physics 451 quantum mechanics i fall 2012 karine chesnel
TRANSCRIPT
Physics 451
Quantum mechanics I
Fall 2012
Karine Chesnel
• Class: M, W, F at 9 am C285 ESC
Physics 451Quantum Mechanics - Foundations
Instructor: Karine ChesnelN319 [email protected] hours: MWF 10-11am
Teaching assistant:Muxue [email protected]
A little bit about your teacher…
France
PhD in Physics
UniversityJoseph Fourier
MS in Physics Ecole
Normale Superieure
Post-DocLawrence Berkeley
Lab
BYU
A little bit about your teacher…
MagnetometryMagnetic microscopy
Our Lab
www.physics.byu.edu/faculty/chesnel/
• Textbook: David J. Griffiths
Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, 2nd ed.
• Get your CID:
www.physics.byu.edu/Courses/cid.aspx
• Register your I-clicker
Physics 451Quantum Mechanics - Foundations
Physics 451- schedule
Aug 27 – Sept 21
Exam I: Sep 24- Sep 27
Schrödinger equation Wave functionStationary statesHarmonic oscillator Infinite square wellFree particle
Oct 29 – Nov 16
Exam III: Nov 16- Nov 20
Schrödinger equationin spherical coordinatesHydrogen atomAngular momentumSpin
Nov 26 – Dec 5
Final Exam: W Dec 12, 7am
Two-particles systemsAtomsSolidsFinal review
Sep 26 – Oct 22
Delta function potentialFinite square wellFormalismUncertainty principle
Exam II: Oct 22 - Oct 25
APS Four corners Oct 26-27
Physics 451- Homework
• Homework twice a week: generally due T & Th 7pm
• Help sessions T & Th afternoons 3- 6 pm
• Return your homework in the Phys 451 slots across N373 ESC
• ALWAYS put your CID on first page of your work
• If you use computer softwares (Matlab, Maple, Mathematica…) to do a calculation, don’t forget to print and include all your actual work.
Physics 451 Help sessions
Help sessions on Tuesday & Thursday
from 3 to 6pm
room N 337 (undergraduate lab)
First session: this Thursday Aug 30
Physics 451 Homework
First homework assignment: next Friday Aug 31st by 7pm
Assignment # 1: Problems 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
In the textbook
Physics 451- Grading
• In class quizzes: 10%
• Homework: 40%
• Exams: 30%
• Final 20%
Check your grade during the semester:www.physics.byu.edu/Courses/Grades.aspx
Introduction toQuantum mechanics
Some History
ma F
Newton’s second Law Kinetic energy
21
2T mv
E T V Mechanical energy of the system
dpF
dt
Until 20th century: Classical Newtonian Mechanics…
Deterministic view: All the parameters of one particle can be determined exactly at any given time
Introduction toQuantum mechanics
Early 20th century: Some revolutionary ideas from bright minds…
Some History
Werner Heisenberg1901-1976
Uncertainty Principle
Erwin Schrödinger1887-1961
Schrödinger Equation
Wolfgang Pauli1900- 1958
Pauli exclusion principle
Introduction toQuantum mechanics
Essential ideas
1) Uncertainty principle: Conjugates quantities of a particle (ex: position & momentum)can not be known simultaneously within a certain accuracy limit
2) Quantization: The measurement of a physical quantity in a confined system results in quanta(the measured values are discrete)
3) Wave-particle duality: All particles can be described as waves (travelling both in space and in time)The state of the particle is given by a wave function ( , )x t
4) Extrapolation to classical mechanics: The laws of classical Newtonian mechanics are the extrapolation of thelaws of quantum mechanics for large systems with very large number of particles
Introduction toQuantum mechanics
Essential ideas
Schrödinger equation (1926)
2 2
22i V
t m x