political history of the philippines
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Philippine Administrative SystemTRANSCRIPT
GAUDENCIO “YARI” N. ANDAYA JR. BSN, MPA
DPA 102 Philippine Administrative System 2nd Semester 2011-2012Professor : Jo B. Bitonio, DPA Lyceum Northwestern UniversityDagupan City
POLITICAL HISTORY of the PHILIPPINES
Prehistoric PhilippinesDatus, Rajahs and SultansSpanish colonyCrown Colony
Philippine Revolution
La Liga FilipinaJose RizalMarcelo H. del PilarGraciano López JaenaMariano PonceLa Solidaridad
KatipunanAndres BonifacioGregorio del PilarMelchora Aquino
Spanish-American War
First Philippine Republic
Emilio AguinaldoApolinario Mabini
Pedro PaternoMariano Trias
Philippine-American War
American territoryUS Military Governor: Arthur MacArthur, Jr.
Commonwealth of the Philippines
Quezon, Manuel L.
Republic of the Philippines
Third Republic of the Philippines
Manuel RoxasElpidio Quirino
Ramon MagsaysayCarlos P. Garcia
Diosdado Macapagal
Martial Law Era
Ferdinand MarcosBenigno Aquino, Jr.EDSA Revolution
Fifth Republic of the PhilippinesCorazon AquinoFidel RamosJoseph EstradaEDSA IIGloria Macapagal-ArroyoBenigno Aquino III
Philippine System of Government and Politics
From the time when the Philippines declared itself a sovereign state in 1898, the nation has had four major constitutions:
(1) the 1899constitution, which established the first republic in Asia;
(2) the 1935constitution, which served as the basic law during the period of self-government while the Philippines was still under American rule and after it became independent in 1946;
(3) the 1973 constitution, which allowed Ferdinand Marcos to continue to hold office as president; and
(4) the 1987 constitution, upon which the present government is based, which essentially restored institutions and processes dismantled by Marcos during his regime
The Executive Branch As chief executive, the president has the power to
execute laws. The president is assisted by a cabinet, which
currently comprises twenty-three departments. Among the more important departments
are Foreign Affairs, National Defense, Finance, Interior and Local Government, Justice, and Trade and Industry.
Both president and vice president are elected at large for a six-year term with no possibility of reelection.
The executive branch consists of the President and his Cabinet. The Senate and the House of Representatives make up the bicameral legislature. The Supreme Court heads the systems of courts under the judicial branch.
The Legislative Branch The Philippine Congress is a bicameral body, the upper
house being the Senate and the lower house being the House of Representatives.
These two houses possess equal power, although budgetary bills must originate in the lower house, while treaty ratification rests exclusively with the upper house.
Congress consists of a 24-member Senate and a 250-member House of Representatives. The voters of the entire nation elect senators to six-year terms.
Voters from different districts elect 200 of the representatives to three-year terms. The remaining 50 representatives are selected from lists drawn up by the political parties to ensure representation of women, ethnic minorities, and certain economic and occupational groups.
The number selected from each party's list is about one-fourth of the number of the party's elected representatives. All Philippine citizens who are at least 18 years old may vote.
The Judiciary Judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court and in the lower courts.
Members of the judiciary are chosen by the president from a list of nominees provided by the Judicial and Bar Council, a constitutional body composed of representatives from the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government, the legal profession, and the private sector.
Once appointed, judges have secure tenure and can serve until the age of seventy or until they become incapacitated.
Constitutional Commissions
The constitution also provides for independent constitutional commissions, namely, the Civil Service Commission, the Commission on Elections, and the Commission on Audit.
Local Governments The lowest political unit in the Philippines is the barangay (village).
The barangay is administered by a council headed by a punong barangay (chairperson).
Several barangays make up a city or municipality.
Administrative subdivisionsThe Philippines is divided into a hierarchy of local government units (LGUs) with the province as the primary unit. As of 2007, there are 81 provinces in the country.
International organization participationThe Philippines is a founding and active member of the UN since its inception on October 24, 1945 and is a founding member of the ASEAN.
Islam Influence on the Political System
Islam has a great influence on the political system of the natives in the Southern Philippines. The sultan of the Muslim community is still the sultan of Muslim provinces.
The Philippine Administrative System
The administrative system of the Republic of the Philippines is comprised of a central government and its territorial and political subdivisions, which enjoy local autonomy: the provinces, cities, municipalities and barangays
Politics of the Philippines
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