POPULATIONS

Mr. V. M. Galdo

BOOKER T. WASHINGTON S.H.S.

It could be a population of plants too!

1. Read and Predict – Read the title, subtitles, and figures of the Biology book, chapter 5, pages 118 – 123

2. In your notes, write down a hypothesis, an educated guess, of what is the section about.

What is a population?• A group of individuals of the same

species that live in the same area.

• For example, the alligators that live in the everglades, the mangrove trees that live in South Florida, etc.

How do populations grow?

Inquiry Activity

Read and complete the activity

on page 118 of the Biology book.

POPULATION OF RABITTS OFFSPRINGS

6 18 54

162

486

0100200300400500600

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

TIME (YEARS)

# OF

FSPR

INGS

RABITTS OFFSPRING PER YEAR

How Populations GrowCharacteristics & Types of Growth

• Key Words and Concepts: geographic distribution, density, growth rate, population size, birth rate, death rate, immigration, emigration, exponential growth, logistic growth, limited and unlimited resource/s, carrying capacity

DEFINITIONSGeographic Distribution – area inhabited

by a population (Range).

Density - # of individuals of a population per unit of area, i.e., km2, mile2, cm2, etc.

Growth Rate – speed with which a population changes its size, it might increase (+ rate) or decrease (- rate).

Population Size – it describes how many individuals there are in a population.

DEFINITIONSBirth Rate - # of births in a period of time,

usually stated in # of births in time per thousand.

Death Rate - # of individuals dying in a period of time, usually stated in # of deaths in time per thousand.

Immigration - # of individuals moving into an area.

Emigration - # of individuals moving away from an area.

DEFINITIONSExponential Growth – Growth of a population

that increases by a fixed percentage of the whole in a given time. When plotted it looks like the letter J.

Logistic Growth – occurs when a population’s growth slows or stops. When plotted it looks like the letter s.

Limited Resource/s – Resources that can not be replenished or it takes a long time for them to be replenished again, i.e., oil, minerals, etc.

Unlimited Resource/s - Resources that can be

replenished in a fairly short time, i.e., trees, vegetables, animal meat, etc.

DEFINITIONS

Carrying Capacity – it is the maximum number of individuals that a given environment can support over a long period of time.

QUESTIONS & SUMMARYQUESTIONS & SUMMARY

Write the 13 key words and concepts Write the 13 key words and concepts on the questions column (already on the questions column (already done during class).done during class).

Write your summary.Write your summary.

OUTPUTOUTPUTUsing all the Key Words and Concepts from Using all the Key Words and Concepts from the section How Populations Grow build a 6 the section How Populations Grow build a 6 pairs MATCH GAME. For example:pairs MATCH GAME. For example:

1.1. PopulationPopulation

2. Biotic2. Biotic

3. Benthic 3. Benthic

A. Living part of an A. Living part of an ecosystem. ecosystem.

B. Live in the bottom B. Live in the bottom of the ocean.of the ocean.

C. C. A group of A group of individuals of the individuals of the same species same species that live in the that live in the same area.same area.

Population Growth cartoon 1 - catalog reference aal0043

                                                                                                   

DO YOU SEE A DIFFERENCE?

• EXPLAIN.

• HOW COULD THIS HAPPEN?

Limits to Growth

• Using the headings of section 5-2 Limits to Growth, build a network tree concept map.

Limits to Growth – Limiting FactorsDensity-Dependent

Factors1. Depends on population

size or density (#organisms/area)

2. Affects mostly large, dense populations.

3. Examples: a. Competition (might lead to evolution)b. predation (predator- prey relationship)c. parasitism & disease

Density-Independent Factors

1. Affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of population size.

2. Due to either natural causes or human causes.

3. Examples:a. Unusual weatherb. Natural disastersc. Seasonal cyclesd. Human activities

Predator-Prey Relationship (Fig. 5-7, p.126)

• http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/Abhil-36239-Isle-Royale-Simulation-Predator-Prey-Using-Field-Data-Michigan-as-Entertainment-ppt-powerpoint/

QUESTIONS & SUMMARYQUESTIONS & SUMMARY

Using the High School Question Task Using the High School Question Task Cards write at least 8 questions Cards write at least 8 questions about today’s notesabout today’s notes

Write your summary.Write your summary.

OUTPUTOUTPUT

Build a Crossword Puzzle using Build a Crossword Puzzle using key words and concepts about key words and concepts about limits to growth. The crossword limits to growth. The crossword puzzle must have at least 12 puzzle must have at least 12 words or concepts on it.words or concepts on it.

JUST DO IT NOWJUST DO IT NOW

Read Read Does the Grey Wolf Does the Grey Wolf Population Need Protection?Population Need Protection?, , book page 128. book page 128.

What is your point of view? What is your point of view? Support your answer with 3 Support your answer with 3 facts.facts.

Human Population Growth

Historical Overview• Human population tends to increase with time.• Growth at the beginning was slow due to harsh living

conditions. Now it is exponential (J shape).• About 500 years ago it began growing more rapidly

thanks to the Scientific and Industrial revolutions.• More food and improved shipping capacities, better

sanitation and medicine people lives longer, high birthrates are maintained.

Patterns of Human Population Growth

• The human population can not keep growing exponentially forever because Earth and its resources are limited.

• Demography – the scientific study of human populations.

• Birthrates, death rates, and the age structure of a population help predict why some countries have high growth rates while other countries grow more slowly.

Demographic Transition (figure 5-12)

• It is a dramatic change in birth and death rates.

• It has 3 phases:

Phase 1 – both birth and death rate are high.

Phase 2 – Death rate decreases fast, high birth rate is maintained.

Phase 3 – Birth rate decreases fast until catching or surpassing the

death rate.

• Developing countries are on stages 1 and 2, developed countries are on stage 3.

• US is on stage 3.

QUESTIONS & SUMMARYQUESTIONS & SUMMARY

Using the High School Question Task Using the High School Question Task Cards write at least 5 questions Cards write at least 5 questions about today’s notesabout today’s notes

Write your summary.Write your summary.

OUTPUTOUTPUT

Build a Crossword Puzzle using Build a Crossword Puzzle using key words and concepts from key words and concepts from Limits to GrowthLimits to Growth and and Human Human Population GrowthPopulation Growth. The . The crossword puzzle must have at crossword puzzle must have at least 12 words or concepts on it.least 12 words or concepts on it.

AGE STRUCTURE DIAGRAMS

• Used by demographers to predict future population growths.

• They show the gender and age groups of a country.

• Each bar represents individuals within a 5-year group.

• Percentages, thousands or millions of males are to the left of the center line and females to the right in each group.

Human Population HistogramsThere are three basic shapes:1 – Pyramid: very fast growth; example underdeveloped nations.2 – Box Like: slow growth; example developed and developing

countries.3 – Inverted Pyramid: no growth or negative growth; example

developed countries.

                                                                                                          

Editorial cartoon May 1998

QUESTIONSQUESTIONS & SUMMARY & SUMMARY

Using the High School Question Task Using the High School Question Task Cards write at least 5 questions Cards write at least 5 questions about today’s notesabout today’s notes

Write your summary.Write your summary.

OUTPUTOUTPUT

Build a histogram using the data Build a histogram using the data provided by the teacher, and answer provided by the teacher, and answer the following questions:the following questions:

1.1. Which is the biggest age group in Which is the biggest age group in the histogram?the histogram?

2.2. What gender and age is the biggest?What gender and age is the biggest?

3.3. What type of country is represented What type of country is represented by the histogram?by the histogram?

Explain your answer.Explain your answer.

Humans in the BiosphereHumans in the Biosphere

A Changing LandscapeA Changing Landscape• Earth is the island on which we live.Earth is the island on which we live.• Human Activities:Human Activities:

Human ActivitiesHuman Activities

Hunting &Gathering

AgricultureIndustrial Growth &Urban Development

Traditional to Modern

(monoculture)

GreenRevolution

Challenges:1)Pesticides 2)Water Supply

Renewable & Nonrenewable Renewable & Nonrenewable ResourcesResourcesRENEWABLERENEWABLE

1. 1. They can regenerate They can regenerate if they are alive or if they are alive or can be replenished can be replenished by biochemical cycles by biochemical cycles if they are nonliving.if they are nonliving.

2. They are not 2. They are not necessarily necessarily unlimited.unlimited.

3. Examples:3. Examples:Living – trees, cows, Living – trees, cows, etc.etc.Nonliving – waterNonliving – water

4. Depends on the 4. Depends on the context being used, context being used, i.e., one tree is i.e., one tree is renewable, a forest renewable, a forest with its inhabitants is with its inhabitants is not.not.

NONRENEWABLENONRENEWABLE1.1. They can not be They can not be

replenished by replenished by natural processes.natural processes.

2.2. When depleted When depleted they are gone they are gone forever.forever.

3.3. Examples:Examples:Oil, minerals, Oil, minerals, precious metals, precious metals, etc.etc.

4. 4. Depends on the Depends on the context being context being used, i.e., one tree used, i.e., one tree is renewable, a is renewable, a forest with its forest with its inhabitants is not.inhabitants is not.

Renewable & Nonrenewable Renewable & Nonrenewable Resources (Book pages 144 – Resources (Book pages 144 –

149)149)Sustainable Development: Sustainable Development:

Managing the resources so that Managing the resources so that they don’t go extinct and no harm they don’t go extinct and no harm is cause to the environment.is cause to the environment.

QUESTIONSQUESTIONS & SUMMARY & SUMMARY

Using the High School Question Task Using the High School Question Task Cards write at least 5 questions Cards write at least 5 questions about today’s notesabout today’s notes

Write your summary.Write your summary.

OUTPUTOUTPUT

Copy and answer questions 1 – 5 Copy and answer questions 1 – 5 on page 143, (6-1 Section on page 143, (6-1 Section Assessment.)Assessment.)

Copy and answer questions 1 - 5 Copy and answer questions 1 - 5 on page 149 (6-2 Section on page 149 (6-2 Section Assessment). Assessment).

OUTPUTOUTPUT

Write a letter to a friend on Write a letter to a friend on which you explain the which you explain the differences between renewable differences between renewable and non-renewable resources. and non-renewable resources. Give two examples of each. Give two examples of each.