Plant CellsPlant Cells

• Cells: The basic structural unit of all living things– Plants, animals, etc.

• Chlorphyll: Green substance that must be present for plants to produce food

Nucleus and Cell Nucleus and Cell MembraneMembrane

• The cell MEMBRANE gives the cell its shape and holds the cytoplasm

• The cell NUCLEUS is the brain of the cell and controls most cell activities

• The NUCLEAUR MEMBRANE separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell

• NUCLEOLUS helps make ribosomes

CytoplasmCytoplasm

• Most of the cell is made up of CYTOPLASM, a clear, jelly-like substance– Water and some chemicals

• RIBOSOMES are where proteins are made and are found in the cytoplasm– Jobs include the formation of cell parts and

activity regulation

Cell StructuresCell Structures

• Mitochondria: Produce energy from food which has been digested– Known as the cells “power plants”

• Chloroplasts: Give plants their green color• Cell wall: Gives the plants shape and is the

only thing left when a plant dies– Example: Wood

Vegetative StructuresVegetative Structures

• Leaves: The food factory of the plant• This is where photosynthesis occurs

–Blade: Flat part of the leaf– Leaflet: Single division of a compound leaf–Rachis: Main stem of a compound leaf–Margin: Outside edge of the leaf

LeavesLeaves• Midrib: Large center vein where other veins originate • Petiole: Leaf’s stem which connects it to the plant stem• Stipules: Secondary growths at the base of the petiole– Scales, hairs, or leaf-like structures

RootsRoots

Roots are the portion of the plant which grows underground

•Taproot: One major root that is larger than the rest•Fibrous Root: Small roots which spread out in the soil•Adventitious Root: Roots which form on the plant stems or leaves

StemsStemsThe support

structure and a transportation system of the

plant

Monocots and DicotsMonocots and Dicots

FlowersFlowers

Flowers, cont.Flowers, cont.• Complete Flower: Has all four parts of a flower– Sepals, petals, stamens, and pistil

• Incomplete Flower: Missing one or more parts

• Perfect Flower: Has both stamens and pistil• Imperfect Flower: Lacks either stamens or pistil

FruitFruit

• Fruit formation begins with pollination

• Pollen travels from the anther to the stigma

• Moves from the stigma down the style into the ovary

• Fruit is a ripened ovary

SeedsSeeds• Form inside the plant’s ovary– Each seed holds the embryo, or fertilized egg of a

new plant