political institutions in indonesia
DESCRIPTION
Linkage Master Program Double Degree FIA-Universitas Brawijaya and Japanese Universities 2006TRANSCRIPT
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS IN INDONESIA
Linkage Master ProgramDouble Degree FIA-Universitas Brawijaya and Japanese
Universities
Lecturer : Prof. Dr. Ir. Ginandjar [email protected]
Assistant Professor : Dr.Ir. Deddy S. Bratakusumah, BE, MURP, [email protected]
www.ginandjar.com
The Evolving Political SystemThe Evolving Political SystemThe Evolving Political SystemThe Evolving Political SystemSystem of Unitarian/ Federal/ Unitarian/ Unitarian/ Unitarian/ Unitarian/ Unitarian/System of Government
Unitarian/Presidential
Federal/ Parliamentary
Unitarian/ Parliamentary
Unitarian/ Presidential
Unitarian/ Presidential
Unitarian/ Presidential
Unitarian/ Presidential
Constitution 1945 Federal Provisional 1945 1945 1945 1945 (amended)
P i d 1945 1949 1959 1966 1998 2004 2004 NPeriod 1945-1949 1950 1950-1959 1959-1966 1966-1998 1998-2004 2004-Now
Political Situation • The system of govern-ment was
li t
• Functioning parliamentary democracy (1955 l
• Guided Democracy
• Campaign to
• New Order• Stability• Economic • Reforms • Democra
Democratization
parliamentary
• War for Indepen-dence
• Rebellion:
(1955 general election)
• Political Instability
• Rebellion: Regional
win back Irian Jaya
• Confrontation with Malaysia and its alliesD t i
progress• Restrained
democracy• Concentrati
on of power
movement• Demo-
cratic transition
• Democratically elected govern-ment
• Demo-• Rebellion: Communist (1948), Islamic Extremism
Regional, Islamic Extremism
• Deteriora-tering economy
• Coup attempt 1965
• Dominant role of military in politics and governance
cratic conso-lidation
www.ginandjar.com 2
Political Institutions: 1945 ConstitutionPolitical Institutions: 1945 ConstitutionPolitical Institutions: 1945 ConstitutionPolitical Institutions: 1945 Constitution
Consultative Assembly (MPR)
People’s
y ( )
SupremeSupremeAdvisory BoardAdvisory Board
(DPA)(DPA)Supreme Court Supreme Court
(MA)(MA)PresidentPresident
(DPA)(DPA)
House ofHouse of
( )( )
S A diS A di RepresentativesRepresentatives(DPR)(DPR)
Supreme Audit Supreme Audit Board (BPK)Board (BPK)
www.ginandjar.com 3
Political Institutions: 1959Political Institutions: 1959 19661966Political Institutions: 1959Political Institutions: 1959--19661966
PresidentPresident
SupremeSupremeAdvisory BoardAdvisory Board
(DPA)(DPA)Supreme Court Supreme Court
(MA)(MA)MPRMPR
(DPA)(DPA)
House ofHouse of
( )( )
S A diS A di RepresentativesRepresentatives(DPR)(DPR)
Supreme Audit Supreme Audit Board (BPK)Board (BPK)
www.ginandjar.com 4
9)9)66--
199
199
The People
P l C lt ti A bl (MPR)
1966
1966
People Consultative Assembly (MPR)
ons
(on
s ( President House of Representatives
(DPR)
stitu
tiost
itutio Cabinet
Provincial House of
al In
sal
Ins Governor Representatives (DPRD I)
District House of
oliti
caol
itica District House of
Representatives (DPRD II)District Chief (Bupati)
www.ginandjar.com 5
PP
9)9)People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR)
2 x DPR Members (920)1/3 Appointed
--199
919
99 House of Representatives (DPR)360 Elective Members
100 Appointed
Additional Members
F i l G ABRI d N
1966
1966
--
Golongan Karya
Political Parties
RegionalRepresentatives4 - 7 x Provinces
Governors included
Functional Group ABRI and Non ABRI
Representatives
ons
(1on
s (1 Non ABRI ABRI
DPRD I 40 d 75
DPRD II
titut
iotit
utio 40 s.d 7520% Appointed
GolonganGolongan
20 s.d 4020% Appointed
al In
stal
Inst Golongan
Politikg
Karya
ABRI NonABRI
Golongan PolitikGolongan Karya
ABRI Non
oliti
caol
itica
ABRIABRI
General Election
www.ginandjar.com 6
Source: Law No. 19/1969
Po
Po
The People
Political Institutions: 1999Political Institutions: 1999 20042004Political Institutions: 1999Political Institutions: 1999--20042004
Consultative Assembly (MPR)
People’s
y ( )
SupremeSupremeAdvisory BoardAdvisory Board
(DPA)(DPA)Supreme Court Supreme Court
(MA)(MA)PresidentPresident
(DPA)(DPA)
House ofHouse of
( )( )
S A diS A di RepresentativesRepresentatives(DPR)(DPR)
Supreme Audit Supreme Audit Board (BPK)Board (BPK)
www.ginandjar.com 7
4)4)MPR 700
--200
420
04Local Representatives
5 x 27 membersDPR 500
Functional Group65
1999
1999 ABRI
38Parpol
462
Functional Associations
DPRD I45 s.d 100
ons
(1on
s (1
ABRI10%
Parpol90%
stitu
tiost
itutio DPRD II
20 s.d 45
al In
sal
Ins
ABRI10%
Parpol90%
oliti
caol
itica General Election
Th P lwww.ginandjar.com 8
Source: Law No. 4/1999
Po
Po The People
Political Institutions (2004Political Institutions (2004--Now)Now)Political Institutions (2004Political Institutions (2004 Now)Now)
P l ’P l ’
House ofHouse of RegionalRegional
Consultative Assembly (MPR)Consultative Assembly (MPR)
People’sPeople’s
RepresentativesRepresentatives(DPR)(DPR)
ggRepresentatives Representatives Council (DPD)Council (DPD)
The PeopleThe People
PresidentPresidentGeneral ElectionGeneral Election
www.ginandjar.com 9
Political Institutions (2004Political Institutions (2004--Now)Now)
MPRDPR550
DPD4 x Number of
Provinces
SUPREME AUDIT BOARD (BPK)
PRESIDENTSUPREME
COURT (MA)
CONSTI-TUTIONAL
COURT (MK)
DPRD Province35 s.d 100
DPRD Kab/Kota20 s.d 45
Political PartiesPolitical Parties
General Election
The People
www.ginandjar.com 10Source: Law No. 22/2003
The People
Local Government Political Institutions Before 2004Before 2004
President
DPRD I45 - 100
Governor
DPRD II20 - 45ABRI
10%Political Parties
90%
Bupati/Walikota
ABRI10%
Political Parties90%
10% 90%
General Election
Village
The People
11Sources: Law No. 4/1999 on Arrangement and Position of MPR, DPR, and DPRD
Law No. 22/1999 on Local Government
Local Government Political Institutions After 2004After 2004
President
DPRD Province GovernorDPRD Province35 - 100
DPRD Kabupaten/Kota
20 45
Governor
Bupati/Walikota
20 - 45Political Parties
Political Parties Village
General Election
The People
Sources: Law No. 22/2003 on Arrangement and Position of MPR, DPR, DPD and DPRDLaw No 32/2004 on Local Government
www.ginandjar.com 12
Law No. 32/2004 on Local Government