 and £21respectively. Two weeks intensive course is held inthe spring term, fee £21.A Consultants' course of one week's duration isheld in March; registration fee £10 10s.Enquiries, and applications for admission to courses,should be addressed to the Dean, Institute of Cardi-ology, 35 Wimpole Street, W.I.

INSTITUTE OF DISEASES OF THE CHEST(Brompton Hospital and London ChestHospital)The Institute of Diseases of the Chest (University ofLondon) is associated with the Hospitals for Diseasesof the Chest (Brompton Hospital, S.W.3, and LondonChest Hospital, E.2) and is situated in the groundsof the Brompton Hospital.MedicalInstruction is arranged as follows:Autumn Term: Full-time course in tuberculosis;part-time course in chest diseases.Spring Term: Full-time and part-time courses inchest diseases.Summer Term: Full-time and part-time courses inchest diseases.Fees per term: Course in tuberculosis, £40; full-time course in chest disease, £40; part-time coursein chest disease, £21.Surgical and CardiologicalWhole-time courses in chest surgery and in thesurgical aspects of cardiology are conducted duringthe three terms of ten weeks each. They include

438 July, 1964

J 6Postgraduate News

attendance at out-patient clinic.s, operating sessions,ward clinics, case demonstrations and discussions,and lectures, and are conducted partly at the Bromp-ton Hospital and partly at the London Chest Hos-pital. They are intended as an introduction tothoracic and cardiac surgery and the surgical aspectsof cardiology.Fees: Whole-time course, £40 per term; part-timecourse £25 per term, or £10 for one month.RadiologyPart-time instruction in radiology of the chest fortrainee radiologists only is given each term. Fee£20 for one term.Clinical DemonstrationsClinical demonstrations are given on Fridays at 5p.m. Open lectures are given on Wednesdays at5 p.m. during t;he University Terms. Admission free.For further general information applications shouldbe addressed to the Dean, Institute of Diseases ofthe Chest, Brompton Hospital, Fulham Road, S.W.3.

INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH(The Hospital for Sick Children, QueenElizabeth Hospital for Children, PostgraduateMedical School)The Institute of Child Health is associated with TheHospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street,the Postgraduate Medical School of London atHammersmith Hospital, and the Queen ElizabethHospital for Children. In its programme teaching onevery aspect of child health and disease is provided.Visits are arranged to the department for the new-born and premature infant at the Postgraduate MedicalSchool ot London, Hammersmith Hospital, Matern-ity, and Child Welfare Clinics, Nursery Schools, etc.The Institute provides tuition throughout the yearin three terms of 12 weeks' duration each, beginningin January, May and September. Several guest lec-tures are given during the summer term by visitingpediatricians from abroad. The fees are £40 for oneterm and £80 for two terms.Applications should be addressed to the Dean, Insti-tute of Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children,Great Ormond Street, London, W.C.l.

INSTITUTE OF DERMATOLOGYSt. John's Hospital for Diseases of the SkinHospital Practice. This includes clinical instructionin the Out-Patient Department daily, weekly wardrounds and case conferences in the In-PatientDepartment, tutorials in clinical dermatology andhistopathology, attendance in the Department ofPathology and other departments of the Hospital.Arrangements exist for selected students to beattached to the In-Patient Department as super-numary residential house officers. Senior studentsare eligible to apply for clinical assistantships in theOut-Patient Clinics.Fees: (a) Comprehensive course-one year, £120;(b) short course-one or two terms, £40 a term; (c)Ph.D. students; if thesis accepted, one year £75; forresearch projects requiring heavy expenditure ofapparatus a bench fee of an additional £75 is charged.Laboratory. The facilities for students include tech-nical work in histology, bacteriology and medicalmycology.

Museum. A collection of moulages is available.There is access to a large collection of histopatho-logical sections.Enquiries should be made to the Dean, Institute ofDermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases ofthe Skin, Lisle Street, Leicester Square, London,W.C.2.

INSTITUTE OF DENTAL SURGERY(Eastman Dental Hospital)The Institute holds courses in orthodontics (full-time, for one year), and in periodontology, conserva-tive dentistry, prosthetic dentistry, oral surgery, oralmedicine, general anasthesia, oral pathology andchildren's dentistry (variable length, full-time andpart-time). Refresher courses are arranged through-out the year for general practitioners. A full-timegeneral course of twelve months' duration, suitablefor candidates preparing for the Final Examinationfor the Fellowship in Dental Surgery, commences inSeptember (fee £80). Revision courses are arrangedin conjunction with the Faculty of Dental Surgeryof the Royal College of Surgeons. These last eightweeks, and start in March or April and in September(fee £31 lOs. Od.). Special arrangements can bemade for students requiring courses of study andresearch experience not falling within the scope ofthe coures listed above.For further information apply to the Dean, Instituteof Dental Surgery, Eastman Dental Hospital, Gray'sInn Road, London, W.C. I.

INST TUTE OF LARYNGOLOGY ANDOTOLOGY(Royal National Throat, Nose and EarHospital)There is daily clinical teaching throughout the year.The theoretical aspects of the specialty and of thebasic sciences upon which it is founded are coveredby courses of lectures and demonstrations which areheld twice annually, commencing in February andAugust. There are facilities for dissection as partof the course; for appointments as clinical assistantsin the associated Hospital and for higher posts foradvanced studenits. Twice yearly there are advancedrevision classes for M.S. and F.R.C.S. students andpractical revision classes for Part II D.L.O. students.Short courses in aural surgery, the deaf child andpathology are arranged periodically.Intensive Clinical Lecture Period for Part II D.L.O.and other students. 29th June-8th August, 1964.These periods are primarily designed to give aclinical survey of the whole field of the Specialtyas a preliminary to practical clinical training. Atthe completion of the Intensive Lecture Periodselected students may be given the opportunity toserve as house surgeons in the associated hospitals.For further information, applications should beaddressed to the Dean, Instiute of Laryngology andOtology, 330-336 Gray's Inn Road, London, W.C.I.

INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGY(Ihe National Hospital, Queen Square, andthe Maida Vale Hospital for Nervous Diseases)The teaching is mainly by attendance on the hospitalpractice. Some advanced students are appointed as

July, 1964 439

POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL

full-time clinical clerks at the National Hospital,Queen Square, or one of the special departments. Alimited number of clinical clerkships are available atthe Maida Vale Hospital.In addition, elementary neurology is taught in threeterms each of ten weeks. The syllabus deals withthe anatomy and physiology of the nervous system,methods of examination, neuro-pathology and neuro-chemistry, and includes lectures and demonstrationson clinical neurology (medical and surgical), psycho-logical medicine and ancillary subjects. While thelectures are arranged to cover the whole year, theinstruction in each term is entirely inclusive andthe section on clinical examination is completelycomprehensive in each term. Special lectures byneurologists from outside London and from abroadare held throughout these courses. Fees for attend-ing the full-time course of ten weeks, £40; forattending hospital practice, £40 for three monthsor £70 for six months.Part-time teazhing is given in the Out-patientDepartment at the National Hospital, Queen Square,on five days a week throughout the year (publicholidays excepted) and at Maida Vale Hospital.Courses of clinical demonstrations are given onWednesdays and Saturdays at the National Hospital,Queen Square. Fee for either course, £3 3s. Adver-tisements concerning these appear from time to timein the medical journals.During each term a series of advanced lectures onclinical and experimental neurology will be heldon Wednesday evenings 6 to 8 p.m. Admission freewithout ticket.For further particulars please apply to the Dean,Institute of Neurology, National Hospital, QueenSquare, London, W.C. 1.

INSTTrUTE OF OBSTETRICS ANDGYNAEDCOLOGY(Queen Charlotte's Maternity Hospital, ChelseaHospital for Women, Department of Obstetricsand Gyneecology of Hammersmith Hospital)Two terms of 13 weeks each are held, beginning inthe first week of March and the first week ofSeptember (enrolment fee £3; £52 10s. for theterm's course). General practioners are accepted toattend for short periods during term time (fee £4 4s.per week). General practitioner refresher courseslasting one week are held at the end of Februaryand the end of June (fee £9 12s.). Ministry ofHealth grants are payable for approved practitionersattending either for one or two weeks during term,or the one week refresher course. An intensivecourse suitable for those preparing for higherexaminations is held during the first two weeks ofDecember and the first two weeks of June (fee£16 16s.). Laboratory training in pathology, endo-crinology and cytology is available for a limitednumber of postgraduates. The Institute has hostelrooms at Queen Charlotte's Hospital and Hammer-smith Hospital.Further information and enrolment forms can beobtained from the Secretary, Institute of Obstetricsand Gynaecology, Chelsea Hospital for Women,Dovehouse Street, London, S.W.3.

INSTITUTE OF OPHTHALMOLOGY(Moorfields Eye Hospital)Courses suitable for candidates for the FinalF.R.C.S. (Oph.) examination are held twice yearly, apart-time course (fee £15 15s.) being held in Marchand April, and a full-time course (fee £21) beingheld in the last fortnight of September.Courses suitable for candidates for the D.O.examination. Courses of lectures and classes begin-ning the first weekday in March and October eachyear to meet the requirements of candidates enteringfor the examination for the Diploma in Ophthalmo-logy and other ophthalmological examinations willbe given by members of the staff of the Hospitaland Institute. Each course is designed to extendover one term of approximately 18 weeks, andincludes the following subjects: anatomy (includingembryology and normal histology), elementaryphysiology of the eye, optics (elementary andphysiological), bacteriology and pathology, refrac-tion work and clinical opthalmology. Students canattend the daily clinical practice of the twobranches of the Moorfields Eye Hospital and holdthe appointment of Clinical Assistant concurrentlywith the above course. A fee of £73 10s. will admitstudents to the lectures and tutorial classes andclinical practice of any one course.A two-day Course for Consultants and SeniorSpecialists is held twice yearly. Two half-day coursesfor General Practitioners and one three-day coursefor General Practitioners, both arranged by theBritish Postgraduate Medical Federation, are heldeach year.Other courses. Orthoptic training (one week's in-tensive course, usually in January and May, fee£7 7s.); contact lenses (one week's intensive course,usually in February and July, fee £12 12s.). Addi-tional courses by arrangement.Hospital Practice only. Fees as follows: one month,£3 3s.; six months, £15 15s.For further information apply to the Dean, Instituteof Ophthalmology, Judd Streeet, London, W.C.I.

INSTITUTE OF ORTHOPADICS(Royal National Orthop2edic Hospital)The Institute is concerned with postgraduate educa-tion in orthopaedics and with research. The practiceof the Hospital (both at the town section in GreatPortland Street and at the country section at Stan-more) and a Radiological Museum and the WellcomeMuseum of Orthopiedics are open to postgraduates,who may join at any time. In addition to hospitalpractice, formal courses of various lengths are heldduring academic terms.JULY4 Sat. 10 a.m. Teaching Demonstration (Coun-

try Section).8 Wed. 8 p.m. Lecture: "The Radiology of

Parathyroid Disease and itsVariants". Dr. Howard L.Steitnbach, San Francisco(Town Section).

14 Tues. 6 p.m. Registrars' Meeting (TownSection).

22 Wed. 8 p.m. Clinical Conference (CountrySection).

Further information may be obtained from the Dean.at 234 Great Portland Street, London, W. 1.

440 July, 1964

Postgraduate News

INSTITUTE OF PSYCHIATRY (BethlemRoyal Hospital and Maudsley Hospital)The Institute is concerned with postgraduate educa-tion in psychiatry and allied subjects, and withresearch. A course of instruction covering up tothree years, and starting in October yearly, is pro-vided for medical practitioners who wish to specialisein psychiatry or to prepare for the Diploma inPsychological Medicine.Clinical instruction, which includes case conferences,seminars and practical experience in case-taking, isgiven at associated hospitals in the mornings, andsystematic lectures and demonstrations are arrangedfor the afternoons. Students may also enrol forshorter periods or for single series of lectures.The subjects covered include anatomy and bio-chemistry of the nervous system, neurophysiology,pathology of nervous and mental diseases, psychiatryof children and adults, delinquency, principles ofpsychotherapy, forensic psychiatry and criminology,psychology, mental testing and statistics. Lectureson subjects of special interest are arranged fromtime to time. The tuition fee for a full year'scourse is £105, excluding enrolment fee. Forshorter periods the fee varies with the type ofcourse chosen. Selected students are eligible forappointments on the staff of the Joint Hospital.Facilities for research and supervision of study forhigher degrees can be provided in clinical work andin the biochemical, physiological, neuro-endocrino-logical, neuropathological and psychological labora-tories.A course for Honours Graduates in Psychology isavailable in clinical psychology for the AcademicPost-graduate Diploma in Psychology.Further information may be obtained from the Dean,Institute of Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, DenmarkHill, London, S.E.5.

INSTITUTE OF UROLOGY (St. Peter's, St.Paul's and St. Philip's Hospitals)Weekend courses of lectures and demonstrations,beginning on Friday afternoon and ending on Sundayabout tea-time, are given about once a month, fromOctober to April, as advertised. Fee £5 5s. for eachcourse.Lectures for general practitioners are given onWednesdays, throughout the winter months, at 5p.m. at St. Philip's Hospital. No fee.The practice of the hospitals, including the use ofthe Institute museum, reading room and library, isavailable to students at a fee of £10 1Os per month.Those attending a weekend course may use the samefacilities for the duration of the course.Applications should be addressed to the Secretary,Institute of Urology, 10 Henrietta Street, CoventGarden, London, W.C.2.

NORTH LONDON POSTGRADUATEMEDICAL INSTITUTE(The Prince of Wales's General Hospital,Tottenham, N.15)Clinical instruction at all hospitals in the group.Full details from the Dean, North London Post-graduate Medical Institute, The Prince of Wales'sGeneral Hospital, Tottenham, N.15.

PLAISTOW HOSPITAL CHEST UNITIn-patient round every Tuesday at 10 a.m., andWednesday, 2.30 p.m.Apply Registrar, Plaistow Hospital, Samson Street,Plaistow, London, E.13.

ROYAL LONDON HOM(EOPATHICHOSPITALClinical Tutorials. Practical instruction in the appli-cation of homceopathic principles is given by theTutors, Dr. D. M. Foubister and Dr. L. R. Twenty-man, at their tutorial clinics in the O.P. departmenton Thursday at 9.30 and 1.30 p.m. throughout theyear. Open to medical practitioners without fee.A course of lectures is also given from Octoberto June under the auspices of the HomceopathicResearch and Educational Trust. These lecturesdeal with the subjects required for examinationfor the Diploma of the Faculty of Homceopathy.Fee for registered medical practitioners, £12 12s. persession; medical students admitted without charge.For further information application should be madeto the Dean of the Education Course, Royal LondonHoma?opathic Hospital, Great Ormond Street,London, W.C.1.

ST. STEPHEN'S HOSPITAL(Rheumatism Unit)A limited number of postgraduates can attend theout-patient sessions of the unit on Thursday at1.30 p.m. and Friday at 9 a.m.Applications for attendance at these sessions shouldbe made to the Medical Registrar, Rheumatism Unit,St. Stephen's Hospital, Fulham Road, S.W.10.

EMIPIRE RHEUMATISM COUNCILLecture courses in rheumatic diseases are arrangedby the Postgraduate Medical Federation.Particulars are obtainable from the General Secre-tary, Empire Rheumatism Council, Faraday House,8-10 Charing Cross Road, London, W.C.2.

EAST HAM CHEST CLINICOut-patient teaching. First and third Monday of eachmonth at 2.30 p.m.Apply Registrar, East Ham Chest Clinic, KatherineRoad, Forest Gate, London, E.7.

LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE ANDTROPICAL MEDICINE INCORPORATINGTHE ROSS INSTITUTE(University of London)Courses of study are arranged for the Diploma inPublic Health (London); Diploma in Applied Parasit-ology and Entomology (London); Diploma in Bac-teriology (London); Diploma in Occupational Hygiene(London); Diploma in Clinical Medicine of theTropics (London); Diploma in Tropical Public Health(London) and Diploma in Tropical Medicine andHygiene (England). Short courses are arranged inMedical Statistics and Epidemiology, OccupationalHealth, Medical Services Administration, Environ-mental Control, Occupational Hygiene, and MedicalMycology.For further information and enrolment application

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should be addressed to the Registrar, London Schoolof Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street,Gower Street, London, W.C.l.

ROYAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTHAND HYGIENEThe Royal Institute of Public Health and Hygieneconducts recognized courses of instruction (startingannually in MARCH and SEPTEMBER) for theexaminations of the Conjoint Board of the RoyalCollege of Physicians of London and the RoyalCollege of Surgeons of England for the Diplomain Public Health. Students are also prepared forthe Diploma in Industrial Health examinations ofthe Conjoint Board and of the Society of Apothe-caries of London. Courses may be taken whole-timeor part-time. Part-time courses may be commencedat any time, and all courses consist of both lecturesand visits. In the D.P.H. the practical work is carriedout at a county or metropolitan borough.Prospectuses, enrolment foims and full particularsmay be obtained from the Dean, The Royal Instituteof Public Health and Hygiene, 28 Portland Place,London, W. 1.

THE UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAMFaculty of MedicineBoard of Graduate Studies, Commonwealth SchoolA ten-week Commonwealth School to equip overseasgraduates to hold house officer appointments in theNational Health Service will commence at Stoke-on-Trent on October 12, 1964. Six places are available.Training will be mainly in general medicine andgeneral surgery as practised in British hospitals andno special preparation for higher qualifications isoffered. Tuition will be provided free of charge anda house officer's salary will be paid. No leave willbe granted during the period of the School.At the conclusion of the School those attending willbe under obligation to apply for and, if selected,accept a house officer appointment in a hospitaladministered by the Birmingham Regional HositalBoard.Candidates must be fully, provisionally or temporarilyregistered by the General Medical Council andmembers of the Medical Defence Union.Applications, with full details of qualifications andexperience and three testimonials should be addressedto Dr. A. G. W. Whitfield, Director, Board ofGraduate Studies, The Medical School, Birmingham,15. The closing date for applications is July 15,1964.Faculty of MedicineA two-year of instruction for the D.M.R.D. andD.M.R.T. of the Conjoint Board will commence onOctober 1, 1964. Fee 50 guineas. Six supernumeraryregistrar appointments are available in the Teachingand Associated Regional Hospitals for suitableapplicants.Enquiries should be addressed to Dr. A. G. W. Whit-field, Director, Board of Graduate Studies, TheMedical School, Birmingham 15.

BOARD OF GRADUATE STUDIESA one-week postgraduate course in Neurology willbe held at the Midland Centre for Neurosurgery andNeurology, Birmingham, from 26th to 31st October,1964. Fee 8 guineas.

Applications to attend should be addressed to Dr.A. G. W. Whitfield, Director, Board of GraduateStudies, the Medical School, Birmingham 15.Cheques should be made payable to the Universityof Birmingham and crossed.

BOARD OF GRADUATE STUDIESA two-week postgraduate course in Advanced Medi-cine will be held at Dudley Road Hospital, Bir-mingham 18, from 5th to 16th October, 1964. Thefee for the course is 15 guineas. A limited amountof residential accommodation is available.Applications to attend should be addressed to Dr.A. G. W. Whitfield, Director, Board of GraduateStudies, the Medical School, Birmingham 15.Cheques should be made payable to the Universityof Birmingham and crossed.

BRISTOL UNIVERSITYPostgraduate Diploma Courses. Courses of instruc-tion are provided for the University's Diploma inPublic Health and for the following diplomas of theConjoint Board: Child Health and Radio-Diagnosis.Further infornmation, copies of regulations for theBristol Diploma, and application forms for thecourses may be obtained from the Medical Post-graduate Dean, Senate House, Tyndall A venue,Bristol 2.

CAMBRIDGECambridge University PostgraduateMedical SchoolSummary of postgraduate facilities for general medi-cal practitioners from October to July (BankHolidays excepted) at Addenbrooke's Hospital unlessotherwise stated.Each week. Monday: 9 a.m. to 11 a.m., radio-therapeutic centre, gynaecological radium treatment(Prof. J. S. Mitchell and Mr. 0. Lloyd or MissBottomley); 9 a.m. to 1 p.m., O.P. clinic, 2 Bene'tPlace, child psychiatry (Dr. R. E. Glennie); 9 a.m.,ward round, medical cases (Prof. Ivor Mills); 9.15a.m., *O.P. department, dennatological clinic (Dr.A. J. Rook); 10 a.m., Papworth Hospital, arteri-ography and aortography (Dr. D. McC. Gregg);10 a.m., ward round, haematology (Dr. D'A. Kok);10 a.m., ward round, medical cases (Dr. T. M.Chalmers); 10.15 a.m., ward round, ChestertonHospital, geriatric cases (Dr. W. Davison); 10.30a.m., ward round, medical cases (Dr. A. P. Dick);10.30 a.m., Chest Clinic, Castle Hill, diseases of thechest (Dr. M. J. Greenberg); 2 p.m., *O.P. depart-ment, diabetic retinopathy clinic (Dr. D'A. Kok);2.15 p.m., *O.P. department, dermatological clinic(Dr. A. J. Rook). Tuesdays: 9 a.m. to 12 a.m.,radiotherapeutic centre, discussion of patients fol-lowed by ward round (Prof J. S. Mitchell); 9.15a.m., *ward round, neurosurgical cases (Mr. W.S. Lewin); 10 a.m., Department of Medicine, hmma-tology out-patients' clinic (Dr. D'A Kok); 10.15a.m., Maternity Hospital, Mill Road, ante-natalclinic for selected cases followed by ward round(Miss J. Bottomley); 2 p.m., *O.P. department, neuro-surgical out-patientst (Mr. W. S. Lewin); 2 p.m.,*orthopedic out-patients' department, orthopediccases (Mr. R. W. Butler); 2.15 p.m., *O.P. depart-ment, dermatological clinic (Dr. R. H. Champion);2.15 p.m., X-ray and radiotherapy departments,

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intra-arterial therapy (Dr. D. McC. Gregg and Prof.J. S. Mitchell); 5 p.m., *ward round, neourologicalcases (Dr. M. F. T. Yealland). Wednesdays 9 a.m. to12 a.m., radio-therapeutic centre, further discussionof patients followed by ward round (Prof. J. S.Mitchell); 10 a.m., ward round, 'haematological cases(Dr. F. G. J. Hayhoe); 10 a.m., Papworth Hospital,cardioangiography (Dr. D. McC. Gregg); 10.30 a.m.,Papworth Hospital, cardiac catheterisation (Dr. H.A. Fleming); 12.30 a.m. to 1 p.m., radiotherapeuticcentre, diagnostic radiology in relation to radio-therapy (Prof. J. S. Mitchell and Dr. F. R. Berridge);1.45 p.m., ward round, Papworth Hospital, cardiaccases (Dr. H. A. Fleming); 2 p.m., X-ray depart-ment, arteriography (Dr. D. McC. Gregg); 2.15p.m., *O.P. department, ear, nose and throat cases(Mr. K. F. Wilsdon); 2.30 p.m., *O.P. department,ophthalmic cases (Mr. W. S. Foulds); 3 p.m., *O.P.department, dermatological demonstration followedby lecture (Dr. A. J. Rook and Dr. R. H. Champion).Thursdays; 9 a.m. to 1 p.m., O.P. clinic, 2 Bene'tPlace, child psychiatry (Dr. R. E. Glennie); 9 a.m.,ward round, medical cases (Prof. Ivor Mills); 9.30a.m., Papworth Hospital, case conference or clinico-pathological meeting; 10 a.m., O.P. department,medical cases (Dr. T. M. Chalmers); 10.14 a.m.,*fradiotherapeutic centre, reticulosis clinic (Dr. D.Brinkley, Dr. F. G. J. Hayhoe, Dr. D'A. Kok andDr. E. M. Kingsley Pillers); 10.30 a.m., ward round,Papworth Hospital, thoracic surgical unit (Mr. B.B. M'ilstein and Mr. Christopher Parish); 2 p.m.,*orthopadic O.P. department, fracture clinic (Mr.A. H. G. Murley); 2 p.m., *O.P. department, cardiacout-patients (Dr. H. A. Fleming); 2.15 p.m., *O.P.department, thoracic surgical cases (Mr. B. B. Mil-stein); 2.30 p.m., ward round, medical cases (Dr.T. M. Chalmers); 2.30 p.m., ward round, PapworthHospital, thoracic medical cases (Dr. M. J. Green-berg); 4 p.m., *X-ray department, cardioscopy (Dr.D. McC. Gregg); 6.15 p.m., *clinic 6, tt anaesthetictutorials. Friday, 9.15 a.m., *O.P. department, derma-tological clinic (Dr. R. H. Champion); 9.15 a.m.,*ward round, neurosurgical cases (Dr. W. S.Lewin); 9.30 a.m., *clinic 5, neurological out-patients(Dr. M. F. T. Yealland); 10 a.m., *Department ofPhysical Medicine, demonstration of cases andmethods (Dr. W. A. Fell); 10 a.m., ward round,surgical cases (Mr. J. F. R. Withycombe); 10 aim.,*O.P. department, thoracic surgical cases, Mr.Christopher Parish); 10.15 a.m., ward round, Chester-ton Hospital, geriatric cases (Dr. W. Davison); 2.15p.m., X-ray and radiotherapy departments, intra-arterial therapy (Dr. D. McC. Gregg and Prof. J.S. Mitchell); 2.15 p.m., *O.P. department, dermato-logical clinic (Dr. A. J. Rook), 2.15 p.m., wardround, prdiatric cases (Dr. D. M. T. Gairdner); 12noon and 2.30 p.m., *O.P. department, gastroentero-logical clinic (Dr. F. R. Berridge and Dr. A. P.Dick). Anaesthetic instruction daily (except Satur-days) by arrangement with the Consultan-t Anaes-thetists. Post-mortem demonstrations daily (exceptSaturdays) at 12 noon.Clinico-pathological discussions are held on thefirst four Wednesdays in the month in the LectureRoom, Department of Pathology, at 5 p.m.Each month. First Monday: 11 a.m., *O.P. depart-ment, joint clinic (Mr. W. S. Lewin with Prof.J. S. Mitchell); 2.30 p.m., radiotherapeutic centre,diagnosis and treatment of cancer (Dr. D. G.Bratherton); 2.30 p.m., X-ray department, radiologicaldemonstration (Dr. D. McC. Gregg); 2.30 p.m.,

*orthopaedic O.P. department, orthopaedic cases orsubject (Mr. T. J. Fairbank). First Tuesday: 5 p.m.,*O.P. department, neurosurgery and neurology (staffclinical meeting). Second Saturday: 9 a.m., radio-therapeutic centre, isotope clinic (Prof. J. S.Mitchell). Third Monday, 2 pm., ward round,surgical cases (Mr. B. McN. Truscott). Third Tues-day: 9.30 a.m., *O.P. department, gynacologicalcases (Mr. 0. Lloyd); 3 p.m., O.P. department, 2Bene't Plaoe, clinical ipsychiatry (Dr. E. BeresfordDavies). Third Wednesday: 9.30 a.m., *O.P. depart-ment, urological and general surgical cases (Mr.J. F. R. Withycombe); 2.30 p.m., X-ray department,radiological demonstration (Dr. F. R. Berridge).Third Tuesday: 10.30 a.m., *O.P. department,, ear,nose and throat cases (Mr. A. S. H. Walford).Fourth Monday: 9 a.m., ward round, general surgi-cal cases (Mr. P. H. R. Ghey); 10 a.m., *O.P. depart-ment, ophthalmic cases (Mr. G. F. Wright).

* These sessions will be held at the New Adden-brooke's Hospital, Hills Road.

t By arrangement.tt These sessions are primarily for members of

the Amnsthetic Department, but other practitionerswho are interested will be welcome.School of Cainical Research and PostgraduateMedical TeachingPostgraduate Courses for General PractitionersAt CambridgeThe following symposia will be held in the Post-graduate Lecture Theatre at Addenbrooke's Hospital,Trumpington Street, Cambridge (unless otherwisestated) during the academical year 1963-64. Eachcourse will begin a;t 10.30 a.m. and will consistof lecture-discussions and/or demonstrations eitherof clini:cal cases or to illustrate modem methods.The subject matter and clinical material will bechosen for its special appeal to those engaged ingeneral practice. A detailed 'programme will bepublished a few weeks before the date of eachsymposium.July 4 Sat. The Clinical Significance of RecentAdvances in Pathology.At Ipswich, 'Friday Club' meetings (discussion groupfor General Practitioners) are held at 1.45 p.m. onthe first and third Fridays in each month fromOctober, 1963, to July, 1964, at the Ipswich andEast Suffolk Hospital, Anglesea Road Wing.One week refresher courses for General Practitioners(1) July 6-11, 1964; (2) July 13-18, 1964. Accommo-dation in Downing ollege.Advanced courses for members of University andhospital medical and scientific staffs and registeredmedical practitioners are being arranged as follows:August 18 to 21: Current Research in Leukiemia.Accommodation in Clare and Selwyn Colleges.Further particulars and details of the procedure forclaiming grant towards expenses in attending coursesunder the Ministry of Health Postgraduate Schememay be obtained from the Secretary, The MedicalSchool, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge (Tel. 58234).

CARDIFFThe Welsh National School of MedicineD.P.H. Wales (Diploma in Public Health). Part-time course, extending over two academic years.Courses commence in the October in years of evendate.

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D.T.CD. Wales (Diploma in Tuberculosis andChest Diseases). Five to six months' full-time course,January to June.D.C.H.Eng. (Diploma in Child Health). Foursessions weekly for twelve months, commencing inOctober and April.The number of admissions to each of the abovecourses is strictly limited, and early applicationsshould be made to the Secretary, The Welsh NationalSchool of Medicine, 34 Newport Road, Cardiff.

DUBLINUniversity CollegeThe following courses will be held during the session1964-5:D.P.H. Course. One academic year of whole-timestudy. Examinations June and September.D.P.M. Course. Michaelmas term. Examinations,Parts I and II, December and June.D.C.H. Courses. Michaelmas term. ExaminationsJune and December.Further particulars may be obtained on applicationto the Registrar, University College, Earlsfort Ter-race, Dublin.

DUNDEEQueen's College, University of St. AndrewsThe following courses will be held during the session1964-65.D.P.H. Course. One academic year of whole-timestudy. Examinations June and September.D.I.H. Course. One academic year of whole-timestudy. Examinations June and September.D.I.H. (Shortened). Those in possession of a recog-nised D.P.H. can be excused the first two terms.C.I.H. Course. One term, April to June. Examina-tions June and September.Further particulars may be obtained on applicationto the Dean, Faculty of Medicine, Queen's College,Dundec.

EDINBURGHEdinburgh Postgraduate Board for MedicineSurgery. Three-month courses of postgraduatesurgery suitable for surgeons requiring a refreshercourse in the current outlook on general surgery orfor graduates preparing to specialize in surgery,start in February and September each year. Theprogramme has been arranged to provide co-ordinatedclinical and systematic instruction in general surgicalwards and specialized surgical units in Edinburgh.Fee £38.Medical Sciences. Two 12-week courses in the basicmedical sciences, anatomy, physiology, pathology,including bacteriology) are organized each year. Thesecourses comprise lectures, demonstrations andpractical instruction. Courses commence in Januaryand September. The fee is £38, which includesmatriculation.Internal Medicine. Courses lasting 13 weeks, suitablefor graduates wishing a refresher course, or tospecialize in medicine commence in March andSeptember each year. These courses consist of320 hours' instruction, comprising lectures, clinicaldemonstrations and ward visits. Fee £38. Additional

instruction in clinical pwdiatrics, tropical medicine,clinical chemistry and radiology is arranged in con-junction with the course in medicine, a small feebeing charged; the numbers are limited.Clinical Work. Opportunities for clinical instructionare available for members of the Courses in Surgeryand Medicine as follows: (a) Clinical Courses inInternal Medicine are held, starting in February (fourweeks) and in July (nine weeks) and (b) individualattachments for three-months period are availablein selected hospitals. The Royal College of Physiciansof Edinburgh award two Hill Pattison-StruthersBursaries each year to graduates attending the InternalMedicine course. Each Bursary amounts to £100.Applications for enrolment should be addressed tothe Director of Postgraduate Studies, Surgeons' Hall,Edinburgh, 8, supplying particulars of qualifical-tions and postgraduate experience.

GLASGOWGlasgow Postgraduate Medical BoardThe following courses are sponsored by the Board:-Surgery.-An intensive course of instruction in thebasic sciences suitable for candidates preparing forthe Primary Fellowship Examination in Surgery isheld from October to December. A modified formof the course is available for candidates preparingfor the D.A. or F.F.A. Examinations. Fee £30.A comprehensive 10-week course in surgery forcandidates preparing for the Final examinations ofthe Royal Colleges of Surgeons is held from Januaryto March. Fee £35.Medicine. An intensive course on Recent Advancesin Clinical Medicine suitable for candidates preparingfor the Fellowship qua Physician or MembershipExamination is held twice annually for a fortnightin March and September. Fee £15 15s.Child Health. A formal course held in May andNovember for those preparing for the D.C.H. andM.R.C.P. with Child Health as a special subject.Obstetrics. An intensive week's course of instructionin obstetrics for those preparing for the D.Obst.R.C.O.G., held annually in February and October.Fee £7 1Os.Mental Deficiency. An intensive course in MentalDeficiency is held for three weeks in October. Thecourse includes lectures and demonstrations in mentalhandicap and deficiency, instruction in mental testingand visits to institutions. Fee £18.Introduction to Psychiatry. An intensive course pro-viding a general introduction to psychiatry is held forthree weeks in November. The course includestheoretical and clinical instruction in child psychiatryand psychology, and adult psychiatry. It is particu-larly suitable for medical officers concerned withpublic health. Fee £18.Psychological Medicine. Part I: Basic Subjects.A part-time course of 12 hours' instruction weeklyfor one academic term (January to March). Thispart provides formal training for graduates whointend to specialize in psychiatry and who arepreparing for D.P.M. Part I. Fee £20. Part II:Neurology and Clinical Psychiatry. A full-timecourse of one week for psychiatrists who have passedD.P.M. Part I and are preparing for D.P.M., Part II.May. Fee £7 7s.Clinical Attachments. A scheme for clinical attach-ments in general medicine, general surgery and

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various specialties has been arranged to assist thoseworking for higher qualifications. An attachmentmay be started at any time. No formal instructionis given, but participants can gain intensive clinicalexperience by following the day-to-day work of aunit in a Glasgow teaching hospital. Fee £5 permonth. Registration fee £1 ls.Teaching Ward Rounds. Each academic term a courseof ten teaching ward rounds in Medicine is arranged.These occupy one afternoon a week. Fee £7 7s.G.P. Courses. Two Refresher Courses for generalpractitioners are held annually-for a fortnight inMay and a week in September.Two-week postgraduate residencies are availablecontinuously in maternity hospitals in the WesternRegion.Full-time Courses. The Board offers full-time post-graduate courses in Radiology (two years) and Radio-therapy (two years).The University offers full-time postgraduate coursesleading to the following diplomas:Diploma in Public Health (one year).Diploma in Clinical Psychology (two years).

Conferences. Specialist conferences on various topicsare held twice per year in the Hall of the RoyalCollege of Physicians and Surgeons. In these, invitedguests and local speakers discuss current topics andtime is provided for audience participation. Theseconferences are designed particularly for consultantsand registrars.Further information and application forms can beobtained from the Director of Postgraduate MedicalEducation, The University, Glasgow, W.2.

LIVERPOOLUniversity of LiverpoolPostgraduate CoursesMedicine. A part-time course for M.R.C.P. candi-dates is held in the Autumn and Lent Terms-twosessions per week, one clinical and one lectures.Course fee £6 6s. per term.Surgery. A full-time course of one year is open tocandidates who have already completed the Primaryexamination of one of the Royal Colleges of Surgeonsor undertaken postgraduate study in anatomy andphysiology. On completion of the course studentsbecome eligible to take the degree of Master ofSurgery (Ch.M.), provided they are graduates of anapproved university or otherwise comply with theregulations. The course begins in September. Coursefee £72.Orthopaedic Surgery. A full-time course of 12 monthsleading by examination to the degree of Master ofOrthopedic Surgery (M. Ch. Orth.) is open to allmedical graduates of approved universities andgraduates in other Faculties with qualifications inmedicine, who hold a Fellowship of one of theBritish Royal Colleges of Surgeons or its equivalent.The course normally begins in January. Course fee£120, or £110 if exempt from preliminary studies.Radiology. A full-time course of two academic yearsleading to a Diploma in Medical Radiology, D.M.R.(D) or D.M.R. (T), is open to medical graduates ofapproved universities and to candidates who holdapproved higher medical diplomas and a degree ina Faculty other than the Faculty of Medicine. Thecourse allows a candidate to hold suitable approvedhospital appointments during the second year and

covers the regulations of the Conjoint Board. Thecourse begins in October. Course fee £76.Public Health. A full-time one-year course leadingto the Diploma in Public Health (D.P.H.) is open tocandidates with a medical qualification from anapproved medical school or licensing body. A periodof not less than two years should elapse between thedate on which any practitioner is fully registeredand the date on which he becomes eligible to presenthimself for admission to the examination for theDiploma. All courses of instruction begin in October.Course fee £72.

Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. A full-time three-month course in the Liverpool School of TropicalMedicine leading to the Diploma in TropicalMedicine and Hygiene (D.T.M. & H.) is open tocandidates with a medical qualification from anapproved medical school or licensing body. Coursesbegin in September and January. Course fee £63.Anusthesia. A full-time course of postgraduate in-struction limited to 12 students begins in Octoberand lasts for one year. The course combines instruc-tion in the practical administration of anestheticswith lectures and demonstrations in anatomy, physio-logy, pathology, physics, pharmacology, medicineand surgery, and anesthesia. For the purpose ofgaining practical experience, the students are foundsuitable appointments in recognized general hospitalswithin the Liverpool area. Course fee £90.Psychological Medicine. A part-time course beginsin January and extends over two years. It is dividedinto two parts corresponding to the two parts of theexamination for the Diploma in PsychologicalMedicine awarded by the Examining Board inEngland (R.C.P., London, and R.C.S., England). Thecourse is also suitable for those intending to take thedegree of Doctor of Medicine by examination inPsychological Medicine, as provided for underOrdinance XLVII, Clause 3. Part I provides instruc-tion in (a) anatomy (macroscopic and microscopic)and physiology of the nervous system, and (b)psychology. Part II deals with (a) clinical neurologyand neuropathology, (b) psychological medicine,including general psychiatry, pyschoneuroses, mentalsocial psychiatry. Both parts of the course will beheld simultaneously. Students may join a course atthe beginning of any of the three University termsand enrol for either part separately, but, except inspecial circumstances, will not be permitted to takeboth parts concurrently. Applications to attend for aspecial subject in Part II of the course (e.g. mentaldeficiency) will be considered individually. Coursefee £84 or £15 per term.

Venereology. A three-month course in venereologydeficiency, child psychiatry, forensic psychiatry andleading to the V.D. Officer Certificate is conducted attimes to be arranged. The course is open to medicalpractitioners and the University empowers the issueof certificates to candidates who have satisfactorilyattended the course and passed the required examina-tion. The accommodation available will only permita limited number being accepted for the course. Fee18 guineas per course.Oto-rhino4larynology. A part-time two-year courseleading to examination for the M. Ch. Otol. degreeis open to candidates with a registrable qualificationand the Diploma in Laryngology and Otology

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(D.L.O.). The course begins in October. Course fee£60 per annum.Applications for further information should beaddressed to the appropriate department of theUniversity, Liverpool, 3.

MANCHESTERUniversity of ManchesterFaculty of Medicine. Courses are offered for thefollowing diplomas which are granted by the Univer-sity: Psychological Medicine, Public Health andBacteriology. The following courses are offered inpreparation for Diplomas of the Examining Boardin England: D.M.R.D. and D.M.R.T. (full-time),D.I.H. (part-time). Extended part-time courses inMedicine and Surgery are also available, togetherwith facilities for candidates preparing for the Pri-mary Fellowship Examinations.For general practitioners residential courses invarious specialties are being held during theUniversity vacations. Sunday morning extendedgeneral courses are also available, together with twoweek residential clinical attachments in obstetrics.Enquiries should be addresved to the Dean of Post-graduate Medical Studies, Dean's Office, ManchesterRoyal Infirmary, Manchester, 13.

NEWCASTLEThe Medical School, University ofNewcastle upon TynePublic Health. A part-time course is held for theD.P.H. The course occupies five terms, two-and-a-half days each week being occupied in whole-timestudy, leaving the remainder of the time free forremunerated employment. Several suitable part-timehospital posts in the area are available to candidatesattending the course. The course is held bienniallyand the next course is due to begin in January, 1965.Psychological Medicine. Courses for the D.P.M. areheld as follows: Part I, part-time course extendingover two terms and beginning October. Part II, part-time course extending over four terms also beginningin October. Part I and Part II may be taken together.Clinical Psychology. A two-year full-time course forthe D.C.P., open to persons with suitable graduatequalifications in Psychology, commences annually inOctober.For further information applications should be madeto the Assistant Registrar, Medical School, Universityof Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne.

OXFORDPostgraduate study and teaching is directed mainlyto research and the training of specialists andteachers, by individual attachment in one of thelaboratories or clinical departments in the teachinghospital group (United Oxford Hospitals, NuffieldOrthopaedic Centre, Wameford and LittlemoreHospitals).Postgraduate study for general practitioners is mainlyby attendance on the hospital practice and (duringterm) at clinical demonstrations and medical consilia.Programmes of ward round, out-patient clinics, etc.,from which we select, will be sent on request. Attach-

ment to a department or firm for more extended studyin a special subject can sometimes be arranged. Shortcourses in particular subjects are held from time totime and are announced.Enquiries should be add, essed to the Director ofPostgraduate Medical Studies, Osler House, 43Woodstock Road, Oxford.

SOUTHAMPTON GROUP OF HOSPITAL(Wessex Region)Postgraduate Medical Education* Centre. ClinicalMeeting, Ward Demonstrations, Symposia and otheractivities held regularly.Further details from: Dr. K. Robertson, ClinicalTutor, Postgraduate Medical Education Centre,Southampton General Hospital, Shirley, Southamp-ton.

BOURNEMOUTH AND EAST DORSETHOSPITAL MANAGEMENT COMMIlEEPostgraduate Federation: Lunch-time Clinical Meet-ings, Ward Rounds, Clinico-pathological Meetingsand Round Table Discussions are arranged regularly.Further information from the Clinical Tutor, Post-graduate Federation, Royal Victoria Hospital, ShelleyRoad, Boscombe, Hants.

THE BRITISH CLUB FOR SURGERY OFTHE HANDThe name of the SECOND HAND CLUB has beenchanged to the BRITISH CLUB for SURGERY ofthe HAND.The Club is holding an Open Meeting at tihe RoyalCollege of Surgeons, London, on Friday, October9th, 1964, at 2.0 p.m. Chairman: Mr. John Barron,F.R.C.S.(Ed.).The meeting will consist of an Instructional Courseon the Treatment of Injuries of the Hand.All Surgeons, Consultant or in Training, will bewelcome, and it is hoped that the Course will alsobe of interest to Industrial Medical Officers andGeneral Practitioners.Registration Fee, including Tea, will be 10/-.Anyone who would like to attend this meeting isasked to write to the Honorary Secretary of theBritish Club for Surgery of the Hand, H. GrahamStack, Westhay, Mount Avenue, Hutton, Essex.

FORTHCOMING EVENTSSixth International Congress of Psychotherapy,London, August 24 to 29, 1964.Austrian Society of Oto-Laryngology, annual meetingat Graz (Austria)-September 6 to 9, 1964. Mainsubject: "Recent Findings in Oto-Rhino-Larynology."Symposium on Biomechanics and related Bio-Engineering Topics to be held at the Royal Collegeof Science and Technology and the Royal Collegeof Physicians and Surgeons, Glasgow, Scotland from15th to 19th September, 1964.Further details from: The Secretary, Royal Collegeof Science and Technology, Glasgow.

446 July, 1964