plegable biologia olecular
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Lab-Grown, Virus-Free Stem Cells Repair Retinal Tissue in Mice
Manuela Muñoz GómezPontifical Bolivarian University
III SemesterMolecular Biology
The Shape of Infectious Prions
and
•DNA is located in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and the protein synthesis takes place in the cytoplasm, that’s why the RNAm is
required to take the genetic information to the ribosomes.
•The exceptions to the dogma are prions: that synthetized the DNA from the cell that is being infected and RNA viruses: because they
begin their synthesis with RNA instead of DNA.
•Replication consists on creating two daughter DNA molecules from one mother DNA molecule.
INTRODUCTIONDNA RNA Proteins
Transcription Translation
CENTRAL DOGMA OF GENETIC INFORMATION
Prions structure are very simple, they don’t contain DNA or RNA, but they can infect
proteins and propagate in that way.
THE SHAPE OF INFECTIOUS PRIONS
Giuseppe Legname described that healthy prions look like spheres, but when they are malignant
they look like cubes.
THE SHAPE OF INFECTIOUS PRIONS
The mad cow disease or bovine spongiform encephalopathies
are neurodegenerative diseases caused by prions that are
misfolded proteins. It affects the cattle causing spongy
degeneration in the brain and spinal cord leading to death.
THE SHAPE OF INFECTIOUS PRIONS
PrPSc (the pathological form of the prion
protein) can induce normal prion proteins (PrPC) to acquire the wrong conformation
and convert into further disease-causing agents.
THE SHAPE OF INFECTIOUS PRIONS
Knowing about this misfolded proteins
can help us to prevent people to
consume cow meat that is infected and
avoid the brain effects that it has on
humans.
PERSONAL OPINION
Scientist had developed stem cells that are capable to repair damaged retinal vascular
tissue in mice.
LAB-GROWN, VIRUS-FREE STEM CELLS REPAIR RETINAL TISSUE IN MICE
The stem cells are derived from human umbilical cord-blood and they can grow
without the conventional use of viruses, which can mutate genes and
initiate cancer.
LAB-GROWN, VIRUS-FREE STEM CELLS REPAIR RETINAL TISSUE IN MICE
They used the stem cord-blood cells because they had fewer acquired mutations and little,
if any, epigenetic memory, which is accumulative over time.
LAB-GROWN, VIRUS-FREE STEM CELLS REPAIR RETINAL TISSUE IN MICE
CD31 and CD146 produce twice stem cells than
iPSCs nd the most important thing is
that they repair mice’s retina
tissue.
LAB-GROWN, VIRUS-FREE STEM CELLS REPAIR RETINAL TISSUE IN MICE
I liked this news because it talked about how to repair the retina in mice with stem cells, with time they are going to improve
this technique and apply it on humans.
PERSONAL OPINION
With the discovery of the malignant form of prions, scientists can create medicines that
attack those structures.
MEDICAL UTILITY FIRST NEWS
Farmers can avoid people to eat the meat that is infected because the symptoms of the disease are easy to identify on cattle,
so we can prevent the spread of the disease.
MEDICAL UTILITY FIRST NEWS
The improvement of this investigation could save lot of people that have problems on the retina, avoid them and cure them.
MEDICAL UTILITY SECOND NEWS
Repairing retinal tissue permanent vision loss is avoided and in that way
a better lifestyle is provided to patients.
MEDICAL UTILITY SECOND NEWS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Martínez S, Lina María. Biología Molecular. 7 ed. Medellín: UPB. Facultad de Medicina, 2012. 74-84.P
• Romany N. N. Abskharon, Gabriele Giachin, Alexandre Wohlkonig, Sameh H. Soror, Els Pardon, Giuseppe Legname, Jan Steyaert. The shape of infectious prions. Sciencedaily, (online magazine), 2014 (January 24) available online: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/01/140124082602.htm
• T. S. Park, I. Bhutto, L. Zimmerlin, J. S. Huo, P. Nagaria, D. Miller, A. J. Rufaihah, C. Talbot, J. Aguilar, R. Grebe, C. Merges, R. Reijo-Pera, R. A. Feldman, F. Rassool, J. Cooke, G. Lutty, E. T. Zambidis. Lab-Grown, Virus-Free Stem Cells Repair Retinal Tissue in Mice. Sciencedaily, (online magazine), 2014 (January 23) available online: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/01/140123221915.htm
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