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Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure Director [email protected]

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Page 1: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Portorož, Slovenia

Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices

•Gerardo Flintsch

•Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

•Director

[email protected]

Page 2: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Overview

Objective

Background

Experimental program

Results

Conclusions

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 3: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Acknowledgements

Oscar Gonzalez & Edgar de Leon  Center for Sustainable Transportation

Infrastructure, VTTI Kevin K. McGhee

Virginia Transportation Research Council Mark Swanlund

Federal Highway Administration

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 4: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Objective

Background

Experimental program

Results

Conclusions

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 5: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Different research efforts have studied procedures to harmonize friction measurements PIARC Experiment to Compare and

Harmonize Texture and Skid Resistance Measurements

NASA Wallops Friction Workshops Program

HERMES Experiment

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Motivation

Page 6: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

To compare friction and macrotexture measurement results and determine if the previously adopted models are valid for the devices considered.  Measurements taken at the Virginia Smart

Road in 2008 by the members of the Pavement Surface Properties Consortium.

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Objective

Page 7: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Objective

Background

Experimental program

Results

Conclusions

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 8: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Background: Pavement Surface Properties Consortium

Research program focused on enhancing the level of service provided by the roadway transportation system through optimized pavement surface texture characteristics.

Page 9: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

The Virginia Smart Road

Page 10: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

The Virginia Smart Road Layout

Section A

Starting Location

Section B

Section C

Section D

CRCP

Ending Location

Railroad Bridge

Cargill

EP5 CRCP

CRCP

CRCP

Cargill

EP 5

EP 5

Cargill

AsphaltSections

Asphalt Sections

Smart Road Cargill Application

0 ft. 60 ft. 100 ft. 200 ft.

Scale: 1" : 100'

CRCP CRCP

CRCP

100'-0"100'-0" 300'-0"

500'-0"

CRCP

CRCP

CRCP

Cargill

EP 5

EP 5

Cargill

AsphaltSections

Asphalt Sections

Smart Road Cargill Application

0 ft. 60 ft. 100 ft. 200 ft.

Scale: 1" : 100'

CRCP CRCP

CRCP

100'-0"100'-0" 300'-0"

500'-0"

SM 9.5 D SUPERPAVE

OGFC

SMA 9.5 D

Tined CRCP

JRCP

Ground JRCP

Cargill SafeLane™

VDOT EP5LV

Page 11: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Pavement Surface Properties Consortium

Current Projects

1. Annual Equipment Rodeo

2. Seasonal Monitoring

3. Evaluation of New Measurement technologies

4. Evaluation of new “High-friction” pavement technologies

5. Griptester loan program

6. Stereo Vision Texture Measuring

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 12: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Objective

Background

Experimental program

Results

Conclusions

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 13: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Experimental Program24 sections

12 x 2 directions3 Speeds5 repetitions @ each speed2008 Devices:

2 Locked-wheel trailers DFTester Griptester

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2 CTMeters 1 laser profiler w/

macrotexture Other …

Page 14: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Sample of Equipment Used

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 15: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Experimental Section Layout

Page 16: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Objective

Background

Experimental program

Results

Conclusions

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 17: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Results: Comparison Using Original Coefficients

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

y = 0.6727x + 0.0907R² = 0.6728

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

F60

DF

T

F60 GT

y = 0.8287x + 0.0189R² = 0.4757

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

F60

DF

T

F60 LWR1

y = 0.4972x + 0.1736R² = 0.349

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

F60

DF

T

F60 LWS1

y = 0.5991x + 0.091R² = 0.3707

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

F60

DF

T

F60 LWS2

Page 18: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Revised Coefficients

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

F60

DF

T

F60 LWS1

Original Revised

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

F60

DF

T

F60 LWS2

Original Revised

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

F60

DF

T

F60 LWR1

Original Revised

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

F60

DF

T

F60 GT

Original Revised

Page 19: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Adding Macrotexture

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

F60

DF

T

F60 LWS1

Original Revised w/Texture

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

F60

DF

T

F60 LWS2

Original Revised w/Texture

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

F60

DF

T

F60 GT

Original Revised w/Textue

Page 20: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Comparison of F60 IFI Coefficients

Friction Unit

Original Coefficients (1) Revised Coefficients

A B C R2 A B C R2

LWS1 0.0446 0.925 - 0.3450.1958 0.4599 - 0.349

0.2030 0.2596 0.0862 0.796

LWS2 0.0446 0.925 - 0.3710.1177 0.5542 - 0.371

0.1401 0.3485 0.0861 0.831

GT 0.0821 0.9104 - 0.6230.1459 0.6125 - 0.623

0.2073 0.3302 0.0608 0.785

LWR1 -0.0228 0.6068 0.0976 0.7831 0.1283 0.2494 0.1188 0.7831

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 21: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

“Experimental” Sp

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

y = 91.0e-0.0147x

R² = 0.928

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

SN

Speed (mph)

y = 0.87e-0.0034x

R² = 0.8554

0.40

0.45

0.50

0.55

0.60

0.65

0.70

0.75

0.80

0.85

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

DF

T

km/hr

Page 22: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Speed Constant

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

y = 47.056x + 25.009R² = 0.3848

y = 70.677x0.7668

R² = 0.5609

0

50

100

150

200

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Sp

LW

S2

MPD

y = 121.64x + 258.7R² = 0.2611

y = 377.74x0.3002

R² = 0.2247

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Sp

DF

T

MPD

y = 47.998x - 2.9532R² = 0.3342

y = 39.434x1.1676

R² = 0.43120

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Sp

GT

MPD

y = -18.286x + 159.89R² = 0.0492

y = 135.7x-0.211

R² = 0.0823

0

50

100

150

200

250

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Sp

LW

R1

MPD

y = 56.357x0.4688

R² = 0.3156

y = 19.973x + 37.147R² = 0.2096

0

50

100

150

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0S

p L

WS

1MPD

Page 23: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Comparison of Sp Models

DevicesLineal Power

a b R2 a b R2

DFT Sp 122 259 0.2611 378 0.300 0.2247

LWR1 Sp 18.3 160 0.0492 136 -0.211 0.0823

LWS1 Sp 20.0 37.1 0.2096 56.4 0.469 0.3156

LWS2 Sp 47.1 25.0 0.3848 70.7 0.767 0.5609

GT 48.0 -2.95 0.3342 39.4 1.168 0.4312

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Table 4 -

Page 24: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Objective

Background

Experimental program

Results

Conclusions

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 25: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

ConclusionsThe original PIARC coefficients did not

produce harmonious results for the devices and surfaces tested

the original coefficients determined during the PIARC experiment may need to be adjusted for the devices evaluated before the IFI can be implemented in the participating agencies

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 26: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Conclusions (cont.)

The results also suggest that that there is a better correlation of the speed gradient, Sp, with macrotexture using a power model than with the linear model used on the original IFI equationsParticularly for the measurements

using smooth tires

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure

Page 27: Portorož, Slovenia Evaluation of the International Friction Index Coefficients for Various Devices Gerardo FlintschGerardo Flintsch Center for Sustainable

Conclusions (cont.)

Preliminary revised coefficients for the participating devices are provided based on the results on the sections tested.

However, it is recommended that these values are verified on other surfaces before implementation.

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure