post war germany and japan. post-war germany germany and berlin are divided by the allies –...
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Post War Germany and
Japan
Post-War Germany• Germany and Berlin are divided by the Allies– France, Great Britain, United States, Soviet Union
• Nuremberg Trials (Allied Powers)• De-Nazification Trials (Germany)• Cold War tensions begin …– East and West Germany are created because of
disagreements over unification• East – Soviet controlled• West – European/American influence
Nuremberg Trials 1945-46-Rudolf HessDeputy Fürer until1941. Flew to England to try and negotiate peace – itfailed and wasarrested.-Life Imprisonment
-Karl DönitzIn charge of the German navy and became President of Germany after Hitler’ssuicide-10 Years in Prison
-Hermann GöringLeader of the GermanAir Force and originalleader of the secretpolice-Sentenced to deathbut committedsuicide before execution
-Albert SpeerHitler’s advisor andMinister of Armaments(loose connectionsto slave labor)-20 Years in Prison
Japanese Constitution
• Equality based on "race, creed, sex, social status, family origin, education, property or income"
• Prohibition of Peerage• Separation of Church and State• Article 9: the Japanese people forever
renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes
The Atomic Bomb
Atomic Warfare• Manhattan Project–Robert Oppenheimer
• First military uses• Hiroshima, August 6th 1945• Nagasaki, August 9th 1945
• Japan surrenders–August 12,1945 – Japan accepts surrender
terms
• First Use– United States – 1945– Soviet Union - 1949
• Baruch Plan– Establish an international agency to control atomic
energy• Atomic Energy Act– Atomic Energy Commission – oversees nuclear
weapon research and develops peacetime uses
Hydrogen Bomb (H-Bomb)
• First US test – 1952, Soviet Union soon after– 1,000 times more destructive than A-Bomb
• “The United States and Soviet Union are like two scorpions in a bottle, each capable of killing the other but only at the risk of his own life. The Atomic Clock ticks faster and faster.”– J. Robert Oppenheimer
Nuclear Anxiety• Religion–People turn to religion as the answer to the
end of the world–Church membership grows exponentially
• How to Survive?–Duck and Cover– Fallout shelter–Reality – we all lose in the end