Play and play

Materials

1 R Dhaker, Lecturer,

PCNMS

“We are never more fully alive, more

completely ourselves, or more

deeply engrossed in anything than

when we are playing” – Charles

Schaefer

Introduction

Play is universal for all children.

It is work for the and ways of their living.

It pleasurable and enjoyable aspect of child’s life

and essential to promote growth and

development.

Play is the activity that has no serious motive

and from which there is no material gain.

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Importance of play

Physical development

Intellectual and educational development

Emotional development

Moral development

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PCNMS

Physical development

Physical development enhance during play.

Muscular and sensory abilities development

at the time of running, climbing, riding cycle

and in other active play.

These activities help to strengthen muscle

and to learn coordinated movements and

skills. 5 R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

The young children learn to differentiate to

sensations by visual, auditory and tactile

stimulations through the use of play materials.

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Intellectual and educational

development

Intellectual and educational development

promote during play.

Children learn color, size, shape, number,

distance, height, speed, name of the objects etc.

while playing with various toys and play things.

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Cont…Intellectual and educational development

Creative activity, problem solving, abstract thinking,

imagination, communication and speech development occur

during play.

Children improve attention span and concentration by

playing. They can make difference of reality and fantasy

through play.

It helps them to experience thrill of achievement.

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Emotional development

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PCNMS

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play improve emotional development.

Children express their fear, anxiety, anger,

joy, etc during play.

It reduces stress and stain and removes

irritability and destructives, thus enhances the

coping abilities.

It helps to communicate with others and

outside world. It helps to communicate with

others and outside world.

Cont…Emotional development

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PCNMS

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Play acts outlets of negative feeling and

considered as safety valve to release emotional

tension and reduce emotional trauma.

Play help in socialization.

Children become a social being through play.

They learn interaction with playmates by

sharing, understanding others and

communicating.

Moral development

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PCNMS

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Plays is the means of moral development.

Children learn morality from parents, teachers and

other adults.

During play with peers, child’s behavior will reflect

the right and wrong things, honesty, sportsmanship,

and value system.

They learn norms of moral behavior and

responsibility.

They become creative and independent through play.

Type of Play

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Play is nature and spontaneous.

It depends upon age, sex, interest, personality,

ability, cultural, patterns and social economic status

of the child’s family.

Play, playtime and playmates decrease as the age

increase. Play is a social behavior which differs in

various age group and depends upon the level of

development.

It is an individualized behavior.

Infants

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In Social affective play infants response by

smiling, cooing to the interfacing adult.

In sense pleasure play, they learn and explore

environment through various sensory experience.

They develop skill through imitation. Young

children also engage in sense pleasure play and

skill play.

Preschool Children

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Preschool Children enjoy dramatic play through

which they identify themselves with adult and

dramatize adult’s behavior.

Structured formal play begins to be played during

late preschool years.

School children

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School children enjoy comparative sports, games

and they develop hobbies for recreation and

diversion.

School age children imitate and dramatize more

complex activates even acting out stories in

books.

Adolescents and older school

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Adolescents and older school age children engage

in a more sophisticated type of fantasy activity

called daydreaming.

They spent their leisure time in competitive

sports, operating computers, watching

television, listening to the radio, hobbies,

reading etc.

According to Parent and Newhall (1943)

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In unoccupied play

Onlooker play

Solitary independent

play

•Parallel play

•In associative play

•Co-operative play

Selection and care of play materials

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Selection of play materials and toys depends upon

age, abilities, interest, like and dislike, cultural,

experience, personality and level of intelligence

of the child.

The play materials should have the following

characteristics-

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Safe, washable, light weight, simple,

durable, easy to handle and non-

breakable.

Realistic, attractive, constructive and offer

problem- solving opportunities.

No sharp edges and no small removable

parts which may be swallowed or inhaled.

Cont…The play materials should have the following characteristics-

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Not over stimulating and frustrating

No toxic paints, not costly, not inflammable

and not excessive noisy.

Play things with electrical plugs should be

avoided, only children over 8 years of age

should be permitted to use them.

Children must be taught the following-

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Correct use of toys. Parents should explain

the directions for use and the causation

labels.

Safe storing of toys in a space with easy

reach and away from busy areas.

Keeping the playthings in good conditions.

Parents should repair or discard damaged

and broken toys.

Cont…The play materials should have the following characteristics-

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Keeping the play materials of older brothers and

sisters away from younger children. The wrong toys

for the wrong ages can be injurious to children.

Electronic toys and games can also be shared by the

adults in the children’s play time. Parents may interact

and initiate the use with precautions.

Suitable Play Material

According to age-

Questions?