physics project presentation

7/26/2019 Physics Project Presentation

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Uranium and PlutoniumAn alternate source of electrical energy.


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Process of generating electricity from UranPlutonium

The reactor vessel (1) is a tough steel capsule that houses the fuel rods: sealcontaining pellets of uranium oxide.

These uranium atoms being moving rapidly and the neutrons, splits (ssion) releases thermal (heat) energy.

ater !ows through the reactor vessel where the energy produced heats it topressuriser sub&ects it to around 1'' times atmospheric pressure, which stop

The reactor coolant pump circulates the hot pressurised water from the reactsteam generator. This water is under much less pressure, so the heat from thinto steam.

The steam then passes through a series of turbines, causing them to spin anheat energy produced in the reactor into mechanical energy.

shaft connects the turbines to a generator so when the turbines spin, so generator. The generator uses an electromagnetic eld to convert this mechaelectrical energy.

transformer converts the electrical energy from the generator to a high volgrid uses high voltages to transmit electricity e*ciently through the power lin


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Diagram of Process of generating electricUranium and Plutonium


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Pros and Cons of Nuclear Energ

PROS

%lean +nergy roduction

-eliable ource of ower

%heap +lectricity

/o 0eographicalimitations

CONS

/on -enewable

2uge capital investmenadvanced technology

3evelopment of nucleaweapons

ollution and radioactiv


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Steps to be taken to ensure a nuclear m eltdow n does or4ers in these plants must have su*cient 4nowledge and training in these re

and engineering.

The safety and performance of these reactors should be improved.

/uclear power plants should be constructed with the aim of preventing accide

-egular tests should be executed to ensure safety of power plans.

series of physical barriers between the radioactive reactor core and the envir

5ultiple safety systems and bac46up plans.


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W at actions sould be taken if a nuclear m eltdow n d

ctions that should be ta4en if there is a nucle

meltdown are:

hut down operating reactors.

%ool down reactors as soon as to remove heat from nuclear

%ontain radioactive materials.

lert the public to allow them to evacuate the surrounding a

nuclear plant.


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"iological Effects of #adiation

7nce the cell is dama

radiation, there are th

1. The cell will repaito normal.

9. The cell doesnt re

disrepair and can

". The cell dies and

to normal.

%hild are at higher ris

aliments since their ca faster rate and the

can aid in the develop


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"iological Effects of #adiation1. 2air loss since the hair follicles are sensitive t

9. -adiation 4ills nerve cells and small blood ves

and can cause sei8ures and immediate death

". The thyroid gland is susceptible to radioactive

su*cient amounts, radioactive iodine can des

of the thyroid as well as development of thyro


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"iological Effects of #adiation


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Cernobyl Ukraine $%&' (A nuclear m eltd

The nuclear meltdownduring an experiment

cooling the reactor coemergency situation.

The safety systems hadisabled, and the reacoperated under impro

conditions, a state whuncontrollable power s

The power surge creat

increase in heat, whicsome of the pressure

fuel. The hot fuel part

with water and causedex losion which raise


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)utcom e of te Cernobyl Ukraine $%&' m eltdow n

Thirty people died of acute radiation syndrome

Thousands of cases of fatal cancers and birth defects have been reporfollowing years.

5utations were caused in humans and animals

%hernobyl plant operators hid the mishap from authorities and the locpopulation, and thus the government did not even begin evacuations

hours after the accident.

s authorities did not promptly reveal details of the accident, many pun4nowingly consumed contaminated food.

%ontamination from the accident scattered irregularly, depending on wconditions.

The town 4nown as ripyat, was abandoned.


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