Poetic DevicesThe Sounds of Poetry

Get our your Chains Figurative Language Notes if you still have them. If not, you will write all of these notes. Everyone will need to add some items.

Term: Onomatopoeia

Definition: When a word’s pronunciation imitates its sound.

Examples: Buzz Fizz Woof Hiss Clink Boom Beep

“Boom Boom Pow” by the Black Eyed Peas I'm so 3008

You so 2000 and lateI got that boom, boom, boom

That future boom, boom, boomLet me get it now

Boom boom boom, gotta get-getBoom boom boom, gotta get-getBoom boom boom, gotta get-getBoom boom boom, gotta get-get

Boom boom boom, nowBoom boom boom, now

Boom boom powBoom boom pow

I'm on the supersonic boomY'all hear the spaceship zoom

When, when I step inside the room

Term: RepetitionDefinition: Repeating a word or words for effect.

Examples:NobodyNo, nobodyCan make it out here alone.Alone, all aloneNobody, but nobodyCan make it out here alone.

“Black Water” by the Doobie BrothersOld black water, keep on rollin'

Mississippi moon, won't you keep on shinin' on meOld black water, keep on rollin'

Mississippi moon, won't you keep on shinin' on meOld black water, keep on rollin'

Mississippi moon, won't you keep on shinin' on meYeah, keep on shinin' your light

Gonna make everything, pretty mamaGonna make everything all right

And I ain't got no worries'Cause I ain't in no hurry at all

Term: RhythmDefinition: When words are arranged in such a way that they make a pattern or beat.

Examples:There once was a girl from ChicagoI’m making a pizza the size of the sun.

“’Twas the Night Before Christmas”'Twas the night before Christmas, when all through the houseNot a creature was stirring, not even a mouse;The stockings were hung by the chimney with care,In hopes that St. Nicholas soon would be there;The children were nestled all snug in their beds;While visions of sugar-plums danced in their heads;And mamma in her 'kerchief, and I in my cap,Had just settled our brains for a long winter's nap,When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,I sprang from my bed to see what was the matter.

Term: RhymeDefinition: When words have the same end sound.Example: Where Fair Air Bear Glare

Term: Internal RhymeDefinition: a rhyme involving a word in the middle of a line and another at the end of the line or in the middle of the next.

Example: “The Raven” by Edgar Allan PoeOnce upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary,Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore,While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.`'Tis some visitor,' I muttered, `tapping at my chamber door -Only this, and nothing more.'

Term: Literal Language MeaningTerm: End Rhyme

Definition: rhyme of the terminal (last) syllables of lines of poetryExample: “Vincent” Tim Burtonhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxQcBKUPm8o&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

Term: Rhyme SchemeDefinition: the ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse. Starting with the letter A and continuing through the alphabet, each end sound is assigned a new letter.

Example:Amazing Grace! How sweet that sound (a)I once was lost as I could be (b)I was blind, but now I see (b)My life has gone from lost to found (a)

Term: AlitterationDefinition: the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.

Example: Peter Piper picked a pickled pepper.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U97lbv0_A2I

Term: ConsonanceDefinition: When consonant sounds repeat in the middle or end of words.Vowels: a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y.Consonants: all other letters.

Examples:

Mammals named Tim are clammy.

I believe it would behoove Steve to leave.

Term: Assonance

Definition: When vowel sounds repeat in a line of poetry

Example:

Fleet feet sweep by sleeping geese.

And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the sideOf my darling- my darling- my life and my bride,

Practice QuizI’ll put some lines of poetry on the board.Write down which techniques are used:

Alliteration, consonance, rhythm, rhyme, and onomatopoeia.

Some poems use more than one technique.

1. The cuckoo in our cuckoo clock was wedded to an octopus.She laid a single wooden eggand hatched a cuckoocloctopus.

Alliteration, consonance, rhythm, rhyme, and onomatopoeia.

2. They are building a househalf a block downand I sit up herewith the shades downlistening to the sounds,the hammers pounding in nails,thack thack thack thack,and then I hear birds,and thack thack thack,Alliteration, consonance, rhythm, rhyme,

and onomatopoeia.

3. very little love is not so bador very little lifewhat countsis waiting on wallsI was born for thisI was born to hustle roses down the avenues of the dead.Alliteration, consonance, rhythm, rhyme,

and onomatopoeia.

4.The whiskey on your breathCould make a small boy dizzy;But I hung on like death:Such waltzing was not easy.

Alliteration, consonance, rhythm, rhyme, and onomatopoeia.

5.Homework! Oh, homework!I hate you! You stink!I wish I could wash youaway in the sink.

Alliteration, consonance, rhythm, rhyme, and onomatopoeia.

Figurative LanguageThe Creative Use of Words

Term: Literal Language Meaning

Definition: the meaning of words in their usual sense without metaphor

Example: I’m freezing to death (literally.)

Term: Figurative Language Meaning

Definition: the meaning of words and phrases that have exaggerated or altered the usual meanings of the component words

Example: I’m freezing to death (figuratively).

Term: Connotative Meaning

Definition: a commonly understood cultural of emotional association that a word of phrase carries

Example: Snake (Greedy, Evil, Vicious)

Term: Analogy

Definition: an extended comparison using multiple examples and situations

It feels like we've been out at sea, oh,So back and forth that's how it seems,And when I wanna talk you say to me

That if it's meant to be it will be.

Whoa-oh-oh

So crazy is this thing we call love,And now that we've got it, we just can't give up

I'm reaching out for you,Get me out here in the water and I...

I'm overboardAnd I need your love to pull me up

I can't swim on my ownIt's too much

Feels like I'm drowning without your love,So throw yourself out to me, my lifesaver.

Life saver, oh life saverMy life saver

Life saver, oh life saverWhoa.

“Overboard” by Justin Bieber

Term: Simile

Definition: A comparison of two seemingly unlike things with like, as, or than; used to make a description more vivid

Examples:Her eyes were like fireflies.The cast on Michael’s broken leg was like a plaster shackle.

“The truth comes out a little at a timeAnd it spreads just like a fire

Slips off of your tongue like turpentine.”

from “White Liar” by Miranda Lambert

Term: MetaphorDefinition: a figure of speech that uses one thing to mean another and makes a direct comparison between the two.

Examples: She hung her head: a dying flower.Arguing with her was dueling with hand grenades.

“You are the thunder and I am the lightning.”

from “Naturally” by Selena Gomez

Term: Hyperbole

Definition: a highly exaggerated figure of speech (to wait forever and a day)

Examples:Old Mr. Johnson has been teaching here since the Stone Age.Frank can knock a baseball off the continent.

“When you come around, I get paralyzed.”

“If I ever did that, I think I’d have a heart attack.”

-- from “Heart Attack” by Demi Lovato

Term: Personification

Definition: giving human abilities or traits to non-human thingsExamples:The moon turned over to face the day.One unhappy icicle wasted away in the day.

“You start to freeze as horror looks you right between the eyes.”

from “Thriller” by Michael Jackson

Term: Idiom

Definition: an expression, word, or phrase that has a figurative meaning and/or connotative meaning that cannot be determined

from the actual phrase or words

“Now it's happened once or twiceSomeone couldn't pay the price

And I'm afraid I had to rake 'em 'cross the coals.”

“Flotsam, Jetsam, now I’ve got her, boys. The boss is on a roll!”

-- “Poor Unfortunate Souls” from The Little Mermaid

Term: Dialect

Definition: the language of a particular district, social class, or group of persons; used in literature as a tool of revealing

character, class, or district.

“Baby, you a songYou make me wanna roll my windows down and cruise

Down a back road blowin’ stop signs through the middleEvery little farm town with you.”

“I got my window down”

--from “Cruise” by Florida Georgia Line feat. Nelly

Term: Imagery

Definition: language that appeals to sight, smell, taste, sound, or touch

“I am the one hiding under your bedTeeth ground sharp and eyes glowing red

…..

I am the one hiding under yours stairsFingers like snakes and spiders in my hair.”

-- “ This is Halloween” from The Nightmare Before Christmas

Term: Symbolism

Definition: frequent use of words, places, colors, characters, or objects that mean something beyond what they are on a literal level; a working/physical metaphor

Term: Allusion

Definition: an implied or direct reference to something well-known in literature or history

“One day you here, one day you there, one day you careYou're so unfair sipping from the cup

till it runneth over, Holy Grail.”

--from “Holy Grail” by Jay Z feat. Justin Timberlake

UnderstatementExpressing an idea with significantly

less force than is expected or would be required to accurately describe an idea

ExamplesLet’s just say that Bill Gates has got a few

nickles to rub together.Learning to juggle flaming chainsaws might

be a little tricky at first.The middle of the street isn’t the best place

for your child to play.

Practice Quiz1. Justice is blind and, at times, deaf.2. The typical teenage boy’s room is a

disaster area.3. Alan’s jokes were like flat soda to the

children, surprisingly unpleasant.4. The cactus saluted any visitor brave

enough to travel the scorched land.5. The job fair was a circus and John was a

dancing bear.Hyperbole, personification, understatement, simile, metaphor

Practice Quiz6. "I have to have this operation. It isn't

very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain.“

7. The business world would chew you up and spit you out.8. I have told you a million times not to lie!9. Her hair was as soft as a spider web.10. That joke is so old, the last time I heard

it I was riding on a dinosaur. Hyperbole, personification, understatement, simile, metaphor

More Video Links

Hyperbole: http://vimeo.com/mrwaskoSimiles and Metaphors:http://

vimeo.com/16747575More: http://vimeo.com/31053712

Alliteration: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U97lbv0_A2I