posterior and anterior triangles of the neck - vcu som · posterior and anterior triangles of the...
TRANSCRIPT
1
M1 - Anatomy
Posterior and Anterior Triangles of the Neck
Jeff DupreeSanger [email protected]
2
Landmarks of the Neck
3
Landmarks of Cervical Triangles
4
Anterior Cervical Triangle
5
Anterior Cervical Triangle Boundaries
Sup: mandible
Ant: midline
Lat. Post: SCM
6
Anterior cervical triangleis divided into 4 smaller triangles
Muscular
Carotid
Submandibular
Submental
7
Muscular triangle boundaries
Lat/sup: sup bellyof omohyoid
Lat/inf: SCM
Med/ant: midline
8
9
Muscles in the muscular triangle are referred to asinfrahyoid orstrap muscles
Sup belly of omohyoidSternohyoid
ThyrohyoidSternothyroid
10
2 layers:#1 omohyoid
sternohyoid
#2 thyrohyoidsternothyroid
11
Innervation of Infrahyoid/Strap Muscles
Ansa cervicalisC1-C3
Exception:Thyrohyoidfibers directly from C1
12
Nerves of the Muscular Triangle
13
Sup: post belly digastric
Ant: sup belly omohyoid
Post: SCM
Carotid triangle boundaries
14
Contents:
Carotid sheathcommon carotidinternal jugularvagus nerve
Ansa cervicalis(embedded in sheath)
Hypoglossal nerve (XII)
Arteries:Branches of
ext. carotid
Carotid triangle
15
Contents of carotid sheath
Med: common carotid
Lat: internal jugular
Post: vagus (CN X)
Ansa cervicalisfrequently is embeddedwithin the sheath
16
Carotid Triangle
Carotid sinus-dilatation of internal carotid-innervated by CN IX-baroreceptor that reacts to changes in blood pressure
Carotid body-ovoid mass positioned in the bifurcation of the carotid-innervated by CN IX-chemoreceptor that monitors blood oxygen levels
17 18
Sup. ThyroidAscending pharyngealLingualFacialOccipital
NOT in Carotid TrianglePost. AuricularMaxillarySuperficial temporal
Branches of external carotid
19 20
Nerves of Carotid Triangle
21
Submandibular triangle boundaries
Sup: mandible
Post/inf: post. digastric
Ant/inf: ant. digastric
22
Arteries: facial
Nerve: TrigeminalHypoglossal
Muscles: MylohyoidStylohyoid
Gland: submandibular
Submandibular Triangle contents
23
Muscles of the Submandibular Triangle
Posterior belly of digastric CNVIIAnterior belly of digastric CN VMylohyoid CN VStylohyoid CN VII
Suprahyoid muscles-act to elevate the hyoid-if the hyoid bone is stabilized by
the infrahyoid m, can act toopen the mouth
**Geniohyoid C1 via CN XII24
25 26
27 28
29 30
Submandibular Gland Innervation
Parasympathetic Innervation (secretomotor)
Superior salivatory nucleus Nervus Intermedius (VII)
Chorda tympani (petrotympanic fissure) Lingual n. (V)
submandibular ganglion (post syn.) Submandibular Gland
31
Submental Triangle Boundaries
Sup: ant. bellies of digastrics
Inf: hyoid bone
32
Submental Triangle Contents
Muscle: mylohyoid
Venous supply:Small veins that
form ant. jugular
33
Summary of Anterior Cervical Triangle
Boundaries:Mandible, SCM, midline
Divided into 4 triangles:Muscular, carotid, submandibular, submental
Muscular: infrahyoid muscles innervated by ansa cervicalisEXCEPT thyrohyoid (C1)
Carotid: carotid sheath, ansa cervicalis, branches of ext. carotid,hypoglossal n.
Submandibular: submandibular gland, suprahyoid muscles
Submental: crosses midline
34
Landmarks of the Neck
35
Posterior Cervical Triangle
36
Posterior Cervical Triangle
Subdivided into 2 triangles:
Occipital Supraclavicular (Subclavian)
37
Occipital Triangle Boundaries
Ant: SCMInf: inf. belly omohyoidPos: trapezius
38
Occipital Triangle
39
Occipital Triangle
40
41
Boundaries of the Supraclavicular Triangle
Ant: SCMInf: clavicle Sup/Pos.: inf. belly
omohyoid
42
43
Summary of Posterior Cervical Triangle
2 triangles:occipitalsupraclavicular
Occipital:4 cutaneous nerveslesser occipital, great auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular